From d7d8d4017537166a28ed8206ff51408ef668e870 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Sun, 25 Oct 2020 21:12:28 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] updated PO files from POT file. --- po/az/mwcc.po | 5968 +++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ po/de/mwcc.po | 2756 ++++++++++++----------- po/el/mwcc.po | 2709 +++++++++++----------- po/es/mwcc.po | 2797 +++++++++++------------ po/fr/mwcc.po | 2787 +++++++++++------------ po/nl/mwcc.po | 2742 ++++++++++++----------- po/pl/mwcc.po | 2784 +++++++++++------------ po/sv/mwcc.po | 2709 +++++++++++----------- po/th/mwcc.po | 5944 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ po/uk/mwcc.po | 2713 +++++++++++----------- 10 files changed, 17039 insertions(+), 16870 deletions(-) diff --git a/po/az/mwcc.po b/po/az/mwcc.po index 1cf7371..7e90d6f 100644 --- a/po/az/mwcc.po +++ b/po/az/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-05-18 20:41+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Alesker Abdullayev \n" "Language-Team: Azerbaijani -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Creative Commons ilə hazırlanmışdır" @@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ msgstr "<publishername>İqtisadi Tədqiqatlar İnstitutu</publishername>" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "Meksika Milli Muxtar Universiteti" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -84,147 +84,163 @@ msgstr "" "by-sa/4.0/\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017 Creative Commons Fondu tərəfindən." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" -"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC " -"BY-SA), version 4.0." +"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" +"SA), version 4.0." msgstr "" "Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike lisenziyası (CC BY-SA), versiya 4.0 " "altında yayımlanıb." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 -msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " +#| "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " +#| "purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, " +#| "provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you " +#| "remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your " +#| "contributions under the same license as the original. License details: " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" +msgid "" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" msgstr "" +"Bu kitab CC BY-SA lisenziyası altında yayımlanır, bu da istədiyiniz məqsəd " +"üçün məzmunu kopyala, yenidən paylaya, yenidən qura, dəyişdirə və inşa edə " +"bilərsiniz, hətta ticari olaraq da, lazımi kredit verdiyiniz təqdirdə bir " +"link təmin edə bilərsiniz. lisenziyanı verin və dəyişikliklərin olub " +"olmadığını göstərin. Materialı düzəltmisinizsə, dəyişdirirsinizsə və ya " +"qurursanız, töhfələrinizi orijinalla eyni lisenziyaya əsasən paylamalısınız. " +"Lisenziya təfərrüatları: <ulink url = \"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/" +"by-sa/4.0/\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 -msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +msgid "" +"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" "Bryan Mathers-in şəkilləri, <ulink url = \"https://bryanmmathers.com/\" />." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "Naşir: Gunnar Wolf." #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 +msgid "" +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" -"Yüklənə bilən elektron kitab üçün <ulink url = \"https://madewith.cc/\" />." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" +"gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " +"url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 msgid "" -"This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink " -"url=\"https://gitlab.com/gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations " -"are maintained on <ulink " -"url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" msgstr "" +"Yüklənə bilən elektron kitab üçün <ulink url = \"https://madewith.cc/\" />." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " "this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also reasonably " "average pay far closer attention and think at far more length about all " -"sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our daily " -"lives." +"sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our daily lives." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " "CC’s most well-known proponents—one who has also had a successful career as " "a writer who shares his work using CC—I told him I thought CC had a role in " "defining and advancing open business models. He kindly disagreed, and called " -"the pursuit of viable business models through CC <quote>a red " -"herring.</quote>" +"the pursuit of viable business models through CC <quote>a red herring.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " "<quote>Regardless of legal status, they all have a social mission. Their " -"primary reason for being is to make the world a better place, not to " -"profit. Money is a means to a social end, not the end itself.</quote>" +"primary reason for being is to make the world a better place, not to profit. " +"Money is a means to a social end, not the end itself.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -234,7 +250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -245,7 +261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -255,7 +271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -266,7 +282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -278,7 +294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -286,13 +302,12 @@ msgid "" "so much into a political campaign that didn’t end as she’d hoped. Today, " "she’s more determined than ever to live with her values right out on her " "sleeve. I can always count on Sarah to push Creative Commons to focus on our " -"impact—to make the main thing the main thing. She’s practical, " -"detail-oriented, and clever. There’s no one on my team that I enjoy debating " -"more." +"impact—to make the main thing the main thing. She’s practical, detail-" +"oriented, and clever. There’s no one on my team that I enjoy debating more." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -305,17 +320,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " -"researched, and written in the open. It is being shared openly under a CC " -"BY-SA license for anyone to use, remix, or adapt with attribution. It is, in " +"researched, and written in the open. It is being shared openly under a CC BY-" +"SA license for anyone to use, remix, or adapt with attribution. It is, in " "itself, an example of an open business model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -326,7 +341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -338,7 +353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -346,7 +361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -357,7 +372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -373,7 +388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -385,11 +400,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" -"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of " -"Cyberspace</quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a " -"place. People live there. They experience all the sorts of things that they " +"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" +"quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " +"People live there. They experience all the sorts of things that they " "experience in real space, there. For some, they experience more. They " "experience this not as isolated individuals, playing some high tech computer " "game; they experience it in groups, in communities, among strangers, among " @@ -397,7 +412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -407,34 +422,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -448,25 +463,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " -"organizations, and businesses who use Creative Commons in an integral " -"way—what we call being Made with Creative Commons. We interviewed them and " -"wrote up their stories. We analyzed what we heard and dug deep into the " -"literature." +"organizations, and businesses who use Creative Commons in an integral way—" +"what we call being Made with Creative Commons. We interviewed them and wrote " +"up their stories. We analyzed what we heard and dug deep into the literature." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -476,17 +490,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " -"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something " -"different. Something that generates not just economic value but social and " -"cultural value. Something that involves human connection. Being Made with " -"Creative Commons is not <quote>business as usual.</quote>" +"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " +"Something that generates not just economic value but social and cultural " +"value. Something that involves human connection. Being Made with Creative " +"Commons is not <quote>business as usual.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -497,7 +511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -509,26 +523,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " -"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main " -"parts." +"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" -"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by " -"Paul. He provides some historical context for the digital commons, " -"describing the three ways society has managed resources and shared " -"wealth—the commons, the market, and the state. He advocates for thinking " -"beyond business and market terms and eloquently makes the case for sharing " -"and enlarging the digital commons." +"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " +"He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " +"three ways society has managed resources and shared wealth—the commons, the " +"market, and the state. He advocates for thinking beyond business and market " +"terms and eloquently makes the case for sharing and enlarging the digital " +"commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -536,12 +549,11 @@ msgid "" "of human connections that make sharing truly meaningful. This section " "outlines the ways the creators, organizations, and businesses we interviewed " "bring in revenue, how they further the public interest and live out their " -"values, and how they foster connections with the people with whom they " -"share." +"values, and how they foster connections with the people with whom they share." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -550,7 +562,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -558,7 +570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -566,7 +578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -576,44 +588,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 -msgid "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 +msgid "" +"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " "commons. So are language and knowledge, sidewalks and public squares, the " "stories of childhood and the processes of democracy. Some parts of the " "commons are gifts of nature, others the product of human endeavor. Some are " -"new, such as the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and " -"calligraphy.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"new, such as the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and calligraphy.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -626,24 +639,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " -"common—to put the resource into the commons—is a verb.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The creators, organizations, and businesses we " +"common—to put the resource into the commons—is a verb.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The creators, organizations, and businesses we " "profile are all engaged with commoning. Their use of Creative Commons " "involves them in the social practice of commoning, managing resources in a " "collective manner with a community of users.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -653,44 +666,44 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " -"government), and the market—with the last two being the dominant forms " -"today.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"government), and the market—with the last two being the dominant forms today." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " "state. The extent of engagement with market or state varies. Some operate " -"primarily as a commons with minimal or no reliance on the market or " -"state.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Others are very much a part " -"of the market or state, depending on them for financial sustainability. All " -"operate as hybrids, blending the norms of the commons with those of the " -"market or state." +"primarily as a commons with minimal or no reliance on the market or state." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Others are very much a part of the " +"market or state, depending on them for financial sustainability. All operate " +"as hybrids, blending the norms of the commons with those of the market or " +"state." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -698,7 +711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -711,7 +724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -722,7 +735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -731,22 +744,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -758,12 +777,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -772,54 +791,55 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Her framework considered things like the " "biophysical characteristics of common resources, the community’s actors and " -"the interactions that take place between them, rules-in-use, and " -"outcomes. That framework has been simplified and generalized to apply to the " -"commons, the market, and the state for this chapter." +"the interactions that take place between them, rules-in-use, and outcomes. " +"That framework has been simplified and generalized to apply to the commons, " +"the market, and the state for this chapter." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " "characteristics, the people involved and the process they use, the norms and " "rules they develop to govern use, and finally actual resource use along with " -"outcomes of that use (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " -"linkend=\"fig-2\"/>)." +"outcomes of that use (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=" +"\"fig-2\"/>)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " -"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human " -"produced. And—significantly for today’s commons—resources can be physical or " -"digital, which affects a resource’s inherent potential." +"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" +"significantly for today’s commons—resources can be physical or digital, " +"which affects a resource’s inherent potential." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -831,7 +851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -843,18 +863,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " "different from how physical resources are managed. However, this is not " -"always the case. Digital resources are frequently made artificially " -"scarce. Placing digital resources in the commons makes them free and " -"abundant." +"always the case. Digital resources are frequently made artificially scarce. " +"Placing digital resources in the commons makes them free and abundant." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -866,7 +885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -878,12 +897,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -891,7 +910,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -902,7 +921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -913,14 +932,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -937,22 +956,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -960,7 +980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -970,7 +990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -978,28 +998,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " "defined by the community. They weigh individual costs and benefits against " "the costs and benefits to the whole community. Consideration is given not " -"just to economic efficiency but also to equity and " -"sustainability.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"just to economic efficiency but also to equity and sustainability." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1008,16 +1028,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " -"Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl " -"H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." +"Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl H. " +"Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1028,7 +1048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1039,7 +1059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1050,7 +1070,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1059,12 +1079,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1075,17 +1095,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " -"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the " -"commons. The commons is making a resurgence. To understand the resilience of " -"the commons and its current renewal, it’s helpful to know something of its " +"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " +"The commons is making a resurgence. To understand the resilience of the " +"commons and its current renewal, it’s helpful to know something of its " "history." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1093,7 +1113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1101,28 +1121,28 @@ msgid "" "id=\"0\"/> There was no market, no global economy. The state in the form of " "rulers influenced the commons but by no means controlled it. Direct social " "participation in a commons was the primary way in which resources were " -"managed and needs met. (Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " -"linkend=\"fig-4\"/> illustrates the commons in relation to the state and the " -"market.)" +"managed and needs met. (Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=" +"\"fig-4\"/> illustrates the commons in relation to the state and the market.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1130,65 +1150,66 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " "commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In olden days, " "<quote>commoners</quote> were evicted from the land, fences and hedges " -"erected, laws passed, and security set up to forbid access.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Gradually, resources became the property of the " +"erected, laws passed, and security set up to forbid access.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Gradually, resources became the property of the " "state and the state became the primary means by which resources were " "managed. (See Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-5\"/>)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " -"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to " -"cities. With the emergence of the industrial revolution, land and resources " -"became commodities sold to businesses to support production. Monarchies " -"evolved into elected parliaments. Commoners became labourers earning money " -"operating the machinery of industry. Financial, business, and property laws " -"were revised by governments to support markets, growth, and " -"productivity. Over time ready access to market produced goods resulted in a " -"rising standard of living, improved health, and education. Fig. <xref " -"xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-6\"/> shows how today the market is " -"the primary means by which resources are managed." +"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " +"With the emergence of the industrial revolution, land and resources became " +"commodities sold to businesses to support production. Monarchies evolved " +"into elected parliaments. Commoners became labourers earning money operating " +"the machinery of industry. Financial, business, and property laws were " +"revised by governments to support markets, growth, and productivity. Over " +"time ready access to market produced goods resulted in a rising standard of " +"living, improved health, and education. Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " +"linkend=\"fig-6\"/> shows how today the market is the primary means by which " +"resources are managed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " -"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in " -"1968. Hardin argues that everyone in a commons seeks to maximize personal " -"gain and will continue to do so even when the limits of the commons are " -"reached. The commons is then tragically depleted to the point where it can " -"no longer support anyone. Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an " -"economic truism and a justification for private property and free markets." +"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " +"Hardin argues that everyone in a commons seeks to maximize personal gain and " +"will continue to do so even when the limits of the commons are reached. The " +"commons is then tragically depleted to the point where it can no longer " +"support anyone. Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an economic truism " +"and a justification for private property and free markets." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1196,7 +1217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1216,11 +1237,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " -"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure " -"self-interest, without interaction or consideration of others. But as Ostrom " +"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" +"interest, without interaction or consideration of others. But as Ostrom " "found, in reality, managing common resources together forms a community and " "encourages discourse. This naturally generates norms and rules that help " "people work collectively and ensure a sustainable commons. Paradoxically, " @@ -1229,28 +1250,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " "known about how abundance works.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " "The emergence of information technology and the Internet has led to an " -"explosion in digital resources and new means of sharing and " -"distribution. Digital resources can never be depleted. An absence of a " -"theory or model for how abundance works, however, has led the market to make " -"digital resources artificially scarce and makes it possible for the usual " -"market norms and rules to be applied." +"explosion in digital resources and new means of sharing and distribution. " +"Digital resources can never be depleted. An absence of a theory or model for " +"how abundance works, however, has led the market to make digital resources " +"artificially scarce and makes it possible for the usual market norms and " +"rules to be applied." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1259,22 +1280,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1282,12 +1304,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1295,12 +1317,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1308,28 +1330,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" -"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to " -"others.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1346,16 +1368,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " -"rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." +"rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink url=\"http://www." +"catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1368,7 +1390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1376,14 +1398,14 @@ msgid "" "participation in producing creative works and distributing them. Photos, " "books, music, and many other forms of digital content could now be readily " "created and distributed by almost anyone. Despite this potential for " -"abundance, by default these digital works are governed by copyright " -"laws. Under copyright, a digital work is the property of the creator, and by " -"law others are excluded from accessing and using it without the creator’s " +"abundance, by default these digital works are governed by copyright laws. " +"Under copyright, a digital work is the property of the creator, and by law " +"others are excluded from accessing and using it without the creator’s " "permission." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1391,7 +1413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1401,12 +1423,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1417,20 +1439,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " -"30, 2016, <ulink " -"url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-considerations/\"/>." +"30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" +"considerations/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " -"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by " -"lawyers. This layer is called the legal code. But since most creators and " -"users are not lawyers, the licenses also have a commons deed, expressing the " +"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " +"This layer is called the legal code. But since most creators and users are " +"not lawyers, the licenses also have a commons deed, expressing the " "permissions in plain language, which regular people can read and quickly " "understand. It acts as a user-friendly interface to the legal-code layer " "beneath. The third layer is the machine-readable one, making it easy for the " @@ -1442,7 +1464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1452,14 +1474,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1471,21 +1493,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " "committed to the norms associated with a commons. And for some, " "participation has been spurred by the free-culture movement, a social " -"movement that promotes the freedom to distribute and modify creative " -"works. The free-culture movement sees a commons as providing significant " -"benefits compared to restrictive copyright laws. This ethos of free exchange " -"in a commons aligns the free-culture movement with the free and open-source " +"movement that promotes the freedom to distribute and modify creative works. " +"The free-culture movement sees a commons as providing significant benefits " +"compared to restrictive copyright laws. This ethos of free exchange in a " +"commons aligns the free-culture movement with the free and open-source " "software movement." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1495,15 +1517,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " -"September 24, 2016, <ulink " -"url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Government_Partnership\"/>." +"September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" +"Open_Government_Partnership\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1517,22 +1539,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1548,15 +1570,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " -"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink " -"url=\"http://sida.se/globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>" +"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" +"globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1566,25 +1588,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " "for the GOVernance of Commons) (Bologna, Italy: City of Bologna, 2014), " -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." +"<ulink url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-" +"Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-" +"regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" -"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink " -"url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/>; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to " -"<ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>." +"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" +">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" +"amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1597,14 +1620,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1613,8 +1636,8 @@ msgid "" "market, making them less like a commons and more like a traditional business " "seeking financial gain. Much of the sharing economy is not about the commons " "or building an alternative to a corporate-driven market economy; it’s about " -"extending the deregulated free market into new areas of our " -"lives.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> While none of the people we " +"extending the deregulated free market into new areas of our lives." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> While none of the people we " "interviewed for our case studies would describe themselves as part of the " "sharing economy, there are in fact some significant parallels. Both the " "sharing economy and the commons make better use of asset capacity. The " @@ -1624,7 +1647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1632,21 +1655,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " "function under different economic rules than physical ones. In a world where " -"prices always seem to go up, information technology is an " -"anomaly. Computer-processing power, storage, and bandwidth are all rapidly " -"increasing, but rather than costs going up, costs are coming down. Digital " -"technologies are getting faster, better, and cheaper. The cost of anything " -"built on these technologies will always go down until it is close to " -"zero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"prices always seem to go up, information technology is an anomaly. Computer-" +"processing power, storage, and bandwidth are all rapidly increasing, but " +"rather than costs going up, costs are coming down. Digital technologies are " +"getting faster, better, and cheaper. The cost of anything built on these " +"technologies will always go down until it is close to zero.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1661,7 +1684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1669,19 +1692,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " "abundance rather than scarcity is so alien to the way we conceive of " -"economic theory and practice that we struggle to do so.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Those that are Made with Creative Commons are " -"each pioneering in this new landscape, devising their own economic models " -"and practice." +"economic theory and practice that we struggle to do so.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Those that are Made with Creative Commons are each " +"pioneering in this new landscape, devising their own economic models and " +"practice." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1690,7 +1713,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1698,15 +1721,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " -"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), " -"8–9." +"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1721,44 +1743,44 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " -"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink " -"url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." +"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" +"\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " -"Generation as our reference for defining just what a business model " -"is. Developed over nine years using an <quote>open process</quote> involving " -"470 coauthors from forty-five countries, it is useful as a framework for " -"talking about business models.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Generation as our reference for defining just what a business model is. " +"Developed over nine years using an <quote>open process</quote> involving 470 " +"coauthors from forty-five countries, it is useful as a framework for talking " +"about business models.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" -"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink " -"url=\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." +"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" +"strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " -"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink " -"url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. " -"You can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas Questions at " -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>." +"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." +"com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. You " +"can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas Questions at " +"<ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/" +"d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1766,38 +1788,38 @@ msgid "" "own business model. We remixed this business model canvas into an open " "business model canvas, adding three more building blocks relevant to hybrid " "market, commons enterprises: social good, Creative Commons license, and " -"<quote>type of open environment that the business fits " -"in.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This enhanced canvas " -"proved useful when we analyzed businesses and helped start-ups plan their " -"economic model." +"<quote>type of open environment that the business fits in.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This enhanced canvas proved " +"useful when we analyzed businesses and helped start-ups plan their economic " +"model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " -"primarily being situated in the market. Where you sit on the " -"commons-to-market spectrum affects the extent to which you see yourself as a " -"business in the market. The more central to the mission shared resources " -"and commons values are, the less comfort there is in describing yourself, or " -"depicting what you do, as a business. Not all who have endeavors Made with " -"Creative Commons use business speak; for some the process has been " -"experimental, emergent, and organic rather than carefully planned using a " -"predefined model." +"primarily being situated in the market. Where you sit on the commons-to-" +"market spectrum affects the extent to which you see yourself as a business " +"in the market. The more central to the mission shared resources and commons " +"values are, the less comfort there is in describing yourself, or depicting " +"what you do, as a business. Not all who have endeavors Made with Creative " +"Commons use business speak; for some the process has been experimental, " +"emergent, and organic rather than carefully planned using a predefined model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " -"How Can You Generate Revenue?</quote>, available at <ulink " -"url=\"http://medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." +"How Can You Generate Revenue?</quote>, available at <ulink url=\"http://" +"medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-" +"can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1805,19 +1827,19 @@ msgid "" "but physical for a fee,</quote> crowdfunding, matchmaking, value-add " "services, patrons . . . the list goes on and on. (Initial description of how " "to earn revenue available through reference note. For latest thinking see " -"How to Bring In Money in the next section.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> There is no single magic bullet, and each endeavor has devised " -"ways that work for them. Most make use of more than one way. Diversifying " -"revenue streams lowers risk and provides multiple paths to sustainability." +"How to Bring In Money in the next section.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> There is no single magic bullet, and each endeavor has devised ways " +"that work for them. Most make use of more than one way. Diversifying revenue " +"streams lowers risk and provides multiple paths to sustainability." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1826,7 +1848,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1836,21 +1858,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " -"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before " -"access. The commons puts resources in the open, providing access up front " -"without payment. Those that are Made with Creative Commons make little or no " -"use of digital rights management (DRM) to manage resources. Not using DRM " -"frees them of the costs of acquiring DRM technology and staff resources to " -"engage in the punitive practices associated with restricting access. The way " -"the commons provides access to everyone levels the playing field and " -"promotes inclusiveness, equity, and fairness." +"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " +"The commons puts resources in the open, providing access up front without " +"payment. Those that are Made with Creative Commons make little or no use of " +"digital rights management (DRM) to manage resources. Not using DRM frees " +"them of the costs of acquiring DRM technology and staff resources to engage " +"in the punitive practices associated with restricting access. The way the " +"commons provides access to everyone levels the playing field and promotes " +"inclusiveness, equity, and fairness." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1864,15 +1886,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " -"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), " -"31–44." +"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" +"44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1880,21 +1902,21 @@ msgid "" "original creator. Some endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons " "deliberately encourage users to take the resources being shared and innovate " "them. Doing so moves research and development (R&D) from being solely " -"inside the organization to being in the community.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Community-based innovation will keep an " -"organization or business on its toes. It must continue to contribute new " -"ideas, absorb and build on top of the innovations of others, and steward the " -"resources and the relationship with the community." +"inside the organization to being in the community.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Community-based innovation will keep an organization " +"or business on its toes. It must continue to contribute new ideas, absorb " +"and build on top of the innovations of others, and steward the resources and " +"the relationship with the community." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" -"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is " -"global. Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go " -"far and wide generating a global impact. In the digital world, there are no " -"borders between countries. When you are Made with Creative Commons, you are " -"often local and global at the same time: Digital designs being globally " +"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " +"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " +"wide generating a global impact. In the digital world, there are no borders " +"between countries. When you are Made with Creative Commons, you are often " +"local and global at the same time: Digital designs being globally " "distributed but made and manufactured locally. Digital books or music being " "globally distributed but readings and concerts performed locally. The " "digital commons magnifies impact by connecting creators to those who use and " @@ -1902,7 +1924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1917,7 +1939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1933,7 +1955,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1942,12 +1964,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -1960,7 +1982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -1970,7 +1992,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -1982,7 +2004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -1992,7 +2014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2001,7 +2023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2009,14 +2031,14 @@ msgid "" "we heard in our interviews how success and sustainability are tied to a set " "of beliefs, values, and principles that underlie their actions: Give more " "than you take. Be open and inclusive. Add value. Make visible what you are " -"using from the commons, what you are adding, and what you are " -"monetizing. Maximize abundance. Give attribution. Express gratitude. Develop " -"trust; don’t exploit. Build relationship and community. Be " -"transparent. Defend the commons." +"using from the commons, what you are adding, and what you are monetizing. " +"Maximize abundance. Give attribution. Express gratitude. Develop trust; " +"don’t exploit. Build relationship and community. Be transparent. Defend the " +"commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2027,7 +2049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2038,17 +2060,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2061,12 +2083,11 @@ msgid "" "others. Many sit somewhere in between, both using and contributing creative " "work that’s shared with the public. Like all who use the licenses, these " "endeavors share their work—whether it’s open data or furniture designs—in a " -"way that enables the public not only to access it but also to make use of " -"it." +"way that enables the public not only to access it but also to make use of it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2078,7 +2099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2086,19 +2107,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " "were we wrong that there are business models out there that others who want " -"to use CC licensing as part of their livelihood or business could " -"replicate. What we didn’t realize was just how misguided it would be to " -"write a book about being Made with Creative Commons using only a business " -"lens." +"to use CC licensing as part of their livelihood or business could replicate. " +"What we didn’t realize was just how misguided it would be to write a book " +"about being Made with Creative Commons using only a business lens." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2106,20 +2126,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " -"delivers, and captures value.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Thinking about sharing in terms of creating and capturing value " -"always felt inappropriately transactional and out of place, something we " -"heard time and time again in our interviews. And as Cory Doctorow told us in " -"our interview with him, <quote>Business model can mean anything you want it " -"to mean.</quote>" +"delivers, and captures value.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> Thinking about sharing in terms of creating and capturing value always " +"felt inappropriately transactional and out of place, something we heard time " +"and time again in our interviews. And as Cory Doctorow told us in our " +"interview with him, <quote>Business model can mean anything you want it to " +"mean.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2128,7 +2148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2140,7 +2160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2153,7 +2173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2163,7 +2183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2178,7 +2198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2192,7 +2212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2202,20 +2222,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " "ways, this is nothing new. As Doctorow has written, <quote>Creators usually " -"start doing what they do for love.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> But when you share your creative work under a CC license, that " +"start doing what they do for love.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> But when you share your creative work under a CC license, that " "dynamic is even more pronounced. Similarly, for technological innovators, it " "is often less about creating a specific new thing that will make you rich " "and more about solving a specific problem you have. The creators of Arduino " @@ -2224,7 +2244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2236,7 +2256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2248,7 +2268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2256,7 +2276,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2269,12 +2289,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2289,7 +2309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2297,26 +2317,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " -"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially " -"zero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The costs to distribute " -"physical copies are still significant, but lower than they have been " -"historically. And it is now much easier to print and distribute physical " -"copies on-demand, which also reduces costs. Depending on the endeavor, there " -"can be a whole host of other possible expenses like marketing and promotion, " -"and even expenses associated with the various ways money is being made, like " -"touring or custom training." +"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The costs to distribute physical " +"copies are still significant, but lower than they have been historically. " +"And it is now much easier to print and distribute physical copies on-demand, " +"which also reduces costs. Depending on the endeavor, there can be a whole " +"host of other possible expenses like marketing and promotion, and even " +"expenses associated with the various ways money is being made, like touring " +"or custom training." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2326,15 +2346,15 @@ msgid "" "never got the time of day from one of the great imperial powers, this is " "your time. Where once you had no means of reaching an audience without the " "assistance of the industry-dominating megacompanies, now you have hundreds " -"of ways to do it without them.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Previously, distribution of creative work involved the costs " +"of ways to do it without them.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Previously, distribution of creative work involved the costs " "associated with sustaining a monolithic entity, now creators can do the work " "themselves. That means the financial needs of creative endeavors can be a " "lot more modest." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2349,7 +2369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2359,7 +2379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2367,90 +2387,90 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " "<quote>It has to start with the art. The songs had to touch people " -"initially, and mean something, for anything to work at " -"all.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> There isn’t any magic " -"to finding your people, and there is certainly no formula. Your work has to " -"connect with people and offer them some artistic and/or utilitarian " -"value. In some ways, this is easier than ever. Online we are not limited by " -"shelf space, so there is room for every obscure interest, taste, and need " +"initially, and mean something, for anything to work at all.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> There isn’t any magic to " +"finding your people, and there is certainly no formula. Your work has to " +"connect with people and offer them some artistic and/or utilitarian value. " +"In some ways, this is easier than ever. Online we are not limited by shelf " +"space, so there is room for every obscure interest, taste, and need " "imaginable. This is what Chris Anderson dubbed the Long Tail, where " "consumption becomes less about mainstream mass <quote>hits</quote> and more " "about micromarkets for every particular niche. As Anderson wrote, <quote>We " "are all different, with different wants and needs, and the Internet now has " -"a place for all of them in the way that physical markets did " -"not.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We are no longer " -"limited to what appeals to the masses." +"a place for all of them in the way that physical markets did not.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We are no longer limited to " +"what appeals to the masses." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " "actually get noticed. The Internet is a firehose of content, one that only " "grows larger by the minute. As a content creator, not only are you " "competing for attention against more content creators than ever before, you " -"are competing against creativity generated outside the market as " -"well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson wrote, <quote>The " +"are competing against creativity generated outside the market as well." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson wrote, <quote>The " "greatest change of the past decade has been the shift in time people spend " -"consuming amateur content instead of professional " -"content.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> To top it all off, " -"you have to compete against the rest of their lives, too—<quote>friends, " -"family, music playlists, soccer games, and nights on the " -"town.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Somehow, some way, " -"you have to get noticed by the right people." +"consuming amateur content instead of professional content.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> To top it all off, you have " +"to compete against the rest of their lives, too—<quote>friends, family, " +"music playlists, soccer games, and nights on the town.</quote><placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Somehow, some way, you have to get noticed by " +"the right people." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2467,21 +2487,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " -"one of many necessary preconditions for artistic " -"success.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"one of many necessary preconditions for artistic success.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2494,23 +2514,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " "work. If people like your work, their natural instinct will be to share it " "with others. But as David Bollier wrote, <quote>Our natural human impulses " -"to imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been " -"criminalized.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"to imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been criminalized.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2521,7 +2541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2538,34 +2558,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " -"potentially abundant resource it is.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> When you see information abundance as a feature, not a bug, you " -"start thinking about the ways to use the idling capacity of your content to " -"your advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric Steuer once said, " -"<quote>Using CC licenses shows you get the Internet.</quote>" +"potentially abundant resource it is.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> When you see information abundance as a feature, not a bug, you start " +"thinking about the ways to use the idling capacity of your content to your " +"advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric Steuer once said, <quote>Using CC " +"licenses shows you get the Internet.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " -"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in " -"return.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Similarly, the makers of " -"the Arduino boards knew it was impossible to stop people from copying their " +"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Similarly, the makers of the " +"Arduino boards knew it was impossible to stop people from copying their " "hardware, so they decided not to even try and instead look for the benefits " "of being open. For them, the result is one of the most ubiquitous pieces of " "hardware in the world, with a thriving online community of tinkerers and " @@ -2574,19 +2594,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2600,30 +2620,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " -"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are " -"CC-licensed, and they are copied and reshared on other sites by design. This " +"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" +"licensed, and they are copied and reshared on other sites by design. This " "proliferating effect, which they track, is a central part of the value to " "their academic authors who want to reach as many readers as possible." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " "Google’s Eric Schmidt, the idea is simple: <quote>Take whatever it is you " "are doing and do it at the max in terms of distribution. The other way of " "saying this is that since marginal cost of distribution is free, you might " -"as well put things everywhere.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> This strategy is what often motivates companies to make their " +"as well put things everywhere.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> This strategy is what often motivates companies to make their " "products and services free (i.e., no cost), but the same logic applies to " "making content freely shareable. Because CC-licensed content is free (as in " "cost) and can be freely copied, CC licensing makes it even more accessible " @@ -2631,77 +2651,75 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " -"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon " -"effect. The simple fact that there are other people consuming or following " -"your work spurs others to want to do the same.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> This is, in part, because we simply have a tendency to engage in " -"herd behavior, but it is also because a large following is at least a " -"partial indicator of quality or usefulness.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/>" +"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " +"The simple fact that there are other people consuming or following your work " +"spurs others to want to do the same.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> This is, in part, because we simply have a tendency to engage in herd " +"behavior, but it is also because a large following is at least a partial " +"indicator of quality or usefulness.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" -"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), " -"124. Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is " -"how rarely they are invoked.</quote>" +"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " +"Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " +"rarely they are invoked.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " -"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the " -"material. CC0, not a license but a tool used to put work in the public " -"domain, does not make attribution a legal requirement, but many communities " -"still give credit as a matter of best practices and social norms. In fact, " -"it is social norms, rather than the threat of legal enforcement, that most " -"often motivate people to provide attribution and otherwise comply with the " -"CC license terms anyway. This is the mark of any well-functioning community, " -"within both the marketplace and the society at large.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> CC licenses reflect a set of wishes on the part " -"of creators, and in the vast majority of circumstances, people are naturally " -"inclined to follow those wishes. This is particularly the case for something " -"as straightforward and consistent with basic notions of fairness as " -"providing credit." +"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " +"CC0, not a license but a tool used to put work in the public domain, does " +"not make attribution a legal requirement, but many communities still give " +"credit as a matter of best practices and social norms. In fact, it is social " +"norms, rather than the threat of legal enforcement, that most often motivate " +"people to provide attribution and otherwise comply with the CC license terms " +"anyway. This is the mark of any well-functioning community, within both the " +"marketplace and the society at large.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> CC licenses reflect a set of wishes on the part of creators, and in the " +"vast majority of circumstances, people are naturally inclined to follow " +"those wishes. This is particularly the case for something as straightforward " +"and consistent with basic notions of fairness as providing credit." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " "a brand. The drive to associate your name with your work is not just based " "on commercial motivations, it is fundamental to authorship. Knowledge " -"Unlatched is a nonprofit that helps to subsidize the print production of " -"CC-licensed academic texts by pooling contributions from libraries around " -"the United States. The CEO, Frances Pinter, says that the Creative Commons " +"Unlatched is a nonprofit that helps to subsidize the print production of CC-" +"licensed academic texts by pooling contributions from libraries around the " +"United States. The CEO, Frances Pinter, says that the Creative Commons " "license on the works has a huge value to authors because reputation is the " "most important currency for academics. Sharing with CC is a way of having " "the most people see and cite your work." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2716,23 +2734,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" -"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its " -"credibility. Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to " -"identify the source and quality of a particular good and service, knowing " -"the author of a work gives the public a way to assess its credibility. In a " -"time when online discourse is plagued with misinformation, being a trusted " -"information source is more valuable than ever." +"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " +"Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " +"source and quality of a particular good and service, knowing the author of a " +"work gives the public a way to assess its credibility. In a time when online " +"discourse is plagued with misinformation, being a trusted information source " +"is more valuable than ever." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2743,12 +2761,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2757,15 +2775,15 @@ msgid "" "most recognizable painting on the planet. Its ubiquity has the effect of " "catalyzing interest in seeing the painting in person, and in owning physical " "goods with the image. Abundant copies of the content often entice more " -"demand, not blunt it. Another example came with the advent of the " -"radio. Although the music industry did not see it coming (and fought it!), " -"free music on the radio functioned as advertising for the paid version " -"people bought in music stores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Free " -"can be a form of promotion." +"demand, not blunt it. Another example came with the advent of the radio. " +"Although the music industry did not see it coming (and fought it!), free " +"music on the radio functioned as advertising for the paid version people " +"bought in music stores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Free can be " +"a form of promotion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2782,12 +2800,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2796,48 +2814,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " "wildly different things—translating, updating, localizing, improving, " "transforming. It enables a work to be customized for particular needs, uses, " -"people, and communities, which is another distinct value to offer the " -"public.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Adaptation is more game " -"changing in some contexts than others. With educational materials, the " -"ability to customize and update the content is critically important for its " -"usefulness. For photography, the ability to adapt a photo is less important." +"people, and communities, which is another distinct value to offer the public." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Adaptation is more game changing " +"in some contexts than others. With educational materials, the ability to " +"customize and update the content is critically important for its usefulness. " +"For photography, the ability to adapt a photo is less important." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2845,44 +2863,43 @@ msgid "" "they don’t think as much about how they consume them.</quote><placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If even the tiny act of volition of paying one " "penny for something changes our perception of that thing, then surely the " -"act of remixing it enhances our perception exponentially.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We know that people will pay more for products " -"they had a part in creating.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> And we " -"know that creating something, no matter what quality, brings with it a type " -"of creative satisfaction that can never be replaced by consuming something " +"act of remixing it enhances our perception exponentially.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We know that people will pay more for products they " +"had a part in creating.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> And we know " +"that creating something, no matter what quality, brings with it a type of " +"creative satisfaction that can never be replaced by consuming something " "created by someone else.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " -"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their " -"social-media feeds for an hour knows all too well. In his book, Cognitive " -"Surplus, Clay Shirky says, <quote>To participate is to act as if your " -"presence matters, as if, when you see something or hear something, your " -"response is part of the event.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Opening the door to your content can get people more deeply tied " -"to your work." +"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" +"media feeds for an hour knows all too well. In his book, Cognitive Surplus, " +"Clay Shirky says, <quote>To participate is to act as if your presence " +"matters, as if, when you see something or hear something, your response is " +"part of the event.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opening " +"the door to your content can get people more deeply tied to your work." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2892,62 +2909,62 @@ msgid "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Being Made with Creative Commons means you can " "function without those barriers and, in many cases, use the increased " "openness as a competitive advantage. David Harris from OpenStax said they " -"specifically pursue strategies they know that traditional publishers " -"cannot. <quote>Don’t go into a market and play by the incumbent " -"rules,</quote> David said. <quote>Change the rules of engagement.</quote>" +"specifically pursue strategies they know that traditional publishers cannot. " +"<quote>Don’t go into a market and play by the incumbent rules,</quote> David " +"said. <quote>Change the rules of engagement.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " -"2009, <ulink " -"url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." +"2009, <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " -"have to generate some type of value for their audience or " -"customers. Sometimes that value is subsidized by funders who are not " -"actually beneficiaries of that value. Funders, whether philanthropic " -"institutions, governments, or concerned individuals, provide money to the " -"organization out of a sense of pure altruism. This is the way traditional " -"nonprofit funding operates.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But in " -"many cases, the revenue streams used by endeavors that are Made with " -"Creative Commons are directly tied to the value they generate, where the " -"recipient is paying for the value they receive like any standard market " -"transaction. In still other cases, rather than the quid pro quo exchange of " -"money for value that typically drives market transactions, the recipient " -"gives money out of a sense of reciprocity." +"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " +"Sometimes that value is subsidized by funders who are not actually " +"beneficiaries of that value. Funders, whether philanthropic institutions, " +"governments, or concerned individuals, provide money to the organization out " +"of a sense of pure altruism. This is the way traditional nonprofit funding " +"operates.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But in many cases, the " +"revenue streams used by endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons are " +"directly tied to the value they generate, where the recipient is paying for " +"the value they receive like any standard market transaction. In still other " +"cases, rather than the quid pro quo exchange of money for value that " +"typically drives market transactions, the recipient gives money out of a " +"sense of reciprocity." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " "funding for content creation when research-and-development costs are " "particularly high, and then finding a different revenue stream (or streams) " "for ongoing expenses. As Shirky wrote, <quote>The trick is in knowing when " -"markets are an optimal way of organizing interactions and when they are " -"not.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"markets are an optimal way of organizing interactions and when they are not." +"</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2958,41 +2975,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " "id=\"0\"/> By definition, if you are Made with Creative Commons, the content " "you provide is available for free and not a market commodity. Like the " "ubiquitous freemium business model, any possible market transaction with a " -"consumer of your content has to be based on some added value you " -"provide.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"consumer of your content has to be based on some added value you provide." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3010,12 +3027,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3024,12 +3041,12 @@ msgid "" "creates a new scarcity,</quote> he wrote. You just have to find some way " "other than the content to provide value to your audience or customers. As " "Anderson says, <quote>It’s easy to compete with Free: simply offer something " -"better or at least different from the free version.</quote><placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"better or at least different from the free version.</quote><placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3040,7 +3057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3049,94 +3066,92 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" -"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work " -"<emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" +"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" +"BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " "are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, <quote>Commodity information " "(everybody gets the same version) wants to be free. Customized information " -"(you get something unique and meaningful to you) wants to be " -"expensive.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This can be " -"anything from the artistic and cultural consulting services provided by " -"Ártica to the custom-song business of Jonathan <quote>Song-A-Day</quote> " -"Mann." +"(you get something unique and meaningful to you) wants to be expensive.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This can be anything from " +"the artistic and cultural consulting services provided by Ártica to the " +"custom-song business of Jonathan <quote>Song-A-Day</quote> Mann." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " -"and atoms refer to a physical object).<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> This is particularly successful in domains where the digital " -"version of the content isn’t as valuable as the analog version, like book " -"publishing where a significant subset of people still prefer reading " -"something they can hold in their hands. Or in domains where the content " -"isn’t useful until it is in physical form, like furniture designs. In those " -"situations, a significant portion of consumers will pay for the convenience " -"of having someone else put the physical version together for them. Some " -"endeavors squeeze even more out of this revenue stream by using a Creative " -"Commons license that only allows noncommercial uses, which means no one else " -"can sell physical copies of their work in competition with them. This " -"strategy of reserving commercial rights can be particularly important for " -"items like books, where every printed copy of the same work is likely to be " -"the same quality, so it is harder to differentiate one publishing service " -"from another. On the other hand, for items like furniture or electronics, " -"the provider of the physical goods can compete with other providers of the " -"same works based on quality, service, or other traditional business " -"principles." +"and atoms refer to a physical object).<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> This is particularly successful in domains where the digital version " +"of the content isn’t as valuable as the analog version, like book publishing " +"where a significant subset of people still prefer reading something they can " +"hold in their hands. Or in domains where the content isn’t useful until it " +"is in physical form, like furniture designs. In those situations, a " +"significant portion of consumers will pay for the convenience of having " +"someone else put the physical version together for them. Some endeavors " +"squeeze even more out of this revenue stream by using a Creative Commons " +"license that only allows noncommercial uses, which means no one else can " +"sell physical copies of their work in competition with them. This strategy " +"of reserving commercial rights can be particularly important for items like " +"books, where every printed copy of the same work is likely to be the same " +"quality, so it is harder to differentiate one publishing service from " +"another. On the other hand, for items like furniture or electronics, the " +"provider of the physical goods can compete with other providers of the same " +"works based on quality, service, or other traditional business principles." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " "digital copy on your own. Far from acting as a substitute for face-to-face " -"interaction, CC-licensed content can actually create demand for the " -"in-person version of experience. You can see this effect when people go view " +"interaction, CC-licensed content can actually create demand for the in-" +"person version of experience. You can see this effect when people go view " "original art in person or pay to attend a talk or training course." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3145,12 +3160,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3159,80 +3174,80 @@ msgid "" "businesses are paying to access your main audience. The fact that the " "content is free increases the size of the audience, which in turn makes the " "offer more valuable to the paying customers. This is a variation of a " -"traditional business model built on free called multi-sided " -"platforms.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Access to your audience " -"isn’t the only thing people are willing to pay for—there are other services " -"you can provide as well." +"traditional business model built on free called multi-sided platforms." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Access to your audience isn’t the " +"only thing people are willing to pay for—there are other services you can " +"provide as well." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " "reach the set of eyeballs the content creators provide in the form of their " "audience.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The Internet has made " "this model more difficult because the number of potential channels available " -"to reach those eyeballs has become essentially infinite.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Nonetheless, it remains a viable revenue stream " -"for many content creators, including those who are Made with Creative " -"Commons. Often, instead of paying to display advertising, the advertiser " -"pays to be an official sponsor of particular content or projects, or of the " -"overall endeavor." +"to reach those eyeballs has become essentially infinite.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Nonetheless, it remains a viable revenue stream for " +"many content creators, including those who are Made with Creative Commons. " +"Often, instead of paying to display advertising, the advertiser pays to be " +"an official sponsor of particular content or projects, or of the overall " +"endeavor." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " -"available to those who rely on work created, at least in part, by " -"others. The most well-known version of this model is the " -"<quote>author-processing charge</quote> of open-access journals like those " -"published by the Public Library of Science, but there are other " -"variations. The Conversation is primarily funded by a university-membership " -"model, where universities pay to have their faculties participate as writers " -"of the content on the Conversation website." +"available to those who rely on work created, at least in part, by others. " +"The most well-known version of this model is the <quote>author-processing " +"charge</quote> of open-access journals like those published by the Public " +"Library of Science, but there are other variations. The Conversation is " +"primarily funded by a university-membership model, where universities pay to " +"have their faculties participate as writers of the content on the " +"Conversation website." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " "Curation is an important element of this model. Platforms like the Noun " -"Project add value by wading through CC-licensed content to curate a " -"high-quality set and then derive revenue when creators of that content make " +"Project add value by wading through CC-licensed content to curate a high-" +"quality set and then derive revenue when creators of that content make " "transactions with customers. Other platforms make money when service " "providers transact with their customers; for example, Opendesk makes money " "every time someone on their site pays a maker to make furniture based on one " @@ -3240,12 +3255,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 -msgid "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 +msgid "" +"Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3256,12 +3272,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3274,12 +3290,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3288,7 +3304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3302,7 +3318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3312,17 +3328,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3332,14 +3348,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" -"Memberships and individual donations " -"<emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" +"Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3354,65 +3369,64 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " -"the public and personal value they feel is generated by the open " -"content. Critically, these models are not touted as <quote>buying</quote> " -"something free. They are similar to a tip jar. People make financial " -"contributions as an act of gratitude. These models capitalize on the fact " -"that we are naturally inclined to give money for things we value in the " -"marketplace, even in situations where we could find a way to get it for " -"free." +"the public and personal value they feel is generated by the open content. " +"Critically, these models are not touted as <quote>buying</quote> something " +"free. They are similar to a tip jar. People make financial contributions as " +"an act of gratitude. These models capitalize on the fact that we are " +"naturally inclined to give money for things we value in the marketplace, " +"even in situations where we could find a way to get it for free." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " "with Creative Commons, anyone who wants the work in question could simply " "wait until it’s created and then access it for free. That means, for this " -"model to work, people have to care about more than just receiving the " -"work. They have to want you to succeed. Amanda Palmer credits the success of " -"her crowdfunding on Kickstarter and Patreon to the years she spent building " -"her community and creating a connection with her fans. She wrote in The Art " -"of Asking, <quote>Good art is made, good art is shared, help is offered, " -"ears are bent, emotions are exchanged, the compost of real, deep connection " -"is sprayed all over the fields. Then one day, the artist steps up and asks " -"for something. And if the ground has been fertilized enough, the audience " -"says, without hesitation: of course.</quote>" +"model to work, people have to care about more than just receiving the work. " +"They have to want you to succeed. Amanda Palmer credits the success of her " +"crowdfunding on Kickstarter and Patreon to the years she spent building her " +"community and creating a connection with her fans. She wrote in The Art of " +"Asking, <quote>Good art is made, good art is shared, help is offered, ears " +"are bent, emotions are exchanged, the compost of real, deep connection is " +"sprayed all over the fields. Then one day, the artist steps up and asks for " +"something. And if the ground has been fertilized enough, the audience says, " +"without hesitation: of course.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " -"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major " -"U.S. libraries to subsidize CC-licensed academic work that will be, by " +"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." +"S. libraries to subsidize CC-licensed academic work that will be, by " "definition, available to everyone for free. Libraries with bigger budgets " "tend to give more out of a sense of commitment to the library community and " "to the idea of open access generally." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3429,7 +3443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3440,7 +3454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3448,7 +3462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3456,20 +3470,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " "more than copyright permissions when they explained how sharing fit into " "what they do. I was thinking about sharing too narrowly, and as a result, I " -"was missing vast swaths of the meaning packed within Creative " -"Commons. Rather than parsing the specific and narrow role of the copyright " -"license in the equation, it is important not to disaggregate the rest of " -"what comes with sharing. You have to widen the lens." +"was missing vast swaths of the meaning packed within Creative Commons. " +"Rather than parsing the specific and narrow role of the copyright license in " +"the equation, it is important not to disaggregate the rest of what comes " +"with sharing. You have to widen the lens." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3484,7 +3498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3493,19 +3507,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3516,14 +3530,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3539,54 +3553,54 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " "Palmer says, <quote>When you’re afraid of someone’s judgment, you can’t " -"connect with them. You’re too preoccupied with the task of impressing " -"them.</quote> Not everyone is suited to live life as an open book like " -"Palmer, and that’s OK. There are a lot of ways to be human. The trick is " -"just avoiding pretense and the temptation to artificially craft an " -"image. People don’t just want the glossy version of you. They can’t relate " -"to it, at least not in a meaningful way." +"connect with them. You’re too preoccupied with the task of impressing them.</" +"quote> Not everyone is suited to live life as an open book like Palmer, and " +"that’s OK. There are a lot of ways to be human. The trick is just avoiding " +"pretense and the temptation to artificially craft an image. People don’t " +"just want the glossy version of you. They can’t relate to it, at least not " +"in a meaningful way." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " "States, corporations are people!). When corporations and organizations make " "the people behind them more apparent, it reminds people that they are " -"dealing with something other than an anonymous corporate entity. In " -"business-speak, this is about <quote>humanizing your interactions</quote> " -"with the public.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But it can’t be a " -"gimmick. You can’t fake being human." +"dealing with something other than an anonymous corporate entity. In business-" +"speak, this is about <quote>humanizing your interactions</quote> with the " +"public.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But it can’t be a gimmick. " +"You can’t fake being human." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3600,90 +3614,90 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " -"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to " -"lowest-common-denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of " -"ideas that cultivates healthy collaboration.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then giving " -"context and explanation about decisions you make, even if soliciting " -"feedback and inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you don’t go through " -"the effort to actually respond to the input you receive, it can be worse " -"than not inviting input in the first place.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/> But when you get it right, it can guarantee the type of diversity " -"of thought that helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people " -"involved and invested in what you do." +"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" +"denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that " +"cultivates healthy collaboration.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then giving context and " +"explanation about decisions you make, even if soliciting feedback and " +"inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you don’t go through the effort to " +"actually respond to the input you receive, it can be worse than not inviting " +"input in the first place.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> But when " +"you get it right, it can guarantee the type of diversity of thought that " +"helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people involved and " +"invested in what you do." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " "relatively introspective human knows this is a fiction—we are much more " -"complicated beings with a whole range of needs, emotions, and " -"motivations. In fact, we are hardwired to work together and ensure " -"fairness.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Being Made with Creative " -"Commons requires an assumption that people will largely act on those social " -"motivations, motivations that would be considered <quote>irrational</quote> " -"in an economic sense. As Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, <quote>It is " -"best to ignore people who try to scare you about free riding. That fear is " -"based on a very shallow view of what motivates human behavior.</quote> There " -"will always be people who will act in purely selfish ways, but endeavors " -"that are Made with Creative Commons design for the good actors." +"complicated beings with a whole range of needs, emotions, and motivations. " +"In fact, we are hardwired to work together and ensure fairness.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Being Made with Creative Commons requires an " +"assumption that people will largely act on those social motivations, " +"motivations that would be considered <quote>irrational</quote> in an " +"economic sense. As Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, <quote>It is best " +"to ignore people who try to scare you about free riding. That fear is based " +"on a very shallow view of what motivates human behavior.</quote> There will " +"always be people who will act in purely selfish ways, but endeavors that are " +"Made with Creative Commons design for the good actors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" -"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a " -"self-fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems " -"that assume people will act in ways that create public goods, and that give " -"them opportunities and rewards for doing so, often let them work together " -"better than neoclassical economics would predict.</quote><placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> When we acknowledge that people are often " -"motivated by something other than financial self-interest, we design our " -"endeavors in ways that encourage and accentuate our social instincts." +"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" +"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " +"assume people will act in ways that create public goods, and that give them " +"opportunities and rewards for doing so, often let them work together better " +"than neoclassical economics would predict.</quote><placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> When we acknowledge that people are often motivated " +"by something other than financial self-interest, we design our endeavors in " +"ways that encourage and accentuate our social instincts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3692,41 +3706,41 @@ msgid "" "to make sure citizens act honestly and responsibly. And it’s impossible for " "any organization to rely on contracts alone to make sure that its managers " "and workers live up to their obligation.</quote> Instead, we largely trust " -"that people—mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to " -"do.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And most often, they do." +"that people—mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to do." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And most often, they do." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 -msgid "" -"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like " -"fans. As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan " -"first.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Even if you happen " -"to be one of the few to reach celebrity levels of fame, you are better off " -"remembering that the people who follow your work are human, too. Cory " -"Doctorow makes a point to answer every single email someone sends him. " -"Amanda Palmer spends vast quantities of time going online to communicate " -"with her public, making a point to listen just as much as she " -"talks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 +msgid "" +"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " +"As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Even if you happen to be one " +"of the few to reach celebrity levels of fame, you are better off remembering " +"that the people who follow your work are human, too. Cory Doctorow makes a " +"point to answer every single email someone sends him. Amanda Palmer spends " +"vast quantities of time going online to communicate with her public, making " +"a point to listen just as much as she talks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3734,39 +3748,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" -"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in " -"kind. It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too " -"easy to destroy them if you make the mistake of treating people as anonymous " +"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " +"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " +"to destroy them if you make the mistake of treating people as anonymous " "customers or free labor.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Platforms " "that rely on content from contributors are especially at risk of creating an " "exploitative dynamic. It is important to find ways to acknowledge and pay " "back the value that contributors generate. That does not mean you can solve " -"this problem by simply paying contributors for their time or " -"contributions. As soon as we introduce money into a relationship—at least " -"when it takes a form of paying monetary value in exchange for other value—it " -"can dramatically change the dynamic.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/>" +"this problem by simply paying contributors for their time or contributions. " +"As soon as we introduce money into a relationship—at least when it takes a " +"form of paying monetary value in exchange for other value—it can " +"dramatically change the dynamic.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3779,7 +3792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3792,57 +3805,57 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " -"you have a sense of purpose that transcends your own " -"self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It attracts " -"committed employees, motivates contributors, and builds trust." +"you have a sense of purpose that transcends your own self-interest." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It attracts committed employees, " +"motivates contributors, and builds trust." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " "create something new, or it may simply be a collection of like-minded people " -"who get to know each other and rally around common interests or " -"beliefs.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> To a certain extent, " -"simply being Made with Creative Commons automatically brings with it some " -"element of community, by helping connect you to like-minded others who " -"recognize and are drawn to the values symbolized by using CC." +"who get to know each other and rally around common interests or beliefs." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> To a certain extent, simply being " +"Made with Creative Commons automatically brings with it some element of " +"community, by helping connect you to like-minded others who recognize and " +"are drawn to the values symbolized by using CC." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3854,90 +3867,90 @@ msgid "" "like Red Hat, that means connecting around common beliefs or goals. As the " "CEO Jim Whitehurst wrote in The Open Organization, <quote>Tapping into " "passion is especially important in building the kinds of participative " -"communities that drive open organizations.</quote><placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"communities that drive open organizations.</quote><placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " "difficult to ensure that people are working in the group’s interest and not " "in their own. And when there’s a lack of trust between the members of the " "group (which isn’t surprising given that they don’t really know each other), " -"considerable energy is wasted trying to determine each other’s bona " -"fides.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Building true " -"community requires giving people within the community the power to create or " -"influence the rules that govern the community.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/> If the rules are created and imposed in a top-down manner, people " -"feel like they don’t have a voice, which in turn leads to disengagement." +"considerable energy is wasted trying to determine each other’s bona fides.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Building true community " +"requires giving people within the community the power to create or influence " +"the rules that govern the community.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/" +"> If the rules are created and imposed in a top-down manner, people feel " +"like they don’t have a voice, which in turn leads to disengagement." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." +"<ulink url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-" +"at-all\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " "defines so much of the so-called sharing economy. In an article on the " "Harvard Business Review website called <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t " "about Sharing at All,</quote> authors Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi " -"explained how the anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most " -"sharing-economy businesses are purely about monetizing access.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As Lisa Gansky put it in her book The Mesh, the " +"explained how the anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most sharing-" +"economy businesses are purely about monetizing access.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As Lisa Gansky put it in her book The Mesh, the " "primary strategy of the sharing economy is to sell the same product multiple " -"times, by selling access rather than ownership.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> That is not sharing." +"times, by selling access rather than ownership.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"1\"/> That is not sharing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " -"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680\"/>." +"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" +"news/technology-35709680\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3946,14 +3959,14 @@ msgid "" "about creating content; it can be about adding value in other ways. The " "social blogging platform Medium provides value to its community by " "incentivizing good behavior, and the result is an online space with " -"remarkably high-quality user-generated content and limited " -"trolling.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opendesk contributes to " -"its community by committing to help its designers make money, in part by " +"remarkably high-quality user-generated content and limited trolling." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opendesk contributes to its " +"community by committing to help its designers make money, in part by " "actively curating and displaying their work on its platform effectively." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3965,48 +3978,49 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " -"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of " -"talent.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But to make collaboration " -"work, the group has to be effective at what it is doing, and the people " -"within the group have to find satisfaction from being involved.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This is easier to facilitate for some types of " +"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But to make collaboration work, " +"the group has to be effective at what it is doing, and the people within the " +"group have to find satisfaction from being involved.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This is easier to facilitate for some types of " "creative work than it is for others. Groups tied together online collaborate " "best when people can work independently and asynchronously, and particularly " "for larger groups with loose ties, when contributors can make simple " -"improvements without a particularly heavy time commitment.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/>" +"improvements without a particularly heavy time commitment.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4014,28 +4028,28 @@ msgid "" "own are immensely valuable in the aggregate. Those same sorts of small " "contributions would be less useful for many other types of creative work, " "and people are inherently less motivated to contribute when it doesn’t " -"appear that their efforts will make much of a difference.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"appear that their efforts will make much of a difference.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " -"truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of " -"circumstances—perhaps more often than not—community cocreation is not part " -"of the equation, even within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky wrote, " +"truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of circumstances—" +"perhaps more often than not—community cocreation is not part of the " +"equation, even within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky wrote, " "<quote>Sometimes the value of professional work trumps the value of amateur " "sharing or a feeling of belonging.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " "The textbook publisher OpenStax, which distributes all of its material for " @@ -4050,19 +4064,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4073,19 +4087,19 @@ msgid "" "it shows a nonterritorial approach to ideas and information. Stephen Covey " "(of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People fame) calls this the abundance " "mentality—treating ideas like something plentiful—and it can create an " -"environment where collaboration flourishes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/>" +"environment where collaboration flourishes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4094,62 +4108,68 @@ msgid "" "Creative Commons can be Wikipedia, but every endeavor can find ways to " "invite the public into what they do. The goal for any form of collaboration " "is to move away from thinking of consumers as passive recipients of your " -"content and transition them into active participants.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"content and transition them into active participants.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " -"for noncommercial purposes so long as attribution is given to the " -"creator. There are six licenses in the CC license suite that build on that " -"basic set of permissions, ranging from the most restrictive (allowing only " -"those basic permissions to share unmodified copies for noncommercial " -"purposes) to the most permissive (reusers can do anything they want with " -"the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they give the creator " -"credit). The licenses are built on copyright and do not cover other types of " -"rights that creators might have in their works, like patents or trademarks." +"for noncommercial purposes so long as attribution is given to the creator. " +"There are six licenses in the CC license suite that build on that basic set " +"of permissions, ranging from the most restrictive (allowing only those basic " +"permissions to share unmodified copies for noncommercial purposes) to the " +"most permissive (reusers can do anything they want with the work, even for " +"commercial purposes, as long as they give the creator credit). The licenses " +"are built on copyright and do not cover other types of rights that creators " +"might have in their works, like patents or trademarks." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " -"original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses " -"offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed " -"materials." +"original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. " +"Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4160,12 +4180,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4173,12 +4193,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4187,12 +4207,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4200,12 +4220,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4214,7 +4234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4222,74 +4242,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " -"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and " -"Attribution-ShareAlike (found in eight studies) were the most common, with " -"the other licenses coming up in four or so case studies, including the " -"public-domain tool CC0. Some of the organizations we profiled offer both " -"digital content and software: by using open-source-software licenses for the " -"software code and Creative Commons licenses for digital content, they " -"amplify their involvement with and commitment to sharing." +"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" +"ShareAlike (found in eight studies) were the most common, with the other " +"licenses coming up in four or so case studies, including the public-domain " +"tool CC0. Some of the organizations we profiled offer both digital content " +"and software: by using open-source-software licenses for the software code " +"and Creative Commons licenses for digital content, they amplify their " +"involvement with and commitment to sharing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " "their work. As we hope this book makes clear, there are many ways to make " "endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons sustainable. Reserving " "commercial rights is only one of those ways. It is certainly true that a " -"license that allows others to make commercial use of your work (CC BY, CC " -"BY-SA, and CC BY-ND) forecloses some traditional revenue streams. If you " -"apply an Attribution (CC BY) license to your book, you can’t force a film " -"company to pay you royalties if they turn your book into a feature-length " -"film, or prevent another company from selling physical copies of your work." +"license that allows others to make commercial use of your work (CC BY, CC BY-" +"SA, and CC BY-ND) forecloses some traditional revenue streams. If you apply " +"an Attribution (CC BY) license to your book, you can’t force a film company " +"to pay you royalties if they turn your book into a feature-length film, or " +"prevent another company from selling physical copies of your work." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " "NonCommercial and NoDerivs licenses are ways of reserving some significant " -"portion of the exclusive bundle of rights that copyright grants to " -"creators. In some cases, reserving those rights is important to how you " -"bring in revenue. In other cases, creators use a NonCommercial or NoDerivs " -"license because they can’t give up on the dream of hitting the creative " -"jackpot. The music platform Tribe of Noise told us the NonCommercial " -"licenses were popular among their users because people still held out the " -"dream of having a major record label discover their work." +"portion of the exclusive bundle of rights that copyright grants to creators. " +"In some cases, reserving those rights is important to how you bring in " +"revenue. In other cases, creators use a NonCommercial or NoDerivs license " +"because they can’t give up on the dream of hitting the creative jackpot. " +"The music platform Tribe of Noise told us the NonCommercial licenses were " +"popular among their users because people still held out the dream of having " +"a major record label discover their work." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4298,7 +4318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4312,26 +4332,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " -"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink " -"url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." +"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/" +"share-your-work/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4343,7 +4363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4353,24 +4373,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4378,24 +4398,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4411,7 +4445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4422,7 +4456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4433,19 +4467,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" -"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design " -"school. He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work " -"and research just disappear. Open-sourcing ensured that Arduino would " -"outlive the Ivrea closure. Persistence is one thing Tom really likes about " -"open source. If key people leave, or a company shuts down, an open-source " -"product lives on. In Tom’s view, <quote>Open sourcing makes it easier to " -"trust a product.</quote>" +"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " +"He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " +"research just disappear. Open-sourcing ensured that Arduino would outlive " +"the Ivrea closure. Persistence is one thing Tom really likes about open " +"source. If key people leave, or a company shuts down, an open-source product " +"lives on. In Tom’s view, <quote>Open sourcing makes it easier to trust a " +"product.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4456,7 +4490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4467,7 +4501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4482,7 +4516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4498,7 +4532,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4509,17 +4543,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " -"business, and all the things needed to successfully run one still " -"apply. David says, <quote>If you do those other things well, sharing things " -"in an open-source way can only help you.</quote>" +"business, and all the things needed to successfully run one still apply. " +"David says, <quote>If you do those other things well, sharing things in an " +"open-source way can only help you.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4533,7 +4567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4546,12 +4580,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4560,19 +4594,19 @@ msgid "" "creating Internet of Things applications, wearables, and 3-D printing. The " "full range of official Arduino products includes boards, modules (a smaller " "form-factor of classic boards), shields (elements that can be plugged onto a " -"board to give it extra features), and kits.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/>" +"board to give it extra features), and kits.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " "success. And being open lets you build a real community. David says " -"Arduino’s community is a big strength and something that really does " -"matter—in his words, <quote>It’s good business.</quote> When they started, " -"the Arduino team had almost entirely no idea how to build a community. They " +"Arduino’s community is a big strength and something that really does matter—" +"in his words, <quote>It’s good business.</quote> When they started, the " +"Arduino team had almost entirely no idea how to build a community. They " "started by conducting numerous workshops, working directly with people using " "the platform to make sure the hardware and software worked the way it was " "meant to work and solved people’s problems. The community grew organically " @@ -4580,7 +4614,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4594,19 +4628,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " -"manufacturers that are allowed to use the Arduino logo on their " -"boards. Trademarking their brand provided the founders with a way to protect " -"Arduino, build it out further, and fund software and tutorial " -"development. The trademark-licensing fee for the brand became Arduino’s " -"revenue-generating model." +"manufacturers that are allowed to use the Arduino logo on their boards. " +"Trademarking their brand provided the founders with a way to protect " +"Arduino, build it out further, and fund software and tutorial development. " +"The trademark-licensing fee for the brand became Arduino’s revenue-" +"generating model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4617,29 +4651,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " "needs to be protected and why. There are lots of good reasons to not open up " "certain elements. This strategy of sharing everything is certainly the " -"complete opposite of how today’s world operates, where nothing is " -"shared. Tom suggests a business formalize which elements are based on open " -"sharing and which are closed. An Arduino blog post from 2013 entitled " -"<quote>Send In the Clones,</quote> by one of the founders Massimo Banzi, " -"does a great job of explaining the full complexities of how trademarking " -"their brand has played out, distinguishing between official boards and those " -"that are clones, derivatives, compatibles, and counterfeits.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"complete opposite of how today’s world operates, where nothing is shared. " +"Tom suggests a business formalize which elements are based on open sharing " +"and which are closed. An Arduino blog post from 2013 entitled <quote>Send In " +"the Clones,</quote> by one of the founders Massimo Banzi, does a great job " +"of explaining the full complexities of how trademarking their brand has " +"played out, distinguishing between official boards and those that are " +"clones, derivatives, compatibles, and counterfeits.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4649,18 +4683,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " "democratization of technology.</quote> Tom sees Arduino’s open-source " "strategy as helping the world get over the idea that technology has to be " -"protected. Tom says, <quote>Technology is a literacy everyone should " -"learn.</quote>" +"protected. Tom says, <quote>Technology is a literacy everyone should learn.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4668,12 +4702,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4681,36 +4715,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4719,25 +4762,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " -"to develop research and online education about rural-development " -"issues. Jorge was a psychologist, also working in online education. Both " -"were bloggers and heavy users of social media, and both had a passion for " -"arts and culture. They decided to take their skills in digital technology " -"and online learning and apply them to a topic area they loved. They launched " +"to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " +"Jorge was a psychologist, also working in online education. Both were " +"bloggers and heavy users of social media, and both had a passion for arts " +"and culture. They decided to take their skills in digital technology and " +"online learning and apply them to a topic area they loved. They launched " "Ártica, an online business that provides education and consulting for people " "and institutions creating artistic and cultural projects on the Internet." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4752,20 +4795,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " "it an <quote>artisan</quote> process because of the time and effort it takes " -"to adapt their work for the particular needs of students and " -"clients. <quote>Each student or client is paying for a specific solution to " -"his or her problems and questions,</quote> Mariana said. Rather than sell " -"access to their content, they provide it for free and charge for the " -"personalized services." +"to adapt their work for the particular needs of students and clients. " +"<quote>Each student or client is paying for a specific solution to his or " +"her problems and questions,</quote> Mariana said. Rather than sell access to " +"their content, they provide it for free and charge for the personalized " +"services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4776,7 +4819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4786,17 +4829,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" -"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific " -"projects. Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project " -"like a new course or e-book, they will go ahead because they believe in " -"it. They take the stance that every new project leads them to something new, " -"every new resource they create opens new doors." +"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " +"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " +"course or e-book, they will go ahead because they believe in it. They take " +"the stance that every new project leads them to something new, every new " +"resource they create opens new doors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4806,14 +4849,14 @@ msgid "" "to be viral,</quote> Jorge said. For them, giving others the right to reuse " "and remix their content is a fundamental value. <quote>How can you offer an " "online educational service without giving permission to download, make and " -"keep copies, or print the educational resources?</quote> Jorge " -"said. <quote>If we want to do the best for our students—those who trust in " -"us to the point that they are willing to pay online without face-to-face " -"contact—we have to offer them a fair and ethical agreement.</quote>" +"keep copies, or print the educational resources?</quote> Jorge said. " +"<quote>If we want to do the best for our students—those who trust in us to " +"the point that they are willing to pay online without face-to-face contact—" +"we have to offer them a fair and ethical agreement.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4823,20 +4866,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" -"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another " -"belief—in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, " -"they spoke of all of the spontaneous and organic ways they find " -"inspiration. <quote>Sometimes, the collaborative process starts with a " -"conversation between us, or with friends from other projects,</quote> Jorge " -"said. <quote>That can be the first step for a new blog post or another " -"simple piece of content, which can evolve to a more complex product in the " -"future, like a course or a book.</quote>" +"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" +"in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " +"spoke of all of the spontaneous and organic ways they find inspiration. " +"<quote>Sometimes, the collaborative process starts with a conversation " +"between us, or with friends from other projects,</quote> Jorge said. " +"<quote>That can be the first step for a new blog post or another simple " +"piece of content, which can evolve to a more complex product in the future, " +"like a course or a book.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4848,17 +4891,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" -"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes " -"more. <quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important " -"to pay attention to people and process, rather than content or specific " -"formats or materials,</quote> Mariana said. <quote>Materials and content " -"are fluid. The important thing is the relationships.</quote>" +"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " +"<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " +"attention to people and process, rather than content or specific formats or " +"materials,</quote> Mariana said. <quote>Materials and content are fluid. " +"The important thing is the relationships.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4866,22 +4909,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " -"very important to take a stand for some things in the cultural " -"sector.</quote> Mariana and Jorge are activists. They defend free culture " -"(the movement promoting the freedom to modify and distribute creative work) " -"and work to demonstrate the intersection between free culture and other " -"social-justice movements. Their efforts to involve people in their work and " -"enable artists and cultural institutions to better use technology are all " -"tied closely to their belief system. Ultimately, what drives their work is " -"a mission to democratize art and culture." +"very important to take a stand for some things in the cultural sector.</" +"quote> Mariana and Jorge are activists. They defend free culture (the " +"movement promoting the freedom to modify and distribute creative work) and " +"work to demonstrate the intersection between free culture and other social-" +"justice movements. Their efforts to involve people in their work and enable " +"artists and cultural institutions to better use technology are all tied " +"closely to their belief system. Ultimately, what drives their work is a " +"mission to democratize art and culture." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4892,17 +4935,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" -"<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge " -"said. <quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is " -"very specific and personal.</quote> Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal " -"at every level. For Mariana and Jorge, success means doing what brings them " +"<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " +"<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " +"specific and personal.</quote> Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal at " +"every level. For Mariana and Jorge, success means doing what brings them " "personal meaning and purpose, and doing it sustainably and collaboratively." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4912,43 +4955,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -4961,7 +5004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -4973,7 +5016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -4982,7 +5025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -4995,7 +5038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5009,18 +5052,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " -"quickly because the community could make fixes and " -"improvements. <quote>Software should be free and open to hack,</quote> " -"Francesco said. <quote>Otherwise, everyone is doing the same thing in the " -"dark for ten years.</quote> Ton set up the Blender Foundation to oversee and " -"steward the software development and maintenance." +"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " +"<quote>Software should be free and open to hack,</quote> Francesco said. " +"<quote>Otherwise, everyone is doing the same thing in the dark for ten years." +"</quote> Ton set up the Blender Foundation to oversee and steward the " +"software development and maintenance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5032,19 +5075,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " "were significant. Francesco said that when their crowdfunding campaign " "succeeded, people were astounded. <quote>The idea that making money was " -"possible by producing CC-licensed material was mind-blowing to " -"people,</quote> he said. <quote>They were like, <quote>I have to see it to " -"believe it.</quote></quote>" +"possible by producing CC-licensed material was mind-blowing to people,</" +"quote> he said. <quote>They were like, <quote>I have to see it to believe " +"it.</quote></quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5054,22 +5097,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " -"complex, combining technical experts and artists who focus on " -"storytelling. Francesco says the process is almost on an industrial scale " -"because of the number of moving parts. This requires a lot of specialized " -"assistance, but the Blender Institute has no problem finding the talent it " -"needs to help on projects. <quote>Blender hardly does any recruiting for " -"film projects because the talent emerges naturally,</quote> Francesco " -"said. <quote>So many people want to work with us, and we can’t always hire " -"them because of budget constraints.</quote>" +"complex, combining technical experts and artists who focus on storytelling. " +"Francesco says the process is almost on an industrial scale because of the " +"number of moving parts. This requires a lot of specialized assistance, but " +"the Blender Institute has no problem finding the talent it needs to help on " +"projects. <quote>Blender hardly does any recruiting for film projects " +"because the talent emerges naturally,</quote> Francesco said. <quote>So many " +"people want to work with us, and we can’t always hire them because of budget " +"constraints.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5081,7 +5124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5092,7 +5135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5109,7 +5152,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5118,7 +5161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5129,16 +5172,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " -"the software and the content produced with the software free and " -"open. Selling a license has never been part of the business model." +"the software and the content produced with the software free and open. " +"Selling a license has never been part of the business model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5150,67 +5193,67 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " -"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a " -"product. We sell it for money. Then we spend less money than we " -"make,</quote> Max said." +"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " +"We sell it for money. Then we spend less money than we make,</quote> Max " +"said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " -"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or " -"fill-in-the-blank statement from a black card, and the other players submit " -"their funniest white card in response. The catch is that all of the cards " -"are filled with crude, gruesome, and otherwise awful things. For the right " -"kind of people (<quote>horrible people,</quote> according to Cards Against " +"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" +"the-blank statement from a black card, and the other players submit their " +"funniest white card in response. The catch is that all of the cards are " +"filled with crude, gruesome, and otherwise awful things. For the right kind " +"of people (<quote>horrible people,</quote> according to Cards Against " "Humanity advertising), this makes for a hilarious and fun game." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5220,7 +5263,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5229,7 +5272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5239,7 +5282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5247,7 +5290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5262,25 +5305,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" -"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over " -"time. Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to " -"make it an ongoing business. <quote>It kind of just happened,</quote> he " -"said." +"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " +"Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " +"it an ongoing business. <quote>It kind of just happened,</quote> he said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" -"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing " -"genius. Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent " -"and memorable. It is hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their " +"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " +"Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " +"memorable. It is hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their " "website <quote>Your dumb questions.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5296,7 +5338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5304,7 +5346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5313,18 +5355,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " -"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the " -"joke.</quote> One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity $5 event, " -"where people literally paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans " -"wanted to make the joke funnier by making it successful. They made $70,000 " -"in a single day." +"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." +"</quote> One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity $5 event, where " +"people literally paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans wanted to " +"make the joke funnier by making it successful. They made $70,000 in a single " +"day." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5332,14 +5374,14 @@ msgid "" "Against Humanity obviously isn’t afraid of doing the unexpected, but there " "are lines even they do not want to cross. Before applying the license, Max " "said they worried that some fans would adapt the game to include all of the " -"jokes they intentionally never made because they crossed that " -"line. <quote>It happened, and the world didn’t end,</quote> Max " -"said. <quote>If that is the worst cost of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred " -"times over because there are so many benefits.</quote>" +"jokes they intentionally never made because they crossed that line. " +"<quote>It happened, and the world didn’t end,</quote> Max said. <quote>If " +"that is the worst cost of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times over " +"because there are so many benefits.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5349,7 +5391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5358,7 +5400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5373,7 +5415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5381,12 +5423,12 @@ msgid "" "eight creators invest an incredible amount of work into creating new cards " "for the game. <quote>We have daylong arguments about commas,</quote> Max " "said. <quote>The slacker tone of the cards gives people the impression that " -"it is easy to write them, but it is actually a lot of work and " -"quibbling.</quote>" +"it is easy to write them, but it is actually a lot of work and quibbling.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5399,17 +5441,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " "the Walt Disney philosophy of financial success. <quote>We don’t make jokes " -"and games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and " -"games,</quote> he said." +"and games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and games,</" +"quote> he said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5420,7 +5462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5430,34 +5472,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" -"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC " -"licensing,</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of " -"money, then CC is not best strategy. This kind of business model, though, " -"speaks to your values, and who you are and why you’re making things.</quote>" +"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," +"</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " +"CC is not best strategy. This kind of business model, though, speaks to your " +"values, and who you are and why you’re making things.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " -"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the " -"Internet. Founded in 2011 in Australia." +"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " +"Founded in 2011 in Australia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5465,24 +5507,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " "Australia. He experienced firsthand the decline of newspapers, including the " -"collapse of revenues, layoffs, and the constant pressure to reduce " -"costs. After he left the Age in 2005, his concern for the future journalism " -"didn’t go away. Andrew made a commitment to come up with an alternative " -"model." +"collapse of revenues, layoffs, and the constant pressure to reduce costs. " +"After he left the Age in 2005, his concern for the future journalism didn’t " +"go away. Andrew made a commitment to come up with an alternative model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5492,29 +5534,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " "astrophysicist, a Nobel laureate, earth scientists, economists . . . These " "were the kind of smart people he wished were more involved in informing the " -"world about what is going on and correcting the errors that appear in " -"media. However, they were reluctant to engage with mass media. Often, " -"journalists didn’t understand what they said, or unilaterally chose what " -"aspect of a story to tell, putting out a version that these people felt was " -"wrong or mischaracterized. Newspapers want to attract a mass " -"audience. Scholars want to communicate serious news, findings, and " -"insights. It’s not a perfect match. Universities are massive repositories of " -"knowledge, research, wisdom, and expertise. But a lot of that stays behind a " -"wall of their own making—there are the walled garden and ivory tower " -"metaphors, and in more literal terms, the paywall. Broadly speaking, " -"universities are part of society but disconnected from it. They are an " -"enormous public resource but not that good at presenting their expertise to " -"the wider public." +"world about what is going on and correcting the errors that appear in media. " +"However, they were reluctant to engage with mass media. Often, journalists " +"didn’t understand what they said, or unilaterally chose what aspect of a " +"story to tell, putting out a version that these people felt was wrong or " +"mischaracterized. Newspapers want to attract a mass audience. Scholars want " +"to communicate serious news, findings, and insights. It’s not a perfect " +"match. Universities are massive repositories of knowledge, research, wisdom, " +"and expertise. But a lot of that stays behind a wall of their own making—" +"there are the walled garden and ivory tower metaphors, and in more literal " +"terms, the paywall. Broadly speaking, universities are part of society but " +"disconnected from it. They are an enormous public resource but not that good " +"at presenting their expertise to the wider public." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5523,13 +5564,13 @@ msgid "" "captions, and quotes. The editors could help turn something that is " "academic into something understandable and readable. And this would be a key " "difference from traditional journalism—the subject matter expert would get a " -"chance to check the article and give final approval before it is " -"published. Compare this with reporters just picking and choosing the quotes " -"and writing whatever they want." +"chance to check the article and give final approval before it is published. " +"Compare this with reporters just picking and choosing the quotes and writing " +"whatever they want." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5543,25 +5584,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " -"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative " -"journalism. The Conversation’s aim is for people to have a better " -"understanding of current affairs and complex issues—and hopefully a better " -"quality of public discourse. The Conversation sees itself as a source of " -"trusted information dedicated to the public good. Their core mission is " -"simple: to provide readers with a reliable source of evidence-based " -"information." +"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " +"The Conversation’s aim is for people to have a better understanding of " +"current affairs and complex issues—and hopefully a better quality of public " +"discourse. The Conversation sees itself as a source of trusted information " +"dedicated to the public good. Their core mission is simple: to provide " +"readers with a reliable source of evidence-based information." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5578,21 +5618,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " "others to republish elsewhere as long as attribution is given and the " "content is not edited. Over five years, more than twenty-two thousand sites " "have republished their content. The Conversation website gets about 2.9 " -"million unique views per month, but through republication they have " -"thirty-five million readers. This couldn’t have been done without the " -"Creative Commons license, and in Andrew’s view, Creative Commons is central " -"to everything the Conversation does." +"million unique views per month, but through republication they have thirty-" +"five million readers. This couldn’t have been done without the Creative " +"Commons license, and in Andrew’s view, Creative Commons is central to " +"everything the Conversation does." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5602,7 +5642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5613,7 +5653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5625,7 +5665,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5636,17 +5676,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " -"website, paying university members are listed as <quote>members and " -"funders.</quote> Early participants may be designated as <quote>founding " -"members,</quote> with seats on the editorial advisory board." +"website, paying university members are listed as <quote>members and funders." +"</quote> Early participants may be designated as <quote>founding members,</" +"quote> with seats on the editorial advisory board." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5658,7 +5698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5668,7 +5708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5676,7 +5716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5686,38 +5726,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" -"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink " -"url=\"http://boingboing.net\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" +"\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5728,7 +5768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5736,7 +5776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5744,12 +5784,11 @@ msgid "" "coeditor of the popular CC-licensed site Boing Boing, where he writes about " "technology, politics, and intellectual property. He has also written several " "nonfiction books, including the most recent Information Doesn’t Want to Be " -"Free, about the ways in which creators can make a living in the Internet " -"age." +"Free, about the ways in which creators can make a living in the Internet age." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5757,7 +5796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5775,7 +5814,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5784,14 +5823,14 @@ msgid "" "lottery tickets because you want to get rich,</quote> he wrote. <quote>It " "might work, but it almost certainly won’t. Though, of course, someone always " "wins the lottery.</quote> He acknowledges that he is one of the lucky few to " -"<quote>make it,</quote> but he says he would be writing no matter " -"what. <quote>I am compelled to write,</quote> he wrote. <quote>Long before " -"I wrote to keep myself fed and sheltered, I was writing to keep myself " -"sane.</quote>" +"<quote>make it,</quote> but he says he would be writing no matter what. " +"<quote>I am compelled to write,</quote> he wrote. <quote>Long before I " +"wrote to keep myself fed and sheltered, I was writing to keep myself sane.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5803,7 +5842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5815,7 +5854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5825,12 +5864,12 @@ msgid "" "relationship between having enthusiastic readers and having a successful " "career as a writer,</quote> he said. <quote>At the time, it took eighty " "hours to OCR a book, which is a big effort. I decided to spare them the time " -"and energy, and give them the book for free in a format destined to " -"spread.</quote>" +"and energy, and give them the book for free in a format destined to spread.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5840,7 +5879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5850,7 +5889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5858,16 +5897,16 @@ msgid "" "they interact with it,</quote> he said. Cory’s own website routinely " "highlights cool things his audience has done with his work. Unlike " "corporations like Disney that tend to have a hands-off relationship with " -"their fan activity, he has a symbiotic relationship with his " -"audience. <quote>Engaging with your audience can’t guarantee you " -"success,</quote> he said. <quote>And Disney is an example of being able to " -"remain aloof and still being the most successful company in the creative " -"industry in history. But I figure my likelihood of being Disney is pretty " -"slim, so I should take all the help I can get.</quote>" +"their fan activity, he has a symbiotic relationship with his audience. " +"<quote>Engaging with your audience can’t guarantee you success,</quote> he " +"said. <quote>And Disney is an example of being able to remain aloof and " +"still being the most successful company in the creative industry in history. " +"But I figure my likelihood of being Disney is pretty slim, so I should take " +"all the help I can get.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5883,7 +5922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5899,20 +5938,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " -"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the " -"practice—for similar reasons. DRM has the effect of tying a work to a " -"particular platform. This digital lock, in turn, strips the authors of " -"control over their own work and hands that control over to the platform. He " -"calls it Cory’s First Law: <quote>Anytime someone puts a lock on something " -"that belongs to you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for " -"your benefit.</quote>" +"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" +"for similar reasons. DRM has the effect of tying a work to a particular " +"platform. This digital lock, in turn, strips the authors of control over " +"their own work and hands that control over to the platform. He calls it " +"Cory’s First Law: <quote>Anytime someone puts a lock on something that " +"belongs to you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for your " +"benefit.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5925,7 +5964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5938,20 +5977,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " "does this is by personally answering every single email he gets. <quote>If " -"you look at the history of artists, most die in penury,</quote> he " -"said. <quote>That reality means that for artists, we have to find ways to " -"support ourselves when public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing. " -"Future-proofing your artistic career in many ways means figuring out how to " -"stay connected to those people who have been touched by your work.</quote>" +"you look at the history of artists, most die in penury,</quote> he said. " +"<quote>That reality means that for artists, we have to find ways to support " +"ourselves when public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing. Future-" +"proofing your artistic career in many ways means figuring out how to stay " +"connected to those people who have been touched by your work.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -5961,17 +6000,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -5979,42 +6018,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " "research. Figshare is a repository where users can make all the output of " -"their research available—from posters and presentations to data sets and " -"code—in a way that’s easy to discover, cite, and share. Users can upload any " +"their research available—from posters and presentations to data sets and code" +"—in a way that’s easy to discover, cite, and share. Users can upload any " "file format, which can then be previewed in a Web browser. Research output " "is disseminated in a way that the current scholarly-publishing model does " "not allow." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6022,7 +6061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6033,7 +6072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6042,7 +6081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6050,7 +6089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6061,26 +6100,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" -"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and " -"open-science communities were already using and recommending Creative " -"Commons. Based on what was happening in those communities and Mark’s " -"dialogue with peers, he went with CC0 (in the public domain) for data sets " -"and CC BY (Attribution) for figures, videos, and data sets." +"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" +"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " +"Based on what was happening in those communities and Mark’s dialogue with " +"peers, he went with CC0 (in the public domain) for data sets and CC BY " +"(Attribution) for figures, videos, and data sets." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " -"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data " -"open. People started commenting on his blog that they wanted to do the " -"same. So he opened it up for them to use, too." +"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " +"People started commenting on his blog that they wanted to do the same. So he " +"opened it up for them to use, too." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6090,7 +6129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6099,7 +6138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6112,7 +6151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6124,23 +6163,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" -"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for " -"journals. Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ " -"online articles. This additional data improved the quality of the " -"articles. Outsourcing this service to Figshare freed publishers from having " -"to develop this functionality as part of their own " -"infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data also provides a link back to the " -"article, generating additional click-through and readership—a benefit to " -"both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides " -"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " -"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " -"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data." +"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " +"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " +"articles. This additional data improved the quality of the articles. " +"Outsourcing this service to Figshare freed publishers from having to develop " +"this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data " +"also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-" +"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and " +"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide " +"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and " +"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons " +"licenses for the data." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6152,7 +6191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6164,7 +6203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6173,12 +6212,12 @@ msgid "" "research accessible to all. Publishing research in this open way has come to " "be called open access. But not all funders specify CC BY; some institutions " "want to offer their researchers a choice, including less permissive licenses " -"like CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial), CC BY-SA " -"(Attribution-ShareAlike), or CC BY-ND (Attribution-NoDerivs)." +"like CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial), CC BY-SA (Attribution-" +"ShareAlike), or CC BY-ND (Attribution-NoDerivs)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6190,7 +6229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6201,67 +6240,67 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" +"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" +"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " -"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other " -"applications. As an example, Mark shared a Figshare data set showing the " -"journal subscriptions that higher-education institutions in the United " -"Kingdom paid to ten major publishers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Figshare’s API enables that data to be pulled into an app " -"developed by a completely different researcher that converts the data into a " -"visually interesting graph, which any viewer can alter by changing any of " -"the variables.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " +"As an example, Mark shared a Figshare data set showing the journal " +"subscriptions that higher-education institutions in the United Kingdom paid " +"to ten major publishers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Figshare’s " +"API enables that data to be pulled into an app developed by a completely " +"different researcher that converts the data into a visually interesting " +"graph, which any viewer can alter by changing any of the variables." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " "Figshare. To amplify and reward the community, Figshare established an " -"Advisor program, providing those who promoted Figshare with hoodies and " -"T-shirts, early access to new features, and travel expenses when they gave " +"Advisor program, providing those who promoted Figshare with hoodies and T-" +"shirts, early access to new features, and travel expenses when they gave " "presentations outside of their area. These Advisors also helped Mark on what " "license to use for software code and whether to offer universities an option " "of using Creative Commons licenses." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " "time has been key to success. Figshare now offers a comprehensive set of " -"services to researchers, publishers, and institutions.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If he had relied solely on revenue from premium " +"services to researchers, publishers, and institutions.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If he had relied solely on revenue from premium " "subscriptions, he believes Figshare would have struggled. In Figshare’s " -"early days, their primary users were early-career and late-career " -"academics. It has only been because funders mandated open licensing that " -"Figshare is now being used by the mainstream." +"early days, their primary users were early-career and late-career academics. " +"It has only been because funders mandated open licensing that Figshare is " +"now being used by the mainstream." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6271,28 +6310,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " "researchers for free. Figshare has publicly stuck to its principles—keeping " -"the free service free and requiring the use of CC BY and CC0 from the " -"start—and from Mark’s perspective, this is why people trust Figshare. Mark " -"sees new competitors coming forward who are just in it for money. If " -"Figshare was only in it for the money, they wouldn’t care about offering a " -"free version. Figshare’s principles and advocacy for openness are a key " -"differentiator. Going forward, Mark sees Figshare not only as supporting " -"open access to research but also enabling people to collaborate and make new " -"discoveries." +"the free service free and requiring the use of CC BY and CC0 from the start—" +"and from Mark’s perspective, this is why people trust Figshare. Mark sees " +"new competitors coming forward who are just in it for money. If Figshare was " +"only in it for the money, they wouldn’t care about offering a free version. " +"Figshare’s principles and advocacy for openness are a key differentiator. " +"Going forward, Mark sees Figshare not only as supporting open access to " +"research but also enabling people to collaborate and make new discoveries." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6300,57 +6338,58 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" +"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " -"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace said there are thousands of " -"valuable and relevant data sets freely available to us right now, but most " -"people don’t use them. She used to think this meant people didn’t care about " -"being informed, but she’s come to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone " -"wants to be informed about issues that matter—not only to them, but also to " -"their families, their communities, their businesses, and their country. But " +"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace said there are thousands of valuable " +"and relevant data sets freely available to us right now, but most people " +"don’t use them. She used to think this meant people didn’t care about being " +"informed, but she’s come to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to " +"be informed about issues that matter—not only to them, but also to their " +"families, their communities, their businesses, and their country. But " "there’s a big difference between availability and accessibility of " "information. Data is spread across thousands of sites and is held within " -"databases and spreadsheets that require both time and skill to engage " -"with. To use data when making a decision, you have to know what specific " -"question to ask, identify a source that has collected the data, and " -"manipulate complex tools to extract and visualize the information within the " -"data set. Lillian established Figure.NZ to make data truly accessible to " -"all, with a specific focus on New Zealand." +"databases and spreadsheets that require both time and skill to engage with. " +"To use data when making a decision, you have to know what specific question " +"to ask, identify a source that has collected the data, and manipulate " +"complex tools to extract and visualize the information within the data set. " +"Lillian established Figure.NZ to make data truly accessible to all, with a " +"specific focus on New Zealand." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6363,7 +6402,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6378,7 +6417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6396,14 +6435,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" +"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6421,7 +6460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6436,7 +6475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6456,7 +6495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6465,7 +6504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6482,7 +6521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6497,12 +6536,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6512,12 +6551,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6526,7 +6565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6535,7 +6574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6549,7 +6588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6561,7 +6600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6570,14 +6609,13 @@ msgid "" "through email for them to share data for a specific topic—for example, can " "you share data for water quality? If they have the data, they respond " "quickly; if they don’t, they try and identify the organizations that would " -"have that data and forge a relationship so they can be included on " -"Figure.NZ’s site. Overall, Figure.NZ is seeking to provide a place for " -"people to be curious about, access, and interpret data on topics they are " -"interested in." +"have that data and forge a relationship so they can be included on Figure." +"NZ’s site. Overall, Figure.NZ is seeking to provide a place for people to be " +"curious about, access, and interpret data on topics they are interested in." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6588,7 +6626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6596,7 +6634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6604,7 +6642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6617,7 +6655,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6626,19 +6664,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " "society. A means of engaging in conversation and shaping decision making " "that transcends personal experience. The long-term value and impact is " "almost impossible to measure, but the goal is to help citizens gain " -"understanding and work together in more informed ways to shape the " -"future.</quote>" +"understanding and work together in more informed ways to shape the future.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6648,42 +6686,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " -"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access " -"books. Founded in 2012 in the UK." +"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " +"Founded in 2012 in the UK." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6700,7 +6739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6709,7 +6748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6718,58 +6757,57 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " "the launch, Frances convinced Bloomsbury to differentiate themselves by " -"putting out monographs for free online under a Creative Commons license " -"(BY-NC or BY-NC-ND, i.e., Attribution-NonCommercial or " -"Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs). This was seen as risky, as the biggest " -"cost for publishers is getting a book to the stage where it can be " -"printed. If everyone read the online book for free, there would be no " -"print-book sales at all, and the costs associated with getting the book to " -"print would be lost. Surprisingly, Bloomsbury found that sales of the print " -"versions of these books were 10 to 20 percent higher than normal. Frances " -"found it intriguing that the Creative Commons–licensed free online book acts " -"as a marketing vehicle for the print format." +"putting out monographs for free online under a Creative Commons license (BY-" +"NC or BY-NC-ND, i.e., Attribution-NonCommercial or Attribution-NonCommercial-" +"NoDerivs). This was seen as risky, as the biggest cost for publishers is " +"getting a book to the stage where it can be printed. If everyone read the " +"online book for free, there would be no print-book sales at all, and the " +"costs associated with getting the book to print would be lost. " +"Surprisingly, Bloomsbury found that sales of the print versions of these " +"books were 10 to 20 percent higher than normal. Frances found it intriguing " +"that the Creative Commons–licensed free online book acts as a marketing " +"vehicle for the print format." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " "printed book, and 3) a digital version of the book on an aggregator platform " -"with enhanced features. She thought of this as the <quote>ice cream " -"model</quote>: the free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an " -"ice cream cone, and the enhanced e-book was an ice cream sundae." +"with enhanced features. She thought of this as the <quote>ice cream model</" +"quote>: the free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an ice " +"cream cone, and the enhanced e-book was an ice cream sundae." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " "ready be printed, in other words, cover the fixed costs of getting to the " "first digital copy? Then you could either bring down the cost of the printed " -"book, or do a whole bunch of interesting things with the printed book and " -"e-book—the ice cream cone or sundae part of the model." +"book, or do a whole bunch of interesting things with the printed book and e-" +"book—the ice cream cone or sundae part of the model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " -"imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs—a " -"<quote>book-processing charge</quote>—and providing everyone in the world " -"with an open-access version of the books released under a Creative Commons " -"license." +"imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs—a <quote>book-" +"processing charge</quote>—and providing everyone in the world with an open-" +"access version of the books released under a Creative Commons license." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6782,35 +6820,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6819,7 +6857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6827,21 +6865,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " -"contribution to the Title Fee and incentivizes membership.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"contribution to the Title Fee and incentivizes membership.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6853,14 +6891,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" +"availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6874,7 +6912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6887,7 +6925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6903,7 +6941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6911,7 +6949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6923,7 +6961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6931,7 +6969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6939,24 +6977,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " -"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 " -"range. Monographs typically don’t sell a lot of copies. A publisher who in " -"the past sold three thousand copies now typically sells only three " -"hundred. That makes unlatching monographs a low risk for publishers. For the " -"first round, it took five months to get thirteen publishers. For the second " -"round, it took one month to get twenty-six." +"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " +"Monographs typically don’t sell a lot of copies. A publisher who in the past " +"sold three thousand copies now typically sells only three hundred. That " +"makes unlatching monographs a low risk for publishers. For the first round, " +"it took five months to get thirteen publishers. For the second round, it " +"took one month to get twenty-six." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 -msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 +msgid "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6964,12 +7003,12 @@ msgid "" "increases their reputation. Open access through unlatching generates many " "more downloads and therefore awareness. (On the Knowledge Unlatched website, " "you can find interviews with the twenty-eight round-one authors describing " -"their experience and the benefits of taking part.)<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"their experience and the benefits of taking part.)<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -6981,7 +7020,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -6991,7 +7030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7005,27 +7044,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" -"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by " -"grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is " -"sustainable. Libraries and publishers will each pay a 7.5 percent service " -"charge that will go toward Knowledge Unlatched’s running costs. With plans " -"to scale up in future rounds, Frances figures they can fully recover costs " -"when they are unlatching two hundred books at a time. Moving forward, " -"Knowledge Unlatched is making investments in technology and " -"processes. Future plans include unlatching journals and older books." +"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " +"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " +"Libraries and publishers will each pay a 7.5 percent service charge that " +"will go toward Knowledge Unlatched’s running costs. With plans to scale up " +"in future rounds, Frances figures they can fully recover costs when they are " +"unlatching two hundred books at a time. Moving forward, Knowledge Unlatched " +"is making investments in technology and processes. Future plans include " +"unlatching journals and older books." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7038,72 +7077,72 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 -msgid "" -"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and " -"education-technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to " -"improving student success, bringing new ideas to pedagogy, and making " -"education more affordable by facilitating adoption of open educational " -"resources. In 2012, David and Kim partnered on a grant-funded project called " -"the Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> It involved a set of fully open general-education courses across " -"eight colleges predominantly serving at-risk students, with goals to " -"dramatically reduce textbook costs and collaborate to improve the courses to " -"help students succeed. David and Kim exceeded those goals: the cost of the " -"required textbooks, replaced with OER, decreased to zero dollars, and " -"average student-success rates improved by 5 to 10 percent when compared with " -"previous years. After a second round of funding, a total of more than " -"twenty-five institutions participated in and benefited from this project. It " -"was career changing for David and Kim to see the impact this initiative had " -"on low-income students. David and Kim sought further funding from the Bill " -"and Melinda Gates Foundation, who asked them to define a plan to scale their " +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 +msgid "" +"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" +"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " +"student success, bringing new ideas to pedagogy, and making education more " +"affordable by facilitating adoption of open educational resources. In 2012, " +"David and Kim partnered on a grant-funded project called the Kaleidoscope " +"Open Course Initiative.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It involved " +"a set of fully open general-education courses across eight colleges " +"predominantly serving at-risk students, with goals to dramatically reduce " +"textbook costs and collaborate to improve the courses to help students " +"succeed. David and Kim exceeded those goals: the cost of the required " +"textbooks, replaced with OER, decreased to zero dollars, and average student-" +"success rates improved by 5 to 10 percent when compared with previous years. " +"After a second round of funding, a total of more than twenty-five " +"institutions participated in and benefited from this project. It was career " +"changing for David and Kim to see the impact this initiative had on low-" +"income students. David and Kim sought further funding from the Bill and " +"Melinda Gates Foundation, who asked them to define a plan to scale their " "work in a financially sustainable way. That is when they decided to create " "Lumen Learning." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7115,7 +7154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7126,7 +7165,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7136,49 +7175,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " "patterns emerged which allowed them to generalize a set of approaches and " "offerings. Today they don’t customize as much as they used to, and instead " -"they tend to work with customers who can use their off-the-shelf " -"options. Lumen finds that institutions and faculty are generally very good " -"at seeing the value Lumen brings and are willing to pay for it. Serving " -"disadvantaged learner populations has led Lumen to be very pragmatic; they " -"describe what they offer in quantitative terms—with facts and figures—and in " -"a way that is very student-focused. Lumen Learning helps colleges and " -"universities—" +"they tend to work with customers who can use their off-the-shelf options. " +"Lumen finds that institutions and faculty are generally very good at seeing " +"the value Lumen brings and are willing to pay for it. Serving disadvantaged " +"learner populations has led Lumen to be very pragmatic; they describe what " +"they offer in quantitative terms—with facts and figures—and in a way that is " +"very student-focused. Lumen Learning helps colleges and universities—" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7188,7 +7226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7198,17 +7236,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " "and assessments, and helps instructors find and support the students who " -"need it most. Waymaker courses cost twenty-five dollars per enrolled " -"student." +"need it most. Waymaker courses cost twenty-five dollars per enrolled student." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7219,7 +7256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7231,13 +7268,13 @@ msgid "" "those who paid. Right from the start, their stance was that they would not " "put their content behind a paywall. Lumen invests zero dollars in " "technologies and processes for restricting access—no digital rights " -"management, no time bombs. While this has been a challenge from a " -"business-model perspective, from an open-access perspective, it has " -"generated immense goodwill in the community." +"management, no time bombs. While this has been a challenge from a business-" +"model perspective, from an open-access perspective, it has generated immense " +"goodwill in the community." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7250,7 +7287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7263,7 +7300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7273,20 +7310,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " -"another. Some are licensed as Attribution (CC BY), others as " -"Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA). If this information is put within the " -"text of the course, faculty members sometimes try to edit it and students " -"find it a distraction. Lumen dealt with this challenge by capturing the " -"license and attribution information as metadata, and getting it to show up " -"at the end of each page." +"another. Some are licensed as Attribution (CC BY), others as Attribution-" +"ShareAlike (CC BY-SA). If this information is put within the text of the " +"course, faculty members sometimes try to edit it and students find it a " +"distraction. Lumen dealt with this challenge by capturing the license and " +"attribution information as metadata, and getting it to show up at the end of " +"each page." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7296,22 +7333,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " "regions of the United States, watching out for things happening at the " "system level in a way that fits with what Lumen offers. A great example is " -"the Virginia community college system, which is building out " -"Z-Degrees. David and Kim say there are nine other U.S. states with similar " -"system-level activity where Lumen is strategically focusing its " -"efforts. Where there are projects that would require a lot of resources on " -"Lumen’s part, they prioritize the ones that would impact the largest number " -"of students." +"the Virginia community college system, which is building out Z-Degrees. " +"David and Kim say there are nine other U.S. states with similar system-level " +"activity where Lumen is strategically focusing its efforts. Where there are " +"projects that would require a lot of resources on Lumen’s part, they " +"prioritize the ones that would impact the largest number of students." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7323,7 +7359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7335,7 +7371,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7346,7 +7382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7359,7 +7395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7370,7 +7406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7379,21 +7415,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " -"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than " -"seventy-five thousand student enrollments. Lumen received early start-up " -"funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Hewlett Foundation, " -"and the Shuttleworth Foundation. Since then, Lumen has also attracted " -"investment funding. Over the last three years, Lumen has been roughly 60 " -"percent grant funded, 20 percent revenue earned, and 20 percent funded with " -"angel capital. Going forward, their strategy is to replace grant funding " -"with revenue." +"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" +"five thousand student enrollments. Lumen received early start-up funding " +"from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Hewlett Foundation, and the " +"Shuttleworth Foundation. Since then, Lumen has also attracted investment " +"funding. Over the last three years, Lumen has been roughly 60 percent grant " +"funded, 20 percent revenue earned, and 20 percent funded with angel capital. " +"Going forward, their strategy is to replace grant funding with revenue." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7405,26 +7440,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" -"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink " -"url=\"http://jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" +"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7432,26 +7467,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" -"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as " -"<quote>hustling</quote>—seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make " -"money. The bulk of his income comes from writing songs under commission for " -"people and companies, but he has a wide variety of income sources. He has " -"supporters on the crowdfunding site Patreon. He gets advertising revenue " -"from YouTube and Bandcamp, where he posts all of his music. He gives paid " -"speaking engagements about creativity and motivation. He has been hired by " -"major conferences to write songs summarizing what speakers have said in the " +"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" +"seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " +"income comes from writing songs under commission for people and companies, " +"but he has a wide variety of income sources. He has supporters on the " +"crowdfunding site Patreon. He gets advertising revenue from YouTube and " +"Bandcamp, where he posts all of his music. He gives paid speaking " +"engagements about creativity and motivation. He has been hired by major " +"conferences to write songs summarizing what speakers have said in the " "conference sessions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7464,7 +7499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7473,7 +7508,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7485,14 +7520,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " "written and posted a new song literally every day, seven days a week, since " "he began the project in 2009. When he isn’t writing songs that he is hired " -"to write by clients, he writes songs about whatever is on his mind that " -"day. His songs are catchy and mostly lighthearted, but they often contain at " +"to write by clients, he writes songs about whatever is on his mind that day. " +"His songs are catchy and mostly lighthearted, but they often contain at " "least an undercurrent of a deeper theme or meaning. Occasionally, they are " "extremely personal, like the song he cowrote with his exgirlfriend " "announcing their breakup. Rain or shine, in sickness or health, Jonathan " @@ -7502,7 +7537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7513,7 +7548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7524,18 +7559,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " "discovered the option. <quote>CC seems like such a no-brainer,</quote> " -"Jonathan said. <quote>I don’t understand how anything else would make " -"sense. It seems like such an obvious thing that you would want your work to " -"be able to be shared.</quote>" +"Jonathan said. <quote>I don’t understand how anything else would make sense. " +"It seems like such an obvious thing that you would want your work to be able " +"to be shared.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7547,17 +7582,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " "build community. <quote>There is all of this conventional wisdom about how " -"to build an audience online, and I generally think I don’t do any of " -"that,</quote> Jonathan said." +"to build an audience online, and I generally think I don’t do any of that,</" +"quote> Jonathan said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7569,21 +7604,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" -"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those " -"skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift " -"for distilling complicated subjects into simple concepts and putting them to " +"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " +"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " +"distilling complicated subjects into simple concepts and putting them to " "music. In his song <quote>How to Choose a Master Password,</quote> Jonathan " -"explained the process of creating a secure password in a silly, simple " -"song. He was hired to write the song by a client who handed him a long " -"technical blog post from which to draw the information. Like a good (and " -"rare) journalist, he translated the technical concepts into something " +"explained the process of creating a secure password in a silly, simple song. " +"He was hired to write the song by a client who handed him a long technical " +"blog post from which to draw the information. Like a good (and rare) " +"journalist, he translated the technical concepts into something " "understandable." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7600,7 +7635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7609,32 +7644,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " "fundamentally does not believe in, and there are times he has turned down " -"jobs on principle. He also won’t stray too much from his natural " -"style. <quote>My style is silly, so I can’t really accommodate people who " -"want something super serious,</quote> Jonathan said. <quote>I do what I do " -"very easily, and it’s part of who I am.</quote> Jonathan hasn’t gotten into " +"jobs on principle. He also won’t stray too much from his natural style. " +"<quote>My style is silly, so I can’t really accommodate people who want " +"something super serious,</quote> Jonathan said. <quote>I do what I do very " +"easily, and it’s part of who I am.</quote> Jonathan hasn’t gotten into " "writing commercials for the same reasons; he is best at using his own unique " "style rather than mimicking others." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" -"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and " -"grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in " -"books like the best-seller The Creative Habit by Twyla Tharp, routinely " -"emphasizes the importance of ritual and action. No amount of planning can " -"replace the value of simple practice and just doing. Jonathan Mann’s work is " -"a living embodiment of these principles." +"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " +"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " +"like the best-seller The Creative Habit by Twyla Tharp, routinely emphasizes " +"the importance of ritual and action. No amount of planning can replace the " +"value of simple practice and just doing. Jonathan Mann’s work is a living " +"embodiment of these principles." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7644,7 +7679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7654,7 +7689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7662,12 +7697,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7675,29 +7710,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7705,7 +7741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7716,7 +7752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7726,7 +7762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7736,48 +7772,47 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" +"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " "launched the Noun Project with a Kickstarter campaign, back when Kickstarter " "was in its infancy.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They thought " -"it’d be a good way to introduce the global web community to their " -"idea. Their goal was to raise $1,500, but in twenty days they got over " -"$14,000. They realized their idea had the potential to be something much " -"bigger." +"it’d be a good way to introduce the global web community to their idea. " +"Their goal was to raise $1,500, but in twenty days they got over $14,000. " +"They realized their idea had the potential to be something much bigger." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " "process he describes as a relatively easy sell. Lots of designers have old " -"drawings just gathering <quote>digital dust</quote> on their hard " -"drives. It’s easy to convince them to finally share them with the world." +"drawings just gathering <quote>digital dust</quote> on their hard drives. " +"It’s easy to convince them to finally share them with the world." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " -"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s " -"quality-review process means that only the best works become part of its " -"collection. They make sure to provide encouraging, constructive feedback " -"whenever they reject a piece of work, which maintains and builds the " -"relationship they have with their global community of designers." +"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" +"review process means that only the best works become part of its collection. " +"They make sure to provide encouraging, constructive feedback whenever they " +"reject a piece of work, which maintains and builds the relationship they " +"have with their global community of designers." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7786,7 +7821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7801,7 +7836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7814,7 +7849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7824,7 +7859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7833,14 +7868,14 @@ msgid "" "users didn’t like these hard-count options. They preferred to try out many " "similar icons to see which worked best before eventually choosing the one " "they wanted to use. So the Noun Project moved to an unlimited model, whereby " -"users have unlimited access to the whole library for a flat monthly " -"fee. This service is called NounPro and costs $9.99 per month. Edward says " -"this model is working well—good for customers, good for creators, and good " -"for the platform." +"users have unlimited access to the whole library for a flat monthly fee. " +"This service is called NounPro and costs $9.99 per month. Edward says this " +"model is working well—good for customers, good for creators, and good for " +"the platform." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7855,15 +7890,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" -"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For " -"one-off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " +"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" +"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " "percent to Noun Project." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7876,12 +7911,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 -msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 +msgid "" +"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7890,7 +7927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7899,7 +7936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7914,7 +7951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7924,7 +7961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -7933,7 +7970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7944,16 +7981,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " -"genuine and has generated a lot of their initial traction and " -"credibility. CC comes with a built-in community of users and fans." +"genuine and has generated a lot of their initial traction and credibility. " +"CC comes with a built-in community of users and fans." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -7965,7 +8002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7974,7 +8011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -7986,7 +8023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -7998,12 +8035,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8011,34 +8048,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" -"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the " -"London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " +"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" +"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " "consulting services, and research. For ODI, Creative Commons licenses are " "central to making their own business model and their customers’ open. CC BY " "(Attribution), CC BY-SA (Attribution-ShareAlike), and CC0 (placed in the " @@ -8047,21 +8084,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" -"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of " -"society. Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight " -"time data from airplane companies helps us plan our travel, data on local " -"housing informs city planning. When this data is not only accurate and " -"timely, but open and accessible, it opens up new possibilities. Open data " -"can be a resource businesses use to build new products and services. It can " -"help governments measure progress, improve efficiency, and target " -"investments. It can help citizens improve their lives by better " -"understanding what is happening around them." +"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " +"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " +"from airplane companies helps us plan our travel, data on local housing " +"informs city planning. When this data is not only accurate and timely, but " +"open and accessible, it opens up new possibilities. Open data can be a " +"resource businesses use to build new products and services. It can help " +"governments measure progress, improve efficiency, and target investments. It " +"can help citizens improve their lives by better understanding what is " +"happening around them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8071,50 +8108,49 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." +"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" -"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " "this way: <quote>There is a whole ecosystem of open—open-source software, " "open government, open-access research—and a whole ecosystem of data. ODI’s " -"work cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they overlap—with open " -"data.</quote> ODI’s particular focus is to show open data’s potential for " -"revenue." +"work cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they overlap—with open data." +"</quote> ODI’s particular focus is to show open data’s potential for revenue." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8124,7 +8160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8134,7 +8170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8144,34 +8180,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " -"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to " -"£100. Members receive a newsletter and related communications and a discount " -"on ODI training courses and the annual summit, and they can display an " -"ODI-supporter badge on their website. Commercial membership is divided into " -"two tiers: small to medium size enterprises and nonprofits at £720 a year, " -"and corporations and government organizations at £2,200 a year. Commercial " +"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " +"Members receive a newsletter and related communications and a discount on " +"ODI training courses and the annual summit, and they can display an ODI-" +"supporter badge on their website. Commercial membership is divided into two " +"tiers: small to medium size enterprises and nonprofits at £720 a year, and " +"corporations and government organizations at £2,200 a year. Commercial " "members have greater opportunities to connect and collaborate, explore the " "benefits of open data, and unlock new business opportunities. (All members " "are listed on their website.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8186,18 +8222,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" -"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more " -"demand. Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship " -"with an organization. The training program is based on a definition of " -"open-data knowledge as applicable to the organization and on the skills " -"needed by their high-level executives, management, and technical staff. The " -"training tends to generate high interest and commitment." +"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " +"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " +"organization. The training program is based on a definition of open-data " +"knowledge as applicable to the organization and on the skills needed by " +"their high-level executives, management, and technical staff. The training " +"tends to generate high interest and commitment." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8207,7 +8243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8218,12 +8254,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 -msgid "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +msgid "" +"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8231,7 +8268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8241,7 +8278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8250,40 +8287,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" -"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United " -"Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors " -"from over fifty countries wanted to learn more about the UK government’s " -"open-data practices and how ODI saw that translating into economic " -"value. They were contracted as a service provider to international " -"governments, which prompted a need to set up international ODI " -"<quote>nodes.</quote>" +"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " +"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " +"fifty countries wanted to learn more about the UK government’s open-data " +"practices and how ODI saw that translating into economic value. They were " +"contracted as a service provider to international governments, which " +"prompted a need to set up international ODI <quote>nodes.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " "but are part of the global network. Each ODI node adopts the charter, a set " "of guiding principles and rules under which ODI operates. They develop and " "deliver training, connect people and businesses through membership and " -"events, and communicate open-data stories from their part of the " -"world. There are twenty-seven different nodes across nineteen countries. ODI " -"nodes are charged a small fee to be part of the network and to use the " -"brand." +"events, and communicate open-data stories from their part of the world. " +"There are twenty-seven different nodes across nineteen countries. ODI nodes " +"are charged a small fee to be part of the network and to use the brand." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" -"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink " -"url=\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" +"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8291,34 +8326,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" -"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community " -"building. Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and " -"start-up programs create an ever-growing network of open-data users and " -"leaders. (In fact, ODI even operates something called an Open Data Leaders " -"Network.) For ODI, community is key to success. They devote significant time " -"and effort to build it, not just online but through face-to-face events." +"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " +"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " +"programs create an ever-growing network of open-data users and leaders. (In " +"fact, ODI even operates something called an Open Data Leaders Network.) For " +"ODI, community is key to success. They devote significant time and effort to " +"build it, not just online but through face-to-face events." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " "of high quality, the organization can earn ODI’s Open Data Certificate, a " "globally recognized mark that signals that their open data is useful, " -"reliable, accessible, discoverable, and supported.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"reliable, accessible, discoverable, and supported.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8327,7 +8362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8336,26 +8371,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " "publications and reports under CC BY or CC BY-SA licenses. ODI’s mission is " -"to connect and equip people around the world so they can innovate with " -"data. Disseminating stories, research, guidance, and code under an open " -"license is essential for achieving that mission. It also demonstrates that " -"it is perfectly possible to generate sustainable revenue streams that do not " -"rely on restrictive licensing of content, data, or code. People pay to have " -"ODI experts provide training to them, not for the content of the training; " +"to connect and equip people around the world so they can innovate with data. " +"Disseminating stories, research, guidance, and code under an open license is " +"essential for achieving that mission. It also demonstrates that it is " +"perfectly possible to generate sustainable revenue streams that do not rely " +"on restrictive licensing of content, data, or code. People pay to have ODI " +"experts provide training to them, not for the content of the training; " "people pay for the advice ODI gives them, not for the methodologies they " "use. Producing open content, data, and source code helps establish " -"credibility and creates leads for the paid services that they " -"offer. According to Jeni, <quote>The biggest lesson we have learned is that " -"it is completely possible to be open, get customers, and make money.</quote>" +"credibility and creates leads for the paid services that they offer. " +"According to Jeni, <quote>The biggest lesson we have learned is that it is " +"completely possible to be open, get customers, and make money.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8363,7 +8398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8372,46 +8407,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8419,31 +8454,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8452,26 +8488,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " "Digital, who had an interest in open licensing. Nick and Joni were exploring " "digital fabrication, and Mint’s interest in open licensing got them to " -"thinking how the open-source world may interact and apply to physical " -"goods. They sought to design something for their client that was also " -"reproducible. As they put it, they decided to <quote>ship the recipe, but " -"not the goods.</quote> They created the design using software, put it under " -"an open license, and had it manufactured locally near the client. This was " -"the start of the idea for Opendesk. The idea for Wikihouse—another open " -"project dedicated to accessible housing for all—started as discussions " -"around the same table. The two projects ultimately went on separate paths, " -"with Wikihouse becoming a nonprofit foundation and Opendesk a for-profit " -"company." +"thinking how the open-source world may interact and apply to physical goods. " +"They sought to design something for their client that was also reproducible. " +"As they put it, they decided to <quote>ship the recipe, but not the goods.</" +"quote> They created the design using software, put it under an open license, " +"and had it manufactured locally near the client. This was the start of the " +"idea for Opendesk. The idea for Wikihouse—another open project dedicated to " +"accessible housing for all—started as discussions around the same table. The " +"two projects ultimately went on separate paths, with Wikihouse becoming a " +"nonprofit foundation and Opendesk a for-profit company." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8480,20 +8515,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " -"model, they began investigating intellectual property and licensing " -"options. It was a thorny space, especially for designs. Just what aspect of " -"a design is copyrightable? What is patentable? How can allowing for digital " -"sharing and distribution be balanced against the designer’s desire to still " -"hold ownership? In the end, they decided there was no need to reinvent the " -"wheel and settled on using Creative Commons." +"model, they began investigating intellectual property and licensing options. " +"It was a thorny space, especially for designs. Just what aspect of a design " +"is copyrightable? What is patentable? How can allowing for digital sharing " +"and distribution be balanced against the designer’s desire to still hold " +"ownership? In the end, they decided there was no need to reinvent the wheel " +"and settled on using Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8503,7 +8538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8511,7 +8546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8521,22 +8556,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " "and Joni called <quote>reputational glow.</quote> And Opendesk does an " -"awesome job profiling the designers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/>" +"awesome job profiling the designers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8545,25 +8579,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " "buy the product from Opendesk, or from a registered maker in Opendesk’s " "network, for on-demand personal fabrication. The network of Opendesk makers " -"currently is made up of those who do digital fabrication using a " -"computer-controlled CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machining device that " -"cuts shapes out of wooden sheets according to the specifications in the " -"design file." +"currently is made up of those who do digital fabrication using a computer-" +"controlled CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machining device that cuts shapes " +"out of wooden sheets according to the specifications in the design file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8571,12 +8604,12 @@ msgid "" "because we built a site where people could write in about their " "capabilities. Building the community by learning from the maker community is " "how we have moved forward.</quote> Opendesk now has relationships with " -"hundreds of makers in countries all around the world.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"hundreds of makers in countries all around the world.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8584,14 +8617,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8599,14 +8632,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8614,23 +8647,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " -"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to " -"third-party sellers who can sell Opendesk products through their own " -"channels—this covers sales and marketing fees for the relevant channel)" +"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" +"party sellers who can sell Opendesk products through their own channels—this " +"covers sales and marketing fees for the relevant channel)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8639,24 +8672,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" -"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8669,34 +8702,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8704,7 +8737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8714,7 +8747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8725,17 +8758,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" -"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open " -"making</quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers " -"get profitable jobs and new customers. You get designer products without the " -"designer price tag, a more social, eco-friendly alternative to " -"mass-production and an affordable way to buy custom-made products.</quote>" +"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" +"quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " +"profitable jobs and new customers. You get designer products without the " +"designer price tag, a more social, eco-friendly alternative to mass-" +"production and an affordable way to buy custom-made products.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8745,12 +8778,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8762,7 +8795,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8772,29 +8805,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8802,28 +8835,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8831,12 +8864,12 @@ msgid "" "replace some of the thorny legal issues. In their business model, Nick and " "Joni are trying to suspend the focus on IP and build an open business model " "that works for all stakeholders—designers, channels, manufacturers, and " -"customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates hangs off " -"<quote>open,</quote> not IP." +"customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates hangs off <quote>open,</" +"quote> not IP." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8846,67 +8879,66 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " -"it, they put ideas out there that get traction and then have faith in " -"people." +"it, they put ideas out there that get traction and then have faith in people." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " -"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement " -"courses. Founded in 2012 in the U.S." +"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " +"Founded in 2012 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, " -"editor-in-chief" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" +"chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " -"Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University in Houston, " -"Texas. Frustrated by the limitations of traditional textbooks and courses, " +"Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University in Houston, Texas. " +"Frustrated by the limitations of traditional textbooks and courses, " "Dr. Baraniuk wanted to provide authors and learners a way to share and " -"freely adapt educational materials such as courses, books, and " -"reports. Today, Connexions (now called OpenStax CNX) is one of the world’s " -"best libraries of customizable educational materials, all licensed with " -"Creative Commons and available to anyone, anywhere, anytime—for free." +"freely adapt educational materials such as courses, books, and reports. " +"Today, Connexions (now called OpenStax CNX) is one of the world’s best " +"libraries of customizable educational materials, all licensed with Creative " +"Commons and available to anyone, anywhere, anytime—for free." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8919,7 +8951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8933,27 +8965,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" +"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " "free for the twenty-five most heavily attended college courses in the " "nation. Today they are fast approaching that number. There is data that " "proves the success of their original hypothesis on how many students they " -"could help and how much money they could help save.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Professionally produced content scales " -"rapidly. All with no sales force!" +"could help and how much money they could help save.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Professionally produced content scales rapidly. All " +"with no sales force!" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8964,7 +8996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8974,7 +9006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8983,22 +9015,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " "calculator they can use to see how much students would save. OpenStax keeps " -"a running list of institutions that have adopted their " -"textbooks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"a running list of institutions that have adopted their textbooks." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9007,20 +9039,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " -"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on " -"philanthropy. They have initially been funded by the William and Flora " -"Hewlett Foundation, the Laura and John Arnold Foundation, the Bill and " -"Melinda Gates Foundation, the 20 Million Minds Foundation, the Maxfield " -"Foundation, the Calvin K. Kazanjian Foundation, and Rice University. To " -"develop additional titles and supporting technology is probably still going " -"to require philanthropic investment." +"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " +"They have initially been funded by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, " +"the Laura and John Arnold Foundation, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, " +"the 20 Million Minds Foundation, the Maxfield Foundation, the Calvin K. " +"Kazanjian Foundation, and Rice University. To develop additional titles and " +"supporting technology is probably still going to require philanthropic " +"investment." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9032,33 +9064,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " -"student engagement. Odigia licenses its learning platform to " -"institutions. Partners like Odigia and WebAssign give a percentage of the " -"revenue they earn back to OpenStax, as mission-support fees. OpenStax has " -"already published revisions of their titles, such as Introduction to " -"Sociology 2e, using these funds." +"student engagement. Odigia licenses its learning platform to institutions. " +"Partners like Odigia and WebAssign give a percentage of the revenue they " +"earn back to OpenStax, as mission-support fees. OpenStax has already " +"published revisions of their titles, such as Introduction to Sociology 2e, " +"using these funds." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" -"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak " -"efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing " -"textbook content, freeing them up from those development costs and letting " -"them focus on what they do best. With OpenStax textbooks available at no " -"cost, they can provide their services at a lower cost—not free, but still " -"saving students money. OpenStax benefits not only by receiving " -"mission-support fees but through free publicity and marketing. OpenStax " -"doesn’t have a sales force; partners are out there showcasing their " -"materials." +"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " +"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " +"freeing them up from those development costs and letting them focus on what " +"they do best. With OpenStax textbooks available at no cost, they can " +"provide their services at a lower cost—not free, but still saving students " +"money. OpenStax benefits not only by receiving mission-support fees but " +"through free publicity and marketing. OpenStax doesn’t have a sales force; " +"partners are out there showcasing their materials." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9068,7 +9099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9080,12 +9111,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " -"Corporation) to provide print versions of their textbooks in the " -"stores. While the overall cost of the textbook is significantly less than a " +"Corporation) to provide print versions of their textbooks in the stores. " +"While the overall cost of the textbook is significantly less than a " "traditional textbook, bookstores can still make a profit on sales. Sometimes " "students take the savings they have from the lower-priced book and use it to " "buy other things in the bookstore. And OpenStax is trying to break the " @@ -9095,7 +9126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9106,7 +9137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9120,7 +9151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9139,31 +9170,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " -"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an " -"up-front fee—OpenStax does not use a royalty model. A best-selling author " -"might make more money under the traditional publishing model, but that is " -"only maybe 5 percent of all authors. From David’s perspective, 95 percent of " -"all authors do better under the OER 2.0 model, as there is no risk to them " -"and they earn all the money up front." +"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" +"front fee—OpenStax does not use a royalty model. A best-selling author might " +"make more money under the traditional publishing model, but that is only " +"maybe 5 percent of all authors. From David’s perspective, 95 percent of all " +"authors do better under the OER 2.0 model, as there is no risk to them and " +"they earn all the money up front." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " "their textbooks in innovative ways without having to ask for permission. It " "frees up the whole market and has been central to OpenStax being able to " -"bring on partners. OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their " -"materials. By enabling frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control " -"and academic freedom." +"bring on partners. OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their materials. " +"By enabling frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control and academic " +"freedom." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9175,35 +9206,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" -"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive " -"results. From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press " -"kit:" +"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " +"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9212,7 +9242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9221,7 +9251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9231,7 +9261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9244,22 +9274,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9268,49 +9298,49 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" +"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" +"swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " -"new ways to sustain her creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/>" +"new ways to sustain her creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " -"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot " -". . . in which the artist can share freely and directly feel the " -"reverberations of their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living " -"doing that.</quote>" +"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " +"in which the artist can share freely and directly feel the reverberations of " +"their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living doing that.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " "digital age is both an exciting and frustrating time for creators. <quote>On " -"the one hand, we have this beautiful shareability,</quote> Amanda " -"said. <quote>On the other, you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering " -"how to make money to buy food so we can make more art.</quote>" +"the one hand, we have this beautiful shareability,</quote> Amanda said. " +"<quote>On the other, you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to " +"make money to buy food so we can make more art.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9326,7 +9356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9339,7 +9369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9353,7 +9383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9367,7 +9397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9375,18 +9405,18 @@ msgid "" "before she discovered Creative Commons. Amanda says the Dresden Dolls used " "to get ten emails per week from fans asking if they could use their music " "for different projects. They said yes to all of the requests, as long as it " -"wasn’t for a completely for-profit venture. At the time, they used a " -"short-form agreement written by Amanda herself. <quote>I made everyone sign " -"that contract so at least I wouldn’t be leaving the band vulnerable to " -"someone later going on and putting our music in a Camel cigarette " -"ad,</quote> Amanda said. Once she discovered Creative Commons, adopting the " -"licenses was an easy decision because it gave them a more formal, " -"standardized way of doing what they had been doing all along. The " -"NonCommercial licenses were a natural fit." +"wasn’t for a completely for-profit venture. At the time, they used a short-" +"form agreement written by Amanda herself. <quote>I made everyone sign that " +"contract so at least I wouldn’t be leaving the band vulnerable to someone " +"later going on and putting our music in a Camel cigarette ad,</quote> Amanda " +"said. Once she discovered Creative Commons, adopting the licenses was an " +"easy decision because it gave them a more formal, standardized way of doing " +"what they had been doing all along. The NonCommercial licenses were a " +"natural fit." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9396,7 +9426,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9408,7 +9438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9416,13 +9446,13 @@ msgid "" "featured fifty concerts at house parties for backers. She spends hours in " "the signing line after shows. It helps that Amanda has the kind of dynamic, " "engaging personality that instantly draws people to her, but a big component " -"of her ability to connect with people is her willingness to " -"listen. <quote>Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto " -"itself,</quote> Amanda wrote." +"of her ability to connect with people is her willingness to listen. " +"<quote>Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto itself,</quote> " +"Amanda wrote." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9434,7 +9464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9445,7 +9475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9457,7 +9487,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9469,7 +9499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9480,7 +9510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9492,7 +9522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9507,66 +9537,67 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " -"experience in forty years on this planet has pointed me to an obvious " -"truth—that connection with human beings feels so much better and more " -"fulfilling than approaching art through a capitalist lens. There is no more " -"satisfying end goal than having someone tell you that what you do is " -"genuinely of value to them.</quote>" +"experience in forty years on this planet has pointed me to an obvious truth—" +"that connection with human beings feels so much better and more fulfilling " +"than approaching art through a capitalist lens. There is no more satisfying " +"end goal than having someone tell you that what you do is genuinely of value " +"to them.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " -"provided them. For Amanda, art is not just a product; it’s a " -"relationship. Viewed from this lens, what Amanda does today is not that " -"different from what she did as a young street performer. She shares her " -"music and other artistic gifts. She shares herself. And then rather than " -"forcing people to help her, she lets them." +"provided them. For Amanda, art is not just a product; it’s a relationship. " +"Viewed from this lens, what Amanda does today is not that different from " +"what she did as a young street performer. She shares her music and other " +"artistic gifts. She shares herself. And then rather than forcing people to " +"help her, she lets them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " -"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the " -"U.S." +"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." +"S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9576,13 +9607,13 @@ msgid "" "petition, most did not follow through. In August 2001, Patrick and Michael " "announced that they would start their own nonprofit publishing operation to " "do just what the petition promised. With start-up grant support from the " -"Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, PLOS was launched to provide new " -"open-access journals for biomedicine, with research articles being released " -"under Attribution (CC BY) licenses." +"Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, PLOS was launched to provide new open-" +"access journals for biomedicine, with research articles being released under " +"Attribution (CC BY) licenses." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9596,7 +9627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9610,7 +9641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9624,7 +9655,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9638,28 +9669,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " "that collectively recovers costs. For PLOS’s journals in biology, medicine, " "genetics, computational biology, neglected tropical diseases, and pathogens, " -"the article-processing charge ranges from $2,250 to " -"$2,900. Article-publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal started in 2006, " -"are just under $1,500." +"the article-processing charge ranges from $2,250 to $2,900. Article-" +"publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal started in 2006, are just under " +"$1,500." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" -"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to " -"publication. Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for " -"individuals and institutions to help authors who can’t afford the " -"article-processing charges." +"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " +"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " +"institutions to help authors who can’t afford the article-processing charges." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9668,27 +9698,27 @@ msgid "" "for managing access control are necessary. They spend millions of dollars on " "access-control systems, staff to manage them, and sales staff. With PLOS’s " "open-access publishing, there’s no need for these massive expenses; the " -"articles are free, open, and accessible to all upon " -"publication. Additionally, traditional publishers tend to spend more on " -"marketing to libraries, who ultimately pay the subscription fees. PLOS " -"provides a better service for authors by promoting their research directly " -"to the research community and giving the authors exposure. And this " -"encourages other authors to submit their work for publication." +"articles are free, open, and accessible to all upon publication. " +"Additionally, traditional publishers tend to spend more on marketing to " +"libraries, who ultimately pay the subscription fees. PLOS provides a better " +"service for authors by promoting their research directly to the research " +"community and giving the authors exposure. And this encourages other authors " +"to submit their work for publication." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" -"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC " -"BY). This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content " -"and provides a safe way for researchers to make their work available while " +"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " +"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " +"provides a safe way for researchers to make their work available while " "ensuring they get recognition (appropriate attribution). For PLOS, all of " "this aligns with how they think research content should be published and " "disseminated." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9696,7 +9726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9707,7 +9737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9716,7 +9746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9727,7 +9757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9737,7 +9767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9761,7 +9791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9769,7 +9799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9778,7 +9808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9792,7 +9822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9801,7 +9831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9819,7 +9849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9831,17 +9861,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9850,14 +9880,14 @@ msgid "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It also offers something called Article-Level " "Metrics, which helps users assess research most relevant to the field " "itself, based on indicators like usage, citations, social bookmarking and " -"dissemination activity, media and blog coverage, discussions, and " -"ratings.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Louise believes that the " -"journal model could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive user " +"dissemination activity, media and blog coverage, discussions, and ratings." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Louise believes that the journal " +"model could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive user " "experience, including a way for readers to communicate with authors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9869,7 +9899,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9881,7 +9911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9889,24 +9919,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" -"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and " -"history. Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" +"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " +"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9914,19 +9944,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9943,7 +9973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9959,7 +9989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9970,28 +10000,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " -"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As an online portal to museum collections all " -"across Europe, Europeana had become an important online platform. In October " -"2010 Creative Commons released CC0 and its public-domain mark as tools " -"people could use to identify works as free of known copyright. Europeana was " -"the first major adopter, using CC0 to release metadata about their " -"collection and the public domain mark for millions of digital works in their " +"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As an online portal to museum collections all across " +"Europe, Europeana had become an important online platform. In October 2010 " +"Creative Commons released CC0 and its public-domain mark as tools people " +"could use to identify works as free of known copyright. Europeana was the " +"first major adopter, using CC0 to release metadata about their collection " +"and the public domain mark for millions of digital works in their " "collection. Lizzy says the Rijksmuseum initially found this change in " "business practice a bit scary, but at the same time it stimulated even more " "discussion on whether the Rijksmuseum should follow suit." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10005,7 +10035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10020,37 +10050,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " -"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for " -"free. Digitization still cost money, however; they decided to define " -"discrete digitization projects and find sponsors willing to fund each " -"project. This turned out to be a successful strategy, generating high " -"interest from sponsors and lower administrative effort for the " -"Rijksmuseum. They started out making 150,000 high-quality images of their " -"collection available, with the goal to eventually have the entire collection " -"online." +"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " +"Digitization still cost money, however; they decided to define discrete " +"digitization projects and find sponsors willing to fund each project. This " +"turned out to be a successful strategy, generating high interest from " +"sponsors and lower administrative effort for the Rijksmuseum. They started " +"out making 150,000 high-quality images of their collection available, with " +"the goal to eventually have the entire collection online." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" -"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of " -"poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of " -"Vermeer’s Milkmaid, for example, is downloaded two to three thousand times a " -"month. On the Internet, images from a source like the Rijksmuseum are more " -"trusted, and releasing them with a Creative Commons CC0 means they can " -"easily be found in other platforms. For example, Rijksmuseum images are now " -"used in thousands of Wikipedia articles, receiving ten to eleven million " -"views per month. This extends Rijksmuseum’s reach far beyond the scope of " -"its website. Sharing these images online creates what Lizzy calls the " -"<quote>Mona Lisa effect,</quote> where a work of art becomes so famous that " -"people want to see it in real life by visiting the actual museum." +"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" +"quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " +"Milkmaid, for example, is downloaded two to three thousand times a month. On " +"the Internet, images from a source like the Rijksmuseum are more trusted, " +"and releasing them with a Creative Commons CC0 means they can easily be " +"found in other platforms. For example, Rijksmuseum images are now used in " +"thousands of Wikipedia articles, receiving ten to eleven million views per " +"month. This extends Rijksmuseum’s reach far beyond the scope of its website. " +"Sharing these images online creates what Lizzy calls the <quote>Mona Lisa " +"effect,</quote> where a work of art becomes so famous that people want to " +"see it in real life by visiting the actual museum." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10061,7 +10090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10076,12 +10105,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10092,7 +10121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10105,7 +10134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10114,12 +10143,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " -"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the " -"Rijksstudio. The answer was that contemporary artists’ works are still bound " -"by copyright. The Rijksmuseum does encourage contemporary artists to use a " +"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " +"The answer was that contemporary artists’ works are still bound by " +"copyright. The Rijksmuseum does encourage contemporary artists to use a " "Creative Commons license for their works, usually a CC BY-SA license " "(Attribution-ShareAlike), or a CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial) if they " "want to preclude commercial use. That way, their works can be made available " @@ -10127,62 +10156,62 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" +"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " -"Rembrandt was commercial, making his livelihood from selling his " -"paintings. The Rijksmuseum encourages entrepreneurial commercial use of the " -"images in Rijksstudio. They’ve even partnered with the DIY marketplace Etsy " -"to inspire people to sell their creations. One great example you can find on " +"Rembrandt was commercial, making his livelihood from selling his paintings. " +"The Rijksmuseum encourages entrepreneurial commercial use of the images in " +"Rijksstudio. They’ve even partnered with the DIY marketplace Etsy to " +"inspire people to sell their creations. One great example you can find on " "Etsy is a kimono designed by Angie Johnson, who used an image of an " "elaborate cabinet along with an oil painting by Jan Asselijn called The " "Threatened Swan.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " -"the 2015 award: <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2015\"/>" +"the 2015 award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-" +"award-2015\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" +"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " "id=\"0\"/> With the call to action Make Your Own Masterpiece, the " "competition invites the public to use Rijksstudio images to make new " "creative designs. A jury of renowned designers and curators selects ten " -"finalists and three winners. The final award comes with a prize of " -"€10,000. The second edition in 2015 attracted a staggering 892 top-class " -"entries. Some award winners end up with their work sold through the " -"Rijksmuseum store, such as the 2014 entry featuring makeup based on a " -"specific color scheme of a work of art.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/> The Rijksmuseum has been thrilled with the results. Entries " -"range from the fun to the weird to the inspirational. The third " -"international edition of the Rijksstudio Award started in September 2016." +"finalists and three winners. The final award comes with a prize of €10,000. " +"The second edition in 2015 attracted a staggering 892 top-class entries. " +"Some award winners end up with their work sold through the Rijksmuseum " +"store, such as the 2014 entry featuring makeup based on a specific color " +"scheme of a work of art.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> The " +"Rijksmuseum has been thrilled with the results. Entries range from the fun " +"to the weird to the inspirational. The third international edition of the " +"Rijksstudio Award started in September 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10190,7 +10219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10201,7 +10230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10216,7 +10245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10236,41 +10265,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 -msgid "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 +msgid "" +"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10283,7 +10313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10292,37 +10322,36 @@ msgid "" "the real sharing economy like open-source software, participatory budgeting " "(where citizens decide how a public budget is spent), cooperatives, and " "more. He wrote, <quote>It’s not so much that collaborative consumption is " -"dead, it’s more that it risks dying as it gets absorbed by the " -"<quote>Borg.</quote></quote>" +"dead, it’s more that it risks dying as it gets absorbed by the <quote>Borg.</" +"quote></quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " "around had they chosen differently. <quote>We would have gotten another type " -"of audience, but it would have spelled the end of us,</quote> he " -"said. <quote>We are a small, mission-driven organization. We would never " -"have been able to weather the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting " -"now.</quote>" +"of audience, but it would have spelled the end of us,</quote> he said. " +"<quote>We are a small, mission-driven organization. We would never have been " +"able to weather the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " "because it happens to align with a project or interest they have. But " "choosing principles over the possibility of riding the coattails of the " -"major corporate players in the sharing space saved Shareable’s " -"credibility. Although they became detached from the corporate sharing " -"economy, the online magazine became the voice of the <quote>real sharing " -"economy</quote> and continued to grow their audience." +"major corporate players in the sharing space saved Shareable’s credibility. " +"Although they became detached from the corporate sharing economy, the online " +"magazine became the voice of the <quote>real sharing economy</quote> and " +"continued to grow their audience." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10335,7 +10364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10348,39 +10377,39 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " -"are a priority for us, we really want to go deep and control the " -"quality,</quote> Neal said. The rest of the content is either contributed by " -"guest writers, often for free, or written by other publications from their " -"network of content publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post Growth " -"Alliance, which facilitates the sharing of content and audiences among a " -"large and growing group of mostly nonprofits. Each organization gets a " -"chance to present stories to the group, and the organizations can use and " -"promote each other’s stories. Much of the content created by the network is " -"licensed with Creative Commons." +"are a priority for us, we really want to go deep and control the quality,</" +"quote> Neal said. The rest of the content is either contributed by guest " +"writers, often for free, or written by other publications from their network " +"of content publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post Growth Alliance, " +"which facilitates the sharing of content and audiences among a large and " +"growing group of mostly nonprofits. Each organization gets a chance to " +"present stories to the group, and the organizations can use and promote each " +"other’s stories. Much of the content created by the network is licensed " +"with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " "given to Shareable. Creative Commons licensing is aligned with Shareable’s " "vision, mission, and identity. That alone explains the organization’s " "embrace of the licenses for their content, but Neal also believes CC " -"licensing helps them increase their reach. <quote>By using CC " -"licensing,</quote> he said, <quote>we realized we could reach far more " -"people through a formal and informal network of republishers or " -"affiliates. That has definitely been the case. It’s hard for us to measure " -"the reach of other media properties, but most of the outlets who republish " -"our work have much bigger audiences than we do.</quote>" +"licensing helps them increase their reach. <quote>By using CC licensing,</" +"quote> he said, <quote>we realized we could reach far more people through a " +"formal and informal network of republishers or affiliates. That has " +"definitely been the case. It’s hard for us to measure the reach of other " +"media properties, but most of the outlets who republish our work have much " +"bigger audiences than we do.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10392,7 +10421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10401,7 +10430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10413,7 +10442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10427,19 +10456,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " -"spectacularly. They called in their advisers in a panic and asked for " -"help. The advice they received was simple—<quote>Sit your ass in a chair and " -"start making calls.</quote> That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up " +"spectacularly. They called in their advisers in a panic and asked for help. " +"The advice they received was simple—<quote>Sit your ass in a chair and start " +"making calls.</quote> That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up " "reaching their $50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach new " "people, but the vast majority of backers were people in their existing base." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10449,14 +10478,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " -"far more people if they helped their readers to host their own " -"events. <quote>If we wanted to go big on a conference, there was a huge risk " -"and huge staffing needs, plus only a fraction of our community could travel " -"to the event,</quote> Neal said. Enabling others to create their own events " +"far more people if they helped their readers to host their own events. " +"<quote>If we wanted to go big on a conference, there was a huge risk and " +"huge staffing needs, plus only a fraction of our community could travel to " +"the event,</quote> Neal said. Enabling others to create their own events " "around the globe allowed them to scale up their work more effectively and " "reach far more people. Shareable has catalyzed three hundred different " "events reaching over twenty thousand people since implementing this strategy " @@ -10467,21 +10496,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " -"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a " -"one-size-fits-all approach, Shareable puts the tools out there for people " -"take the ideas and adapt them to their own communities." +"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" +"size-fits-all approach, Shareable puts the tools out there for people take " +"the ideas and adapt them to their own communities." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10489,29 +10518,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10521,7 +10550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10530,7 +10559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10540,12 +10569,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10557,7 +10586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10567,7 +10596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10576,12 +10605,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10593,7 +10622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10603,7 +10632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10612,19 +10641,19 @@ msgid "" "standard practice in education to copy diagrams and snippets of text, but of " "course this doesn’t always comply with copyright law. Another concern is " "transparency. Sharing what you’ve authored means everyone can see it and " -"opens you up to criticism. To alleviate these concerns, Mark adopted a " -"team-based approach to authoring and insisted the curricula be based " -"entirely on resources with Creative Commons licenses, thereby ensuring they " -"were safe to share and free from legal repercussions." +"opens you up to criticism. To alleviate these concerns, Mark adopted a team-" +"based approach to authoring and insisted the curricula be based entirely on " +"resources with Creative Commons licenses, thereby ensuring they were safe to " +"share and free from legal repercussions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10636,7 +10665,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10645,7 +10674,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10656,7 +10685,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10667,7 +10696,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10678,7 +10707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10692,7 +10721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10701,7 +10730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10712,7 +10741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10724,7 +10753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10735,7 +10764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10744,7 +10773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10755,10 +10784,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" -"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale " -"up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " +"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " +"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " "directly. Schools can subscribe on a per-student, per-subject basis. A " "single subscription gives a learner access to a single subject, including " "practice content from every grade available for that subject. Lower " @@ -10768,7 +10797,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10779,7 +10808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10789,12 +10818,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10804,7 +10833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10816,7 +10845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10827,20 +10856,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " "the government. Siyavula initially tried to convince the government to " "provide them with five rand per book (about US35¢). With those funds, Mark " -"says that Siyavula could have run its entire operation, built a " -"community-based model for producing more books, and provide Intelligent " -"Practice for free to every child in the country. But after a lengthy " -"negotiation, the government said no." +"says that Siyavula could have run its entire operation, built a community-" +"based model for producing more books, and provide Intelligent Practice for " +"free to every child in the country. But after a lengthy negotiation, the " +"government said no." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10852,7 +10881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10862,7 +10891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10875,16 +10904,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " -"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The " -"government-announced policy that there would be only one textbook per " -"subject turned out to be highly contentious and is in limbo." +"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" +"announced policy that there would be only one textbook per subject turned " +"out to be highly contentious and is in limbo." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10894,57 +10923,58 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " "Siyavula, including stipulations that content always be put under an open " "license and that they can’t charge for something that people volunteered to " "do for them. They believe each individual should have access to the " -"resources and support they need to achieve the education they " -"deserve. Having educational resources openly licensed with Creative Commons " -"means they can fulfill their social mission, on top of which they can build " +"resources and support they need to achieve the education they deserve. " +"Having educational resources openly licensed with Creative Commons means " +"they can fulfill their social mission, on top of which they can build " "revenue-generating services to sustain the ongoing operation of Siyavula. In " "terms of open business models, Mark and Siyavula may have been around the " "block a few times, but both he and the company are stronger for it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" -"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open " -"hardware. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." +"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " +"Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10954,7 +10984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -10963,7 +10993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10974,7 +11004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -10986,7 +11016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -10995,7 +11025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11007,32 +11037,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " "code works; there is a service number to call; they ship replacement parts " -"the day they get a service call. They invest heavily in service and " -"support. <quote>I don’t believe businesses should be competing with IP " -"[intellectual property] barriers,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>This is the " -"stuff they should be competing on.</quote>" +"the day they get a service call. They invest heavily in service and support. " +"<quote>I don’t believe businesses should be competing with IP [intellectual " +"property] barriers,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>This is the stuff they " +"should be competing on.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " "there was a void in the market. <quote>If you wanted to place an order for " "something,</quote> he said, <quote>you first had to search far and wide to " "find it, and then you had to call or fax someone.</quote> In 2003, during " -"his third year of college, he registered <ulink " -"url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/> and started reselling products out of his " -"bedroom. After he graduated, he started making and selling his own products." +"his third year of college, he registered <ulink url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/" +"> and started reselling products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he " +"started making and selling his own products." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11043,7 +11073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11054,27 +11084,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " -"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping " -"parts. Because SparkFun has always been dedicated to enabling others to " -"re-create and fix their products on their own, the more recent focus on " -"introducing young people to technology is a natural extension of their core " -"business." +"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " +"Because SparkFun has always been dedicated to enabling others to re-create " +"and fix their products on their own, the more recent focus on introducing " +"young people to technology is a natural extension of their core business." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " -"lives of three hundred and fifty thousand high school students by " -"2020.</quote>" +"lives of three hundred and fifty thousand high school students by 2020.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11087,7 +11116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11099,7 +11128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11115,7 +11144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11127,7 +11156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11137,7 +11166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11146,12 +11175,12 @@ msgid "" "company. SparkFun regularly sifts through suggestions from customers and " "tries to build on them where they can. <quote>From the beginning, we have " "been listening to the community,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Customers " -"would identify a pain point, and we would design something to address " -"it.</quote>" +"would identify a pain point, and we would design something to address it.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11164,7 +11193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11176,7 +11205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11191,51 +11220,51 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " -"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the " -"U.S." +"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." +"S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " -"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by " -"advertising. Corporations pay to have their logos appear on the educational " -"materials TeachAIDS distributes." +"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " +"Corporations pay to have their logos appear on the educational materials " +"TeachAIDS distributes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11250,28 +11279,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " -"research she was doing while pursuing her doctorate at Stanford " -"University. She was reading reports about India, noting it would be the next " -"hot zone of people living with HIV. Despite international and national " -"entities pouring in hundreds of millions of dollars on HIV-prevention " -"efforts, the reports showed knowledge levels were still low. People were " -"unaware of whether the virus could be transmitted through coughing and " -"sneezing, for instance. Supported by an interdisciplinary team of experts at " -"Stanford, Piya conducted similar studies, which corroborated the previous " -"research. They found that the primary cause of the limited understanding was " -"that HIV, and issues relating to it, were often considered too taboo to " -"discuss comprehensively. The other major problem was that most of the " -"education on this topic was being taught through television advertising, " -"billboards, and other mass-media campaigns, which meant people were only " -"receiving bits and pieces of information." +"research she was doing while pursuing her doctorate at Stanford University. " +"She was reading reports about India, noting it would be the next hot zone of " +"people living with HIV. Despite international and national entities pouring " +"in hundreds of millions of dollars on HIV-prevention efforts, the reports " +"showed knowledge levels were still low. People were unaware of whether the " +"virus could be transmitted through coughing and sneezing, for instance. " +"Supported by an interdisciplinary team of experts at Stanford, Piya " +"conducted similar studies, which corroborated the previous research. They " +"found that the primary cause of the limited understanding was that HIV, and " +"issues relating to it, were often considered too taboo to discuss " +"comprehensively. The other major problem was that most of the education on " +"this topic was being taught through television advertising, billboards, and " +"other mass-media campaigns, which meant people were only receiving bits and " +"pieces of information." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11285,7 +11314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11293,7 +11322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11301,27 +11330,27 @@ msgid "" "Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND), which essentially " "gives the public the right to distribute only verbatim copies of the " "content, and for noncommercial purposes. <quote>We wanted attribution for " -"TeachAIDS, and we couldn’t stand by derivatives without vetting " -"them,</quote> the cofounder and chair Shuman Ghosemajumder said. <quote>It " -"was almost a no-brainer to go with a CC license because it was a " -"plug-and-play solution to this exact problem. It has allowed us to scale our " -"materials safely and quickly worldwide while preserving our content and " -"protecting us at the same time.</quote>" +"TeachAIDS, and we couldn’t stand by derivatives without vetting them,</" +"quote> the cofounder and chair Shuman Ghosemajumder said. <quote>It was " +"almost a no-brainer to go with a CC license because it was a plug-and-play " +"solution to this exact problem. It has allowed us to scale our materials " +"safely and quickly worldwide while preserving our content and protecting us " +"at the same time.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " "content. The organization invests heavily in research and testing to " -"determine the best method of conveying the information. <quote>Creating " -"high-quality content is what matters most to us,</quote> Piya " -"said. <quote>Research drives everything we do.</quote>" +"determine the best method of conveying the information. <quote>Creating high-" +"quality content is what matters most to us,</quote> Piya said. " +"<quote>Research drives everything we do.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11332,7 +11361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11348,7 +11377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11356,16 +11385,16 @@ msgid "" "using paid translators. For quality control, TeachAIDS has three separate " "volunteer teams translate the materials from English to the local language " "and customize the content based on local customs and norms. Those three " -"versions are then analyzed and combined into a single master " -"translation. TeachAIDS has additional teams of volunteers then translate " -"that version back into English to see how well it lines up with the original " -"materials. They repeat this process until they reach a translated version " -"that meets their standards. For the Tibetan version, they went through this " -"cycle eleven times." +"versions are then analyzed and combined into a single master translation. " +"TeachAIDS has additional teams of volunteers then translate that version " +"back into English to see how well it lines up with the original materials. " +"They repeat this process until they reach a translated version that meets " +"their standards. For the Tibetan version, they went through this cycle " +"eleven times." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11385,22 +11414,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " -"organization is able to reduce costs by relying heavily on volunteers and " -"in-kind donations. Nevertheless, the nonprofit needed a sustainable revenue " +"organization is able to reduce costs by relying heavily on volunteers and in-" +"kind donations. Nevertheless, the nonprofit needed a sustainable revenue " "model to subsidize content creation and physical distribution of the " -"materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an " -"option. <quote>Educators from various nonprofits around the world were just " -"creating their own materials using whatever they could find for free " -"online,</quote> Shuman said. <quote>The only way to persuade them to use our " -"highly effective model was to make it completely free.</quote>" +"materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an option. " +"<quote>Educators from various nonprofits around the world were just creating " +"their own materials using whatever they could find for free online,</quote> " +"Shuman said. <quote>The only way to persuade them to use our highly " +"effective model was to make it completely free.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11413,19 +11442,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " "the nonprofit. This gives the nonprofit more stability, but even more " "importantly, it enables them to subsidize projects being localized for an " "area with no sponsors. <quote>If we just created versions based on where we " -"could get sponsorships, we would only have materials for wealthier " -"countries,</quote> Shuman said." +"could get sponsorships, we would only have materials for wealthier countries," +"</quote> Shuman said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11440,7 +11469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11451,23 +11480,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" -"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " -"education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins " -"the work; it motivates the funders. The CC license on the materials they " -"create furthers that mission, allowing them to safely and quickly scale " -"their materials worldwide. <quote>The Creative Commons license has been a " -"game changer for TeachAIDS,</quote> Piya said." +"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" +"—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " +"it motivates the funders. The CC license on the materials they create " +"furthers that mission, allowing them to safely and quickly scale their " +"materials worldwide. <quote>The Creative Commons license has been a game " +"changer for TeachAIDS,</quote> Piya said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11475,48 +11504,47 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " "online business. He also coauthored a number of workbooks for small- to " -"medium-size enterprises to use to optimize their business for the " -"Web. Through this early work, Hessel became familiar with the principles of " -"open licensing, including the use of open-source software and Creative " -"Commons." +"medium-size enterprises to use to optimize their business for the Web. " +"Through this early work, Hessel became familiar with the principles of open " +"licensing, including the use of open-source software and Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " -"licensing music tracks. All they could find was standard, cold " -"stock-music. They thought of looking up websites where you could license " -"music directly from the musician without going through record labels or " -"agents. But in 2005, the ability to directly license music from a rights " -"holder was not readily available." +"licensing music tracks. All they could find was standard, cold stock-music. " +"They thought of looking up websites where you could license music directly " +"from the musician without going through record labels or agents. But in " +"2005, the ability to directly license music from a rights holder was not " +"readily available." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11528,7 +11556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11538,7 +11566,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11548,25 +11576,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " -"with Creative Commons that they could use. Stores need quality, " -"good-listening music but not necessarily hits, a bit like a radio show " -"without the DJ. This opened a new opportunity for Tribe of Noise. They " -"started their In-store Music Service, using music (licensed with CC BY-SA) " -"uploaded by the Tribe of Noise community of musicians.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"with Creative Commons that they could use. Stores need quality, good-" +"listening music but not necessarily hits, a bit like a radio show without " +"the DJ. This opened a new opportunity for Tribe of Noise. They started their " +"In-store Music Service, using music (licensed with CC BY-SA) uploaded by the " +"Tribe of Noise community of musicians.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11587,7 +11615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11602,23 +11630,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " "share is 42.5 percent. It’s not uncommon in a traditional model for the " "artist to get only 5 to 10 percent, so a share of over 40 percent is a " -"significantly better deal. Here’s how they give an example on their " -"website:" +"significantly better deal. Here’s how they give an example on their website:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11626,24 +11653,24 @@ msgid "" "contains 350 songs so the musician’s share is 5/350 = 1.43%. The license fee " "agreed with this retailer is US$12 per month per play-out. So if 42.5% is " "shared with the Tribe musicians in this playlist and your share is 1.43%, " -"you end up with US$12 * 1000 stores * 0.425 * 0.0143 = US$73 per " -"month.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"you end up with US$12 * 1000 stores * 0.425 * 0.0143 = US$73 per month." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " "Commons gets them and the way it lets them reach out to others to share and " "remix. However, they had a bit of a mental struggle with Creative Commons " "licenses being perpetual. A lot of musicians have the mind-set that one day " -"one of their songs may become an overnight hit. If that happened the CC " -"BY-SA license would preclude them getting rich off the sale of that song." +"one of their songs may become an overnight hit. If that happened the CC BY-" +"SA license would preclude them getting rich off the sale of that song." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11656,17 +11683,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " -"the name of the creator; they just license the song for a specific " -"amount. This is a big plus for media makers. And musicians can pull their " +"the name of the creator; they just license the song for a specific amount. " +"This is a big plus for media makers. And musicians can pull their " "repertoire at any time. Hessel sees this as a more direct and clean deal." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11675,17 +11702,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" -"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to " -"work. With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing " -"economy, the community area of Tribe of Noise is where they can build trust, " -"create exposure, and generate money. And after that, musicians may become " -"more interested in exploring other models like Tribe of Noise Pro." +"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " +"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " +"community area of Tribe of Noise is where they can build trust, create " +"exposure, and generate money. And after that, musicians may become more " +"interested in exploring other models like Tribe of Noise Pro." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11698,33 +11725,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " "specifies what they want, and any member can submit a song. Contests usually " "involve prizes, exposure, and money. In addition to building member " "engagement, contests help members learn how to work with clients: listening " -"to them, understanding what they want, and creating a song to meet that " -"need." +"to them, understanding what they want, and creating a song to meet that need." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " "from music labels and publishers, having gone through the traditional way of " -"music licensing and now seeing if this new model makes sense for " -"them. Others are young musicians, who grew up with a DIY mentality and see " -"little reason to sign with a third party or hand over some of the " -"control. Still a small but growing group of Tribe members are pursuing a " -"hybrid model by licensing some of their songs under CC BY-SA and opting in " -"others with collecting societies like ASCAP or BMI." +"music licensing and now seeing if this new model makes sense for them. " +"Others are young musicians, who grew up with a DIY mentality and see little " +"reason to sign with a third party or hand over some of the control. Still a " +"small but growing group of Tribe members are pursuing a hybrid model by " +"licensing some of their songs under CC BY-SA and opting in others with " +"collecting societies like ASCAP or BMI." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11742,93 +11768,93 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " "translated into all languages really helps build that trust. Tribe of Noise " "believes in creating a model where they work together with musicians. They " "can only do that if they have a live and kicking community, with people who " -"think that the Tribe of Noise team has their best interests in " -"mind. Creative Commons makes it possible to create a new business model for " -"music, a model that’s based on trust." +"think that the Tribe of Noise team has their best interests in mind. " +"Creative Commons makes it possible to create a new business model for music, " +"a model that’s based on trust." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " -"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the " -"articles. All of the content is available for free to anyone online. All of " -"the content is released under a Creative Commons license that enables people " -"to reuse and adapt it for any purpose." +"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " +"All of the content is available for free to anyone online. All of the " +"content is released under a Creative Commons license that enables people to " +"reuse and adapt it for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " -"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what " -"else?—the Wikipedia article about Wikipedia." +"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" +"the Wikipedia article about Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " "sites like Wikidata and Wikimedia Commons. The foundation employs about two " -"hundred and eighty people, who all work to support the projects it " -"hosts. But the true heart of Wikipedia and its sister projects is its " -"community. The numbers of people in the community are variable, but about " -"seventy-five thousand volunteers edit and improve Wikipedia articles every " -"month. Volunteers are organized in a variety of ways across the globe, " -"including formal Wikimedia chapters (mostly national), groups focused on a " -"particular theme, user groups, and many thousands who are not connected to a " -"particular organization." +"hundred and eighty people, who all work to support the projects it hosts. " +"But the true heart of Wikipedia and its sister projects is its community. " +"The numbers of people in the community are variable, but about seventy-five " +"thousand volunteers edit and improve Wikipedia articles every month. " +"Volunteers are organized in a variety of ways across the globe, including " +"formal Wikimedia chapters (mostly national), groups focused on a particular " +"theme, user groups, and many thousands who are not connected to a particular " +"organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11837,7 +11863,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11848,7 +11874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11862,7 +11888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11877,15 +11903,15 @@ msgid "" "areas, talk pages explaining decisions, and much, much more. The Wikimedia " "Foundation’s decision to leave governance of the projects to the community " "is very deliberate. <quote>We look at the things that the community can do " -"well, and we want to let them do those things,</quote> Stephen told " -"us. Instead, the foundation focuses its time and resources on what the " -"community cannot do as effectively, like the software engineering that " -"supports the technical infrastructure of the sites. In 2015-16, about half " -"of the foundation’s budget went to direct support for the Wikimedia sites." +"well, and we want to let them do those things,</quote> Stephen told us. " +"Instead, the foundation focuses its time and resources on what the community " +"cannot do as effectively, like the software engineering that supports the " +"technical infrastructure of the sites. In 2015-16, about half of the " +"foundation’s budget went to direct support for the Wikimedia sites." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11902,7 +11928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11916,14 +11942,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" +"mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11931,20 +11957,19 @@ msgid "" "every given topic—it is also a global patchwork of humans working together " "in a million different ways, in a million different capacities, for a " "million different reasons. While many have tried to guess what makes " -"Wikipedia work as well it does, the fact is there is no single " -"explanation. <quote>In a movement as large as ours, there is an incredible " -"diversity of motivations,</quote> Stephen said. For example, there is one " -"editor of the English Wikipedia edition who has corrected a single " -"grammatical error in articles more than forty-eight thousand " -"times.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Only a fraction of Wikipedia " -"users are also editors. But editing is not the only way to contribute to " -"Wikipedia. <quote>Some donate text, some donate images, some donate " -"financially,</quote> Stephen told us. <quote>They are all " -"contributors.</quote>" +"Wikipedia work as well it does, the fact is there is no single explanation. " +"<quote>In a movement as large as ours, there is an incredible diversity of " +"motivations,</quote> Stephen said. For example, there is one editor of the " +"English Wikipedia edition who has corrected a single grammatical error in " +"articles more than forty-eight thousand times.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> Only a fraction of Wikipedia users are also editors. But editing " +"is not the only way to contribute to Wikipedia. <quote>Some donate text, " +"some donate images, some donate financially,</quote> Stephen told us. " +"<quote>They are all contributors.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11956,19 +11981,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " "Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United " "States. They engage in extensive user testing and research to maximize the " "reach of their fund-raising campaigns. Their basic fund-raising message is " -"simple: We provide our readers and the world immense value, so give " -"back. Every little bit helps. With enough eyeballs, they are right." +"simple: We provide our readers and the world immense value, so give back. " +"Every little bit helps. With enough eyeballs, they are right." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11980,7 +12005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11989,7 +12014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -11998,22 +12023,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " -"but it is missing the digital equivalent of parks and open public " -"spaces,</quote> Stephen said. <quote>Wikipedia has found a way to be that " -"open public space.</quote>" +"but it is missing the digital equivalent of parks and open public spaces,</" +"quote> Stephen said. <quote>Wikipedia has found a way to be that open " +"public space.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12021,139 +12046,138 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " -"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf\"/> (licensed " -"under CC BY-NC-SA)." +"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" +"\"http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf\"/> (licensed under " +"CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" -"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open " -"Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> " -"(licensed under CC BY-SA)." +"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " +"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" +"WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licensed under CC BY-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " -"Collaborative, 2016. <ulink " -"url=\"http://thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." +"Collaborative, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-" +"transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" -"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the " -"Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." +"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " +"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " -"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through " -"Commons-Based Alternatives. A report on a Commons Strategies Group Workshop " -"in cooperation with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin, Germany, 2015. " -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://bollier.org/democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-pdf\"/>. " -"For more information, see <ulink " -"url=\"http://bollier.org/blog/democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>." +"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" +"Based Alternatives. A report on a Commons Strategies Group Workshop in " +"cooperation with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin, Germany, 2015. " +"<ulink url=\"http://bollier.org/democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-" +"pdf\"/>. For more information, see <ulink url=\"http://bollier.org/blog/" +"democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " "(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italy: City of Bologna, " -"2014). <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." +"2014). <ulink url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-" +"Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-" +"regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12161,46 +12185,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " -"url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." +"url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/" +">." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " -"of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink " -"url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-Knowledge\"/> (licensed under CC " -"BY-NC-ND)." +"of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-" +"Knowledge\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" -"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan " -"Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014." +"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " +"New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12208,151 +12232,151 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " -"2009. <ulink " -"url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." +"2009. <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" -"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared " -"Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." +"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " +"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" -"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " -"eds. Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." +"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " +"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" -"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. " -"Strandburg. <quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in " -"Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." +"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " +"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " +"and Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" -"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being " -"Creative. New York: Workman, 2012." +"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " +"New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " -"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680\"/>" +"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" +"news/technology-35709680\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12360,7 +12384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12368,51 +12392,51 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " -"book is available at <ulink " -"url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design\"/>." +"book is available at <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/value-" +"proposition-design\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " -"the Results? The Hague, Netherlands: Europeana Foundation, 2014. <ulink " -"url=\"http://pro.europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum\"/> " +"the Results? The Hague, Netherlands: Europeana Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" +"\"http://pro.europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum\"/> " "(licensed under CC BY-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " -"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.academia.edu/27143172/The_City_as_Commons_a_Policy_Reader\"/> " -"(licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." +"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." +"academia.edu/27143172/The_City_as_Commons_a_Policy_Reader\"/> (licensed " +"under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " -"Media, 2001. See esp. <quote>The Magic Cauldron.</quote> <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." +"Media, 2001. See esp. <quote>The Magic Cauldron.</quote> <ulink url=\"http://" +"www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12420,7 +12444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12428,73 +12452,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 -msgid "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 +msgid "" +"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" -"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing " -"Economy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." +"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " +"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12502,59 +12527,59 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " "with Creative Commons Netherlands; Premsela, the Netherlands Institute for " -"Design and Fashion; and the Waag Society, 2011. <ulink " -"url=\"http://opendesignnow.org\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." +"Design and Fashion; and the Waag Society, 2011. <ulink url=\"http://" +"opendesignnow.org\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " -"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink " -"url=\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." +"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" +"\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " -"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC " -"BY-NC-ND)." +"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" +"NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" -"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and " -"Performance. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." +"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " +"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12564,7 +12589,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12572,7 +12597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12582,16 +12607,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " -"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter " -"co-editors who read early drafts of our work and provided invaluable " -"feedback. Heartfelt thanks to all of you." +"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" +"editors who read early drafts of our work and provided invaluable feedback. " +"Heartfelt thanks to all of you." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12640,7 +12665,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -12726,33 +12751,33 @@ msgid "" "Mcconville, David Mikula, David Nelson, David Orban, David Parry, David " "Spira, David T. Kindler, David Varnes, David Wiley, David Wormley, Deborah " "Nas, Denis Jean, dennis straub, Dennis Whittle, Denver Gingerich, Derek " -"Slater, Devon Cooke, Diana Pasek-Atkinson, Diane Johnston Graves, Diane " -"K. Kovacs, Diane Trout, Diderik van Wingerden, Diego Cuevas, Diego De La " -"Cruz, Dimitrie Grigorescu, Dina Marie Rodriguez, Dinah Fabela, Dirk Haun, " -"Dirk Kiefer, Dirk Loop, DJ Fusion - FuseBox Radio Broadcast, Dom jurkewitz, " -"Dom Lane, Domi Enders, Domingo Gallardo, Dominic de Haas, Dominique " -"Karadjian, Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, Doug Fitzpatrick, " -"Doug Hoover, Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, " -"Dr. Braddlee, Drew Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan Field, E C " -"Humphries, Eamon Caddigan, Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden Spodek, Eduardo " -"Belinchon, Eduardo Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, Ejnar Brendsdal, " -"Elad Wieder, Elar Haljas, Elena Valhalla, Eli Doran, Elias Bouchi, Elie " -"Calhoun, Elizabeth Holloway, Ellen Buecher, Ellen Kaye- Cheveldayoff, Elli " -"Verhulst, Elroy Fernandes, Emery Hurst Mikel, Emily Catedral, Enrique " -"Mandujano R., Eric Astor, Eric Axelrod, Eric Celeste, Eric Finkenbiner, Eric " -"Hellman, Eric Steuer, Erica Fletcher, Erik Hedman, Erik Lindholm Bundgaard, " -"Erika Reid, Erin Hawley, Erin McKean of Wordnik, Ernest Risner, Erwan " -"Bousse, Erwin Bell, Ethan Celery, Étienne Gilli, Eugeen Sablin, Evan " -"Tangman, Evonne Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio Natali, Fauxton " -"Software, Felix Deierlein, Felix Gebauer, Felix Maximiliano Obes, Felix " -"Schmidt, Felix Zephyr Hsiao, Ferdies Food Lab, Fernand Deschambault, Filipe " -"Rodrigues, Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, fiona.mac.uk, Floor Scheffer, " -"Florent Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian Schneider, Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot " -"Games, Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-Portillo, Francois Dechery, Francois " -"Grey, François Gros, François Pelletier, Fred Benenson, Frédéric Abella, " -"Frédéric Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, Fumi Yamazaki, Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel " -"Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, Gal Buki, Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, " -"Gary Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de Broucker, Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de " +"Slater, Devon Cooke, Diana Pasek-Atkinson, Diane Johnston Graves, Diane K. " +"Kovacs, Diane Trout, Diderik van Wingerden, Diego Cuevas, Diego De La Cruz, " +"Dimitrie Grigorescu, Dina Marie Rodriguez, Dinah Fabela, Dirk Haun, Dirk " +"Kiefer, Dirk Loop, DJ Fusion - FuseBox Radio Broadcast, Dom jurkewitz, Dom " +"Lane, Domi Enders, Domingo Gallardo, Dominic de Haas, Dominique Karadjian, " +"Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, Doug Fitzpatrick, Doug Hoover, " +"Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, Dr. Braddlee, Drew " +"Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan Field, E C Humphries, Eamon " +"Caddigan, Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden Spodek, Eduardo Belinchon, Eduardo " +"Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, Ejnar Brendsdal, Elad Wieder, Elar " +"Haljas, Elena Valhalla, Eli Doran, Elias Bouchi, Elie Calhoun, Elizabeth " +"Holloway, Ellen Buecher, Ellen Kaye- Cheveldayoff, Elli Verhulst, Elroy " +"Fernandes, Emery Hurst Mikel, Emily Catedral, Enrique Mandujano R., Eric " +"Astor, Eric Axelrod, Eric Celeste, Eric Finkenbiner, Eric Hellman, Eric " +"Steuer, Erica Fletcher, Erik Hedman, Erik Lindholm Bundgaard, Erika Reid, " +"Erin Hawley, Erin McKean of Wordnik, Ernest Risner, Erwan Bousse, Erwin " +"Bell, Ethan Celery, Étienne Gilli, Eugeen Sablin, Evan Tangman, Evonne " +"Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio Natali, Fauxton Software, Felix " +"Deierlein, Felix Gebauer, Felix Maximiliano Obes, Felix Schmidt, Felix " +"Zephyr Hsiao, Ferdies Food Lab, Fernand Deschambault, Filipe Rodrigues, " +"Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, fiona.mac.uk, Floor Scheffer, Florent " +"Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian Schneider, Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot Games, " +"Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-Portillo, Francois Dechery, Francois Grey, " +"François Gros, François Pelletier, Fred Benenson, Frédéric Abella, Frédéric " +"Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, Fumi Yamazaki, Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel Staples, " +"Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, Gal Buki, Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, Gary " +"Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de Broucker, Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de " "Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, Geoff Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George " "Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, George Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, " "Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil Stendig, Gino Cingolani Trucco, " @@ -12777,126 +12802,125 @@ msgid "" "James Chesky, James Cloos, James Docherty, James Ellars, James K Wood, James " "Tyler, Jamie Finlay, Jamie Stevens, Jamil Khatib, Jan E Ellison, Jan Gondol, " "Jan Sepp, Jan Zuppinger, Jane Finette, jane Lofton, Jane Mason, Jane Park, " -"Janos Kovacs, Jasmina Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu, Jason Cole, Jason " -"E. Barkeloo, Jason Hibbets, Jason Owen, Jason Sigal, Jay M Williams, Jazzy " -"Bear Brown, JC Lara, Jean-Baptiste Carré, Jean-Philippe Dufraigne, " -"Jean-Philippe Turcotte, Jean-Yves Hemlin, Jeanette Frey, Jeff Atwood, Jeff " -"De Cagna, Jeff Donoghue, Jeff Edwards, Jeff Hilnbrand, Jeff Lowe, Jeff " -"Rasalla, Jeff Ski Kinsey, Jeff Smith, Jeffrey L Tucker, Jeffrey Meyer, Jen " -"Garcia, Jens Erat, Jeppe Bager Skjerning, Jeremy Dudet, Jeremy Russell, " -"Jeremy Sabo, Jeremy Zauder, Jerko Grubisic, Jerome Glacken, Jérôme Mizeret, " -"Jessica Dickinson Goodman, Jessica Litman, Jessica Mackay, Jessy Kate " -"Schingler, Jesús Longás Gamarra, Jesus Marin, Jim Matt, Jim Meloy, Jim " -"O’Flaherty, Jim Pellegrini, Jim Tittsler, Jimmy Alenius, Jiří Marek, Jo " -"Allum, Joachim Brandon LeBlanc, Joachim Pileborg, Joachim von Goetz, Joakim " -"Bang Larsen, Joan Rieu, Joanna Penn, João Almeida, Jochen Muetsch, Jodi " -"Sandfort, Joe Cardillo, Joe Carpita, Joe Moross, Joerg Fricke, Johan Adda, " -"Johan Meeusen, Johannes Förstner, Johannes Visintini, John Benfield, John " -"Bevan, John C Patterson, John Crumrine, John Dimatos, John Feyler, John " -"Huntsman, John Manoogian III, John Muller, John Ober, John Paul Blodgett, " -"John Pearce, John Shale, John Sharp, John Simpson, John Sumser, John Weeks, " -"John Wilbanks, John Worland, Johnny Mayall, Jollean Matsen, Jon Alberdi, Jon " -"Andersen, Jon Cohrs, Jon Gotlin, Jon Schull, Jon Selmer Friborg, Jon Smith, " -"Jonas Öberg, Jonas Weitzmann, Jonathan Campbell, Jonathan Deamer, Jonathan " -"Holst, Jonathan Lin, Jonathan Schmid, Jonathan Yao, Jordon Kalilich, Jörg " -"Schwarz, Jose Antonio Gallego Vázquez, Joseph Mcarthur, Joseph Noll, Joseph " -"Sullivan, Joseph Tucker, Josh Bernhard, Josh Tong, Joshua Tobkin, JP " -"Rangaswami, Juan Carlos Belair, Juan Irming, Juan Pablo Carbajal, Juan Pablo " -"Marin Diaz, Judith Newman, Judy Tuan, Jukka Hellén, Julia Benson-Slaughter, " -"Julia Devonshire, Julian Fietkau, Julie Harboe, Julien Brossoit, Julien " -"Leroy, Juliet Chen, Julio Terra, Julius Mikkelä, Justin Christian, Justin " -"Grimes, Justin Jones, Justin Szlasa, Justin Walsh, JustinChung.com, K. J. " -"Przybylski, Kaloyan Raev, Kamil Śliwowski, Kaniska Padhi, Kara Malenfant, " -"Kara Monroe, Karen Pe, Karl Jahn, Karl Jonsson, Karl Nelson, Kasia " -"Zygmuntowicz, Kat Lim, Kate Chapman, Kate Stewart, Kathleen Beck, Kathleen " -"Hanrahan, Kathryn Abuzzahab, Kathryn Deiss, Kathryn Rose, Kathy Payne, Katie " -"Lynn Daniels, Katie Meek, Katie Teague, Katrina Hennessy, Katriona Main, " -"Kavan Antani, Keith Adams, Keith Berndtson, MD, Keith Luebke, Kellie " -"Higginbottom, Ken Friis Larsen, Ken Haase, Ken Torbeck, Kendel Ratley, " -"Kendra Byrne, Kerry Hicks, Kevin Brown, Kevin Coates, Kevin Flynn, Kevin " -"Rumon, Kevin Shannon, Kevin Taylor, Kevin Tostado, Kewhyun Kelly-Yuoh, Kiane " -"l’Azin, Kianosh Pourian, Kiran Kadekoppa, Kit Walsh, Klaus Mickus, Konrad " -"Rennert, Kris Kasianovitz, Kristian Lundquist, Kristin Buxton, Kristina " -"Popova, Kristofer Bratt, Kristoffer Steen, Kumar McMillan, Kurt Whittemore, " -"Kyle Pinches, Kyle Simpson, L Eaton, Lalo Martins, Lane Rasberry, Larry " -"Garfield, Larry Singer, Lars Josephsen, Lars Klaeboe, Laura Anne Brown, " -"Laura Billings, Laura Ferejohn, Lauren Pedersen, Laurence Gonsalves, Laurent " -"Muchacho, Laurie Racine, Laurie Reynolds, Lawrence M. 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Rebelsky, " +"Samuel Goëta, Samuel Hauser, Samuel Landete, Samuel Oliveira Cersosimo, " +"Samuel Tait, Sandra Fauconnier, Sandra Markus, Sandy Bjar, Sandy ONeil, Sang-" +"Phil Ju, Sanjay Basu, Santiago Garcia, Sara Armstrong, Sara Lucca, Sara " +"Rodriguez Marin, Sarah Brand, Sarah Cove, Sarah Curran, Sarah Gold, Sarah " +"McGovern, Sarah Smith, Sarinee Achavanuntakul, Sasha Moss, Sasha VanHoven, " +"Saul Gasca, Scott Abbott, Scott Akerman, Scott Beattie, Scott Bruinooge, " +"Scott Conroy, Scott Gillespie, Scott Williams, Sean Anderson, Sean Johnson, " +"Sean Lim, Sean Wickett, Seb Schmoller, Sebastiaan Bekker, Sebastiaan ter " +"Burg, Sebastian Makowiecki, Sebastian Meyer, Sebastian Schweizer, Sebastian " +"Sigloch, Sebastien Huchet, Seokwon Yang, Sergey Chernyshev, Sergey Storchay, " +"Sergio Cardoso, Seth Drebitko, Seth Gover, Seth Lepore, Shannon Turner, " +"Sharon Clapp, Shauna Redmond, Shawn Gaston, Shawn Martin, Shay Knohl, Shelby " +"Hatfield, Sheldon (Vila) Widuch, Sheona Thomson, Si Jie, Sicco van Sas, " +"Siena Oristaglio, Simon Glover, Simon John King, Simon Klose, Simon Law, " +"Simon Linder, Simon Moffitt, Solomon Kahn, Solomon Simon, Soujanna Sarkar, " +"Stanislav Trifonov, Stefan Dumont, Stefan Jansson, Stefan Langer, Stefan " +"Lindblad, Stefano Guidotti, Stefano Luzardi, Stephan Meißl, Stéphane " +"Wojewoda, Stephanie Pereira, Stephen Gates, Stephen Murphey, Stephen Pearce, " +"Stephen Rose, Stephen Suen, Stephen Walli, Stevan Matheson, Steve Battle, " +"Steve Fisches, Steve Fitzhugh, Steve Guen-gerich, Steve Ingram, Steve Kroy, " +"Steve Midgley, Steve Rhine, Steven Kasprzyk, Steven Knudsen, Steven Melvin, " +"Stig-Jørund B. Ö. Arnesen, Stuart Drewer, Stuart Maxwell, Stuart Reich, " +"Subhendu Ghosh, Sujal Shah, Sune Bøegh, Susan Chun, Susan R Grossman, Suzie " +"Wiley, Sven Fielitz, Swan/Starts, Sylvain Carle, Sylvain Chery, Sylvia " +"Green, Sylvia van Bruggen, Szabolcs Berecz, T. L. Mason, Tanbir Baeg, Tanya " +"Hart, Tara Tiger Brown, Tara Westover, Tarmo Toikkanen, Tasha Turner " +"Lennhoff, Tathagat Varma, Ted Timmons, Tej Dhawan, Teresa Gonczy, Terry " +"Hook, Theis Madsen, Theo M. Scholl, Theresa Bernardo, Thibault Badenas, " +"Thomas Bacig, Thomas Boehnlein, Thomas Bøvith, Thomas Chang, Thomas Hartman, " +"Thomas Kent, Thomas Morgan, Thomas Philipp-Edmonds, Thomas Thrush, Thomas " +"Werkmeister, Tieg Zaharia, Tieu Thuy Nguyen, Tim Chambers, Tim Cook, Tim " +"Evers, Tim Nichols, Tim Stahmer, Timothée Planté, Timothy Arfsten, Timothy " +"Hinchliff, Timothy Vollmer, Tina Coffman, Tisza Gergő, Tobias Schonwetter, " +"Todd Brown, Todd Pousley, Todd Sattersten, Tom Bamford, Tom Caswell, Tom " +"Goren, Tom Kent, Tom MacWright, Tom Maillioux, Tom Merkli, Tom Merritt, Tom " +"Myers, Tom Olijhoek, Tom Rubin, Tommaso De Benetti, Tommy Dahlen, Tony Ciak, " +"Tony Nwachukwu, Torsten Skomp, Tracey Depellegrin, Tracey Henton, Tracey " +"James, Traci Long DeForge, Trent Yarwood, Trevor Hogue, Trey Blalock, Trey " +"Hunner, Tryggvi Björgvinsson, Tumuult, Tushar Roy, Tyler Occhiogrosso, Udo " +"Blenkhorn, Uri Sivan, Vanja Bobas, Vantharith Oum, Vaughan jenkins, Veethika " +"Mishra, Vic King, Vickie Goode, Victor DePina, Victor Grigas, Victoria " +"Klassen, Victorien Elvinger, VIGA Manufacture, Vikas Shah, Vinayak S." +"Kaujalgi, Vincent O’Leary, Violette Paquet, Virginia Gentilini, Virginia " +"Kopelman, Vitor Menezes, Vivian Marthell, Wayne Mackintosh, Wendy Keenan, " +"Werner Wiethege, Wesley Derbyshire, Widar Hellwig, Willa Köerner, William " +"Bettridge-Radford, William Jefferson, William Marshall, William Peter Nash, " +"William Ray, William Robins, Willow Rosenberg, Winie Evers, Wolfgang " +"Renninger, Xavier Antoviaque, Xavier Hugonet, Xavier Moisant, Xueqi Li, " +"Yancey Strickler, Yann Heurtaux, Yasmine Hajjar, Yu-Hsian Sun, Yves " +"Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, " +"ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" diff --git a/po/de/mwcc.po b/po/de/mwcc.po index 6a8c45f..2572302 100644 --- a/po/de/mwcc.po +++ b/po/de/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-01-20 23:21+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Milo Ivir <mail@milotype.de>\n" "Language-Team: German <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -23,9 +23,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "de" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemacht mit Creative Commons" @@ -64,9 +63,8 @@ msgstr "<publishername>Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung</publishername>" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "Nationale Autonome Universität von Mexiko" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -87,17 +85,18 @@ msgstr "" ">" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" -msgstr "von Paul Stacey & Sarah Hichliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#, fuzzy +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +msgstr "von Paul Stacey & Sarah Hichliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017 von Creative Commons Foundation." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -106,14 +105,37 @@ msgstr "" "(CC BY-SA), Version 4.0." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 -msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " +#| "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " +#| "purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, " +#| "provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you " +#| "remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your " +#| "contributions under the same license as the original. License details: " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" +msgid "" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" msgstr "" +"Dieses Buch erscheint unter einer CC-BY-SA-Lizenz. Das bedeutet, Sie können " +"es für jeden, einschließlich komerziellen Zweck kopieren, weiterverbreiten, " +"neuzusammensetzen, verwandeln und auf dem Werk aufbauen, solange Sie " +"entsprechend den Urheber nennen, einen Link zur Lizenz zur Verfügung stellen " +"und angeben, ob Änderungen vorgenommen wurden. Wenn Sie das Werk " +"neuzusammensetzten, verwandeln, oder auf ihm aufbauen, müssen Sie Ihre " +"Beiträge unter der gleichen Lizenz wie die des Originals verbreiten. " +"Lizenzdetails: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/" +">" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid "" "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" @@ -121,74 +143,74 @@ msgstr "" ">." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "Herausgeber: Gunnar Wolf." #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." -msgstr "" -"Herunterladbares e-Book erhältlich auf <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " +#| "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " +#| "platform." msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons wird mit freundlicher Unterstützung von " "Creative Commons und den Unterstützern unserer Crowdfunding-Kampagne auf der " "Plattform Kickstarter.com veröffentlicht." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" -msgstr "Klassifizierungen:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" +msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 -msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" -msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" +msgstr "" +"Herunterladbares e-Book erhältlich auf <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" -msgstr "" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 #, fuzzy msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " @@ -205,17 +227,17 @@ msgstr "" "meisten von uns es in unserem Alltag tun könnten.“" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "Vorwort" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " @@ -236,7 +258,7 @@ msgstr "" "unter CC eine „falsche Fährte“." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 #, fuzzy msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " @@ -253,7 +275,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gesellschaft und kein Selbstzweck.“" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -263,7 +285,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -274,7 +296,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -284,7 +306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -295,7 +317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -307,7 +329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -320,7 +342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -333,7 +355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -343,7 +365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -354,7 +376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -366,7 +388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -374,7 +396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -385,7 +407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -401,7 +423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -413,7 +435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -425,7 +447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -435,34 +457,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -476,7 +498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -486,14 +508,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -503,7 +525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -513,7 +535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -524,7 +546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -536,14 +558,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -554,7 +576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -566,7 +588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -575,7 +597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -583,7 +605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -591,7 +613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -601,33 +623,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -639,7 +661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -652,19 +674,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -679,17 +701,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -698,12 +720,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -716,7 +738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -724,7 +746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -737,7 +759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -748,7 +770,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -757,28 +779,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -790,12 +812,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -804,7 +826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -816,7 +838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -827,23 +849,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -852,7 +874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -864,7 +886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -876,7 +898,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -886,7 +908,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -898,7 +920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -910,12 +932,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -923,7 +945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -934,7 +956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -945,14 +967,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -969,23 +991,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -993,7 +1015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1003,7 +1025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1011,12 +1033,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1027,12 +1049,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1041,7 +1063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1050,7 +1072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1061,7 +1083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1072,7 +1094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1083,7 +1105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1092,12 +1114,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1108,7 +1130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1118,7 +1140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1126,7 +1148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1139,23 +1161,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1163,7 +1185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1176,7 +1198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1192,25 +1214,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1222,7 +1244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1230,7 +1252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1250,7 +1272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1263,14 +1285,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1284,7 +1306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1293,23 +1315,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1317,12 +1339,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1330,12 +1352,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1343,28 +1365,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1381,7 +1403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1390,7 +1412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1403,7 +1425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1418,7 +1440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1426,7 +1448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1436,12 +1458,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "Die Anfang von Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1452,7 +1474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1460,7 +1482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1477,7 +1499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1487,14 +1509,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1506,7 +1528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1520,7 +1542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1530,7 +1552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1538,7 +1560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1552,22 +1574,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1583,7 +1605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1591,7 +1613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1601,7 +1623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1612,7 +1634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1620,7 +1642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1633,14 +1655,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1660,7 +1682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1668,7 +1690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1682,7 +1704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1697,7 +1719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1705,7 +1727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1717,7 +1739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1726,7 +1748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1734,14 +1756,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1756,7 +1778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1764,7 +1786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1775,14 +1797,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1793,7 +1815,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1808,7 +1830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1822,7 +1844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1832,7 +1854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1847,12 +1869,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1861,7 +1883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1871,7 +1893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1885,7 +1907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1899,7 +1921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1907,7 +1929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1923,7 +1945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1937,7 +1959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1952,7 +1974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1968,7 +1990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1977,12 +1999,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -1995,7 +2017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2005,7 +2027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2017,7 +2039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2027,7 +2049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2036,7 +2058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2051,7 +2073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2062,7 +2084,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2073,17 +2095,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Wie man mit Creative Commons hergestellt wird" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2100,7 +2122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2112,7 +2134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2120,7 +2142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2131,7 +2153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2139,7 +2161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2152,7 +2174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2161,7 +2183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2173,7 +2195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2186,7 +2208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2196,7 +2218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2211,7 +2233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2225,7 +2247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2235,14 +2257,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2257,7 +2279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2269,7 +2291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2281,7 +2303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2289,7 +2311,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2302,12 +2324,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2322,7 +2344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2330,7 +2352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2344,12 +2366,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2367,7 +2389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2382,7 +2404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2392,7 +2414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2400,26 +2422,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2440,26 +2462,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2478,12 +2500,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2500,12 +2522,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2514,7 +2536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2527,12 +2549,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2543,7 +2565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2554,7 +2576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2571,12 +2593,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2588,12 +2610,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2607,19 +2629,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2633,7 +2655,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2643,12 +2665,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2664,17 +2686,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2686,12 +2708,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2699,7 +2721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2717,7 +2739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2732,7 +2754,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2747,7 +2769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2758,12 +2780,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2774,12 +2796,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2796,7 +2818,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2813,12 +2835,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2827,12 +2849,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2846,29 +2868,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2885,12 +2907,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2902,17 +2924,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2928,12 +2950,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -2942,7 +2964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -2960,12 +2982,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2977,7 +2999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2988,24 +3010,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -3017,12 +3039,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3040,12 +3062,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3059,7 +3081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3070,7 +3092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3079,24 +3101,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3109,17 +3131,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3143,12 +3165,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3159,12 +3181,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3173,12 +3195,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3194,22 +3216,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3225,12 +3247,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3244,17 +3266,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3268,13 +3290,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3285,12 +3307,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3303,12 +3325,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3317,7 +3339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3331,7 +3353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3341,17 +3363,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3361,13 +3383,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3382,12 +3404,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3400,12 +3422,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3423,7 +3445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3434,12 +3456,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3456,7 +3478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3467,7 +3489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3475,7 +3497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3483,7 +3505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3496,7 +3518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3511,7 +3533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3520,19 +3542,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3543,14 +3565,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3566,7 +3588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3580,12 +3602,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3598,22 +3620,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3627,17 +3649,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3654,22 +3676,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3687,12 +3709,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3705,12 +3727,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3724,22 +3746,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3753,7 +3775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3761,17 +3783,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3787,12 +3809,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3805,7 +3827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3818,12 +3840,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3833,19 +3855,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3858,17 +3880,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3885,17 +3907,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3911,19 +3933,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3932,14 +3954,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3955,7 +3977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -3963,7 +3985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3979,7 +4001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3991,28 +4013,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -4028,12 +4050,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4046,17 +4068,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4077,19 +4099,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4105,14 +4127,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4126,12 +4148,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "Creative Commons Lizenz" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4146,29 +4168,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4177,12 +4199,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4193,12 +4215,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4206,12 +4228,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4220,12 +4242,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4233,12 +4255,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4247,7 +4269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4255,31 +4277,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4292,7 +4314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4307,7 +4329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4322,7 +4344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4331,7 +4353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4345,12 +4367,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4359,12 +4381,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4376,7 +4398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4386,24 +4408,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4411,38 +4433,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4458,7 +4480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4469,7 +4491,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4480,7 +4502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4492,7 +4514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4503,7 +4525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4514,7 +4536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4529,7 +4551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4545,7 +4567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4556,7 +4578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4566,7 +4588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4580,7 +4602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4593,12 +4615,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4612,7 +4634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4627,7 +4649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4641,7 +4663,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4653,7 +4675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4664,12 +4686,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4686,7 +4708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4696,7 +4718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4707,7 +4729,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4715,12 +4737,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4728,45 +4750,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4775,12 +4797,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4793,7 +4815,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4808,7 +4830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4821,7 +4843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4832,7 +4854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4842,7 +4864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4852,7 +4874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4869,7 +4891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4879,7 +4901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4892,7 +4914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4904,7 +4926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4914,7 +4936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4922,7 +4944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -4937,7 +4959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4948,7 +4970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -4958,7 +4980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4968,43 +4990,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -5017,7 +5039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -5029,7 +5051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5038,7 +5060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5051,7 +5073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5065,7 +5087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5076,7 +5098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5088,7 +5110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5100,7 +5122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5110,7 +5132,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5125,7 +5147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5137,7 +5159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5148,7 +5170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5165,7 +5187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5174,7 +5196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5185,7 +5207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5194,7 +5216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5206,46 +5228,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5254,7 +5276,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5266,7 +5288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5276,7 +5298,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5285,7 +5307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5295,7 +5317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5303,7 +5325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5318,7 +5340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5326,7 +5348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5335,7 +5357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5351,7 +5373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5359,7 +5381,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5368,7 +5390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5379,7 +5401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5394,7 +5416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5404,7 +5426,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5413,7 +5435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5428,7 +5450,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5441,7 +5463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5454,7 +5476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5464,7 +5486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5475,7 +5497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5485,7 +5507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5494,12 +5516,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5507,12 +5529,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5520,13 +5542,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5537,7 +5559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5547,7 +5569,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5568,7 +5590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5583,7 +5605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5597,7 +5619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5609,12 +5631,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5631,7 +5653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5645,7 +5667,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5655,7 +5677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5666,7 +5688,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5678,7 +5700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5689,7 +5711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5699,7 +5721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5711,7 +5733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5721,7 +5743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5729,7 +5751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5739,38 +5761,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5781,7 +5803,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5789,7 +5811,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5801,7 +5823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5809,7 +5831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5827,7 +5849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5843,7 +5865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5855,7 +5877,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5867,7 +5889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5882,7 +5904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5892,7 +5914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5902,7 +5924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5919,7 +5941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5935,7 +5957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5951,7 +5973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -5964,7 +5986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5977,7 +5999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5990,7 +6012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -6003,7 +6025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -6013,17 +6035,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6031,29 +6053,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6066,7 +6088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6074,7 +6096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6085,7 +6107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6094,7 +6116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6102,7 +6124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6113,7 +6135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6123,7 +6145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6132,7 +6154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6142,7 +6164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6151,7 +6173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6164,7 +6186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6176,7 +6198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6192,7 +6214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6204,7 +6226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6216,7 +6238,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6230,7 +6252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6242,7 +6264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6253,21 +6275,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6281,7 +6303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6294,12 +6316,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6313,7 +6335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6323,7 +6345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6338,12 +6360,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6351,37 +6373,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6402,7 +6424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6415,7 +6437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6430,7 +6452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6448,14 +6470,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6473,7 +6495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6488,7 +6510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6508,7 +6530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6517,7 +6539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6534,7 +6556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6549,12 +6571,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6564,12 +6586,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6578,7 +6600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6587,7 +6609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6601,7 +6623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6613,7 +6635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6628,7 +6650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6639,7 +6661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6647,7 +6669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6655,7 +6677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6668,7 +6690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6677,7 +6699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6689,7 +6711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6699,12 +6721,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6712,30 +6734,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6752,7 +6774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6761,7 +6783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6770,7 +6792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6788,7 +6810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6799,7 +6821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6810,7 +6832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6820,7 +6842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6833,35 +6855,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6870,7 +6892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6878,12 +6900,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6892,7 +6914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6904,14 +6926,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6925,7 +6947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6938,7 +6960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6954,7 +6976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6962,7 +6984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6974,7 +6996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6982,7 +7004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6990,7 +7012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7002,13 +7024,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7021,7 +7043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7033,7 +7055,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7043,7 +7065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7057,14 +7079,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7077,7 +7099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7090,48 +7112,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7155,7 +7177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7167,7 +7189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7178,7 +7200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7188,7 +7210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7203,33 +7225,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7239,7 +7261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7249,7 +7271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7258,7 +7280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7269,7 +7291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7287,7 +7309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7300,7 +7322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7313,7 +7335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7323,7 +7345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7336,7 +7358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7346,7 +7368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7360,7 +7382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7372,7 +7394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7384,7 +7406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7395,7 +7417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7408,7 +7430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7419,7 +7441,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7428,7 +7450,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7441,7 +7463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7453,26 +7475,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7480,12 +7502,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7499,7 +7521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7512,7 +7534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7521,7 +7543,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7533,7 +7555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7550,7 +7572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7561,7 +7583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7572,7 +7594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7583,7 +7605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7595,7 +7617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7605,7 +7627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7617,7 +7639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7631,7 +7653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7648,7 +7670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7657,7 +7679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7671,7 +7693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7682,7 +7704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7692,7 +7714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7702,7 +7724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7710,12 +7732,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7723,30 +7745,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7754,7 +7776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7765,7 +7787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7775,7 +7797,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7785,14 +7807,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7804,7 +7826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7814,7 +7836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7825,7 +7847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7834,7 +7856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7849,7 +7871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7862,7 +7884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7872,7 +7894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7888,7 +7910,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7903,7 +7925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7911,7 +7933,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7924,14 +7946,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7940,7 +7962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7949,7 +7971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7964,7 +7986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7974,7 +7996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -7983,7 +8005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7994,7 +8016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8003,7 +8025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8015,7 +8037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8024,7 +8046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8036,7 +8058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8048,12 +8070,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8061,31 +8083,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8097,7 +8119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8111,7 +8133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8121,38 +8143,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8163,7 +8185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8173,7 +8195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8183,7 +8205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8193,19 +8215,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8220,7 +8242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8235,7 +8257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8246,7 +8268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8256,7 +8278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8267,13 +8289,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8281,7 +8303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8291,7 +8313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8300,7 +8322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8311,7 +8333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8324,14 +8346,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8339,7 +8361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8350,12 +8372,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8366,7 +8388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8375,7 +8397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8384,7 +8406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8403,7 +8425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8411,7 +8433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8420,46 +8442,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8467,32 +8489,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8501,7 +8523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8519,7 +8541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8528,7 +8550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8541,7 +8563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8551,7 +8573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8559,7 +8581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8569,12 +8591,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8583,7 +8605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8592,7 +8614,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8604,12 +8626,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8622,7 +8644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8630,14 +8652,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8645,14 +8667,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8660,7 +8682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8669,14 +8691,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8685,24 +8707,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8715,34 +8737,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8750,7 +8772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8760,7 +8782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8771,7 +8793,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8781,7 +8803,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8791,12 +8813,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8808,7 +8830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8818,29 +8840,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8848,28 +8870,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8882,7 +8904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8892,7 +8914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8900,12 +8922,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8913,31 +8935,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8951,7 +8973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8964,7 +8986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8978,14 +9000,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -8998,7 +9020,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9009,7 +9031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9019,7 +9041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9028,12 +9050,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9043,7 +9065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9052,7 +9074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9065,7 +9087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9077,7 +9099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9089,7 +9111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9102,7 +9124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9112,7 +9134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9124,7 +9146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9139,7 +9161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9150,7 +9172,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9164,7 +9186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9183,7 +9205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9195,7 +9217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9207,7 +9229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9219,34 +9241,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9255,7 +9277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9264,7 +9286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9274,7 +9296,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9287,22 +9309,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9311,12 +9333,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9324,7 +9346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9333,7 +9355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9342,7 +9364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9353,7 +9375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9369,7 +9391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9382,7 +9404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9396,7 +9418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9410,7 +9432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9429,7 +9451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9439,7 +9461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9451,7 +9473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9465,7 +9487,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9477,7 +9499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9488,7 +9510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9500,7 +9522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9512,7 +9534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9523,7 +9545,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9535,7 +9557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9550,7 +9572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9562,7 +9584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9574,12 +9596,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9587,30 +9609,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9626,7 +9648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9640,7 +9662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9654,7 +9676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9668,7 +9690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9682,7 +9704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9694,7 +9716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9702,7 +9724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9720,7 +9742,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9731,7 +9753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9739,7 +9761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9750,7 +9772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9759,7 +9781,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9770,7 +9792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9780,7 +9802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9804,7 +9826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9812,7 +9834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9821,7 +9843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9835,7 +9857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9844,7 +9866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9862,7 +9884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9874,17 +9896,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9900,7 +9922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9912,7 +9934,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9924,7 +9946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9932,24 +9954,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9957,19 +9979,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9986,7 +10008,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10002,7 +10024,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10013,12 +10035,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10034,7 +10056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10048,7 +10070,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10063,7 +10085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10076,7 +10098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10092,7 +10114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10103,7 +10125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10118,12 +10140,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10134,7 +10156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10147,7 +10169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10156,7 +10178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10169,14 +10191,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10190,7 +10212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10199,14 +10221,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10224,7 +10246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10232,7 +10254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10243,7 +10265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10258,7 +10280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10278,42 +10300,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10326,7 +10348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10340,7 +10362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10351,7 +10373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10364,7 +10386,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10377,7 +10399,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10390,7 +10412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10406,7 +10428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10422,7 +10444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10434,7 +10456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10443,7 +10465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10455,7 +10477,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10469,7 +10491,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10481,7 +10503,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10491,7 +10513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10509,7 +10531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10518,12 +10540,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10531,29 +10553,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10563,7 +10585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10572,7 +10594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10582,12 +10604,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10599,7 +10621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10609,7 +10631,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10618,12 +10640,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10635,7 +10657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10645,7 +10667,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10661,12 +10683,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10678,7 +10700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10687,7 +10709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10698,7 +10720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10709,7 +10731,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10720,7 +10742,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10734,7 +10756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10743,7 +10765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10754,7 +10776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10766,7 +10788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10777,7 +10799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10786,7 +10808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10797,7 +10819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10810,7 +10832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10821,7 +10843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10831,12 +10853,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10846,7 +10868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10858,7 +10880,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10869,7 +10891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10882,7 +10904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10894,7 +10916,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10904,7 +10926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10917,7 +10939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10926,7 +10948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10936,7 +10958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10952,42 +10974,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10997,7 +11019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11006,7 +11028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11017,7 +11039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11029,7 +11051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11038,7 +11060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11050,7 +11072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11062,7 +11084,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11075,7 +11097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11086,7 +11108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11097,7 +11119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11107,7 +11129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11116,7 +11138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11129,7 +11151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11141,7 +11163,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11157,7 +11179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11169,7 +11191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11179,7 +11201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11193,7 +11215,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11206,7 +11228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11218,7 +11240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11233,12 +11255,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11246,29 +11268,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11277,7 +11299,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11292,7 +11314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11313,7 +11335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11327,7 +11349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11335,7 +11357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11352,7 +11374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11363,7 +11385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11374,7 +11396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11390,7 +11412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11407,7 +11429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11427,7 +11449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11442,7 +11464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11455,7 +11477,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11467,7 +11489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11482,7 +11504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11493,7 +11515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11504,12 +11526,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11517,24 +11539,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11545,7 +11567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11557,7 +11579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11569,7 +11591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11579,7 +11601,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11589,12 +11611,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11607,7 +11629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11628,7 +11650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11643,7 +11665,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11653,12 +11675,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11671,7 +11693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11683,7 +11705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11696,7 +11718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11706,7 +11728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11715,7 +11737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11725,7 +11747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11738,7 +11760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11749,7 +11771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11763,7 +11785,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11781,7 +11803,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11794,46 +11816,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11843,7 +11865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11851,7 +11873,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11867,7 +11889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11876,7 +11898,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11887,7 +11909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11901,7 +11923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11924,7 +11946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11941,7 +11963,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11955,14 +11977,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11982,7 +12004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11994,7 +12016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12006,7 +12028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12018,7 +12040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12027,7 +12049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12036,7 +12058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12046,12 +12068,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12059,33 +12081,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12094,7 +12116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12102,7 +12124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12111,14 +12133,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12130,56 +12152,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12190,7 +12212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12198,21 +12220,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12221,7 +12243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12230,14 +12252,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12245,7 +12267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12254,21 +12276,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12276,91 +12298,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12368,28 +12390,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12397,7 +12419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12405,7 +12427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12414,14 +12436,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12431,7 +12453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12440,7 +12462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12449,7 +12471,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12457,7 +12479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12465,74 +12487,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12540,21 +12562,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12564,7 +12586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12572,7 +12594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12580,19 +12602,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12602,7 +12624,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12610,7 +12632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12620,7 +12642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12629,7 +12651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12678,7 +12700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -13013,13 +13035,15 @@ msgid "" "ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" +#~ msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#~ msgstr "von Paul Stacey & Sarah Hichliff Pearson" + +#~ msgid "Classifications:" +#~ msgstr "Klassifizierungen:" + #~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" #~ msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons" -#, fuzzy -#~ msgid "% Made with Creative Commons % Paul Stacey;Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" -#~ msgstr "von Paul Stacey & Sarah Hichliff Pearson" - #~ msgid "ISBN 978-87-998733-3-3" #~ msgstr "ISBN 978-87-998733-3-3" diff --git a/po/el/mwcc.po b/po/el/mwcc.po index e6170b0..6f46321 100644 --- a/po/el/mwcc.po +++ b/po/el/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2019-06-11 12:22+0000\n" "Last-Translator: THANOS SIOURDAKIS <siourdakisthanos@gmail.com>\n" "Language-Team: Greek <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -23,9 +23,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Φτιαγμένο με Creative Commons" @@ -64,9 +63,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -78,100 +76,97 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 -msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 +msgid "" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid "" "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 -msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " @@ -181,17 +176,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -203,7 +198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " @@ -213,7 +208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -223,7 +218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -234,7 +229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -244,7 +239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -255,7 +250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -267,7 +262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -280,7 +275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -293,7 +288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -303,7 +298,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -314,7 +309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -326,7 +321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -334,7 +329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -345,7 +340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -361,7 +356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -373,7 +368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -385,7 +380,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -395,34 +390,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -436,7 +431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -446,14 +441,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -463,7 +458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -473,7 +468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -484,7 +479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -496,14 +491,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -514,7 +509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -526,7 +521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -535,7 +530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -543,7 +538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -551,7 +546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -561,33 +556,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -599,7 +594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -612,19 +607,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -639,17 +634,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -658,12 +653,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -676,7 +671,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -684,7 +679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -697,7 +692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -708,7 +703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -717,28 +712,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -750,12 +745,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -764,7 +759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -776,7 +771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -787,23 +782,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -812,7 +807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -824,7 +819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -836,7 +831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -846,7 +841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -858,7 +853,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -870,12 +865,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -883,7 +878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -894,7 +889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -905,14 +900,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -929,23 +924,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -953,7 +948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -963,7 +958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -971,12 +966,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -987,12 +982,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1001,7 +996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1010,7 +1005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1021,7 +1016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1032,7 +1027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1043,7 +1038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1052,12 +1047,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1068,7 +1063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1078,7 +1073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1086,7 +1081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1099,23 +1094,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1123,7 +1118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1136,7 +1131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1152,25 +1147,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1182,7 +1177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1190,7 +1185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1210,7 +1205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1223,14 +1218,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1244,7 +1239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1253,23 +1248,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1277,12 +1272,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1290,12 +1285,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1303,28 +1298,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1341,7 +1336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1350,7 +1345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1363,7 +1358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1378,7 +1373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1386,7 +1381,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1396,12 +1391,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1412,7 +1407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1420,7 +1415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1437,7 +1432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1447,14 +1442,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1466,7 +1461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1480,7 +1475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1490,7 +1485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1498,7 +1493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1512,22 +1507,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1543,7 +1538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1551,7 +1546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1561,7 +1556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1572,7 +1567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1580,7 +1575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1593,14 +1588,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1620,7 +1615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1628,7 +1623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1642,7 +1637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1657,7 +1652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1665,7 +1660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1677,7 +1672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1686,7 +1681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1694,14 +1689,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1716,7 +1711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1724,7 +1719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1735,14 +1730,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1753,7 +1748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1768,7 +1763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1782,7 +1777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1792,7 +1787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1807,12 +1802,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1821,7 +1816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1831,7 +1826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1845,7 +1840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1859,7 +1854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1867,7 +1862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1883,7 +1878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1897,7 +1892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1912,7 +1907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1928,7 +1923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1937,12 +1932,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -1955,7 +1950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -1965,7 +1960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -1977,7 +1972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -1987,7 +1982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -1996,7 +1991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2011,7 +2006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2022,7 +2017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2033,17 +2028,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2060,7 +2055,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2072,7 +2067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2080,7 +2075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2091,7 +2086,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2099,7 +2094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2112,7 +2107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2121,7 +2116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2133,7 +2128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2146,7 +2141,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2156,7 +2151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2171,7 +2166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2185,7 +2180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2195,14 +2190,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2217,7 +2212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2229,7 +2224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2241,7 +2236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2249,7 +2244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2262,12 +2257,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2282,7 +2277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2290,7 +2285,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2304,12 +2299,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2327,7 +2322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2342,7 +2337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2352,7 +2347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2360,26 +2355,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2400,26 +2395,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2438,12 +2433,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2460,12 +2455,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2474,7 +2469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2487,12 +2482,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2503,7 +2498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2514,7 +2509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2531,12 +2526,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2548,12 +2543,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2567,19 +2562,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2593,7 +2588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2603,12 +2598,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2624,17 +2619,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2646,12 +2641,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2659,7 +2654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2677,7 +2672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2692,7 +2687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2707,7 +2702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2718,12 +2713,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2734,12 +2729,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2756,7 +2751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2773,12 +2768,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2787,12 +2782,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2806,29 +2801,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2845,12 +2840,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2862,17 +2857,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2888,12 +2883,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -2902,7 +2897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -2920,12 +2915,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2937,7 +2932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2948,24 +2943,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -2977,12 +2972,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3000,12 +2995,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3019,7 +3014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3030,7 +3025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3039,24 +3034,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3069,17 +3064,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3103,12 +3098,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3119,12 +3114,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3133,12 +3128,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3154,22 +3149,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3185,12 +3180,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3204,17 +3199,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3228,13 +3223,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3245,12 +3240,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3263,12 +3258,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3277,7 +3272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3291,7 +3286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3301,17 +3296,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3321,13 +3316,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3342,12 +3337,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3360,12 +3355,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3383,7 +3378,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3394,12 +3389,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3416,7 +3411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3427,7 +3422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3435,7 +3430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3443,7 +3438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3456,7 +3451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3471,7 +3466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3480,19 +3475,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3503,14 +3498,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3526,7 +3521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3540,12 +3535,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3558,22 +3553,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3587,17 +3582,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3614,22 +3609,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3647,12 +3642,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3665,12 +3660,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3684,22 +3679,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3713,7 +3708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3721,17 +3716,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3747,12 +3742,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3765,7 +3760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3778,12 +3773,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3793,19 +3788,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3818,17 +3813,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3845,17 +3840,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3871,19 +3866,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3892,14 +3887,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3915,7 +3910,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -3923,7 +3918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3939,7 +3934,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3951,28 +3946,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -3988,12 +3983,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4006,17 +4001,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4037,19 +4032,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4065,14 +4060,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4086,12 +4081,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4106,29 +4101,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4137,12 +4132,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4153,12 +4148,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4166,12 +4161,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4180,12 +4175,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4193,12 +4188,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4207,7 +4202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4215,31 +4210,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4252,7 +4247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4267,7 +4262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4282,7 +4277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4291,7 +4286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4305,12 +4300,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4319,12 +4314,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4336,7 +4331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4346,24 +4341,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4371,38 +4366,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4418,7 +4413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4429,7 +4424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4440,7 +4435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4452,7 +4447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4463,7 +4458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4474,7 +4469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4489,7 +4484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4505,7 +4500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4516,7 +4511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4526,7 +4521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4540,7 +4535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4553,12 +4548,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4572,7 +4567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4587,7 +4582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4601,7 +4596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4613,7 +4608,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4624,12 +4619,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4646,7 +4641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4656,7 +4651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4667,7 +4662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4675,12 +4670,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4688,45 +4683,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4735,12 +4730,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4753,7 +4748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4768,7 +4763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4781,7 +4776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4792,7 +4787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4802,7 +4797,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4812,7 +4807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4829,7 +4824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4839,7 +4834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4852,7 +4847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4864,7 +4859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4874,7 +4869,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4882,7 +4877,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -4897,7 +4892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4908,7 +4903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -4918,7 +4913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4928,43 +4923,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -4977,7 +4972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -4989,7 +4984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -4998,7 +4993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5011,7 +5006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5025,7 +5020,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5036,7 +5031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5048,7 +5043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5060,7 +5055,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5070,7 +5065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5085,7 +5080,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5097,7 +5092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5108,7 +5103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5125,7 +5120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5134,7 +5129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5145,7 +5140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5154,7 +5149,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5166,46 +5161,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5214,7 +5209,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5226,7 +5221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5236,7 +5231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5245,7 +5240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5255,7 +5250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5263,7 +5258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5278,7 +5273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5286,7 +5281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5295,7 +5290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5311,7 +5306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5319,7 +5314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5328,7 +5323,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5339,7 +5334,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5354,7 +5349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5364,7 +5359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5373,7 +5368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5388,7 +5383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5401,7 +5396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5414,7 +5409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5424,7 +5419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5435,7 +5430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5445,7 +5440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5454,12 +5449,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5467,12 +5462,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5480,13 +5475,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5497,7 +5492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5507,7 +5502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5528,7 +5523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5543,7 +5538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5557,7 +5552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5569,12 +5564,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5591,7 +5586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5605,7 +5600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5615,7 +5610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5626,7 +5621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5638,7 +5633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5649,7 +5644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5659,7 +5654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5671,7 +5666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5681,7 +5676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5689,7 +5684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5699,38 +5694,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5741,7 +5736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5749,7 +5744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5761,7 +5756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5769,7 +5764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5787,7 +5782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5803,7 +5798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5815,7 +5810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5827,7 +5822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5842,7 +5837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5852,7 +5847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5862,7 +5857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5879,7 +5874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5895,7 +5890,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5911,7 +5906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -5924,7 +5919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5937,7 +5932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5950,7 +5945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -5963,7 +5958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -5973,17 +5968,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -5991,29 +5986,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6026,7 +6021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6034,7 +6029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6045,7 +6040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6054,7 +6049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6062,7 +6057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6073,7 +6068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6083,7 +6078,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6092,7 +6087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6102,7 +6097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6111,7 +6106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6124,7 +6119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6136,7 +6131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6152,7 +6147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6164,7 +6159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6176,7 +6171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6190,7 +6185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6202,7 +6197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6213,21 +6208,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6241,7 +6236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6254,12 +6249,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6273,7 +6268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6283,7 +6278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6298,12 +6293,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6311,37 +6306,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6362,7 +6357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6375,7 +6370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6390,7 +6385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6408,14 +6403,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6433,7 +6428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6448,7 +6443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6468,7 +6463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6477,7 +6472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6494,7 +6489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6509,12 +6504,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6524,12 +6519,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6538,7 +6533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6547,7 +6542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6561,7 +6556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6573,7 +6568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6588,7 +6583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6599,7 +6594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6607,7 +6602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6615,7 +6610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6628,7 +6623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6637,7 +6632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6649,7 +6644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6659,12 +6654,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6672,30 +6667,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6712,7 +6707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6721,7 +6716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6730,7 +6725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6748,7 +6743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6759,7 +6754,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6770,7 +6765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6780,7 +6775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6793,35 +6788,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6830,7 +6825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6838,12 +6833,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6852,7 +6847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6864,14 +6859,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6885,7 +6880,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6898,7 +6893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6914,7 +6909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6922,7 +6917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6934,7 +6929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6942,7 +6937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6950,7 +6945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -6962,13 +6957,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6981,7 +6976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -6993,7 +6988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7003,7 +6998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7017,14 +7012,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7037,7 +7032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7050,48 +7045,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7115,7 +7110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7127,7 +7122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7138,7 +7133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7148,7 +7143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7163,33 +7158,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7199,7 +7194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7209,7 +7204,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7218,7 +7213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7229,7 +7224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7247,7 +7242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7260,7 +7255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7273,7 +7268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7283,7 +7278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7296,7 +7291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7306,7 +7301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7320,7 +7315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7332,7 +7327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7344,7 +7339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7355,7 +7350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7368,7 +7363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7379,7 +7374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7388,7 +7383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7401,7 +7396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7413,26 +7408,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7440,12 +7435,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7459,7 +7454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7472,7 +7467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7481,7 +7476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7493,7 +7488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7510,7 +7505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7521,7 +7516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7532,7 +7527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7543,7 +7538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7555,7 +7550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7565,7 +7560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7577,7 +7572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7591,7 +7586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7608,7 +7603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7617,7 +7612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7631,7 +7626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7642,7 +7637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7652,7 +7647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7662,7 +7657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7670,12 +7665,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7683,30 +7678,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7714,7 +7709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7725,7 +7720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7735,7 +7730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7745,14 +7740,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7764,7 +7759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7774,7 +7769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7785,7 +7780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7794,7 +7789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7809,7 +7804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7822,7 +7817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7832,7 +7827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7848,7 +7843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7863,7 +7858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7871,7 +7866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7884,14 +7879,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7900,7 +7895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7909,7 +7904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7924,7 +7919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7934,7 +7929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -7943,7 +7938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7954,7 +7949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -7963,7 +7958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -7975,7 +7970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7984,7 +7979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -7996,7 +7991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8008,12 +8003,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8021,31 +8016,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8057,7 +8052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8071,7 +8066,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8081,38 +8076,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8123,7 +8118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8133,7 +8128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8143,7 +8138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8153,19 +8148,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8180,7 +8175,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8195,7 +8190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8206,7 +8201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8216,7 +8211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8227,13 +8222,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8241,7 +8236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8251,7 +8246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8260,7 +8255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8271,7 +8266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8284,14 +8279,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8299,7 +8294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8310,12 +8305,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8326,7 +8321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8335,7 +8330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8344,7 +8339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8363,7 +8358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8371,7 +8366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8380,46 +8375,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8427,32 +8422,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8461,7 +8456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8479,7 +8474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8488,7 +8483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8501,7 +8496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8511,7 +8506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8519,7 +8514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8529,12 +8524,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8543,7 +8538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8552,7 +8547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8564,12 +8559,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8582,7 +8577,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8590,14 +8585,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8605,14 +8600,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8620,7 +8615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8629,14 +8624,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8645,24 +8640,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8675,34 +8670,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8710,7 +8705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8720,7 +8715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8731,7 +8726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8741,7 +8736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8751,12 +8746,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8768,7 +8763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8778,29 +8773,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8808,28 +8803,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8842,7 +8837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8852,7 +8847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8860,12 +8855,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8873,31 +8868,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8911,7 +8906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8924,7 +8919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8938,14 +8933,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -8958,7 +8953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8969,7 +8964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8979,7 +8974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8988,12 +8983,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9003,7 +8998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9012,7 +9007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9025,7 +9020,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9037,7 +9032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9049,7 +9044,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9062,7 +9057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9072,7 +9067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9084,7 +9079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9099,7 +9094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9110,7 +9105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9124,7 +9119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9143,7 +9138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9155,7 +9150,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9167,7 +9162,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9179,34 +9174,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9215,7 +9210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9224,7 +9219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9234,7 +9229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9247,22 +9242,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9271,12 +9266,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9284,7 +9279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9293,7 +9288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9302,7 +9297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9313,7 +9308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9329,7 +9324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9342,7 +9337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9356,7 +9351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9370,7 +9365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9389,7 +9384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9399,7 +9394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9411,7 +9406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9425,7 +9420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9437,7 +9432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9448,7 +9443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9460,7 +9455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9472,7 +9467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9483,7 +9478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9495,7 +9490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9510,7 +9505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9522,7 +9517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9534,12 +9529,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9547,30 +9542,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9586,7 +9581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9600,7 +9595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9614,7 +9609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9628,7 +9623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9642,7 +9637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9654,7 +9649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9662,7 +9657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9680,7 +9675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9691,7 +9686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9699,7 +9694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9710,7 +9705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9719,7 +9714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9730,7 +9725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9740,7 +9735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9764,7 +9759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9772,7 +9767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9781,7 +9776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9795,7 +9790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9804,7 +9799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9822,7 +9817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9834,17 +9829,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9860,7 +9855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9872,7 +9867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9884,7 +9879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9892,24 +9887,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9917,19 +9912,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9946,7 +9941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9962,7 +9957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9973,12 +9968,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -9994,7 +9989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10008,7 +10003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10023,7 +10018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10036,7 +10031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10052,7 +10047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10063,7 +10058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10078,12 +10073,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10094,7 +10089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10107,7 +10102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10116,7 +10111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10129,14 +10124,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10150,7 +10145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10159,14 +10154,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10184,7 +10179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10192,7 +10187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10203,7 +10198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10218,7 +10213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10238,42 +10233,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10286,7 +10281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10300,7 +10295,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10311,7 +10306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10324,7 +10319,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10337,7 +10332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10350,7 +10345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10366,7 +10361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10382,7 +10377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10394,7 +10389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10403,7 +10398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10415,7 +10410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10429,7 +10424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10441,7 +10436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10451,7 +10446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10469,7 +10464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10478,12 +10473,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10491,29 +10486,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10523,7 +10518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10532,7 +10527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10542,12 +10537,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10559,7 +10554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10569,7 +10564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10578,12 +10573,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10595,7 +10590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10605,7 +10600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10621,12 +10616,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10638,7 +10633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10647,7 +10642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10658,7 +10653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10669,7 +10664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10680,7 +10675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10694,7 +10689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10703,7 +10698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10714,7 +10709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10726,7 +10721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10737,7 +10732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10746,7 +10741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10757,7 +10752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10770,7 +10765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10781,7 +10776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10791,12 +10786,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10806,7 +10801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10818,7 +10813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10829,7 +10824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10842,7 +10837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10854,7 +10849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10864,7 +10859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10877,7 +10872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10886,7 +10881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10896,7 +10891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10912,42 +10907,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10957,7 +10952,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -10966,7 +10961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10977,7 +10972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -10989,7 +10984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -10998,7 +10993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11010,7 +11005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11022,7 +11017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11035,7 +11030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11046,7 +11041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11057,7 +11052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11067,7 +11062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11076,7 +11071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11089,7 +11084,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11101,7 +11096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11117,7 +11112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11129,7 +11124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11139,7 +11134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11153,7 +11148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11166,7 +11161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11178,7 +11173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11193,12 +11188,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11206,29 +11201,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11237,7 +11232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11252,7 +11247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11273,7 +11268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11287,7 +11282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11295,7 +11290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11312,7 +11307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11323,7 +11318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11334,7 +11329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11350,7 +11345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11367,7 +11362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11387,7 +11382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11402,7 +11397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11415,7 +11410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11427,7 +11422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11442,7 +11437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11453,7 +11448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11464,12 +11459,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11477,24 +11472,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11505,7 +11500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11517,7 +11512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11529,7 +11524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11539,7 +11534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11549,12 +11544,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11567,7 +11562,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11588,7 +11583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11603,7 +11598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11613,12 +11608,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11631,7 +11626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11643,7 +11638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11656,7 +11651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11666,7 +11661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11675,7 +11670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11685,7 +11680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11698,7 +11693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11709,7 +11704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11723,7 +11718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11741,7 +11736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11754,46 +11749,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11803,7 +11798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11811,7 +11806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11827,7 +11822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11836,7 +11831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11847,7 +11842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11861,7 +11856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11884,7 +11879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11901,7 +11896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11915,14 +11910,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11942,7 +11937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11954,7 +11949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -11966,7 +11961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11978,7 +11973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11987,7 +11982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -11996,7 +11991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12006,12 +12001,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12019,33 +12014,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12054,7 +12049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12062,7 +12057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12071,14 +12066,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12090,56 +12085,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12150,7 +12145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12158,21 +12153,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12181,7 +12176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12190,14 +12185,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12205,7 +12200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12214,21 +12209,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12236,91 +12231,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12328,28 +12323,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12357,7 +12352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12365,7 +12360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12374,14 +12369,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12391,7 +12386,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12400,7 +12395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12409,7 +12404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12417,7 +12412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12425,74 +12420,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12500,21 +12495,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12524,7 +12519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12532,7 +12527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12540,19 +12535,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12562,7 +12557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12570,7 +12565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12580,7 +12575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12589,7 +12584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12638,7 +12633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " diff --git a/po/es/mwcc.po b/po/es/mwcc.po index 7e62a14..c084266 100644 --- a/po/es/mwcc.po +++ b/po/es/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-08-30 19:37+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Scoopity Whoop <Scoo0p@yandex.com>\n" "Language-Team: Spanish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -24,9 +24,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "es" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" @@ -65,9 +64,8 @@ msgstr "<publishername>Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas</publishername>" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -87,17 +85,19 @@ msgstr "" "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "por Paul Stacey y Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017 por la Creative Commons Foundation." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -106,16 +106,36 @@ msgstr "" "BY-SA), versión 4.0." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 -msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " +#| "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " +#| "purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, " +#| "provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you " +#| "remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your " +#| "contributions under the same license as the original. License details: " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" +msgid "" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" msgstr "" -"ISBN: POR-SER-DECIDIDO (PDF), POR-SER-DECIDIDO (ePub), POR-SER-DECIDIDO " -"(Edición de papel)" +"Este libro se publica bajo una licencia CC BY-SA, lo cual significa que " +"usted puede copiarlo, redistribuirlo, remezclarlo, transformarlo y construir " +"sobre su contenido para cualquier propósito, incluso comercial, mientras dé " +"el crédito apropiado, provea un enlace a la licencia, e indique si se " +"realizaron cambios. Si remezcla, transforma, o construye sobre el material, " +"debe distribuir sus contribuciones bajo el mismo licenciamiento que el " +"material original. Detalles de licenciamiento: <ulink url=\"http://" +"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid "" "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" @@ -123,41 +143,47 @@ msgstr "" ">. Traducción de las ilustraciones por María Victoria Jiménez Sánchez." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "Editor: Gunnar Wolf." #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr "" "Traductores: Gunnar Eyal Wolf Iszaevich, Luis Enrique Amaya González, " "Leonardo Arias Fonseca, Evelin Heidel, Jorge Andrés Delgado-Ron" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." -msgstr "Libro descargable disponible en <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " +#| "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " +#| "platform." msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" "Hecho con Creative Commons se publicó con el amable soporte de Creative " "Commons y los patrocinadores de nuestra campaña de financiamiento en la " "plataforma Kickstarter.com." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" +#| "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on " +#| "<ulink url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you " +#| "find any error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" "Esta edición del libro se mantiene en <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, y sus traducciones se coordinan en <ulink " @@ -165,37 +191,38 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier error en el libro, por favor háganoslo saber mediante Gitlab." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" -msgstr "Clasificaciones:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" +msgstr "" +"ISBN: POR-SER-DECIDIDO (PDF), POR-SER-DECIDIDO (ePub), POR-SER-DECIDIDO " +"(Edición de papel)" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 -msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" -msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" +msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" -msgstr "(UDK) ?" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "(Biblioteca del Congreso de EUA) Z286 O63 S73 2017" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "(Melvil) 025.523" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " @@ -211,17 +238,17 @@ msgstr "" "la oportunidad de hacer en nuestra vida diaria." #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "Prefacio" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -241,7 +268,7 @@ msgstr "" "cortina de humo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " @@ -256,7 +283,7 @@ msgstr "" "dinero es un medio para un fin social, no el fin mismo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -272,7 +299,7 @@ msgstr "" "lotería.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -290,7 +317,7 @@ msgstr "" "vivir según sus valores." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -302,11 +329,11 @@ msgstr "" "los medios para continuar creando y compartiendo frecuentemente requiere de " "algunos ingresos. Max Temkin, en Cards Against Humanity, lo explica muy " "bien en su estudio de caso: <quote>No hacemos chistes y juegos para hacer " -"dinero —hacemos dinero para poder seguir haciendo más chistes y " -"juegos.</quote>" +"dinero —hacemos dinero para poder seguir haciendo más chistes y juegos.</" +"quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -324,7 +351,7 @@ msgstr "" "<emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -343,7 +370,7 @@ msgstr "" "la pasión que inspira a sus colegas y a su comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -365,7 +392,7 @@ msgstr "" "debatir." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -386,7 +413,7 @@ msgstr "" "y llevó a que el libro resulte mejor, al ser interesante, honesto y útil." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -402,7 +429,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo de negocios abierto." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -420,7 +447,7 @@ msgstr "" "su primera contribución a Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -441,7 +468,7 @@ msgstr "" "mejor proyecto." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -452,7 +479,7 @@ msgstr "" "un gran regalo. Lo que reciben a cambio es gratitud y una comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -470,7 +497,7 @@ msgstr "" "público global." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -491,14 +518,14 @@ msgstr "" "se reúnen alrededor de intereses o creencias comunes. Hasta cierto grado, " "simplemente ser Hecho con Creative Commons automáticamente trae consigo un " "cierto elemento de comunidad, ayudando a conectar con terceros como uno " -"mismo que reconocen y son atraídos por los valores simbolizados por usar " -"CC.</quote> Amanda Palmer, la otra música perfilada en el libro, seguramente " +"mismo que reconocen y son atraídos por los valores simbolizados por usar CC." +"</quote> Amanda Palmer, la otra música perfilada en el libro, seguramente " "agregaría esto de su estudio de caso: <quote>No hay un objetivo más " "satisfactorio que el que alguien te diga que lo que haces genuinamente les " "resulta valioso.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -518,7 +545,7 @@ msgstr "" "oportunidades de negocios y dos docenas de dosis de inspiración pura." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -538,7 +565,7 @@ msgstr "" "de quienes se van haciendo amigos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -554,29 +581,29 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" "Ese es el verdadero valor de las cosas que están <emphasis>Hechas con " "Creative Commons</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Introducción" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." @@ -585,7 +612,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocios, pero con un giro adicional." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -610,7 +637,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñar y analizar su modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -626,7 +653,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo que escuchamos y profundizamos en la literatura." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." @@ -636,7 +663,7 @@ msgstr "" "escuchábamos." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -652,7 +679,7 @@ msgstr "" "sostener sus operaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -668,7 +695,7 @@ msgstr "" "siempre</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -687,7 +714,7 @@ msgstr "" "transcurso de un año y medio." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -706,7 +733,7 @@ msgstr "" "enfoques diferentes pero complementarios a lo largo de las secciones." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." @@ -716,7 +743,7 @@ msgstr "" "dos partes principales:" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -733,7 +760,7 @@ msgstr "" "defiende la importancia de compartir y enriquecer los comunes digitales." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -753,7 +780,7 @@ msgstr "" "impulsan conexiones con la gente con quienes comparten." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -767,7 +794,7 @@ msgstr "" "son la única manera de hacer dinero." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -779,7 +806,7 @@ msgstr "" "perfiles." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -790,7 +817,7 @@ msgstr "" "traduce, localiza y construye sobre de este trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -805,27 +832,27 @@ msgstr "" "contribuya a transformar nuestra economía y al mundo para mejor." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "<attribution>Paul <?latex \\textup{?>y<?latex } ?> Sarah</attribution>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "El panorama completo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "El nuevo mundo de los comunes digitales" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "Paul Stacey" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" @@ -833,7 +860,7 @@ msgstr "" "Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -853,7 +880,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -875,7 +902,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons para compartir sus recursos en línea a través de Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." @@ -884,12 +911,12 @@ msgstr "" "Life of the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 15." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -916,17 +943,17 @@ msgstr "" "sostenibilidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "Los comunes, el mercado y el Estado" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 145." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -939,12 +966,12 @@ msgstr "" "dominantes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 175." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -966,7 +993,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado o Estado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -977,7 +1004,7 @@ msgstr "" "involucramiento con los comunes, el Estado y el mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -998,7 +1025,7 @@ msgstr "" "afecta el balance de normas bajo las cuales operan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -1016,7 +1043,7 @@ msgstr "" "mezclar lo mejor de ambos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -1030,30 +1057,30 @@ msgstr "" "derechos de autor, negocios y finanzas para promoverlos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" "Una empresa puede tener niveles variables de involucramiento con los bienes " "comunes, el Estado y el mercado." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "Pictures/es/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -1072,12 +1099,12 @@ msgstr "" "resultaría una estrategia exitosa. <?latex \\newpage ?>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "Los cuatro aspectos de un recurso" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -1090,7 +1117,7 @@ msgstr "" "y Katherine J. Strandburg (Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -1110,7 +1137,7 @@ msgstr "" "generalizado para aplicarlo a los comunes, al mercado y al Estado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -1127,23 +1154,23 @@ msgstr "" "ese uso (véase la Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-2\"/>)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "Cuatro aspectos de administración de recursos." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "Pictures/es/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "Características" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -1157,7 +1184,7 @@ msgstr "" "el potencial inherente del recurso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -1178,7 +1205,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -1196,7 +1223,7 @@ msgstr "" "una característica inherente de los recursos digitales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -1212,7 +1239,7 @@ msgstr "" "abundantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -1232,7 +1259,7 @@ msgstr "" "un recurso digital en uno físico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -1253,12 +1280,12 @@ msgstr "" "ocasiones, mejorada." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "Personas y procesos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -1269,7 +1296,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiene voz, así como la forma en que un recurso se gestiona." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -1286,7 +1313,7 @@ msgstr "" "gestionan recursos con base en prioridades y procedimientos del gobierno." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -1304,7 +1331,7 @@ msgstr "" "una transacción de efectivo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." @@ -1313,7 +1340,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creativity and the Commons</emphasis> (Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -1344,23 +1371,23 @@ msgstr "" "anónimos y más personales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "Cómo el mercado, los comunes y el Estado conciben los recursos." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "Pictures/es/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "Normas y reglas" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1371,7 +1398,7 @@ msgstr "" "Éstas definen permisos, asignan derechos y resuelven disputas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1387,7 +1414,7 @@ msgstr "" "de las reglas mediante las cuales se regula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1398,12 +1425,12 @@ msgstr "" "y leyes financieras definidas por el Estado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1420,12 +1447,12 @@ msgstr "" "sostenibilidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "Objetivos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1439,7 +1466,7 @@ msgstr "" "los comunes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1452,7 +1479,7 @@ msgstr "" "Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1469,7 +1496,7 @@ msgstr "" "y estas todas son formas de medir los objetivos del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1486,7 +1513,7 @@ msgstr "" "Estado se reflejan en mediciones de calidad de vida." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1504,7 +1531,7 @@ msgstr "" "social." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1517,12 +1544,12 @@ msgstr "" "diferentes aspectos de la gestión de recursos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "Una corta historia de los comunes" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1539,7 +1566,7 @@ msgstr "" "reportes noticiosos o discursos acerca de los comunes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1554,7 +1581,7 @@ msgstr "" "historia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1565,7 +1592,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 42–43." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1587,23 +1614,23 @@ msgstr "" "ilustra a los comunes en relación a el Estado y el mercado)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "En la sociedad preindustrializada." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "Pictures/es/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, 55–78." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1615,7 +1642,7 @@ msgstr "" "emphasis>, 88." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1637,7 +1664,7 @@ msgstr "" "figura <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-5\"/>)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1664,18 +1691,18 @@ msgstr "" "son gestionados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "Los comunes son gradualmente reemplazados por el Estado." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "Pictures/es/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." @@ -1685,7 +1712,7 @@ msgstr "" "la sobreexplotación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1705,7 +1732,7 @@ msgstr "" "justificación para la propiedad privada y el libre mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1716,7 +1743,7 @@ msgstr "" "Strandburg, <emphasis>Governing Knowledge Commons</emphasis>, 12." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1753,7 +1780,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1775,7 +1802,7 @@ msgstr "" "haberse titulado de forma más precisa La tragedia del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." @@ -1784,7 +1811,7 @@ msgstr "" "Hepting, <emphasis>Free Knowledge</emphasis>, 203." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1808,7 +1835,7 @@ msgstr "" "y reglas usuales del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1822,23 +1849,23 @@ msgstr "" "ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "Cómo el mercado, el Estado y los comunes se ven al día de hoy." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "Pictures/es/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "La revolución digital" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1850,14 +1877,14 @@ msgstr "" "conjunto de principios y libertades:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" "La libertad de ejecutar un programa de software de la forma en que desee, " "para cualquier propósito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1868,12 +1895,12 @@ msgstr "" "realice el cómputo como lo requiera cada quién." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "La libertad de redistribuir copias." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1884,7 +1911,7 @@ msgstr "" "diciembre de 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -1893,7 +1920,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." @@ -1902,7 +1929,7 @@ msgstr "" "tipifican a los comunes digitales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." @@ -1911,7 +1938,7 @@ msgstr "" "de noviembre de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1942,7 +1969,7 @@ msgstr "" "un candado propietario sobre los protocolos centrales de Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1955,7 +1982,7 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1978,7 +2005,7 @@ msgstr "" "<emphasis>Hechos con Creative Commons</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -2004,7 +2031,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin el permiso del creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -2015,7 +2042,7 @@ msgstr "" "2011), <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -2031,12 +2058,12 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "El nacimiento de Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -2055,7 +2082,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo creativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -2066,7 +2093,7 @@ msgstr "" "work/licensing-considerations/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -2097,7 +2124,7 @@ msgstr "" "asociadas con contenidos digitales que forman parte de los comunes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -2113,7 +2140,7 @@ msgstr "" "revistas, recursos educativos, música y otros tipos de audio y vídeos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." @@ -2122,7 +2149,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -2141,7 +2168,7 @@ msgstr "" "de estudio fueron escogidos buscando reflejar esa diversidad.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -2165,7 +2192,7 @@ msgstr "" "el del software libre y de código abierto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -2181,7 +2208,7 @@ msgstr "" "de forma libre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -2192,7 +2219,7 @@ msgstr "" "org/wiki/Open_Government_Partnership\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -2217,22 +2244,22 @@ msgstr "" "libres para el público que pagó por ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "El mercado cambiante" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "Capra y Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 116." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -2260,7 +2287,7 @@ msgstr "" "de la democracia.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -2271,7 +2298,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://sida.se/globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -2287,7 +2314,7 @@ msgstr "" ">" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -2304,7 +2331,7 @@ msgstr "" "cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -2315,7 +2342,7 @@ msgstr "" "amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -2337,7 +2364,7 @@ msgstr "" "cohesión social y la seguridad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." @@ -2346,7 +2373,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015), 42." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -2383,7 +2410,7 @@ msgstr "" "pueden usar y derivar valor de un activo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -2394,7 +2421,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuevo prefacio (Nueva York: Hyperion, 2010), 78." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -2419,7 +2446,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -2446,7 +2473,7 @@ msgstr "" "es la abundancia sobre la escasez." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -2457,7 +2484,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014) , 273." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -2476,7 +2503,7 @@ msgstr "" "ideando sus propios modelos y prácticas económicas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -2490,7 +2517,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -2502,7 +2529,7 @@ msgstr "" "Chelsea Green, 2013), 39." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." @@ -2512,7 +2539,7 @@ msgstr "" "Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -2539,7 +2566,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -2551,7 +2578,7 @@ msgstr "" "model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -2569,7 +2596,7 @@ msgstr "" "de negocios.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." @@ -2578,7 +2605,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -2595,7 +2622,7 @@ msgstr "" "d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -2621,7 +2648,7 @@ msgstr "" "económico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -2647,7 +2674,7 @@ msgstr "" "cuidadosamente usando un modelo predefinido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -2663,7 +2690,7 @@ msgstr "" "generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -2691,12 +2718,12 @@ msgstr "" "sostenibilidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "Beneficios de los comunes digitales" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -2710,7 +2737,7 @@ msgstr "" "beneficios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -2726,7 +2753,7 @@ msgstr "" "distribución descentralizada amplifica el suministro y la experiencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -2751,7 +2778,7 @@ msgstr "" "equidad y justicia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -2776,7 +2803,7 @@ msgstr "" "que benefician a la sociedad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -2787,7 +2814,7 @@ msgstr "" "Press, 2006), 31–44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -2816,7 +2843,7 @@ msgstr "" "relación con la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -2840,7 +2867,7 @@ msgstr "" "construyen sobre su trabajo, tanto local como globalmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -2865,7 +2892,7 @@ msgstr "" "al público y contribuye al valor de los comunes en su totalidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -2893,7 +2920,7 @@ msgstr "" "de un intercambio monetario, los comunes unifican a las personas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -2906,12 +2933,12 @@ msgstr "" "opción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "Nuestros casos de estudio" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -2934,7 +2961,7 @@ msgstr "" "acerca del resultado financiero final." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2950,7 +2977,7 @@ msgstr "" "cumpliendo y qué tan sostenible es la empresa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2969,7 +2996,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitales pero pueden convertirse en recursos físicos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2985,7 +3012,7 @@ msgstr "" "monetarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2998,7 +3025,7 @@ msgstr "" "mundo. Construir e interactuar en esta comunidad global conduce al éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -3024,7 +3051,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -3042,7 +3069,7 @@ msgstr "" "una alternativa más balanceada es posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -3060,17 +3087,17 @@ msgstr "" "una guía e ideas de cómo trabaja." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -3102,7 +3129,7 @@ msgstr "" "también hacer uso de éste." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -3122,7 +3149,7 @@ msgstr "" "definiciones de éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -3133,7 +3160,7 @@ msgstr "" "investigaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -3151,7 +3178,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons usando sólo una perspectiva de negocio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -3163,7 +3190,7 @@ msgstr "" "generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -3185,7 +3212,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -3199,7 +3226,7 @@ msgstr "" "libro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -3219,7 +3246,7 @@ msgstr "" "de seguir leyendo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -3242,7 +3269,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocios podría estar un poco desviado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -3258,7 +3285,7 @@ msgstr "" "capas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -3285,7 +3312,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartida. " #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -3309,7 +3336,7 @@ msgstr "" "conexión." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -3325,7 +3352,7 @@ msgstr "" "del éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." @@ -3334,7 +3361,7 @@ msgstr "" "Internet Age</emphasis> (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -3360,7 +3387,7 @@ msgstr "" "usarlo? Debe tener un uso y significado personal.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -3380,7 +3407,7 @@ msgstr "" "usando una licencia Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -3401,7 +3428,7 @@ msgstr "" "éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -3412,7 +3439,7 @@ msgstr "" "hay que hacer suficiente dinero para mantener las luces encendidas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -3434,12 +3461,12 @@ msgstr "" "anuncios que sus antepasados por una fracción del precio</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 55." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -3465,7 +3492,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo por amor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -3476,7 +3503,7 @@ msgstr "" "prefacio (Nueva York: Hyperion, 2010), 224." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -3500,13 +3527,13 @@ msgstr "" "personalizado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" "Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -3538,7 +3565,7 @@ msgstr "" "creativos pueden ser mucho más modestas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -3564,7 +3591,7 @@ msgstr "" "bien, es solo acerca de mantener la operación funcionando día a día.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -3579,7 +3606,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo real conforme persiguen esta nueva forma de operar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -3590,12 +3617,12 @@ msgstr "" "ayuda a resolver el <quote>problema cero.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "Problema cero: ser descubierto" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." @@ -3605,7 +3632,7 @@ msgstr "" "121." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." @@ -3614,7 +3641,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Nueva York: Signal, 2012), 64." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -3652,7 +3679,7 @@ msgstr "" "estamos limitados a lo que requieren las masas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." @@ -3661,12 +3688,12 @@ msgstr "" "Life of the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Makers</emphasis>, 66." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." @@ -3675,7 +3702,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy</emphasis> (Nueva York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -3708,12 +3735,12 @@ msgstr "" "alguna forma, tiene que llamar la atención de las personas correctas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 62." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -3744,13 +3771,13 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo y que lo compartan con otros es contraproducente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" "Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 38." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -3764,7 +3791,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -3785,12 +3812,12 @@ msgstr "" "generado una inmensa cantidad de buena voluntad dentro de la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, 68." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -3807,7 +3834,7 @@ msgstr "" "criminalizados.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -3825,7 +3852,7 @@ msgstr "" "creativo no tiene repercusión en la capacidad de nadie más para usarlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -3855,12 +3882,12 @@ msgstr "" "oportunidades que el compartir desbloqueó para ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 86." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -3880,13 +3907,13 @@ msgstr "" "demuestra que usted entiende a Internet.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" "Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 144." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -3909,7 +3936,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo que nunca hubieran podido hacer de otra manera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." @@ -3918,12 +3945,12 @@ msgstr "" "beneficio. Aquí hay unas cuantas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "Usar CC para generar una audiencia más grande" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -3947,7 +3974,7 @@ msgstr "" "personas compartan?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -3964,12 +3991,12 @@ msgstr "" "posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 123." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -3997,17 +4024,17 @@ msgstr "" "aún más accesible y que sea más probable que prolifere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 132." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 70." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -4027,12 +4054,12 @@ msgstr "" "parcial de calidad o utilidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "Usar CC para obtener atribución y reconocimiento de nombre" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -4043,7 +4070,7 @@ msgstr "" "leyes y contratos es qué tan poco frecuentemente son invocados.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -4076,7 +4103,7 @@ msgstr "" "consistente con nociones básicas de justicia, como dar crédito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -4103,7 +4130,7 @@ msgstr "" "citando su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -4130,7 +4157,7 @@ msgstr "" "una parte especial del producto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -4148,13 +4175,13 @@ msgstr "" "confiable de información es más valioso que nunca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" "Utilizar el contenido licenciado con CC como una herramienta publicitaria" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -4172,12 +4199,12 @@ msgstr "" "y llevar a la gente a otro producto o servicio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -4208,7 +4235,7 @@ msgstr "" "promoción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -4239,14 +4266,14 @@ msgstr "" "libros de texto de OpenStax)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" "Utilizar CC para que otros se comprometan con tu trabajo y participen " "activamente" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -4259,13 +4286,13 @@ msgstr "" "la participación pública en el trabajo creativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" "Osterwalder y Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis>, 23." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -4290,22 +4317,22 @@ msgstr "" "posibilidad de adaptar una foto es menos importante." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 67." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 58." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Makers</emphasis>, 71." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." @@ -4314,7 +4341,7 @@ msgstr "" "into Collaborators</emphasis> (Londres: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -4344,12 +4371,12 @@ msgstr "" "creado por otro.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 21." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -4370,18 +4397,18 @@ msgstr "" "profundamente con tu trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "Usar CC para diferenciarse" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" "Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 43." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -4410,12 +4437,12 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, dijo David. <quote>Cambia las reglas del juego.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "Hacer dinero" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -4428,7 +4455,7 @@ msgstr "" "entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -4462,12 +4489,12 @@ msgstr "" "sentido de reciprocidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "Shirky, <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>, 111." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -4488,7 +4515,7 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -4506,18 +4533,18 @@ msgstr "" "abstracción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "Flujos de ingresos basados en el mercado" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" "Osterwalder y Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis>, 30." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." @@ -4526,7 +4553,7 @@ msgstr "" "Performance</emphasis> (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -4546,12 +4573,12 @@ msgstr "" "añadido que uno le da al producto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 71." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -4583,12 +4610,12 @@ msgstr "" "manteniendo un precio en contra de la fuerza de la gravedad.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 231." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -4611,7 +4638,7 @@ msgstr "" "versión gratuita</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -4628,7 +4655,7 @@ msgstr "" "los valores detrás de <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -4642,12 +4669,12 @@ msgstr "" "servicio asociado con un costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "Presentamos ahora algunas de la categorías principales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" @@ -4656,12 +4683,12 @@ msgstr "" "<emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 97." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -4684,18 +4711,18 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>Una-canción-al-día</quote> Mann." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Cobrando por la copia física <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Makers</emphasis>, 107." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -4739,14 +4766,14 @@ msgstr "" "servicio o algún otro principio de trabajo tradicional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Cobrando por la versión en persona <emphasis>[BASADA EN EL MERCADO]</" "emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -4765,12 +4792,12 @@ msgstr "" "capacitación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "Vendiendo mercancía <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -4784,13 +4811,13 @@ msgstr "" "museos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" "Osterwalder y Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis>, 89." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -4817,24 +4844,24 @@ msgstr "" "dispuesta a pagar –hay otros servicios que también se pueden proveer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Cobrando a los anunciantes o promotores <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</" "emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 92." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 142." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -4862,14 +4889,14 @@ msgstr "" "particular, o de toda la empresa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Cobrando a los creadores de contenido <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</" "emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -4894,20 +4921,20 @@ msgstr "" "del contenido del sitio Web de <emphasis>The Conversation</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Cobrando una cuota por transacción <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</" "emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" "Osterwalder y Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis>, 32." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -4931,7 +4958,7 @@ msgstr "" "creador para hacer mobiliario basado en uno de los diseños en su plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" @@ -4939,7 +4966,7 @@ msgstr "" "emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -4957,13 +4984,13 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyen a la plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Licenciando una marca registrada <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -4985,12 +5012,12 @@ msgstr "" "del contenido bajo CC." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "Flujos de ingresos basados en la reciprocidad" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -5004,7 +5031,7 @@ msgstr "" "escasez." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -5028,7 +5055,7 @@ msgstr "" "dado y el recibido sean estrictamente iguales.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -5044,17 +5071,17 @@ msgstr "" "sobrevivir y evolucionar.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, 150." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 134." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -5069,7 +5096,7 @@ msgstr "" "\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" @@ -5077,7 +5104,7 @@ msgstr "" "emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -5104,13 +5131,13 @@ msgstr "" "que esta estratega triunfe." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "El modelo paga lo que quieres <emphasis>[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -5133,13 +5160,13 @@ msgstr "" "podríamos encontrar la manera de obtenerlas gratuitamente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Financiamiento comunitario <emphasis>[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -5173,7 +5200,7 @@ msgstr "" "</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -5191,12 +5218,12 @@ msgstr "" "con la comunidad bibliotecaria y con la idea de acceso abierto general." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "Creando conexiones humanas" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -5227,7 +5254,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -5244,7 +5271,7 @@ msgstr "" "creativas con las personas que valoran lo que ellos hacen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -5255,7 +5282,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -5266,7 +5293,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons</emphasis>. Y resultó que estaba equivocada en muchos aspectos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -5289,7 +5316,7 @@ msgstr "" "abrir el ángulo desde el cual se mira." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -5316,7 +5343,7 @@ msgstr "" "con nuestros valores, con todos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -5329,12 +5356,12 @@ msgstr "" "recordarnos cómo es realmente compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "Ser humano" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." @@ -5343,7 +5370,7 @@ msgstr "" "Our Decisions</emphasis>, rev. ed. (Nueva York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -5361,7 +5388,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer fácil que nos olvidemos que estamos tratando con otro ser humano." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." @@ -5370,7 +5397,7 @@ msgstr "" "Get Discovered</emphasis> (Nueva York: Workman, 2014), 93." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -5398,7 +5425,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -5422,12 +5449,12 @@ msgstr "" "significativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "Kramer, <emphasis>Shareology</emphasis>, 76." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -5449,22 +5476,22 @@ msgstr "" "simular la humanidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "Ser abierto y responsable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "Palmer, <emphasis>Art of Asking</emphasis>, 252." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "Whitehurst, <emphasis>Open Organization</emphasis>, 145." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -5488,17 +5515,17 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "Surowiecki, <emphasis>Wisdom of Crowds</emphasis>, 203." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "Whitehurst, <emphasis>Open Organization</emphasis>, 80." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -5528,22 +5555,22 @@ msgstr "" "interese en lo que hace." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "Diseñar para los buenos actores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, 25." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 31." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -5576,12 +5603,12 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons</emphasis> están diseñadas para los buenos actores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "Shirky, <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>, 112." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -5603,12 +5630,12 @@ msgstr "" "acentúen nuestros instintos sociales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "Surowiecki, <emphasis>Wisdom of Crowds</emphasis>, 124." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -5633,22 +5660,22 @@ msgstr "" "general, lo hacen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "Tratar a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "Kleon, <emphasis>Show Your Work</emphasis>, 127." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "Palmer, <emphasis>Art of Asking</emphasis>, 121." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -5671,7 +5698,7 @@ msgstr "" "todo lo que le dicen.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -5683,17 +5710,17 @@ msgstr "" "con los usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "Ariely, <emphasis>Predictably Irrational</emphasis>, 87." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 105." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -5722,12 +5749,12 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "Establecer principios y mantenerse apegado a ellos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -5750,7 +5777,7 @@ msgstr "" "Regularmente suceden ambas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -5771,12 +5798,12 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad OER (recursos abiertos educativos) en la que ellos operan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 36." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -5791,12 +5818,12 @@ msgstr "" "motivados y construye confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "Construir una comunidad" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." @@ -5805,7 +5832,7 @@ msgstr "" "CA: O’Reilly Media, 2012), 36." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -5827,17 +5854,17 @@ msgstr "" "CC." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "Palmer, <emphasis>Art of Asking</emphasis>, 98." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "Whitehurst, <emphasis>Open Organization</emphasis>, 34." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -5867,17 +5894,17 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "Surowiecki, <emphasis>Wisdom of Crowds</emphasis>, 200." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, 29." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -5905,7 +5932,7 @@ msgstr "" "desvinculación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." @@ -5915,12 +5942,12 @@ msgstr "" "es lo que verdaderamente significa compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "Contribuir más a los comunes de lo que tomamos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -5933,7 +5960,7 @@ msgstr "" "economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." @@ -5942,7 +5969,7 @@ msgstr "" "emphasis>, reimpresión con un nuevo epílogo (Nueva York: Portfolio, 2012)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -5972,7 +5999,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Eso no es compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -5983,7 +6010,7 @@ msgstr "" "url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -6012,7 +6039,7 @@ msgstr "" "activamente su trabajo en la plataforma de una manera efectiva." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -6031,28 +6058,28 @@ msgstr "" "valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que tú añadiste." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "Involucrar a la gente en lo que haces" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Makers</emphasis>, 148." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "Shirky, <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>, 164." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "Whitehurst, prefacio de <emphasis>Open Organization</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -6080,12 +6107,12 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"2\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "Shirky, <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>, 144." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -6106,17 +6133,17 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 154." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "Palmer, <emphasis>Art of Asking</emphasis>, 163." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -6156,12 +6183,12 @@ msgstr "" "\"1\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Makers</emphasis>, 173." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." @@ -6170,7 +6197,7 @@ msgstr "" "Potential within Us All</emphasis> (Nueva York: Crown, 2013), 82." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -6198,7 +6225,7 @@ msgstr "" "florezca.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." @@ -6208,7 +6235,7 @@ msgstr "" "188." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -6232,12 +6259,12 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "Las licencias Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -6264,29 +6291,29 @@ msgstr "" "patentes o marcas registradas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "A continuación se presentan las seis licencias:" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -6300,12 +6327,12 @@ msgstr "" "de materiales licenciados." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -6323,12 +6350,12 @@ msgstr "" "derivada también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -6339,12 +6366,12 @@ msgstr "" "modificaciones y te den crédito como autor." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -6357,12 +6384,12 @@ msgstr "" "no tienen la obligación de licenciarlos bajo estos mismos términos." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -6374,12 +6401,12 @@ msgstr "" "creaciones bajo los mismos términos." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -6392,7 +6419,7 @@ msgstr "" "posibilidad de modificarla de ninguna manera o utilizarla comercialmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -6404,12 +6431,12 @@ msgstr "" "cuyos plazos de derechos de autor han expirado:" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." @@ -6419,12 +6446,12 @@ msgstr "" "quote>)." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." @@ -6434,7 +6461,7 @@ msgstr "" "derecho autoral." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -6456,7 +6483,7 @@ msgstr "" "digital, amplifican su involucramiento y compromiso de compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -6483,7 +6510,7 @@ msgstr "" "físicas del mismo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -6508,7 +6535,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguen soñando con que una etiqueta distribuidora descubra su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -6522,7 +6549,7 @@ msgstr "" "médicos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -6546,12 +6573,12 @@ msgstr "" "normas entre distintos dominios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "Nota:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -6565,12 +6592,12 @@ msgstr "" "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "Los estudios de caso" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -6589,7 +6616,7 @@ msgstr "" "del Kickstarter, y la misma cantidad fueron seleccionados por nosotros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -6605,12 +6632,12 @@ msgstr "" "entrevistamos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "Arduino" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." @@ -6619,12 +6646,12 @@ msgstr "" "hardware y software con fines de lucro. Fundada en Italia en 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -6636,15 +6663,15 @@ msgstr "" "productos Arduino utilizando su nombre)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de febrero de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" @@ -6653,25 +6680,25 @@ msgstr "" "Igoe, cofundadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -6699,7 +6726,7 @@ msgstr "" "software bajo la Licencia Pública General (GPL) de GNU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -6717,7 +6744,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer artes visuales)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -6734,7 +6761,7 @@ msgstr "" "mucho más allá de lo que pensamos siquiera en construir.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -6754,7 +6781,7 @@ msgstr "" "de Tom, <quote>abrir las fuentes facilita confiar en un producto.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -6771,7 +6798,7 @@ msgstr "" "invirtieron en sostener y mejorar a Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -6788,7 +6815,7 @@ msgstr "" "vender el producto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -6815,7 +6842,7 @@ msgstr "" "comprará." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -6845,7 +6872,7 @@ msgstr "" "tanto para novatos como para expertos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -6862,7 +6889,7 @@ msgstr "" "suficientemente altos para sostener el negocio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -6877,7 +6904,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir las cosas bajo un modelo abierto únicamente le ayudará</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -6900,7 +6927,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons para asegurar que la nueva versión es igualmente libre y abierta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -6922,12 +6949,12 @@ msgstr "" "incorpora en sus nuevos productos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -6951,7 +6978,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -6977,7 +7004,7 @@ msgstr "" "ese punto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -7001,7 +7028,7 @@ msgstr "" "no sufre por copias de mala calidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -7020,7 +7047,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación de ganancias para Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -7038,12 +7065,12 @@ msgstr "" "crítica para Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -7072,7 +7099,7 @@ msgstr "" "compatibles y falsificados.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -7088,7 +7115,7 @@ msgstr "" "</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -7105,7 +7132,7 @@ msgstr "" "tecnología es un tipo de alfabetización que todos deberían aprender.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -7116,12 +7143,12 @@ msgstr "" "distribución, bueno para los precios y bueno para la manufactura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "Ártica" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -7132,12 +7159,12 @@ msgstr "" "colaboración en las artes y la cultura. Fundada en 2011 en Uruguay." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" @@ -7146,14 +7173,14 @@ msgstr "" "servicios personalizados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 9 de marzo de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" @@ -7162,21 +7189,21 @@ msgstr "" "Gemetto, cofundadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -7189,12 +7216,12 @@ msgstr "" "esencialmente uno que ellos construyeron por sí mismos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "El trabajo de sus sueños no existía, así que lo crearon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -7216,7 +7243,7 @@ msgstr "" "crean proyectos artísticos y culturales en Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -7242,7 +7269,7 @@ msgstr "" "barreras ni intermediarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -7263,7 +7290,7 @@ msgstr "" "por los servicios personalizados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -7281,7 +7308,7 @@ msgstr "" "especializados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -7297,7 +7324,7 @@ msgstr "" "individuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -7312,7 +7339,7 @@ msgstr "" "les lleva a algo nuevo, cada nuevo recurso que crean abre nuevas puertas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -7343,7 +7370,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -7359,7 +7386,7 @@ msgstr "" "oportunidades para su negocio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -7381,7 +7408,7 @@ msgstr "" "libro.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -7400,7 +7427,7 @@ msgstr "" "proceso es tan importante como el producto final." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -7415,7 +7442,7 @@ msgstr "" "contenidos son fluidos. Lo importante son las relaciones.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -7426,7 +7453,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir sus conocimientos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -7452,7 +7479,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo es la misión de democratizar el arte y la cultura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -7469,7 +7496,7 @@ msgstr "" "pequeña, eficiente y sostenible, y por esto, es un éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -7485,7 +7512,7 @@ msgstr "" "colaborativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -7500,12 +7527,12 @@ msgstr "" "cómo se ve.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "Blender Institute" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." @@ -7514,12 +7541,12 @@ msgstr "" "utilizando el software Blender. Fundado en 2006 en los Países Bajos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" @@ -7529,14 +7556,14 @@ msgstr "" "copias físicas, venta de mercancía." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 8 de marzo de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" @@ -7545,7 +7572,7 @@ msgstr "" "coordinador de producción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -7566,7 +7593,7 @@ msgstr "" "Blender y a su comunidad de maneras concretas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -7587,7 +7614,7 @@ msgstr "" "conjunto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -7601,7 +7628,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -7623,7 +7650,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo la Licencia Pública General GNU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -7647,7 +7674,7 @@ msgstr "" "una comunidad de desarrolladores para que el proyecto pudiera vivir.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -7664,7 +7691,7 @@ msgstr "" "para supervisar y administrar el desarrollo y mantenimiento de software." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -7685,7 +7712,7 @@ msgstr "" "programa Blender." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -7704,7 +7731,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -7719,7 +7746,7 @@ msgstr "" "viralizó, y sus caracteres animados fueron recogidos por vendedores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -7745,7 +7772,7 @@ msgstr "" "siempre podemos contratarlos por limitantes presupuestales.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -7764,7 +7791,7 @@ msgstr "" "ve y comprende el beneficio de estos proyectos</quote>, dice Francesco." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -7782,7 +7809,7 @@ msgstr "" "divertido, pero termina. Eso es un problema</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -7812,7 +7839,7 @@ msgstr "" "utilizados en varios proyectos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -7826,7 +7853,7 @@ msgstr "" "artistas, la libertad lo es todo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -7844,7 +7871,7 @@ msgstr "" "de Blender." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -7857,7 +7884,7 @@ msgstr "" "una licencia nunca fue parte de su modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -7876,17 +7903,17 @@ msgstr "" "y presupuesto reproducir lo que hiciste</quote>, dijo Ton." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "Para Ton y Blender, a fin de cuentas, todo se trata de hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "Cards Against Humanity" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." @@ -7896,12 +7923,12 @@ msgstr "" "Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" @@ -7910,20 +7937,20 @@ msgstr "" "físicas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 3 de febrero de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofundador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -7936,7 +7963,7 @@ msgstr "" "dinero del que ganamos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -7956,7 +7983,7 @@ msgstr "" "juego hilarante y divertido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -7971,7 +7998,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficiales, así como ediciones internacionales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -7984,7 +8011,7 @@ msgstr "" "las descargas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -7999,7 +8026,7 @@ msgstr "" "todo un nuevo juego por sí solo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -8010,7 +8037,7 @@ msgstr "" "base de seguidores masiva." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -8036,7 +8063,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficialmente a mercado en mayo de 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -8048,7 +8075,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -8062,7 +8089,7 @@ msgstr "" "</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -8091,7 +8118,7 @@ msgstr "" "decidieron iniciar su Venta de Todo Cuesta 5 Dólares Más." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -8103,7 +8130,7 @@ msgstr "" "perfectamente el chiste.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -8117,7 +8144,7 @@ msgstr "" "haya transparencia en lo que hacemos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -8135,7 +8162,7 @@ msgstr "" "dólares en un sólo día." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -8160,7 +8187,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC, lo pagaría 100 veces, porque los beneficios son muchísimos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -8176,7 +8203,7 @@ msgstr "" "del juego creadas por los seguidores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -8190,7 +8217,7 @@ msgstr "" "en la comercialización</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -8215,7 +8242,7 @@ msgstr "" "puñado de casos en los que involucraron a un abogado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -8237,7 +8264,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -8259,7 +8286,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicado, una vez que la gente crea sus propias adaptaciones del juego." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -8274,7 +8301,7 @@ msgstr "" "poder hacer más chistes y juegos</quote>, dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -8291,7 +8318,7 @@ msgstr "" "la emoción del juego hacia ellas.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -8307,7 +8334,7 @@ msgstr "" "obtener más dinero de los clientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -8320,12 +8347,12 @@ msgstr "" "valores, de quién es uno, y por qué está haciendo las cosas</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "The Conversation" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -8336,12 +8363,12 @@ msgstr "" "través de Internet. Fundado en el 2011 en Australia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -8352,14 +8379,14 @@ msgstr "" "tener a sus profesores como escritores), donaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, fundador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -8379,7 +8406,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo alternativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -8395,7 +8422,7 @@ msgstr "" "sexy." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -8435,7 +8462,7 @@ msgstr "" "experiencia ante amplias audiencias." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -8461,7 +8488,7 @@ msgstr "" "escribiendo lo que ellos quieran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -8485,7 +8512,7 @@ msgstr "" "abiertamente licenciado con Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -8505,12 +8532,12 @@ msgstr "" "en evidencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -8541,7 +8568,7 @@ msgstr "" "poder compartirlo o republicarlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -8565,7 +8592,7 @@ msgstr "" "todo lo que hace <emphasis>The Conversation</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -8581,7 +8608,7 @@ msgstr "" "proveedor acreditado para el Feed de Noticias de Google." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -8600,7 +8627,7 @@ msgstr "" "de lucro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -8620,7 +8647,7 @@ msgstr "" "partes del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -8638,7 +8665,7 @@ msgstr "" "mejorar la cobertura y las características distintivas del servicio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -8654,7 +8681,7 @@ msgstr "" "fundadores</quote>, con asientos en el consejo editorial asesor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -8674,7 +8701,7 @@ msgstr "" "republicando el artículo y el número de lecturas por artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -8691,7 +8718,7 @@ msgstr "" "una consulta de una empresa sobre un tema." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -8702,7 +8729,7 @@ msgstr "" "comprometerse con el público y mostrar por qué son de valor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -8718,12 +8745,12 @@ msgstr "" "como ganancias que permitan operar al mismo tiempo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "Cory Doctorow" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." @@ -8732,7 +8759,7 @@ msgstr "" "periodista. Vive en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" @@ -8741,7 +8768,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" @@ -8751,14 +8778,14 @@ msgstr "" "traducción de los libros" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 12 de enero de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -8776,7 +8803,7 @@ msgstr "" "importante que sé hacer</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -8787,7 +8814,7 @@ msgstr "" "interponerse en el camino para que ellos lo compartieran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -8808,7 +8835,7 @@ msgstr "" "en que los creadores pueden ganarse la vida en la era de Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -8819,7 +8846,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelos de pague-lo-que-quiera por su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -8851,7 +8878,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace que le guste a la gente.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -8877,7 +8904,7 @@ msgstr "" "mantenerme alimentado y cobijado, lo hacía para seguir cuerdo</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -8897,7 +8924,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencias CC simboliza su visión del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -8916,7 +8943,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo. <quote>Empecé por no llamarlos ladrones</quote>, dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -8942,7 +8969,7 @@ msgstr "" "un formato destinado a difundirlo</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -8957,7 +8984,7 @@ msgstr "" "dicen que sólo puede hacerlo porque es un autor ya establecido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -8973,7 +9000,7 @@ msgstr "" "tanta gente no lo hace</quote>, dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -9003,7 +9030,7 @@ msgstr "" "tengo que tomar toda la ayuda que pueda obtener</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -9031,7 +9058,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles de manera gratuita." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -9059,7 +9086,7 @@ msgstr "" "no me cuestan nada y me presentan la posibilidad de obtener algo</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -9081,7 +9108,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -9103,7 +9130,7 @@ msgstr "" "grandes plataformas que tratarán de tomar control sobre su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -9125,7 +9152,7 @@ msgstr "" "experimento de pague-lo-que-quiera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -9148,7 +9175,7 @@ msgstr "" "gente que ha sido tocada por tu trabajo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -9164,17 +9191,17 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "Nunca ha sido más fácil pensar como un diente de león." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "Figshare" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -9186,12 +9213,12 @@ msgstr "" "videos. Fundado en 2011 en Gran Bretaña." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" @@ -9200,20 +9227,20 @@ msgstr "" "provee servicios pagos a los creadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 28 de enero de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, fundador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -9235,7 +9262,7 @@ msgstr "" "que el modelo actual de publicación académica no permite." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -9247,7 +9274,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -9265,7 +9292,7 @@ msgstr "" "mejor para su carrera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -9278,7 +9305,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquiera. Así que empezó a trabajar en una solución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -9290,7 +9317,7 @@ msgstr "" "un largo periodo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -9308,7 +9335,7 @@ msgstr "" "identificadores DOI para datos de investigación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -9323,7 +9350,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY (Atribución) para figuras, videos y conjuntos de datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -9337,7 +9364,7 @@ msgstr "" "utilizaran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -9354,7 +9381,7 @@ msgstr "" "utilizadas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -9368,7 +9395,7 @@ msgstr "" "del tipo <emphasis>freemium</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -9392,7 +9419,7 @@ msgstr "" "</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -9412,7 +9439,7 @@ msgstr "" "proveyera esa funcionalidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -9441,7 +9468,7 @@ msgstr "" "para los datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -9461,7 +9488,7 @@ msgstr "" "agregando servicios para instituciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -9482,7 +9509,7 @@ msgstr "" "realizan investigación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -9507,7 +9534,7 @@ msgstr "" "CompartirIgual), o CC BY-ND (Atribución-NoDerivadas)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -9527,7 +9554,7 @@ msgstr "" "ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -9544,7 +9571,7 @@ msgstr "" "instituciones la harán su licencia de elección." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" @@ -9553,7 +9580,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" @@ -9562,7 +9589,7 @@ msgstr "" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -9587,7 +9614,7 @@ msgstr "" "\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -9608,12 +9635,12 @@ msgstr "" "ofrecer a universidades una opción de usar licencias Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -9638,7 +9665,7 @@ msgstr "" "siendo usado por las principales instituciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -9654,7 +9681,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluyendo Wikipedia y fuentes de noticias." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -9681,12 +9708,12 @@ msgstr "" "permitiendo que las personas colaboren y hagan nuevos descubrimientos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "Figure.NZ" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -9697,12 +9724,12 @@ msgstr "" "fáciles de entender. Fundada en 2012 en Nueva Zelanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" @@ -9711,21 +9738,21 @@ msgstr "" "proporciona servicios con costo a los creadores, donaciones, patrocinios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 3 de mayo de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistada</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, fundadora" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" @@ -9734,7 +9761,7 @@ msgstr "" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -9773,7 +9800,7 @@ msgstr "" "Zelanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -9795,7 +9822,7 @@ msgstr "" "información e investigación por los cuales usualmente se tiene que pagar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -9822,7 +9849,7 @@ msgstr "" "quisieran abrir su información y presentarla visualmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -9855,7 +9882,7 @@ msgstr "" "créditos a la fuente original y a Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" @@ -9864,7 +9891,7 @@ msgstr "" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -9896,7 +9923,7 @@ msgstr "" "acorde con la decisión de Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -9923,7 +9950,7 @@ msgstr "" "organización como luchadora y fuente confiable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -9959,7 +9986,7 @@ msgstr "" "organización se diferencien, se comercialicen y creen una marca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -9973,7 +10000,7 @@ msgstr "" "de valía." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -10004,7 +10031,7 @@ msgstr "" "democratizar la información." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -10030,12 +10057,12 @@ msgstr "" "nunca se había hecho antes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -10051,12 +10078,12 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -10070,7 +10097,7 @@ msgstr "" "excluidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -10084,7 +10111,7 @@ msgstr "" "reciben son deducibles de impuestos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -10108,7 +10135,7 @@ msgstr "" "construyendo relaciones externas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -10128,7 +10155,7 @@ msgstr "" "experiencias intuitivas, no manuales de usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -10155,7 +10182,7 @@ msgstr "" "interesados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -10173,7 +10200,7 @@ msgstr "" "en nombre de otros, ya fuera en nombre de un país o de una empresa.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -10185,7 +10212,7 @@ msgstr "" "informadas.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -10197,7 +10224,7 @@ msgstr "" "</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -10220,7 +10247,7 @@ msgstr "" "analizar y razonar con números.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -10234,7 +10261,7 @@ msgstr "" "mapas y datos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -10254,7 +10281,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -10270,12 +10297,12 @@ msgstr "" "hacer que el efecto red sea posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -10286,12 +10313,12 @@ msgstr "" "acceso abierto. Fundada en 2012 en Reino Unido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" @@ -10300,21 +10327,21 @@ msgstr "" "comunitario (especializado)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de febrero " "de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, fundadora." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -10345,7 +10372,7 @@ msgstr "" "por innovación en educación en 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -10359,7 +10386,7 @@ msgstr "" "libremente entre los usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -10372,7 +10399,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos. Éstas subieron, no bajaron." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -10404,7 +10431,7 @@ msgstr "" "formato impreso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -10422,7 +10449,7 @@ msgstr "" "cobertura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -10440,7 +10467,7 @@ msgstr "" "la cobertura del modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -10457,7 +10484,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -10479,7 +10506,7 @@ msgstr "" "empresas sociales sin fines de lucro) en 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -10488,7 +10515,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched: Toward an Open and Networked Future for Acedemic Publishing:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -10497,7 +10524,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación sólo mediante Knowledge Unlatched." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -10506,7 +10533,7 @@ msgstr "" "(como lo hacen con los proveedores de bibliotecas ahora)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -10515,7 +10542,7 @@ msgstr "" "que serán comprados y los precios establecidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -10528,7 +10555,7 @@ msgstr "" "mínimo de bibliotecas para cubrir la cuota por título." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -10540,12 +10567,12 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -10558,7 +10585,7 @@ msgstr "" "incentivan las membresías.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -10576,7 +10603,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartiendo los costos y el precio por libro bajo hasta los 43 dólares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" @@ -10585,7 +10612,7 @@ msgstr "" "availability-1/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -10609,7 +10636,7 @@ msgstr "" "de las copias físicas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -10631,7 +10658,7 @@ msgstr "" "por libro baja para cada biblioteca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -10659,7 +10686,7 @@ msgstr "" "de las bibliotecas, cobrar a las bibliotecas y, finalmente, desbloquearlos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -10671,7 +10698,7 @@ msgstr "" "presupuestos y sus juntas del directorio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -10690,7 +10717,7 @@ msgstr "" "cual ha involucrado a muchas más." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -10701,7 +10728,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer también revistas especializadas de acceso libre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -10713,7 +10740,7 @@ msgstr "" "estándar cerrado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -10733,14 +10760,14 @@ msgstr "" "Para la segunda ronda, tomó únicamente un mes, y fueron 26." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -10761,7 +10788,7 @@ msgstr "" "ello.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -10783,7 +10810,7 @@ msgstr "" "digital." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -10799,7 +10826,7 @@ msgstr "" "al mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -10824,7 +10851,7 @@ msgstr "" "descargados cerca de 80<?latex\\,?>000 veces en 175 países." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -10833,7 +10860,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched para monografías es un ganar-ganar-ganar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -10855,7 +10882,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluyen desbloquear revistas especializadas y libros antiguos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -10876,12 +10903,12 @@ msgstr "" "al pasado pero moviéndose al futuro, una evolución en vez de una revolución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "Lumen Learning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -10891,12 +10918,12 @@ msgstr "" "Fundada en 2013 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" @@ -10905,14 +10932,14 @@ msgstr "" "servicios personalizados, subsidios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 21 de diciembre " "de 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" @@ -10921,12 +10948,12 @@ msgstr "" "Thanos, cofundadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -10971,7 +10998,7 @@ msgstr "" "financieramente sostenible. Es entonces cuando deciden crear Lumen Learning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -10991,7 +11018,7 @@ msgstr "" "usualmente no hay mucha flexibilidad para hacerlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -11009,7 +11036,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo diferente de la sustentabilidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -11025,7 +11052,7 @@ msgstr "" "modificación y reutilización por otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -11051,13 +11078,13 @@ msgstr "" "el estudiante. Lumen Learning ayuda a los colegios y universidades a:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" "reemplazar libros de texto costosos en cursos de gran matrícula con OER;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -11067,7 +11094,7 @@ msgstr "" "sistema de gestión de aprendizaje de la institución;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -11076,7 +11103,7 @@ msgstr "" "tasas de aprobación, persistencia y finalización de curso; y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -11085,7 +11112,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación del éxito de los estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -11100,7 +11127,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguiendo los términos de las licencias Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -11115,7 +11142,7 @@ msgstr "" "dólares por estudiante suscrito para la institución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -11129,7 +11156,7 @@ msgstr "" "Los cursos Waymaker tienen un costo de 25 dólares por estudiante matriculado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -11147,7 +11174,7 @@ msgstr "" "costosos con OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -11180,7 +11207,7 @@ msgstr "" "bienestar en la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -11203,7 +11230,7 @@ msgstr "" "que las facultades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -11226,7 +11253,7 @@ msgstr "" "una licencia Atribución (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -11242,7 +11269,7 @@ msgstr "" "combinan diferentes OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -11263,7 +11290,7 @@ msgstr "" "haciendo que se muestren al final de cada página." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -11280,7 +11307,7 @@ msgstr "" "equipo de ventas de Lumen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -11304,7 +11331,7 @@ msgstr "" "Lumen, priorizan a los que tendrían efecto en el mayor número de estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -11323,7 +11350,7 @@ msgstr "" "que logren las metas de la institución, mientras Lumen se conserva próspera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -11342,7 +11369,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad abierta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -11359,7 +11386,7 @@ msgstr "" "den de regreso algo que sea generoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -11380,7 +11407,7 @@ msgstr "" "evolución y la mejora de los OER que estén usando." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -11397,7 +11424,7 @@ msgstr "" "lograr un balance correcto de todos estos factores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -11410,7 +11437,7 @@ msgstr "" "manera que sea entendible y repetible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -11431,7 +11458,7 @@ msgstr "" "En el futuro, su estrategia es reemplazar el financiamiento con ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -11450,12 +11477,12 @@ msgstr "" "nunca alejarse de ellos. Ciertamente, se trata de confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "Jonathan Mann" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." @@ -11464,7 +11491,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>el tipo de una-canción-al-día.</quote> Vive en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" @@ -11473,7 +11500,7 @@ msgstr "" "bandcamp.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -11485,14 +11512,14 @@ msgstr "" "musicales)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 22 de febrero " "de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -11515,7 +11542,7 @@ msgstr "" "conferencistas presentaron en las sesiones de congresos importantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -11537,7 +11564,7 @@ msgstr "" "Magazine</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -11551,7 +11578,7 @@ msgstr "" "al-día.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -11570,7 +11597,7 @@ msgstr "" "en línea que simplemente escuchar archivos de audio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -11600,7 +11627,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicarla por él." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -11619,7 +11646,7 @@ msgstr "" "canciones para ellos. Actualmente ésta es su principal ocupación productiva." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -11637,7 +11664,7 @@ msgstr "" "la producción de este libro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -11654,7 +11681,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo pudiera ser compartido</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -11675,7 +11702,7 @@ msgstr "" "del yo-yo, mío-mío ha socavado eso.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -11690,7 +11717,7 @@ msgstr "" "nada de eso</quote>, comentó Jonathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -11710,7 +11737,7 @@ msgstr "" "ingresos, que es componer canciones personalizadas a sus clientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -11733,7 +11760,7 @@ msgstr "" "periodista, tradujo los conceptos técnicos en algo entendible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -11763,7 +11790,7 @@ msgstr "" "satisfactorio. Me gusta perderme en el proceso.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -11776,7 +11803,7 @@ msgstr "" "y ha encontrado un medio para mantenerlo interesante para sí mismo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -11800,7 +11827,7 @@ msgstr "" "otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -11819,7 +11846,7 @@ msgstr "" "principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -11834,7 +11861,7 @@ msgstr "" "de mañana puede que sea mejor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -11850,7 +11877,7 @@ msgstr "" "Steve Jobs, dice que nunca se siente verdaderamente exitoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -11862,12 +11889,12 @@ msgstr "" "habría ido.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "Noun Project" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -11878,12 +11905,12 @@ msgstr "" "Fundada en 2010 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" @@ -11892,14 +11919,14 @@ msgstr "" "transacción, cargos por servicios personalizados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 6 de octubre de " "2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" @@ -11907,7 +11934,7 @@ msgstr "" "cofundador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -11918,7 +11945,7 @@ msgstr "" "las fronteras, lenguajes y culturas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -11934,7 +11961,7 @@ msgstr "" "imagen simple o un icono pequeño de cada objeto o concepto en el planeta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -11950,7 +11977,7 @@ msgstr "" "similares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -11966,7 +11993,7 @@ msgstr "" "de diseñadores voluntarios alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" @@ -11975,7 +12002,7 @@ msgstr "" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -11995,7 +12022,7 @@ msgstr "" "potencial para ser algo más grande." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -12011,7 +12038,7 @@ msgstr "" "el mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -12029,7 +12056,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -12043,7 +12070,7 @@ msgstr "" "del contenido libre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -12069,7 +12096,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo en el dominio público." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -12091,7 +12118,7 @@ msgstr "" "foco.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -12106,7 +12133,7 @@ msgstr "" "para muchos diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -12133,7 +12160,7 @@ msgstr "" "bueno para los usuarios, bueno para los creadores y bueno para la plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -12160,7 +12187,7 @@ msgstr "" "versión API Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -12171,7 +12198,7 @@ msgstr "" "para Noun Project." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -12193,15 +12220,15 @@ msgstr "" "usuario." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -12213,7 +12240,7 @@ msgstr "" "creadores acerca de eso porque construir confianza es la principal prioridad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -12227,7 +12254,7 @@ msgstr "" "el más exitoso de todos, suficiente para pagar la renta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -12253,7 +12280,7 @@ msgstr "" "acceder al mismo desde Lingo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -12267,7 +12294,7 @@ msgstr "" "educadores y otros quienes necesiten comunicar ideas visuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -12280,7 +12307,7 @@ msgstr "" "imágenes predefinidas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -12298,7 +12325,7 @@ msgstr "" "importante tener una misión más allá de hacer dinero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -12311,7 +12338,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro con una comunidad de usuarios y seguidores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -12330,7 +12357,7 @@ msgstr "" "iniciativas y continuar alimentándola.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -12343,7 +12370,7 @@ msgstr "" "usuarios también pueden buscar los iconos por el nombre del creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -12363,7 +12390,7 @@ msgstr "" "puedan ser usados por cualquiera gratuitamente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -12383,12 +12410,12 @@ msgstr "" "modelo ha sido clave para esa meta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "Open Data Institute" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -12399,12 +12426,12 @@ msgstr "" "datos. Fundada en 2012 en el Reino Unido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" @@ -12414,14 +12441,14 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados, donaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de noviembre " "de 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" @@ -12430,7 +12457,7 @@ msgstr "" "técnica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -12450,7 +12477,7 @@ msgstr "" "mundo a innovar con los datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -12475,7 +12502,7 @@ msgstr "" "al permitirles entender mejor qué es lo que está pasando alrededor de ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -12491,7 +12518,7 @@ msgstr "" "Continúa diciendo que el ODI quiere:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -12500,19 +12527,19 @@ msgstr "" "políticas de datos abiertos afectan esto;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "desarrollar el caso del beneficio económico y el modelos de negocios para " "los datos abiertos;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "ayudar a los negocios del RU a usar los datos abiertos, y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" @@ -12521,7 +12548,7 @@ msgstr "" "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -12530,7 +12557,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -12549,7 +12576,7 @@ msgstr "" "abiertos para los ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -12565,7 +12592,7 @@ msgstr "" "mediante una inversión de $4.75 millones de la Omidyar Network." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -12581,7 +12608,7 @@ msgstr "" "Actualmente son 60." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -12597,7 +12624,7 @@ msgstr "" "complementarios en respuesta a las necesidades del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -12606,12 +12633,12 @@ msgstr "" "capacitación y servicios de asesoría." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -12638,7 +12665,7 @@ msgstr "" "web.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -12664,7 +12691,7 @@ msgstr "" "para que puedan asistir a los cursos como parte de su desarrollo profesional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -12682,7 +12709,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiende a generar gran interés y compromiso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -12698,7 +12725,7 @@ msgstr "" "temáticas principales y más de 750 asistentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -12716,14 +12743,14 @@ msgstr "" "las organizaciones comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" "Del lado comercial, las siguiente proposiciones de valor parecen resonar:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -12735,7 +12762,7 @@ msgstr "" "datos también. Los datos abiertos son un tema candente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -12750,7 +12777,7 @@ msgstr "" "la autonomía organizativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -12764,7 +12791,7 @@ msgstr "" "y oportunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -12782,7 +12809,7 @@ msgstr "" "de crear <quote>nodos</quote> internacionales del ODI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -12804,7 +12831,7 @@ msgstr "" "usar la marca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" @@ -12813,7 +12840,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -12826,7 +12853,7 @@ msgstr "" "id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -12845,12 +12872,12 @@ msgstr "" "eventos cara-a-cara." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -12868,7 +12895,7 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -12881,7 +12908,7 @@ msgstr "" "herramientas de datos abiertos y cómo implementarlos en escala." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -12894,7 +12921,7 @@ msgstr "" "en vez de crear <quote>licencias abiertas</quote> de su autoría." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -12928,7 +12955,7 @@ msgstr "" "completamente posible ser abierto, conseguir clientes y hacer dinero</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -12940,7 +12967,7 @@ msgstr "" "abril de 2016:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -12953,17 +12980,17 @@ msgstr "" "del ODI han generado desde su incorporación al programa ODI: £ 44.5 millones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Número total de miembros activos y nodos alrededor del mundo: 1350." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "Ventas totales desde que comenzó el ODI: £7.44 millones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" @@ -12972,17 +12999,17 @@ msgstr "" "en persona y en línea: 2.2 millones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "Total de certificados de Open Data creados: 1510<?latex\\,?>00." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -12991,12 +13018,12 @@ msgstr "" "comenzó: 5080.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -13008,13 +13035,13 @@ msgstr "" "Reino Unido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" @@ -13023,14 +13050,14 @@ msgstr "" "cuota de transacción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de noviembre " "de 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" @@ -13039,7 +13066,7 @@ msgstr "" "Steiner, cofundadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -13053,7 +13080,7 @@ msgstr "" "creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -13085,7 +13112,7 @@ msgstr "" "de lucro, y Opendesk una compañía de lucro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -13099,7 +13126,7 @@ msgstr "" "todavía lejos del camino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -13122,7 +13149,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -13137,7 +13164,7 @@ msgstr "" "vendieran. Llegar a un modelo de negocios iba a ser complejo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -13148,7 +13175,7 @@ msgstr "" "decisiones tendrían en el modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -13164,12 +13191,12 @@ msgstr "" "quieren ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -13183,7 +13210,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -13197,7 +13224,7 @@ msgstr "" "Opendesk escoja la licencia Atribución-NoComercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -13217,12 +13244,12 @@ msgstr "" "especificaciones en el archivo de diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -13244,7 +13271,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -13255,7 +13282,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el sitio web de Opendesk:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -13264,7 +13291,7 @@ msgstr "" "registrado, ellos pagan:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -13275,7 +13302,7 @@ msgstr "" "extra por ensamblado cargado por el creador)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" @@ -13284,7 +13311,7 @@ msgstr "" "al diseñador cada vez que su diseño es usado)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -13295,7 +13322,7 @@ msgstr "" "construir nuestro mercado)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -13309,7 +13336,7 @@ msgstr "" "relevante)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -13319,7 +13346,7 @@ msgstr "" "entrega externo asociado)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -13332,12 +13359,12 @@ msgstr "" "en sitio y los diseñadores podrían ofrecer opciones de diseño a la medida)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13346,13 +13373,13 @@ msgstr "" "creador)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" "A continuación, se detalla cómo se crean las cotizaciones de los creadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -13375,7 +13402,7 @@ msgstr "" "manera:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -13385,27 +13412,27 @@ msgstr "" "ensamblado en sitio)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota por diseño: 8% del costo de manufactura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de plataforma: 12% del costo de manufactura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de canal: 18% del costo de manufactura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "impuesto de venta: los aplicables (depende del producto y ubicación)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -13416,7 +13443,7 @@ msgstr "" "8% de Opendesk es más generoso y proporciona un mayor valor al diseñador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -13431,7 +13458,7 @@ msgstr "" "Actualmente, Opendesk representa una gran parte de sus negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -13449,7 +13476,7 @@ msgstr "" "piezas funcionales y reproducibles." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -13466,7 +13493,7 @@ msgstr "" "productos personalizados.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -13482,12 +13509,12 @@ msgstr "" "Opendesk de los objetos usuales producidos en masa de una tienda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -13507,7 +13534,7 @@ msgstr "" "prácticas de negocios que a ellos les gustaría que se usaran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -13523,7 +13550,7 @@ msgstr "" "NoComercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" @@ -13532,22 +13559,22 @@ msgstr "" "considera usos comerciales y no comerciales. Su sitio web declara:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Es inequívocamente uso comercial cuando alguien:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "cobra una cuota o tiene una ganancia cuando hace un Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "vende (o sustenta un servicio comercial basado en) un Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -13558,7 +13585,7 @@ msgstr "" "compensación monetaria. Por ejemplo, éstos califican como no comercial:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" @@ -13568,7 +13595,7 @@ msgstr "" "mobiliario por sí mismo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" @@ -13577,7 +13604,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos o capacitación (y no intenta vender las piezas resultantes)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -13591,7 +13618,7 @@ msgstr "" "conforman, <ulink url=\"http://makerspace.hacedores.com/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -13614,7 +13641,7 @@ msgstr "" "intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -13629,7 +13656,7 @@ msgstr "" "involucrados mediante Opendesk en trabajo generador de ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -13641,12 +13668,12 @@ msgstr "" "ganan impulso y entonces tienen esperanza en las personas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "OpenStax" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -13658,12 +13685,12 @@ msgstr "" "Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" @@ -13673,14 +13700,14 @@ msgstr "" "texto)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 16 de diciembre " "de 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" @@ -13689,7 +13716,7 @@ msgstr "" "jefe." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -13713,7 +13740,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquiera, donde sea, en cualquier momento —sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -13735,7 +13762,7 @@ msgstr "" "volvió OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -13759,7 +13786,7 @@ msgstr "" "por parte de los estudiantes y profesores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" @@ -13768,7 +13795,7 @@ msgstr "" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -13789,7 +13816,7 @@ msgstr "" "rápidamente. ¡Todo ello sin un departamento de ventas!" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -13807,7 +13834,7 @@ msgstr "" "acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -13823,7 +13850,7 @@ msgstr "" "adecue a sus necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -13837,12 +13864,12 @@ msgstr "" "clave, y más." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -13858,7 +13885,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus libros de texto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -13871,7 +13898,7 @@ msgstr "" "extensa red de asociados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -13892,7 +13919,7 @@ msgstr "" "requiriendo de la inversión filantrópica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -13913,7 +13940,7 @@ msgstr "" "WebAssign están disponibles para los alumnos por una cuota." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -13933,7 +13960,7 @@ msgstr "" "estos fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -13956,7 +13983,7 @@ msgstr "" "materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -13971,7 +13998,7 @@ msgstr "" "preexistentes. David espera compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -13992,7 +14019,7 @@ msgstr "" "operaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -14018,7 +14045,7 @@ msgstr "" "títulos impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -14036,7 +14063,7 @@ msgstr "" "ganancia justa en un tiempo razonable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -14060,7 +14087,7 @@ msgstr "" "desde cero, un buen ejemplo de éste es su libro de biología." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -14094,7 +14121,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy laborioso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -14114,7 +14141,7 @@ msgstr "" "dinero por adelantado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -14133,7 +14160,7 @@ msgstr "" "BY da a los profesores control y libertad académica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -14154,7 +14181,7 @@ msgstr "" "compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" @@ -14164,29 +14191,29 @@ msgstr "" "vistazo</quote> de su reciente material para la prensa:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Libros publicados: 23" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: $155 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el transcurso del ciclo académico " "2016–2017: $77 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -14199,7 +14226,7 @@ msgstr "" "universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera Estados Unidos.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -14213,7 +14240,7 @@ msgstr "" "internacional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -14229,7 +14256,7 @@ msgstr "" "la carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -14252,23 +14279,23 @@ msgstr "" "alcanzarla." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "Amanda Palmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -14281,14 +14308,14 @@ msgstr "" "(presentaciones), venta de mercancía." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 15 de diciembre " "de 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -14299,7 +14326,7 @@ msgstr "" "swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -14312,7 +14339,7 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -14326,7 +14353,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad, y vivir de eso haciéndolo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -14344,7 +14371,7 @@ msgstr "" "seguir haciendo arte</quote>, dice Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -14373,7 +14400,7 @@ msgstr "" "manera que pudiera seguir haciendo arte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -14394,7 +14421,7 @@ msgstr "" "masas nunca fue lo que Amanda y The Dresden Dolls querían hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -14417,7 +14444,7 @@ msgstr "" "de Kickstarter más exitosos de todos los tiempos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -14440,7 +14467,7 @@ msgstr "" "costo, bajo la licencia Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -14474,7 +14501,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo. Las licencias NoComercial le resultaron como hechas a la medida." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -14491,7 +14518,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir el disfrute de la música</quote>, dijo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -14510,7 +14537,7 @@ msgstr "" "escribió Amanda en <emphasis>The Art of Asking</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -14534,7 +14561,7 @@ msgstr "" "inmediato es una habilidad por sí misma,</quote> escribió Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -14555,7 +14582,7 @@ msgstr "" "legítimamente que la conocen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -14572,7 +14599,7 @@ msgstr "" "vulnerable casi siempre vale la pena</quote>, comentó Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -14591,7 +14618,7 @@ msgstr "" "que haces con los amigos: compartes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -14610,7 +14637,7 @@ msgstr "" "ti. Personas que se sienten involucradas en su éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -14627,7 +14654,7 @@ msgstr "" "de pertenencia a su <quote>pequeña y rara familia.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -14646,7 +14673,7 @@ msgstr "" "de canalizar energía en una forma que sea placentera para ti.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -14672,7 +14699,7 @@ msgstr "" "entonces el nexo se fortalece con la conexión humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -14691,7 +14718,7 @@ msgstr "" "genuinamente valioso para ellos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -14710,12 +14737,12 @@ msgstr "" "forzar a la gente a ayudarla, los deja hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "PLOS (Biblioteca pública de ciencia)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -14726,12 +14753,12 @@ msgstr "" "y otra literatura científica. Fundada en el 2000 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" @@ -14741,21 +14768,21 @@ msgstr "" "en la revista." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 7 de marzo de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Louise Page, editor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -14784,7 +14811,7 @@ msgstr "" "Atribución (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -14807,7 +14834,7 @@ msgstr "" "revista especializada o un artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -14831,7 +14858,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación y avance del campo. Era tiempo para un nuevo modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -14855,7 +14882,7 @@ msgstr "" "a la última investigación inmediatamente publicada." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -14880,7 +14907,7 @@ msgstr "" "figuras u otros elementos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -14900,7 +14927,7 @@ msgstr "" "que comenzó en 2006, están por debajo de los $1500." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -14912,7 +14939,7 @@ msgstr "" "procesamiento por artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -14946,7 +14973,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -14964,7 +14991,7 @@ msgstr "" "investigación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -14976,7 +15003,7 @@ msgstr "" "declaración de disponibilidad de datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -14995,7 +15022,7 @@ msgstr "" "investigadores tienen opciones donde publicar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -15009,7 +15036,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluso cuando son relativamente nuevas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -15027,7 +15054,7 @@ msgstr "" "más descubrimientos y citas a los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -15043,7 +15070,7 @@ msgstr "" "Central, la primera editorial de acceso abierto, o incluso otras." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -15090,7 +15117,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicación de todo lo referente a la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -15102,7 +15129,7 @@ msgstr "" "cambiar las prácticas actuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -15116,7 +15143,7 @@ msgstr "" "inevitablemente más tiempo requerirá el proceso de aprobación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -15140,7 +15167,7 @@ msgstr "" "limitados al autor y la editorial." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -15154,7 +15181,7 @@ msgstr "" "veces que la rueda de la investigación se reinventa alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -15190,7 +15217,7 @@ msgstr "" "prepublicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -15210,17 +15237,17 @@ msgstr "" "transformaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -15249,7 +15276,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluyendo una vía para los lectores para comunicarse con los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -15269,7 +15296,7 @@ msgstr "" "experimentación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -15289,7 +15316,7 @@ msgstr "" "135<?latex\\,?>000 artículos de calidad para su lectura sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -15300,12 +15327,12 @@ msgstr "" "reproducible para el avance de la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "Rijksmuseum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@ -15314,12 +15341,12 @@ msgstr "" "historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -15330,14 +15357,14 @@ msgstr "" "museo), venta de mercancía." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de diciembre " "de 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" @@ -15346,7 +15373,7 @@ msgstr "" "datos del Departamento de información sobre colecciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -15376,7 +15403,7 @@ msgstr "" "más abierto para el museo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -15404,7 +15431,7 @@ msgstr "" "catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -15422,12 +15449,12 @@ msgstr "" "por qué no poner toda la colección en línea?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -15453,7 +15480,7 @@ msgstr "" "Rijksmuseum debería seguir el ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -15478,7 +15505,7 @@ msgstr "" "los niños en edad escolar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -15505,7 +15532,7 @@ msgstr "" "que tuvieron varios debates feroces sobre qué hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -15527,7 +15554,7 @@ msgstr "" "tener toda la colección en Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -15556,7 +15583,7 @@ msgstr "" "museo físicamente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -15573,7 +15600,7 @@ msgstr "" "generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -15599,12 +15626,12 @@ msgstr "" "proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del museo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -15622,7 +15649,7 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -15645,7 +15672,7 @@ msgstr "" "comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -15659,7 +15686,7 @@ msgstr "" "exámenes escolares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -15681,7 +15708,7 @@ msgstr "" "público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" @@ -15690,7 +15717,7 @@ msgstr "" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -15714,7 +15741,7 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -15727,7 +15754,7 @@ msgstr "" "award-2015\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" @@ -15736,7 +15763,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -15769,7 +15796,7 @@ msgstr "" "de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -15781,7 +15808,7 @@ msgstr "" "usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -15798,7 +15825,7 @@ msgstr "" "\\,?>000." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -15823,7 +15850,7 @@ msgstr "" "desconocida para la comunidad científica al momento de la pintura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -15860,12 +15887,12 @@ msgstr "" "acompañarte y ayudarte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "Shareable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" @@ -15873,12 +15900,12 @@ msgstr "" "Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" @@ -15887,14 +15914,14 @@ msgstr "" "financiamiento comunitario (basado en proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de febrero " "de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" @@ -15903,7 +15930,7 @@ msgstr "" "y editor ejecutivo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -15926,7 +15953,7 @@ msgstr "" "seguir la corriente o mantenerse fiel a sus principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -15950,7 +15977,7 @@ msgstr "" "</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -15968,7 +15995,7 @@ msgstr "" "están recibiendo ahora.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -15990,7 +16017,7 @@ msgstr "" "y continuó ganando audiencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -16013,7 +16040,7 @@ msgstr "" "calentamiento global." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -16035,7 +16062,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus lectores a realizar cambios en sus propias vidas y comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -16063,7 +16090,7 @@ msgstr "" "por la red es licenciado con Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -16091,7 +16118,7 @@ msgstr "" "audiencias más grandes que las nuestras.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -16111,7 +16138,7 @@ msgstr "" "dos de los mayores generadores de tráfico en su sitio web." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -16125,7 +16152,7 @@ msgstr "" "recaudación de fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -16145,7 +16172,7 @@ msgstr "" "visión del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -16169,7 +16196,7 @@ msgstr "" "corazón.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -16190,7 +16217,7 @@ msgstr "" "de los participantes fue gente de su base existente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -16204,7 +16231,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos en construir relaciones entre sus lectores y seguidores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -16236,7 +16263,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia CC en 2017 lleno de ideas para que las implemente su red." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -16249,12 +16276,12 @@ msgstr "" "gente para que tome las ideas y las adapte a sus propias comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "Siyavula" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -16264,12 +16291,12 @@ msgstr "" "integra experiencias de aprendizaje. Fundada en 2012 en Sudáfrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" @@ -16278,19 +16305,19 @@ msgstr "" "servicios personalizados, patrocinios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 5 de abril de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -16306,7 +16333,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sudáfrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -16319,7 +16346,7 @@ msgstr "" "sobrevivir y prosperar. Mark dice que ha sido muy orgánico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -16336,12 +16363,12 @@ msgstr "" "editarlos y ponerlos disponibles libremente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -16361,7 +16388,7 @@ msgstr "" "ciencias físicas para los grados 10° a 12°." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -16378,7 +16405,7 @@ msgstr "" "profundo orgullo por este logro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -16392,12 +16419,12 @@ msgstr "" "cubrir las necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -16417,7 +16444,7 @@ msgstr "" "todos los temas del K-12 en inglés. Ese proyecto se volvió Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -16433,7 +16460,7 @@ msgstr "" "mas allá de los seis libros iniciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -16462,12 +16489,12 @@ msgstr "" "seguros para compartir y libres de repercusiones legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -16487,7 +16514,7 @@ msgstr "" "vez fueron editados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -16501,7 +16528,7 @@ msgstr "" "un <emphasis>fellow</emphasis> de Shuttleworth." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -16519,7 +16546,7 @@ msgstr "" "lograron realmente funcionar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -16536,7 +16563,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos abiertos, vieron esto como una gran oportunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -16554,7 +16581,7 @@ msgstr "" "dispositivo —computadora, tableta o teléfono móvil." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -16579,7 +16606,7 @@ msgstr "" "en los libros de texto abiertos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -16592,7 +16619,7 @@ msgstr "" "dirigido únicamente a la parte más pudiente del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -16610,7 +16637,7 @@ msgstr "" "involuntariamente llegó sólo para los estudiantes de bajos ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -16629,7 +16656,7 @@ msgstr "" "hablaba de una necesidad particular que estaban atendiendo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -16647,7 +16674,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado, además del precio y qué barreras hay para el acceso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -16660,7 +16687,7 @@ msgstr "" "servicio relacionado y convertir algunas personas en clientes de pago." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -16677,7 +16704,7 @@ msgstr "" "quienes cobran una y otra vez por el mismo contenido sin agregar valor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -16699,7 +16726,7 @@ msgstr "" "escuelas donde los departamentos de matemáticas y de ciencias se suscriben." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -16717,7 +16744,7 @@ msgstr "" "cómo va mejorando su desempeño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -16733,12 +16760,12 @@ msgstr "" "creados para los grados 4° a 6° y después para los grados 7° a 9°." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -16753,7 +16780,7 @@ msgstr "" "plan de estudios completo, incluyendo guías para docentes y otros recursos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -16774,7 +16801,7 @@ msgstr "" "estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -16791,7 +16818,7 @@ msgstr "" "(CC BY), permitiendo a otros modificar y redistribuir los libros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -16813,7 +16840,7 @@ msgstr "" "gobierno se negó." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -16833,7 +16860,7 @@ msgstr "" "permitió mantenerse independientes del gobierno." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -16849,7 +16876,7 @@ msgstr "" "potenciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -16870,7 +16897,7 @@ msgstr "" "usa Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -16884,7 +16911,7 @@ msgstr "" "conflictiva y está en el limbo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -16900,7 +16927,7 @@ msgstr "" "personales que Intelligent Practice recolecta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -16928,12 +16955,12 @@ msgstr "" "ambos, él y la compañía, son más fuertes por eso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "SparkFun" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -16942,12 +16969,12 @@ msgstr "" "hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" @@ -16956,21 +16983,21 @@ msgstr "" "físicas (ventas de componentes electrónicos)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 29 de febrero " "de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, fundador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -16985,7 +17012,7 @@ msgstr "" "fue de júbilo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -16998,7 +17025,7 @@ msgstr "" "mundo,</quote> dijo Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -17016,7 +17043,7 @@ msgstr "" "copiados es parte del diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -17035,7 +17062,7 @@ msgstr "" "se considera como su propiedad intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -17048,7 +17075,7 @@ msgstr "" "una red de seguridad. Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -17067,7 +17094,7 @@ msgstr "" "serlo para nosotros, es lo mejor para los clientes</quote>, dijo Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -17086,7 +17113,7 @@ msgstr "" "dijo Nathan. <quote>Esto es con lo que deberían competir.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -17108,7 +17135,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer y vender sus propios productos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -17126,7 +17153,7 @@ msgstr "" "diagramas y <emphasis>firmware</emphasis> para los productos que crean." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -17144,7 +17171,7 @@ msgstr "" "para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -17160,7 +17187,7 @@ msgstr "" "esto es una extensión natural de su negocio central." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -17172,7 +17199,7 @@ msgstr "" "\\,?>000 estudiantes preuniversitarios para el 2020</quote>, dijo Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -17194,7 +17221,7 @@ msgstr "" "licenciamiento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -17213,7 +17240,7 @@ msgstr "" "la semana y abren sus puertas al público una vez al año para una competencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -17227,21 +17254,21 @@ msgid "" "event infuses their work with a human element, which makes it more " "meaningful." msgstr "" -"El evento público, llamado <emphasis>Autonomous Vehicle " -"Competition</emphasis> (Competencia de Vehículos Autónomos), atrae entre " -"1000 y 2000 clientes y entusiastas de la tecnología de los alrededores a una " -"carrera entre sus propios <emphasis>bots</emphasis>, a participar en " -"talleres de entrenamiento y socializar. Desde una perspectiva de negocio, " -"Nathan dice que es una idea terrible. <?latex \\par ?> Pero ellos no " -"realizan el evento por razones de negocio. <quote>La razón por la que lo " -"hacemos es porque yo viajo e interactúo con nuestros clientes todo el " -"tiempo, pero la mayoría de nuestros empleados no</quote>, dijo. <quote>Este " -"evento le da a nuestros empleados la oportunidad de tener un contacto cara a " -"cara con nuestros clientes.</quote> El evento brinda a su trabajo un " -"elemento humano, lo cual lo hace más significativo." +"El evento público, llamado <emphasis>Autonomous Vehicle Competition</" +"emphasis> (Competencia de Vehículos Autónomos), atrae entre 1000 y 2000 " +"clientes y entusiastas de la tecnología de los alrededores a una carrera " +"entre sus propios <emphasis>bots</emphasis>, a participar en talleres de " +"entrenamiento y socializar. Desde una perspectiva de negocio, Nathan dice " +"que es una idea terrible. <?latex \\par ?> Pero ellos no realizan el evento " +"por razones de negocio. <quote>La razón por la que lo hacemos es porque yo " +"viajo e interactúo con nuestros clientes todo el tiempo, pero la mayoría de " +"nuestros empleados no</quote>, dijo. <quote>Este evento le da a nuestros " +"empleados la oportunidad de tener un contacto cara a cara con nuestros " +"clientes.</quote> El evento brinda a su trabajo un elemento humano, lo cual " +"lo hace más significativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -17261,7 +17288,7 @@ msgstr "" "resultado financiero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -17276,7 +17303,7 @@ msgstr "" "personas que vienen a su sitio no sólo encuentren contenido sin cambios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -17300,7 +17327,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nathan" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -17321,7 +17348,7 @@ msgstr "" "dijo Nathan. <quote>Eso no es realmente cierto.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -17341,7 +17368,7 @@ msgstr "" "partir de nuestros diseños</quote>, dijo Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -17367,12 +17394,12 @@ msgstr "" "compañía que se propusieron ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "TeachAIDS" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -17383,24 +17410,24 @@ msgstr "" "SIDA. Fundada en 2005 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: patrocinios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de marzo de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" @@ -17409,7 +17436,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shuman Ghosemajumder, el presidente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -17422,7 +17449,7 @@ msgstr "" "los materiales educativos que distribuye TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -17448,7 +17475,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -17488,7 +17515,7 @@ msgstr "" "recibiendo únicamente pedazos de información." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -17511,7 +17538,7 @@ msgstr "" "crear una educación eficaz, culturalmente apropiada</quote>, dijo Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -17523,7 +17550,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons en los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -17553,7 +17580,7 @@ msgstr "" "protegiéndonos al mismo tiempo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -17570,7 +17597,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>La investigación impulsa todo lo que hacemos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -17587,7 +17614,7 @@ msgstr "" "para cada versión adaptada de los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -17615,7 +17642,7 @@ msgstr "" "información proveniente de alguien de su mismo género." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -17645,7 +17672,7 @@ msgstr "" "ciclo 11 veces." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -17682,7 +17709,7 @@ msgstr "" "puedas apretar un botón y funcionen.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -17709,7 +17736,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo altamente efectivo era hacerlo completamente gratuito.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -17731,7 +17758,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativo. Todo el contenido permanece bajo la marca de TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -17751,7 +17778,7 @@ msgstr "" "ricos</quote>, comentó Shuman." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -17777,7 +17804,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión en un patrocinio puede beneficiar a la marca por muchos años." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -17795,7 +17822,7 @@ msgstr "" "hecho de que han patrocinado estas iniciativas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -17813,12 +17840,12 @@ msgstr "" "comentó Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "Tribe of Noise" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -17829,19 +17856,19 @@ msgstr "" "fundada en 2008 en los Países Bajos (Holanda)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de enero de " "2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" @@ -17850,7 +17877,7 @@ msgstr "" "cofundador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -17869,7 +17896,7 @@ msgstr "" "y Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -17889,7 +17916,7 @@ msgstr "" "era suficientemente fácil de encontrar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -17909,7 +17936,7 @@ msgstr "" "decidieron a construir una plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -17925,7 +17952,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocio musicales requiere de una relación de confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -17941,12 +17968,12 @@ msgstr "" "experimentado personalmente para encontrarla." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -17969,7 +17996,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -18009,7 +18036,7 @@ msgstr "" "días.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -18036,7 +18063,7 @@ msgstr "" "Bélgica y Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -18052,12 +18079,12 @@ msgstr "" "como presentan el ejemplo en su sitio Web:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -18080,7 +18107,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -18101,7 +18128,7 @@ msgstr "" "canción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -18123,7 +18150,7 @@ msgstr "" "posible mejor acuerdo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -18140,7 +18167,7 @@ msgstr "" "limpios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -18153,7 +18180,7 @@ msgstr "" "área comunitaria." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -18169,7 +18196,7 @@ msgstr "" "of Noise Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -18191,7 +18218,7 @@ msgstr "" "la plataforma que genuinamente se involucra con ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -18209,7 +18236,7 @@ msgstr "" "comprendiendo lo que quieren y creando una canción que cubra dicha necesidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -18234,7 +18261,7 @@ msgstr "" "ASCAP o BMI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -18266,7 +18293,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tener que enfrentar batallas legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -18288,12 +18315,12 @@ msgstr "" "basado en la confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "Fundación Wikimedia" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -18302,24 +18329,24 @@ msgstr "" "Wikipedia y sus proyectos hermanos. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: donaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 18 de diciembre " "de 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" @@ -18328,12 +18355,12 @@ msgstr "" "de Compromiso Comunitario, y Stephen LaPorte, asesor legal." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "Casi cualquier persona con una presencia en línea conoce la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -18348,7 +18375,7 @@ msgstr "" "las personas reutilizarlo y adaptarlo para cualquier propósito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -18359,7 +18386,7 @@ msgstr "" "artículo de la Wikipedia acerca de la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -18386,7 +18413,7 @@ msgstr "" "y varios miles que no están conectados con alguna organización en particular." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -18400,7 +18427,7 @@ msgstr "" "colaboración humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -18417,7 +18444,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin precedentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -18441,7 +18468,7 @@ msgstr "" "hechas cada hora." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -18484,7 +18511,7 @@ msgstr "" "fundación fue destinado al soporte directo para los sitios de Wikimedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -18514,7 +18541,7 @@ msgstr "" "parte del tiempo, la gente quiere hacer lo correcto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -18538,7 +18565,7 @@ msgstr "" "proteger no es siempre lo mejor para todos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" @@ -18547,7 +18574,7 @@ msgstr "" "mistakes/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -18583,7 +18610,7 @@ msgstr "" "comentó Stephen. <quote>Todos contribuyen.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -18603,7 +18630,7 @@ msgstr "" "donadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -18623,7 +18650,7 @@ msgstr "" "miradas, ellos están bien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -18642,7 +18669,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace la fundación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -18655,7 +18682,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus lectores. También infunde confianza en su comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -18668,7 +18695,7 @@ msgstr "" "motivar un movimiento entero</quote>, nos dijo Stephen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -18685,12 +18712,12 @@ msgstr "" # "<?latex \\renewcommand{\\chapter}[1]{\\part*{#1}} ?>" # "<?latex \\appendix \\renewcommand{\\thechapter}{\\,} ?>" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "Bibliografía" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -18701,7 +18728,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." @@ -18711,14 +18738,14 @@ msgstr "" "2010." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" "Chris Anderson. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. Nueva York: Signal, " "2012." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." @@ -18727,7 +18754,7 @@ msgstr "" "Decisions. Rev. ed. Nueva York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." @@ -18736,7 +18763,7 @@ msgstr "" "2012." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -18749,7 +18776,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -18760,7 +18787,7 @@ msgstr "" "net/WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -18773,7 +18800,7 @@ msgstr "" "transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -18782,7 +18809,7 @@ msgstr "" "Life of the Commons</emphasis>. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -18801,7 +18828,7 @@ msgstr "" "capital-commons\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." @@ -18810,7 +18837,7 @@ msgstr "" "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." @@ -18819,7 +18846,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption. Nueva York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." @@ -18828,7 +18855,7 @@ msgstr "" "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." @@ -18837,7 +18864,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." @@ -18846,7 +18873,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." @@ -18855,7 +18882,7 @@ msgstr "" "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." @@ -18864,7 +18891,7 @@ msgstr "" "Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -18881,7 +18908,7 @@ msgstr "" "for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -18892,7 +18919,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, y Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." @@ -18901,7 +18928,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." @@ -18910,7 +18937,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -18923,7 +18950,7 @@ msgstr "" ">." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -18936,7 +18963,7 @@ msgstr "" "ca/publications/Free-Knowledge\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." @@ -18945,7 +18972,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -18955,7 +18982,7 @@ msgstr "" "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Cap. 11 en Elliott y Hepting, Free Knowledge." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -18968,7 +18995,7 @@ msgstr "" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." @@ -18977,7 +19004,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." @@ -18986,7 +19013,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons. Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -18997,7 +19024,7 @@ msgstr "" "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." @@ -19006,7 +19033,7 @@ msgstr "" "con nuevo epílogo. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." @@ -19015,7 +19042,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." @@ -19024,7 +19051,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creativity and the Commons</emphasis>. Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." @@ -19033,7 +19060,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." @@ -19042,7 +19069,7 @@ msgstr "" "Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." @@ -19051,7 +19078,7 @@ msgstr "" "Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." @@ -19060,7 +19087,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books. Nueva York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." @@ -19069,7 +19096,7 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." @@ -19078,7 +19105,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." @@ -19087,7 +19114,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." @@ -19096,7 +19123,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." @@ -19105,7 +19132,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -19116,7 +19143,7 @@ msgstr "" "com/news/technology-35709680\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." @@ -19125,7 +19152,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy. Nueva York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -19134,7 +19161,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." @@ -19143,7 +19170,7 @@ msgstr "" "Straus y Giroux, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -19154,7 +19181,7 @@ msgstr "" "2011. <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -19165,7 +19192,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -19178,7 +19205,7 @@ msgstr "" "proposition-design\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." @@ -19187,7 +19214,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help. Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -19202,7 +19229,7 @@ msgstr "" "(licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -19215,7 +19242,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -19228,7 +19255,7 @@ msgstr "" "url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -19239,7 +19266,7 @@ msgstr "" "Business, 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -19250,7 +19277,7 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" @@ -19258,7 +19285,7 @@ msgstr "" "Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." @@ -19267,7 +19294,7 @@ msgstr "" "Enemy of Prosperity. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." @@ -19276,7 +19303,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." @@ -19285,7 +19312,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators. Londres, Inglaterra: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." @@ -19294,7 +19321,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." @@ -19303,7 +19330,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." @@ -19312,7 +19339,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." @@ -19321,7 +19348,7 @@ msgstr "" "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." @@ -19330,13 +19357,13 @@ msgstr "" "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -19347,7 +19374,7 @@ msgstr "" "Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." @@ -19356,7 +19383,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reiter. Nueva York: Simon y Schuster, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." @@ -19365,7 +19392,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -19380,7 +19407,7 @@ msgstr "" "opendesignnow.org\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -19391,7 +19418,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -19402,7 +19429,7 @@ msgstr "" "NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." @@ -19411,12 +19438,12 @@ msgstr "" "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Agradecimientos" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -19431,7 +19458,7 @@ msgstr "" "inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -19442,7 +19469,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ustedes hacen que los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -19458,7 +19485,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -19472,7 +19499,7 @@ msgstr "" "invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -19565,7 +19592,7 @@ msgstr "" "Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -20231,3 +20258,17 @@ msgstr "" "Strickler, Yann Heurtaux, Yasmine Hajjar, Yu-Hsian Sun, Yves Deruisseau, " "Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, ZeMarmot " "Open Movie" + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Libro descargable disponible en <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." + +#~ msgid "Classifications:" +#~ msgstr "Clasificaciones:" + +#~ msgid "(UDK) ?" +#~ msgstr "(UDK) ?" + +#~ msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" +#~ msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?" diff --git a/po/fr/mwcc.po b/po/fr/mwcc.po index 3f434f0..f4a1273 100644 --- a/po/fr/mwcc.po +++ b/po/fr/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-04-15 07:11+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Jeannette L <j.lavoie@net-c.ca>\n" "Language-Team: French <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -23,9 +23,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "fr" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Créé avec Creative Commons" @@ -64,9 +63,8 @@ msgstr "<publishername>Institut des investigations économiques</publishername>" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "Université autonome de Mexico" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -86,17 +84,19 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Par Paul Stacey et Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017 par la fondation Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -105,53 +105,81 @@ msgstr "" "version 4.0." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 -msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" -msgstr "ISBN : A-DEFINIR (PDF), A-DEFINIR (ePub), A-DEFINIR (Paperback)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " +#| "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " +#| "purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, " +#| "provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you " +#| "remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your " +#| "contributions under the same license as the original. License details: " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" +msgid "" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" +msgstr "" +"Ce livre est édité avec une licence CC BY-SA, ce qui signifie que vous " +"pouvez copier, transformer, redistribuer, réécrire, transformer, vous " +"appuyer sur le contenu pour toute raison, même commerciale, tant que vous " +"citez les auteurs, que vous fournissez le lien de la licence, et que vous " +"indiquez si des changements ont été faits. Si vous ré-écrivez, transformez, " +"ou vous appuyez sur le contenu, vous devez publier vos contributions sous la " +"même licence que l'original. Détails de la licence :\n" +"<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid "" "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" "Illustrations par Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "Éditeur : Gunnar Wolf." #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr " " #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." -msgstr "E-book téléchargeable sur <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " +#| "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " +#| "platform." msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" "Créé avec Creative Commons est publié avec l'aimable soutien de Creative " "Commons et des sponsors de notre campagne de financement participatif sur la " "plate-forme Kickstarter.com." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" +#| "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on " +#| "<ulink url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you " +#| "find any error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" "La publication du livre est tenue à jour sur <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/> et les traductions sont tenues à jours sur \n" @@ -160,37 +188,37 @@ msgstr "" "Weblate." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" -msgstr "Classifications :" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" +msgstr "ISBN : A-DEFINIR (PDF), A-DEFINIR (ePub), A-DEFINIR (Paperback)" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 -msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" -msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" +msgstr "E-book téléchargeable sur <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" -msgstr "(UDK) ?" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "(Bibliothèque du Congrès américain) Z286 O63 S73 2017" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "(Melvil) 025.523" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " @@ -200,17 +228,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "Préface" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -230,7 +258,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC<quote>un leurre</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 #, fuzzy msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " @@ -247,7 +275,7 @@ msgstr "" "aboutissement social, mais pas l'aboutissement lui-même." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -256,15 +284,15 @@ msgid "" "course, someone always wins the lottery.</quote>" msgstr "" "Dans l'étude de cas sur Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cite les mots " -"de Cory provenant de son livre Information doesn't want to be free (« " -"L'information ne veut pas être libre ») : <quote>Entrer dans les arts parce " -"qu’on veut s'enrichir est comme acheter des tickets de loterie pour s’" -"enrichir. Ça peut marcher, mais c’est presque certain que ça ne marchera " -"pas. Même si, évidemment, il y a toujours quelq’uun qui remporte le gros " -"lot.</quote>" +"de Cory provenant de son livre Information doesn't want to be free " +"(« L'information ne veut pas être libre ») : <quote>Entrer dans les arts " +"parce qu’on veut s'enrichir est comme acheter des tickets de loterie pour " +"s’enrichir. Ça peut marcher, mais c’est presque certain que ça ne marchera " +"pas. Même si, évidemment, il y a toujours quelq’uun qui remporte le gros lot." +"</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -282,7 +310,7 @@ msgstr "" "poursuite de leurs passions et du fait de vivre avec leurs valeurs." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -298,7 +326,7 @@ msgstr "" "jeux.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -309,7 +337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -321,7 +349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -334,7 +362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -347,7 +375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -357,7 +385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -368,7 +396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -380,7 +408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -388,7 +416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -399,7 +427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -415,7 +443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -427,7 +455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -439,7 +467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -449,27 +477,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "<attribution>PDG, Creative Commons</attribution>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Introduction" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." @@ -478,7 +506,7 @@ msgstr "" " mais avec un détour." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -492,7 +520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -502,14 +530,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -519,7 +547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -529,7 +557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -540,7 +568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -552,14 +580,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -570,7 +598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -582,7 +610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -591,7 +619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -599,7 +627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -607,7 +635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -617,33 +645,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "<attribution>Paul et Sarah </attribution>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "Paul Stacey" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -655,7 +683,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -668,19 +696,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -695,17 +723,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -714,12 +742,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -732,7 +760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -740,7 +768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -753,7 +781,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -764,7 +792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -773,28 +801,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -806,12 +834,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -820,7 +848,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -832,7 +860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -843,23 +871,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -868,7 +896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -880,7 +908,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -892,7 +920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -902,7 +930,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -914,7 +942,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -926,12 +954,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -939,7 +967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -950,7 +978,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -961,14 +989,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -985,23 +1013,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1009,7 +1037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1019,7 +1047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1027,12 +1055,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1043,12 +1071,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1057,7 +1085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1066,7 +1094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1077,7 +1105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1088,7 +1116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1099,7 +1127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1108,12 +1136,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1124,7 +1152,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1134,7 +1162,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1142,7 +1170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1155,23 +1183,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1179,7 +1207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1192,7 +1220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1208,25 +1236,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1238,7 +1266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1246,7 +1274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1266,7 +1294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1279,14 +1307,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1300,7 +1328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1309,23 +1337,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1333,12 +1361,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1346,12 +1374,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1359,28 +1387,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1397,7 +1425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1406,7 +1434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1419,7 +1447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1434,7 +1462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1442,7 +1470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1452,12 +1480,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1468,7 +1496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1476,7 +1504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1493,7 +1521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1503,14 +1531,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1522,7 +1550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1536,7 +1564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1546,7 +1574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1554,7 +1582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1568,22 +1596,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1599,7 +1627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1607,7 +1635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1617,7 +1645,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1628,7 +1656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1636,7 +1664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1649,14 +1677,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1676,7 +1704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1684,7 +1712,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1698,7 +1726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1713,7 +1741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1721,7 +1749,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1733,7 +1761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1742,7 +1770,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1750,14 +1778,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1772,7 +1800,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1780,7 +1808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1791,14 +1819,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1809,7 +1837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1824,7 +1852,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1838,7 +1866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1848,7 +1876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1863,12 +1891,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1877,7 +1905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1887,7 +1915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1901,7 +1929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1915,7 +1943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1923,7 +1951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1939,7 +1967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1953,7 +1981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1968,7 +1996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1984,7 +2012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1993,12 +2021,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -2011,7 +2039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2021,7 +2049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2033,7 +2061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2043,7 +2071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2052,7 +2080,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2067,7 +2095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2078,7 +2106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2089,17 +2117,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2116,7 +2144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2128,7 +2156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2136,7 +2164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2147,7 +2175,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2155,7 +2183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2168,7 +2196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2177,7 +2205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2189,7 +2217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2202,7 +2230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2212,7 +2240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2227,7 +2255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2241,7 +2269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2251,14 +2279,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2273,7 +2301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2285,7 +2313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2297,7 +2325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2305,7 +2333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2318,12 +2346,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2338,7 +2366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2346,7 +2374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2360,12 +2388,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2383,7 +2411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2398,7 +2426,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2408,7 +2436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2416,26 +2444,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2456,26 +2484,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2494,12 +2522,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2516,12 +2544,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2530,7 +2558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2543,12 +2571,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2559,7 +2587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2570,7 +2598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2587,12 +2615,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2604,12 +2632,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2623,19 +2651,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2649,7 +2677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2659,12 +2687,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2680,17 +2708,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2702,12 +2730,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2715,7 +2743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2733,7 +2761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2748,7 +2776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2763,7 +2791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2774,12 +2802,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2790,12 +2818,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2812,7 +2840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2829,12 +2857,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2843,12 +2871,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2862,29 +2890,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2901,12 +2929,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2918,17 +2946,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2944,12 +2972,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -2958,7 +2986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -2976,12 +3004,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2993,7 +3021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -3004,24 +3032,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -3033,12 +3061,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3056,12 +3084,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3075,7 +3103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3086,7 +3114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3095,24 +3123,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3125,17 +3153,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3159,12 +3187,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3175,12 +3203,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3189,12 +3217,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3210,22 +3238,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3241,12 +3269,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3260,17 +3288,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3284,13 +3312,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3301,12 +3329,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3319,12 +3347,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3333,7 +3361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3347,7 +3375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3357,17 +3385,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3377,13 +3405,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3398,12 +3426,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3416,12 +3444,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3439,7 +3467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3450,12 +3478,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3472,7 +3500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3483,7 +3511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3491,7 +3519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3499,7 +3527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3512,7 +3540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3527,7 +3555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3536,19 +3564,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3559,14 +3587,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3582,7 +3610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3596,12 +3624,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3614,22 +3642,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3643,17 +3671,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3670,22 +3698,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3703,12 +3731,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3721,12 +3749,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3740,22 +3768,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3775,11 +3803,11 @@ msgstr "" "suivent votre travail sont aussi des humains. Cory Doctorow se fait une " "obligation de répondre à chaque courriel que quelqu’un lui envoie. Amanda " "Palmer passe de vastes périodes de temps en ligne pour communiquer avec son " -"public, s’obligeant à écouter tout autant qu’elle parle.<placeholder type=\"" -"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"public, s’obligeant à écouter tout autant qu’elle parle.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3787,17 +3815,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3813,12 +3841,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3831,7 +3859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3844,12 +3872,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3859,19 +3887,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3884,17 +3912,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3911,17 +3939,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3937,19 +3965,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3958,14 +3986,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3981,7 +4009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -3989,7 +4017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -4005,7 +4033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -4017,28 +4045,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -4054,12 +4082,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4072,17 +4100,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4103,19 +4131,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4131,14 +4159,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4152,12 +4180,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4172,29 +4200,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4203,12 +4231,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4219,12 +4247,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4232,12 +4260,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4246,12 +4274,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4259,12 +4287,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4273,7 +4301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4281,31 +4309,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4318,7 +4346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4333,7 +4361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4348,7 +4376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4357,7 +4385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4371,12 +4399,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4385,12 +4413,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4402,7 +4430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4412,24 +4440,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4437,38 +4465,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4484,7 +4512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4495,7 +4523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4506,7 +4534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4518,7 +4546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4529,7 +4557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4540,7 +4568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4555,7 +4583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4571,7 +4599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4582,7 +4610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4592,7 +4620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4606,7 +4634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4619,12 +4647,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4638,7 +4666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4653,7 +4681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4667,7 +4695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4679,7 +4707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4690,12 +4718,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4712,7 +4740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4722,7 +4750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4733,7 +4761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4741,12 +4769,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4754,45 +4782,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4801,12 +4829,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4819,7 +4847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4834,7 +4862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4847,7 +4875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4858,7 +4886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4868,7 +4896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4878,7 +4906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4895,7 +4923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4905,7 +4933,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4918,7 +4946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4930,7 +4958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4940,7 +4968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4948,7 +4976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -4963,7 +4991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4974,7 +5002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -4984,7 +5012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4994,43 +5022,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -5043,7 +5071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -5055,7 +5083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5064,7 +5092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5077,7 +5105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5091,7 +5119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5102,7 +5130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5114,7 +5142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5126,7 +5154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5136,7 +5164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5151,7 +5179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5163,7 +5191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5174,7 +5202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5191,7 +5219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5200,7 +5228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5211,7 +5239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5220,7 +5248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5232,46 +5260,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5280,7 +5308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5292,7 +5320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5302,7 +5330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5311,7 +5339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5321,7 +5349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5329,7 +5357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5344,7 +5372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5352,7 +5380,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5361,7 +5389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5377,7 +5405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5385,7 +5413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5394,7 +5422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5405,7 +5433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5420,7 +5448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5430,7 +5458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5439,7 +5467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5458,15 +5486,15 @@ msgstr "" "empêche les gens d’utiliser le jeu pour se faire de l’argent. Elle requiert " "également que les adaptations du jeu soient rendues disponibles selon les " "mêmes conditions de licence si elles sont partagées publiquement. Cards " -"Against Humanity surveille également sa marque. <quote>Nous avons l’" -"impression que nous sommes les seuls à pouvoir utiliser notre marque et " +"Against Humanity surveille également sa marque. <quote>Nous avons " +"l’impression que nous sommes les seuls à pouvoir utiliser notre marque et " "notre jeu pour gagner de l’argent avec</quote>, dit Max. Environ 99,9 " "pourcent du temps, ils envoient juste un courriel à ceux qui font un usage " "commercial de leur jeu, et ça se termine là. Il n’y a eu qu’une poignée de " "cas où ils ont dû faire intervenir un avocat." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5479,7 +5507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5492,7 +5520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5502,7 +5530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5513,7 +5541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5523,7 +5551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5532,12 +5560,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5545,12 +5573,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5558,13 +5586,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5575,7 +5603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5585,7 +5613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5606,7 +5634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5621,7 +5649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5635,7 +5663,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5647,12 +5675,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5669,7 +5697,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5683,7 +5711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5693,7 +5721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5704,7 +5732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5716,7 +5744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5727,7 +5755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5737,7 +5765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5749,7 +5777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5759,7 +5787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5767,7 +5795,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5777,38 +5805,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5819,7 +5847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5827,7 +5855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5839,7 +5867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5847,7 +5875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5865,7 +5893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5881,7 +5909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5893,7 +5921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5905,7 +5933,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5920,7 +5948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5930,7 +5958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5940,7 +5968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5957,7 +5985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5973,7 +6001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5989,7 +6017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -6002,7 +6030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -6015,7 +6043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -6028,7 +6056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -6042,8 +6070,8 @@ msgstr "" "Les fans sont particulièrement enclin à payer s’ils se sentent connectés " "personnellement avec l’artiste. Cory travaille dur pour créer cette " "connexion personnelle. Une des manières dont il procède est de répondre " -"personnellement à chaque courriel qu’il reçoit. <quote>Si on regarde l’" -"histoire des artistes, la plupart meurent dans la misère</quote>, dit-il. " +"personnellement à chaque courriel qu’il reçoit. <quote>Si on regarde " +"l’histoire des artistes, la plupart meurent dans la misère</quote>, dit-il. " "<quote> Cette réalité signifie pour les artistes que nous devons trouver des " "moyens de subvenir à nos besoins quand les goûts du public changent, quand " "le droit d’auteur cesse de produire. Assurer l’avenir de votre carrière " @@ -6051,7 +6079,7 @@ msgstr "" "contact avec les personnes qui ont été touchées par votre travail.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -6061,17 +6089,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6079,29 +6107,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6114,7 +6142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6122,7 +6150,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6133,7 +6161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6142,7 +6170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6150,7 +6178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6161,7 +6189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6171,7 +6199,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6180,7 +6208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6190,7 +6218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6199,7 +6227,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6212,7 +6240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6224,7 +6252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6240,7 +6268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6252,7 +6280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6264,7 +6292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6278,7 +6306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6290,7 +6318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6301,21 +6329,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6329,7 +6357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6342,12 +6370,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6361,7 +6389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6371,7 +6399,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6386,12 +6414,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6399,37 +6427,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6450,7 +6478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6463,7 +6491,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6478,7 +6506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6496,14 +6524,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6521,7 +6549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6536,7 +6564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6556,7 +6584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6565,7 +6593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6582,7 +6610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6597,12 +6625,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6612,12 +6640,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6626,7 +6654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6635,7 +6663,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6649,7 +6677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6661,7 +6689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6676,7 +6704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6687,7 +6715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6695,7 +6723,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6703,7 +6731,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6716,7 +6744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6725,7 +6753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6737,7 +6765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6747,12 +6775,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6760,30 +6788,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6800,7 +6828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6809,7 +6837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6818,7 +6846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6836,7 +6864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6847,7 +6875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6858,7 +6886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6868,7 +6896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6881,35 +6909,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6918,7 +6946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6926,12 +6954,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6940,7 +6968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6952,14 +6980,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6973,7 +7001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6986,7 +7014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -7002,7 +7030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -7010,7 +7038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -7022,7 +7050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7030,7 +7058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7038,7 +7066,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7050,13 +7078,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7069,7 +7097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7081,7 +7109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7091,7 +7119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7105,14 +7133,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7125,7 +7153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7138,48 +7166,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7203,7 +7231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7215,7 +7243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7226,7 +7254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7236,7 +7264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7251,33 +7279,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7287,7 +7315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7297,7 +7325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7306,7 +7334,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7317,7 +7345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7335,7 +7363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7348,7 +7376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7361,7 +7389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7371,7 +7399,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7384,7 +7412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7394,7 +7422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7408,7 +7436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7420,7 +7448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7432,7 +7460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7443,7 +7471,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7456,7 +7484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7467,7 +7495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7476,7 +7504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7489,7 +7517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7501,26 +7529,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7528,12 +7556,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7547,7 +7575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7560,7 +7588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7569,7 +7597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7581,7 +7609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7598,7 +7626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7609,7 +7637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7620,7 +7648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7631,7 +7659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7643,7 +7671,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7653,7 +7681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7665,7 +7693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7679,7 +7707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7696,7 +7724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7705,7 +7733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7719,7 +7747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7730,7 +7758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7740,7 +7768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7750,7 +7778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7758,12 +7786,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7771,30 +7799,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7802,7 +7830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7813,7 +7841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7823,7 +7851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7833,14 +7861,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7852,7 +7880,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7862,7 +7890,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7873,7 +7901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7882,7 +7910,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7897,7 +7925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7910,7 +7938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7920,7 +7948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7936,7 +7964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7951,7 +7979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7959,7 +7987,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7972,14 +8000,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7988,7 +8016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7997,7 +8025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -8012,7 +8040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -8022,7 +8050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8031,7 +8059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8042,7 +8070,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8051,7 +8079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8063,7 +8091,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8072,7 +8100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8084,7 +8112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8096,12 +8124,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8109,31 +8137,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8145,7 +8173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8159,7 +8187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8169,38 +8197,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8211,7 +8239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8221,7 +8249,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8231,7 +8259,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8241,19 +8269,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8268,7 +8296,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8283,7 +8311,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8294,7 +8322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8304,7 +8332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8315,13 +8343,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8329,7 +8357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8339,7 +8367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8348,7 +8376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8359,7 +8387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8372,14 +8400,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8387,7 +8415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8398,12 +8426,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8414,7 +8442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8423,7 +8451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8432,7 +8460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8451,7 +8479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8459,7 +8487,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8468,46 +8496,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8515,32 +8543,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8549,7 +8577,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8567,7 +8595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8576,7 +8604,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8589,7 +8617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8599,7 +8627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8607,7 +8635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8617,12 +8645,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8631,7 +8659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8640,7 +8668,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8652,12 +8680,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8670,7 +8698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8678,14 +8706,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8693,14 +8721,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8708,7 +8736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8717,14 +8745,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8733,24 +8761,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8763,34 +8791,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8798,7 +8826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8808,7 +8836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8819,7 +8847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8829,7 +8857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8839,12 +8867,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8856,7 +8884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8866,29 +8894,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8896,28 +8924,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8930,7 +8958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8940,7 +8968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8948,12 +8976,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8961,31 +8989,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8999,7 +9027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -9012,7 +9040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -9026,14 +9054,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9046,7 +9074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9057,7 +9085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9067,7 +9095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9076,12 +9104,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9091,7 +9119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9100,7 +9128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9113,7 +9141,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9125,7 +9153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9137,7 +9165,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9150,7 +9178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9160,7 +9188,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9172,7 +9200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9187,7 +9215,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9198,7 +9226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9212,7 +9240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9231,7 +9259,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9243,7 +9271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9255,7 +9283,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9267,34 +9295,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9303,7 +9331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9312,7 +9340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9322,7 +9350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9344,22 +9372,22 @@ msgstr "" "possible à chaque étudiant·e qui le veut d’accéder à une éducation." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9368,12 +9396,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9381,7 +9409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9390,7 +9418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9399,7 +9427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9410,7 +9438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9426,7 +9454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9439,7 +9467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9453,7 +9481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9467,7 +9495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9486,7 +9514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9496,7 +9524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9508,7 +9536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9522,7 +9550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9534,7 +9562,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9545,7 +9573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9557,7 +9585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9569,7 +9597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9580,7 +9608,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9592,7 +9620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9607,7 +9635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9619,7 +9647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9631,12 +9659,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9644,30 +9672,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9683,7 +9711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9697,7 +9725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9711,7 +9739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9725,7 +9753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9739,7 +9767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9751,7 +9779,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9759,7 +9787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9777,7 +9805,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9788,7 +9816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9796,7 +9824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9807,7 +9835,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9816,7 +9844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9827,7 +9855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9837,7 +9865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9861,7 +9889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9869,7 +9897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9878,7 +9906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9892,7 +9920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9901,7 +9929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9919,7 +9947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9931,17 +9959,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9957,7 +9985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9969,7 +9997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9981,7 +10009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9989,24 +10017,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -10014,19 +10042,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10043,7 +10071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10059,7 +10087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10070,12 +10098,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10091,7 +10119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10105,7 +10133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10120,7 +10148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10133,7 +10161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10149,7 +10177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10160,7 +10188,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10175,12 +10203,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10191,7 +10219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10204,7 +10232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10213,7 +10241,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10226,14 +10254,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10247,7 +10275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10256,14 +10284,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10281,7 +10309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10289,7 +10317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10300,7 +10328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10315,7 +10343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10335,42 +10363,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10383,7 +10411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10397,7 +10425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10408,7 +10436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10421,7 +10449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10434,7 +10462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10447,7 +10475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10463,7 +10491,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10479,7 +10507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10491,7 +10519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10500,7 +10528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10512,7 +10540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10526,7 +10554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10538,7 +10566,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10548,7 +10576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10566,7 +10594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10575,12 +10603,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10588,29 +10616,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10620,7 +10648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10629,7 +10657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10639,12 +10667,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10656,7 +10684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10666,7 +10694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10675,12 +10703,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10692,7 +10720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10702,7 +10730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10718,12 +10746,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10735,7 +10763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10744,7 +10772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10755,7 +10783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10766,7 +10794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10777,7 +10805,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10791,7 +10819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10800,7 +10828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10811,7 +10839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10823,7 +10851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10834,7 +10862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10843,7 +10871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10854,7 +10882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10867,7 +10895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10878,7 +10906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10888,12 +10916,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10903,7 +10931,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10915,7 +10943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10926,7 +10954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10939,7 +10967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10951,7 +10979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10961,7 +10989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10974,7 +11002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10983,7 +11011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10993,7 +11021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -11009,42 +11037,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11054,7 +11082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11063,7 +11091,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11074,7 +11102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11086,7 +11114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11095,7 +11123,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11107,7 +11135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11119,7 +11147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11132,7 +11160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11143,7 +11171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11154,7 +11182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11164,7 +11192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11173,7 +11201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11186,7 +11214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11198,7 +11226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11214,7 +11242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11226,7 +11254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11236,7 +11264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11250,7 +11278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11263,7 +11291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11275,7 +11303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11290,12 +11318,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11303,29 +11331,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11334,7 +11362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11349,7 +11377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11370,7 +11398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11384,7 +11412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11392,7 +11420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11409,7 +11437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11420,7 +11448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11431,7 +11459,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11447,7 +11475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11464,7 +11492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11484,7 +11512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11499,7 +11527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11512,7 +11540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11524,7 +11552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11539,7 +11567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11550,7 +11578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11561,12 +11589,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11574,24 +11602,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11602,7 +11630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11614,7 +11642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11626,7 +11654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11636,7 +11664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11646,12 +11674,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11664,7 +11692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11685,7 +11713,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11700,7 +11728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11710,12 +11738,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11728,7 +11756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11740,7 +11768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11753,7 +11781,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11763,7 +11791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11772,7 +11800,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11782,7 +11810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11795,7 +11823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11806,7 +11834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11820,7 +11848,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11838,7 +11866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11851,46 +11879,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11900,7 +11928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11908,7 +11936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11924,7 +11952,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11933,7 +11961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11944,7 +11972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11958,7 +11986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11981,7 +12009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11998,7 +12026,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -12012,14 +12040,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12039,7 +12067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12051,7 +12079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12063,7 +12091,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12075,7 +12103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12084,7 +12112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12093,7 +12121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12103,12 +12131,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12116,33 +12144,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12151,7 +12179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12159,7 +12187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12168,14 +12196,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12187,56 +12215,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12247,7 +12275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12255,21 +12283,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12278,7 +12306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12287,14 +12315,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12302,7 +12330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12311,21 +12339,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12333,91 +12361,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12425,28 +12453,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12454,7 +12482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12462,7 +12490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12471,14 +12499,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12488,7 +12516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12497,7 +12525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12506,7 +12534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12514,7 +12542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12522,74 +12550,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12597,21 +12625,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12621,7 +12649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12629,7 +12657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12637,19 +12665,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Remerciements" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12659,7 +12687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12667,7 +12695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12677,7 +12705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12691,7 +12719,7 @@ msgstr "" "tous sincèrement." #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12740,7 +12768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -13395,8 +13423,8 @@ msgstr "" "Hunner, Tryggvi Björgvinsson, Tumuult, Tushar Roy, Tyler Occhiogrosso, Udo " "Blenkhorn, Uri Sivan, Vanja Bobas, Vantharith Oum, Vaughan jenkins, Veethika " "Mishra, Vic King, Vickie Goode, Victor DePina, Victor Grigas, Victoria " -"Klassen, Victorien Elvinger, VIGA Manufacture, Vikas Shah, Vinayak " -"S.Kaujalgi, Vincent O’Leary, Violette Paquet, Virginia Gentilini, Virginia " +"Klassen, Victorien Elvinger, VIGA Manufacture, Vikas Shah, Vinayak S." +"Kaujalgi, Vincent O’Leary, Violette Paquet, Virginia Gentilini, Virginia " "Kopelman, Vitor Menezes, Vivian Marthell, Wayne Mackintosh, Wendy Keenan, " "Werner Wiethege, Wesley Derbyshire, Widar Hellwig, Willa Köerner, William " "Bettridge-Radford, William Jefferson, William Marshall, William Peter Nash, " @@ -13405,3 +13433,12 @@ msgstr "" "Yancey Strickler, Yann Heurtaux, Yasmine Hajjar, Yu-Hsian Sun, Yves " "Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, " "ZeMarmot Open Movie" + +#~ msgid "Classifications:" +#~ msgstr "Classifications :" + +#~ msgid "(UDK) ?" +#~ msgstr "(UDK) ?" + +#~ msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" +#~ msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?" diff --git a/po/nl/mwcc.po b/po/nl/mwcc.po index 550d31d..e73f3bb 100644 --- a/po/nl/mwcc.po +++ b/po/nl/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-02-04 21:35+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Nathan Follens <nathan@email.is>\n" "Language-Team: Dutch <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -23,9 +23,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "nl" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemaakt met Creative Commons" @@ -64,9 +63,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " @@ -94,21 +92,20 @@ msgstr "" "Licentiedetails: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 #, fuzzy -#| msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "door Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 #, fuzzy #| msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons." msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017, door Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -117,14 +114,35 @@ msgstr "" "BY-SA), versie 4.0." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " +#| "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " +#| "purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, " +#| "provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you " +#| "remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your " +#| "contributions under the same license as the original. License details: " +#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" msgstr "" +"Dit boek is uitgegeven onder een CC BY-SA-licentie. Dit betekent dat u het " +"mag kopiëren, verspreiden, wijzigen en verder mag werken aan de inhoud voor " +"welk doel dan ook, zelfs commercieel, zolang u de originele auteurs maar " +"benoemt, een link naar de licentie plaatst en aangeeft of u wijzigingen hebt " +"gedaan. Als u wijzigingen aanbrengt of verder werkt aan het materiaal, dan " +"moet u uw bijdragen uitbrengen onder dezelfde licentie als het origineel. " +"Licentiedetails: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com" msgid "" @@ -132,7 +150,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "Illustraties door Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Publisher:" msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." @@ -140,69 +158,66 @@ msgstr "Uitgever:" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 #, fuzzy -#| msgid "Downloadable e-book available at madewith.cc" -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." -msgstr "E-boek beschikbaar voor downloaden op madewith.cc" - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#| msgid "" +#| "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " +#| "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " +#| "platform." msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" "Gemaakt met Creative Commons wordt uitgegeven met de vriendelijke " "ondersteuning van Creative Commons en de mensen die bijgedragen hebben aan " "onze crowdfunding-campagne op Kickstarter.com." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 -msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" -msgstr "" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "Downloadable e-book available at madewith.cc" +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" +msgstr "E-boek beschikbaar voor downloaden op madewith.cc" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 #, fuzzy msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " @@ -218,21 +233,21 @@ msgstr "" "over allerlei soorten dingen dan de meesten van ons in ons dagelijks leven.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 #, fuzzy #| msgid "- David Foster Wallace" msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "- David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 #, fuzzy #| msgid "## Foreword" msgid "Foreword" msgstr "## Voorwoord" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " @@ -260,7 +275,7 @@ msgstr "" "zakelijke werkwijzen d.m.v. CC \"een rode haring.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " @@ -283,7 +298,7 @@ msgstr "" "einde zelf.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites " @@ -305,7 +320,7 @@ msgstr "" "hoogstwaarschijnlijk niet. Ook al wilt iemand altijd de loterij.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " @@ -330,7 +345,7 @@ msgstr "" "vruchten oogsten van het volgen van hun passies." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -340,7 +355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -351,7 +366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -363,7 +378,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -376,7 +391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -389,7 +404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -399,7 +414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -410,7 +425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -422,7 +437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -430,7 +445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -441,7 +456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -457,7 +472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -469,7 +484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -481,7 +496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -491,38 +506,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 #, fuzzy #| msgid "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 #, fuzzy #| msgid "## Introduction" msgid "Introduction" msgstr "## Inleiding" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -536,7 +551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -546,14 +561,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -563,7 +578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -573,7 +588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -584,7 +599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -596,14 +611,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -614,7 +629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -626,7 +641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -635,7 +650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -643,7 +658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -651,7 +666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -661,33 +676,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -699,7 +714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -712,19 +727,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -739,17 +754,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -758,12 +773,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -776,7 +791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -784,7 +799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -797,7 +812,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -808,7 +823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -817,28 +832,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -850,12 +865,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -864,7 +879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -876,7 +891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -887,23 +902,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -912,7 +927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -924,7 +939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -936,7 +951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -946,7 +961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -958,7 +973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -970,12 +985,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -983,7 +998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -994,7 +1009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -1005,14 +1020,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -1029,23 +1044,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1053,7 +1068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1063,7 +1078,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1071,12 +1086,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1087,12 +1102,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1101,7 +1116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1110,7 +1125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1121,7 +1136,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1132,7 +1147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1143,7 +1158,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1152,13 +1167,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 #, fuzzy msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "### Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1169,7 +1184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1179,7 +1194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1187,7 +1202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1200,23 +1215,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1224,7 +1239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1237,7 +1252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1253,25 +1268,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1283,7 +1298,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1291,7 +1306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1311,7 +1326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1324,14 +1339,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1345,7 +1360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1354,23 +1369,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1378,12 +1393,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1391,12 +1406,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1404,28 +1419,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1442,7 +1457,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1451,7 +1466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1464,7 +1479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1479,7 +1494,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1487,7 +1502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1497,13 +1512,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 #, fuzzy msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "### Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1514,7 +1529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1522,7 +1537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1539,7 +1554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1549,14 +1564,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1568,7 +1583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1582,7 +1597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1592,7 +1607,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1600,7 +1615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1614,22 +1629,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1645,7 +1660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1653,7 +1668,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1663,7 +1678,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1674,7 +1689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1682,7 +1697,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1695,14 +1710,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1722,7 +1737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1730,7 +1745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1744,7 +1759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1759,7 +1774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1767,7 +1782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1779,7 +1794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1788,7 +1803,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1796,14 +1811,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1818,7 +1833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1826,7 +1841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1837,14 +1852,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1855,7 +1870,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1870,7 +1885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1884,7 +1899,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1894,7 +1909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1909,12 +1924,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1923,7 +1938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1933,7 +1948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1947,7 +1962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1961,7 +1976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1969,7 +1984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1985,7 +2000,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1999,7 +2014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -2014,7 +2029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -2030,7 +2045,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -2039,12 +2054,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -2057,7 +2072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2067,7 +2082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2079,7 +2094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2089,7 +2104,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2098,7 +2113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2113,7 +2128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2124,7 +2139,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2135,18 +2150,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 #, fuzzy msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "## Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2163,7 +2178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2175,7 +2190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2183,7 +2198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2194,7 +2209,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2202,7 +2217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2215,7 +2230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2224,7 +2239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2236,7 +2251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2249,7 +2264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2259,7 +2274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2274,7 +2289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2288,7 +2303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2298,14 +2313,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2320,7 +2335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2332,7 +2347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2344,7 +2359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2352,7 +2367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2365,12 +2380,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2385,7 +2400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2393,7 +2408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2407,12 +2422,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2430,7 +2445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2445,7 +2460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2455,7 +2470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2463,26 +2478,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2503,26 +2518,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2541,12 +2556,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2563,12 +2578,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2577,7 +2592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2590,12 +2605,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2606,7 +2621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2617,7 +2632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2634,12 +2649,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2651,12 +2666,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2670,19 +2685,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2696,7 +2711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2706,12 +2721,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2727,17 +2742,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2749,12 +2764,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2762,7 +2777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2780,7 +2795,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2795,7 +2810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2810,7 +2825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2821,12 +2836,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2837,12 +2852,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2859,7 +2874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2876,12 +2891,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2890,12 +2905,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2909,29 +2924,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2948,12 +2963,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2965,17 +2980,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2991,12 +3006,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -3005,7 +3020,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -3023,12 +3038,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -3040,7 +3055,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -3051,24 +3066,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -3080,12 +3095,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3103,12 +3118,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3122,7 +3137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3133,7 +3148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3142,24 +3157,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3172,17 +3187,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3206,12 +3221,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3222,12 +3237,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3236,12 +3251,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3257,22 +3272,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3288,12 +3303,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3307,17 +3322,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3331,13 +3346,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3348,12 +3363,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3366,12 +3381,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3380,7 +3395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3394,7 +3409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3404,17 +3419,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3424,13 +3439,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3445,12 +3460,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3463,12 +3478,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3486,7 +3501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3497,12 +3512,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3519,7 +3534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3530,7 +3545,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3538,7 +3553,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3546,7 +3561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3559,7 +3574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3574,7 +3589,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3583,19 +3598,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3606,14 +3621,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3629,7 +3644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3643,12 +3658,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3661,22 +3676,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3690,17 +3705,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3717,22 +3732,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3750,12 +3765,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3768,12 +3783,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3787,22 +3802,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3816,7 +3831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3824,17 +3839,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3850,12 +3865,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3868,7 +3883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3881,12 +3896,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3896,19 +3911,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3921,17 +3936,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3948,17 +3963,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3974,19 +3989,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3995,14 +4010,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -4018,7 +4033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -4026,7 +4041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -4042,7 +4057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -4054,28 +4069,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -4091,12 +4106,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4109,17 +4124,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4140,19 +4155,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4168,14 +4183,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4189,13 +4204,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 #, fuzzy msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "## Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4210,29 +4225,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4241,12 +4256,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4257,12 +4272,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4270,12 +4285,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4284,12 +4299,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4297,12 +4312,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4311,7 +4326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4319,31 +4334,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4356,7 +4371,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4371,7 +4386,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4386,7 +4401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4395,7 +4410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4409,12 +4424,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4423,12 +4438,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4440,7 +4455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4450,24 +4465,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4475,38 +4490,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4522,7 +4537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4533,7 +4548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4544,7 +4559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4556,7 +4571,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4567,7 +4582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4578,7 +4593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4593,7 +4608,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4609,7 +4624,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4620,7 +4635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4630,7 +4645,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4644,7 +4659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4657,12 +4672,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4676,7 +4691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4691,7 +4706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4705,7 +4720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4717,7 +4732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4728,12 +4743,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4750,7 +4765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4760,7 +4775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4771,7 +4786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4779,12 +4794,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4792,45 +4807,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4839,12 +4854,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4857,7 +4872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4872,7 +4887,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4885,7 +4900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4896,7 +4911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4906,7 +4921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4916,7 +4931,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4933,7 +4948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4943,7 +4958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4956,7 +4971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4968,7 +4983,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4978,7 +4993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4986,7 +5001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -5001,7 +5016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -5012,7 +5027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -5022,7 +5037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -5032,43 +5047,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -5081,7 +5096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -5093,7 +5108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5102,7 +5117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5115,7 +5130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5129,7 +5144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5140,7 +5155,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5152,7 +5167,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5164,7 +5179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5174,7 +5189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5189,7 +5204,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5201,7 +5216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5212,7 +5227,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5229,7 +5244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5238,7 +5253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5249,7 +5264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5258,7 +5273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5270,46 +5285,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5318,7 +5333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5330,7 +5345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5340,7 +5355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5349,7 +5364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5359,7 +5374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5367,7 +5382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5382,7 +5397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5390,7 +5405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5399,7 +5414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5415,7 +5430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5423,7 +5438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5432,7 +5447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5443,7 +5458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5458,7 +5473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5468,7 +5483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5477,7 +5492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5492,7 +5507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5505,7 +5520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5518,7 +5533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5528,7 +5543,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5539,7 +5554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5549,7 +5564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5558,12 +5573,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5571,12 +5586,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5584,13 +5599,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5601,7 +5616,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5611,7 +5626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5632,7 +5647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5647,7 +5662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5661,7 +5676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5673,12 +5688,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5695,7 +5710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5709,7 +5724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5719,7 +5734,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5730,7 +5745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5742,7 +5757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5753,7 +5768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5763,7 +5778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5775,7 +5790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5785,7 +5800,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5793,7 +5808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5803,38 +5818,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5845,7 +5860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5853,7 +5868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5865,7 +5880,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5873,7 +5888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5891,7 +5906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5907,7 +5922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5919,7 +5934,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5931,7 +5946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5946,7 +5961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5956,7 +5971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5966,7 +5981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5983,7 +5998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5999,7 +6014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -6015,7 +6030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -6028,7 +6043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -6041,7 +6056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -6054,7 +6069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -6067,7 +6082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -6077,17 +6092,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6095,29 +6110,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6130,7 +6145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6138,7 +6153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6149,7 +6164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6158,7 +6173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6166,7 +6181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6177,7 +6192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6187,7 +6202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6196,7 +6211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6206,7 +6221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6215,7 +6230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6228,7 +6243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6240,7 +6255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6256,7 +6271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6268,7 +6283,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6280,7 +6295,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6294,7 +6309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6306,7 +6321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6317,21 +6332,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6345,7 +6360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6358,12 +6373,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6377,7 +6392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6387,7 +6402,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6402,12 +6417,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6415,37 +6430,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6466,7 +6481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6479,7 +6494,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6494,7 +6509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6512,14 +6527,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6537,7 +6552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6552,7 +6567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6572,7 +6587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6581,7 +6596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6598,7 +6613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6613,12 +6628,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6628,12 +6643,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6642,7 +6657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6651,7 +6666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6665,7 +6680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6677,7 +6692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6692,7 +6707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6703,7 +6718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6711,7 +6726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6719,7 +6734,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6732,7 +6747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6741,7 +6756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6753,7 +6768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6763,12 +6778,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6776,30 +6791,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6816,7 +6831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6825,7 +6840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6834,7 +6849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6852,7 +6867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6863,7 +6878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6874,7 +6889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6884,7 +6899,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6897,35 +6912,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6934,7 +6949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6942,12 +6957,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6956,7 +6971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6968,14 +6983,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6989,7 +7004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -7002,7 +7017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -7018,7 +7033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -7026,7 +7041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -7038,7 +7053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7046,7 +7061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7054,7 +7069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7066,13 +7081,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7085,7 +7100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7097,7 +7112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7107,7 +7122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7121,14 +7136,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7141,7 +7156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7154,48 +7169,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7219,7 +7234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7231,7 +7246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7242,7 +7257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7252,7 +7267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7267,33 +7282,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7303,7 +7318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7313,7 +7328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7322,7 +7337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7333,7 +7348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7351,7 +7366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7364,7 +7379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7377,7 +7392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7387,7 +7402,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7400,7 +7415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7410,7 +7425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7424,7 +7439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7436,7 +7451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7448,7 +7463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7459,7 +7474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7472,7 +7487,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7483,7 +7498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7492,7 +7507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7505,7 +7520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7517,26 +7532,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7544,12 +7559,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7563,7 +7578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7576,7 +7591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7585,7 +7600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7597,7 +7612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7614,7 +7629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7625,7 +7640,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7636,7 +7651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7647,7 +7662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7659,7 +7674,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7669,7 +7684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7681,7 +7696,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7695,7 +7710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7712,7 +7727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7721,7 +7736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7735,7 +7750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7746,7 +7761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7756,7 +7771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7766,7 +7781,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7774,12 +7789,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7787,30 +7802,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7818,7 +7833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7829,7 +7844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7839,7 +7854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7849,14 +7864,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7868,7 +7883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7878,7 +7893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7889,7 +7904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7898,7 +7913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7913,7 +7928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7926,7 +7941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7936,7 +7951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7952,7 +7967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7967,7 +7982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7975,7 +7990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7988,14 +8003,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -8004,7 +8019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -8013,7 +8028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -8028,7 +8043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -8038,7 +8053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8047,7 +8062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8058,7 +8073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8067,7 +8082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8079,7 +8094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8088,7 +8103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8100,7 +8115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8112,12 +8127,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8125,31 +8140,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8161,7 +8176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8175,7 +8190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8185,38 +8200,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8227,7 +8242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8237,7 +8252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8247,7 +8262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8257,19 +8272,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8284,7 +8299,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8299,7 +8314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8310,7 +8325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8320,7 +8335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8331,13 +8346,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8345,7 +8360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8355,7 +8370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8364,7 +8379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8375,7 +8390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8388,14 +8403,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8403,7 +8418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8414,12 +8429,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8430,7 +8445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8439,7 +8454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8448,7 +8463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8467,7 +8482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8475,7 +8490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8484,46 +8499,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8531,32 +8546,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8565,7 +8580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8583,7 +8598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8592,7 +8607,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8605,7 +8620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8615,7 +8630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8623,7 +8638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8633,12 +8648,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8647,7 +8662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8656,7 +8671,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8668,12 +8683,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8686,7 +8701,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8694,14 +8709,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8709,14 +8724,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8724,7 +8739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8733,14 +8748,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8749,24 +8764,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8779,34 +8794,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8814,7 +8829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8824,7 +8839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8835,7 +8850,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8845,7 +8860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8855,12 +8870,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8872,7 +8887,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8882,29 +8897,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8912,28 +8927,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8946,7 +8961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8956,7 +8971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8964,12 +8979,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8977,31 +8992,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -9015,7 +9030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -9028,7 +9043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -9042,14 +9057,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9062,7 +9077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9073,7 +9088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9083,7 +9098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9092,12 +9107,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9107,7 +9122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9116,7 +9131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9129,7 +9144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9141,7 +9156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9153,7 +9168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9166,7 +9181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9176,7 +9191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9188,7 +9203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9203,7 +9218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9214,7 +9229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9228,7 +9243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9247,7 +9262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9259,7 +9274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9271,7 +9286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9283,34 +9298,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9319,7 +9334,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9328,7 +9343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9338,7 +9353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9351,22 +9366,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9375,12 +9390,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9388,7 +9403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9397,7 +9412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9406,7 +9421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9417,7 +9432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9433,7 +9448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9446,7 +9461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9460,7 +9475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9474,7 +9489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9493,7 +9508,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9503,7 +9518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9515,7 +9530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9529,7 +9544,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9541,7 +9556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9552,7 +9567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9564,7 +9579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9576,7 +9591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9587,7 +9602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9599,7 +9614,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9614,7 +9629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9626,7 +9641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9638,12 +9653,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9651,30 +9666,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9690,7 +9705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9704,7 +9719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9718,7 +9733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9732,7 +9747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9746,7 +9761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9758,7 +9773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9766,7 +9781,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9784,7 +9799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9795,7 +9810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9803,7 +9818,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9814,7 +9829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9823,7 +9838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9834,7 +9849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9844,7 +9859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9868,7 +9883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9876,7 +9891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9885,7 +9900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9899,7 +9914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9908,7 +9923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9926,7 +9941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9938,17 +9953,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9964,7 +9979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9976,7 +9991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9988,7 +10003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9996,24 +10011,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -10021,19 +10036,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10050,7 +10065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10066,7 +10081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10077,12 +10092,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10098,7 +10113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10112,7 +10127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10127,7 +10142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10140,7 +10155,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10156,7 +10171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10167,7 +10182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10182,12 +10197,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10198,7 +10213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10211,7 +10226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10220,7 +10235,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10233,14 +10248,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10254,7 +10269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10263,14 +10278,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10288,7 +10303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10296,7 +10311,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10307,7 +10322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10322,7 +10337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10342,42 +10357,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10390,7 +10405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10404,7 +10419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10415,7 +10430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10428,7 +10443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10441,7 +10456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10454,7 +10469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10470,7 +10485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10486,7 +10501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10498,7 +10513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10507,7 +10522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10519,7 +10534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10533,7 +10548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10545,7 +10560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10555,7 +10570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10573,7 +10588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10582,12 +10597,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10595,29 +10610,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10627,7 +10642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10636,7 +10651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10646,12 +10661,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10663,7 +10678,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10673,7 +10688,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10682,12 +10697,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10699,7 +10714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10709,7 +10724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10725,12 +10740,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10742,7 +10757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10751,7 +10766,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10762,7 +10777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10773,7 +10788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10784,7 +10799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10798,7 +10813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10807,7 +10822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10818,7 +10833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10830,7 +10845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10841,7 +10856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10850,7 +10865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10861,7 +10876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10874,7 +10889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10885,7 +10900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10895,12 +10910,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10910,7 +10925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10922,7 +10937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10933,7 +10948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10946,7 +10961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10958,7 +10973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10968,7 +10983,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10981,7 +10996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10990,7 +11005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -11000,7 +11015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -11016,42 +11031,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11061,7 +11076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11070,7 +11085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11081,7 +11096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11093,7 +11108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11102,7 +11117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11114,7 +11129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11126,7 +11141,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11139,7 +11154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11150,7 +11165,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11161,7 +11176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11171,7 +11186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11180,7 +11195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11193,7 +11208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11205,7 +11220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11221,7 +11236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11233,7 +11248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11243,7 +11258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11257,7 +11272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11270,7 +11285,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11282,7 +11297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11297,12 +11312,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11310,29 +11325,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11341,7 +11356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11356,7 +11371,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11377,7 +11392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11391,7 +11406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11399,7 +11414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11416,7 +11431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11427,7 +11442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11438,7 +11453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11454,7 +11469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11471,7 +11486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11491,7 +11506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11506,7 +11521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11519,7 +11534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11531,7 +11546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11546,7 +11561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11557,7 +11572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11568,12 +11583,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11581,24 +11596,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11609,7 +11624,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11621,7 +11636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11633,7 +11648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11643,7 +11658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11653,12 +11668,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11671,7 +11686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11692,7 +11707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11707,7 +11722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11717,12 +11732,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11735,7 +11750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11747,7 +11762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11760,7 +11775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11770,7 +11785,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11779,7 +11794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11789,7 +11804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11802,7 +11817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11813,7 +11828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11827,7 +11842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11845,7 +11860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11858,46 +11873,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11907,7 +11922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11915,7 +11930,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11931,7 +11946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11940,7 +11955,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11951,7 +11966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11965,7 +11980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11988,7 +12003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -12005,7 +12020,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -12019,14 +12034,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12046,7 +12061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12058,7 +12073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12070,7 +12085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12082,7 +12097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12091,7 +12106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12100,7 +12115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12110,12 +12125,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12123,33 +12138,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12158,7 +12173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12166,7 +12181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12175,14 +12190,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12194,56 +12209,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12254,7 +12269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12262,21 +12277,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12285,7 +12300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12294,14 +12309,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12309,7 +12324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12318,21 +12333,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12340,91 +12355,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12432,28 +12447,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12461,7 +12476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12469,7 +12484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12478,14 +12493,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12495,7 +12510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12504,7 +12519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12513,7 +12528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12521,7 +12536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12529,74 +12544,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12604,21 +12619,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12628,7 +12643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12636,7 +12651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12644,19 +12659,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12666,7 +12681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12674,7 +12689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12684,7 +12699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12693,7 +12708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12742,7 +12757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -13077,13 +13092,14 @@ msgid "" "ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" -#~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" -#~ msgstr "Gemaakt met Creative Commons" - #, fuzzy -#~ msgid "% Made with Creative Commons % Paul Stacey;Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#~| msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#~ msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #~ msgstr "door Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" +#~ msgstr "Gemaakt met Creative Commons" + #~ msgid "ISBN 978-87-998733-3-3" #~ msgstr "ISBN 978-87-998733-3-3" diff --git a/po/pl/mwcc.po b/po/pl/mwcc.po index d155f95..dacc858 100644 --- a/po/pl/mwcc.po +++ b/po/pl/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-09-05 18:36+0000\n" "Last-Translator: WaldiS <sto@tutanota.de>\n" "Language-Team: Polish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -24,9 +24,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "pl" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Wykonane zgodnie z licencją Creative Commons" @@ -65,9 +64,8 @@ msgstr "<publishername>Instytut Badań Ekonomicznych</publishername>" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "Narodowy Uniwersytet Autonomiczny Meksyku" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -84,21 +82,23 @@ msgstr "" "zostanie odsyłacz do licencji i wskazane zostaną zmiany (jeśli zostały " "wprowadzone). Jeśli remiksujesz, przekształcasz lub wykorzystujesz ten " "materiał, musisz go rozpowszechniać na tej samej licencji, co oryginał. " -"Szczegóły licencji: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4." -"0/\"/>" +"Szczegóły licencji: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-" +"sa/4.0/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" -msgstr "Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +msgstr "Paul Stacey i Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -107,43 +107,64 @@ msgstr "" "ShareAlike (CC BY-SA), wersja 4.0." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 -msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " +#| "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " +#| "purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, " +#| "provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you " +#| "remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your " +#| "contributions under the same license as the original. License details: " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" +msgid "" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" msgstr "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Oprawa papierowa)" +"Ta książka jest wydana zgodnie z licencją CC BY-SA co oznacza, że można ją " +"kopiować, rozpowszechniać ponownie, remiksować, przekształcać i tworzyć nowe " +"teksty na podstawie jej zawartości — w dowolnym celu, nawet komercyjnie, pod " +"warunkiem, że załączone zostaną odpowiednie podziękowania, udostępniony " +"zostanie odsyłacz do licencji i wskazane zostaną zmiany (jeśli zostały " +"wprowadzone). Jeśli remiksujesz, przekształcasz lub wykorzystujesz ten " +"materiał, musisz go rozpowszechniać na tej samej licencji, co oryginał. " +"Szczegóły licencji: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-" +"sa/4.0/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid "" "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" "Ilustracje: Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "Wydawca: Gunnar Wolf." #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr " Tłumacz: Stanisław Krukowski " #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." -msgstr "E-book do pobrania dostępny na <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " +#| "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " +#| "platform." msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" "Książka <quote>Wykonane zgodnie z licencją Creative Commons</quote> jest " "opublikowana dzięki uprzejmemu wsparciu Creative Commons i osobom " @@ -151,12 +172,18 @@ msgstr "" "na platformie Kickstarter.com." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" +#| "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on " +#| "<ulink url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you " +#| "find any error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" "To wydanie książki jest utrzymywane na <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, a tłumaczenia są utrzymywane na <ulink url=" @@ -164,37 +191,39 @@ msgstr "" "jakikolwiek błąd w książce, powiadom nas proszę poprzez gitlab." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" -msgstr "Klasyfikacje:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" +msgstr "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Oprawa papierowa)" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 -msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" -msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" +msgstr "E-book do pobrania dostępny na <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" -msgstr "(UDK) ?" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "(Melvil) 025.523" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " @@ -218,17 +247,17 @@ msgstr "" "codziennym życiu.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "Przedmowa" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -245,11 +274,11 @@ msgstr "" "pisarz, dzielący się swoją pracą z innymi za pomocą CC — powiedziałem mu, że " "sądzę, iż CC odegrały pewną rolę w zdefiniowaniu i pogłębianiu modeli " "otwartego biznesu. Cory Doctorow uprzejmie nie zgodził się ze mną, nazywając " -"prowadzenie opłacalnych modeli biznesowych, zgodnych z CC, mianem <quote>" -"fałszywego tropu (ang. red herring).</quote>)" +"prowadzenie opłacalnych modeli biznesowych, zgodnych z CC, mianem " +"<quote>fałszywego tropu (ang. red herring).</quote>)" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " @@ -265,7 +294,7 @@ msgstr "" "środkami do osiągania celów społecznych, a nie celem samym w sobie.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -274,14 +303,14 @@ msgid "" "course, someone always wins the lottery.</quote>" msgstr "" "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson, w studium przypadku o Cory Doctorow, cytuje słowa z " -"jego książki <quote>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free:</quote> <quote>" -"Wejście w dziedzinę sztuki tylko dlatego, aby stać się bogatym, jest jak " -"kupno losu na loterię tylko w tym celu, aby się wzbogacić. To może " +"jego książki <quote>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free:</quote> " +"<quote>Wejście w dziedzinę sztuki tylko dlatego, aby stać się bogatym, jest " +"jak kupno losu na loterię tylko w tym celu, aby się wzbogacić. To może " "zadziałać, ale przeważnie nie ma szans powodzenia. Chociaż, oczywiście, ktoś " "zawsze na loterii wygrywa.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -299,7 +328,7 @@ msgstr "" "osobistych pasji, zgodnie z własnymi wartościami życiowymi." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -315,7 +344,7 @@ msgstr "" "więcej dowcipów i gier.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -335,7 +364,7 @@ msgstr "" "książki Zrobione na licencji Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -355,7 +384,7 @@ msgstr "" "społeczności lokalne." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -379,7 +408,7 @@ msgstr "" "z kim mógłbym tak przyjemnie debatować o wielu różnych sprawach." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -401,7 +430,7 @@ msgstr "" "książka stała się lepsza, bardziej wnikliwa i pożyteczna." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -418,7 +447,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelu biznesowego." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -436,7 +465,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -459,7 +488,7 @@ msgstr "" "with Creative Commons»." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -473,7 +502,7 @@ msgstr "" "dziedzictwa." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -492,7 +521,7 @@ msgstr "" "odbiorcami na całym świecie." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -521,7 +550,7 @@ msgstr "" "wyjątkową”.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -541,7 +570,7 @@ msgstr "" "także — dwa tuziny dawek „czystej inspiracji”." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -561,7 +590,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -578,29 +607,29 @@ msgstr "" "people).</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" "To jest właśnie prawdziwa wartość rzeczy, które są Zrobione na licencji " "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Wprowadzenie" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." @@ -609,7 +638,7 @@ msgstr "" "innymi może być dobre dla biznesu." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -633,7 +662,7 @@ msgstr "" "ludziom zaprojektować i przeanalizować ich własny model biznesu." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -643,7 +672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." @@ -653,7 +682,7 @@ msgstr "" "słyszeliśmy." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -663,7 +692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -673,7 +702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -684,7 +713,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -696,14 +725,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -714,7 +743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -726,7 +755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -735,7 +764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -743,7 +772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -751,7 +780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -761,33 +790,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -799,7 +828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -812,19 +841,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -839,17 +868,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -858,12 +887,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -876,7 +905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -884,7 +913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -897,7 +926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -908,7 +937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -917,28 +946,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -950,12 +979,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -964,7 +993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -976,7 +1005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -987,23 +1016,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -1012,7 +1041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -1024,7 +1053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -1036,7 +1065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -1046,7 +1075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -1058,7 +1087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -1070,12 +1099,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -1083,7 +1112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -1094,7 +1123,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -1105,14 +1134,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -1129,23 +1158,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1153,7 +1182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1163,7 +1192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1171,12 +1200,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1187,12 +1216,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1201,7 +1230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1210,7 +1239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1221,7 +1250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1232,7 +1261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1243,7 +1272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1252,12 +1281,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1268,7 +1297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1278,7 +1307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1286,7 +1315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1299,23 +1328,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1323,7 +1352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1336,7 +1365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1352,25 +1381,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1382,7 +1411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1390,7 +1419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1410,7 +1439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1423,14 +1452,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1444,7 +1473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1453,23 +1482,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1477,12 +1506,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1490,12 +1519,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1503,28 +1532,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1541,7 +1570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1550,7 +1579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1563,7 +1592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1578,7 +1607,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1586,7 +1615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1596,12 +1625,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "Narodziny Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1612,7 +1641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1620,7 +1649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1637,7 +1666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1647,14 +1676,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1666,7 +1695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1680,7 +1709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1690,7 +1719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1698,7 +1727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1712,22 +1741,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1743,7 +1772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1751,7 +1780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1761,7 +1790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1772,7 +1801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1780,7 +1809,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1793,14 +1822,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1820,7 +1849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1828,7 +1857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1842,7 +1871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1857,7 +1886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1865,7 +1894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1877,7 +1906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1886,7 +1915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1894,14 +1923,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1916,7 +1945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1924,7 +1953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1935,14 +1964,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1953,7 +1982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1968,7 +1997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1982,7 +2011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1992,7 +2021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -2007,12 +2036,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -2021,7 +2050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -2031,7 +2060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -2045,7 +2074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -2059,7 +2088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -2067,7 +2096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -2083,7 +2112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -2097,7 +2126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -2112,7 +2141,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -2128,7 +2157,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -2137,12 +2166,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -2155,7 +2184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2165,7 +2194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2177,7 +2206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2187,7 +2216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2196,7 +2225,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2211,7 +2240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2222,7 +2251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2233,17 +2262,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Jak może być zrobione na licencji Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2260,7 +2289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2272,7 +2301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2280,7 +2309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2291,7 +2320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2299,7 +2328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2312,7 +2341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2321,7 +2350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2333,7 +2362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2346,7 +2375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2356,7 +2385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2371,7 +2400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2385,7 +2414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2395,14 +2424,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2417,7 +2446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2429,7 +2458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2441,7 +2470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2449,7 +2478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2462,12 +2491,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2482,7 +2511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2490,7 +2519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2504,12 +2533,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2527,7 +2556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2542,7 +2571,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2552,7 +2581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2560,26 +2589,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2600,26 +2629,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2638,12 +2667,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2660,12 +2689,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2674,7 +2703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2687,12 +2716,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2703,7 +2732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2714,7 +2743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2731,12 +2760,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2748,12 +2777,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2767,19 +2796,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2793,7 +2822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2803,12 +2832,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2824,17 +2853,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2846,12 +2875,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2859,7 +2888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2877,7 +2906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2892,7 +2921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2907,7 +2936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2918,12 +2947,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2934,12 +2963,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2956,7 +2985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2973,12 +3002,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2987,12 +3016,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -3006,29 +3035,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -3045,12 +3074,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -3062,17 +3091,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -3088,12 +3117,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -3102,7 +3131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -3120,12 +3149,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -3137,7 +3166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -3148,24 +3177,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -3177,12 +3206,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3200,12 +3229,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3219,7 +3248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3230,7 +3259,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3239,24 +3268,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3269,17 +3298,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3303,12 +3332,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3319,12 +3348,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3333,12 +3362,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3354,22 +3383,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3385,12 +3414,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3404,17 +3433,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3428,13 +3457,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3445,12 +3474,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3463,12 +3492,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3477,7 +3506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3491,7 +3520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3501,17 +3530,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3521,13 +3550,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3542,12 +3571,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3560,12 +3589,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3583,7 +3612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3594,12 +3623,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3616,7 +3645,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3627,7 +3656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3635,7 +3664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3643,7 +3672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3656,7 +3685,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3671,7 +3700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3680,19 +3709,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3703,14 +3732,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3726,7 +3755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3740,12 +3769,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3758,22 +3787,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3787,17 +3816,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3814,22 +3843,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3847,12 +3876,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3865,12 +3894,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3884,22 +3913,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3913,7 +3942,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3921,17 +3950,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3947,12 +3976,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3965,7 +3994,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3978,12 +4007,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3993,19 +4022,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -4018,17 +4047,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -4045,17 +4074,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -4071,19 +4100,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -4092,14 +4121,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -4115,7 +4144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -4123,7 +4152,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -4139,7 +4168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -4151,28 +4180,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -4188,12 +4217,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4206,17 +4235,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4237,19 +4266,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4265,14 +4294,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4286,12 +4315,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "Licencje Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4306,29 +4335,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4337,12 +4366,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4353,12 +4382,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4366,12 +4395,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4380,12 +4409,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4393,12 +4422,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4407,7 +4436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4415,31 +4444,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4452,7 +4481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4467,7 +4496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4482,7 +4511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4491,7 +4520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4505,12 +4534,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4519,12 +4548,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4536,7 +4565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4546,24 +4575,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4571,38 +4600,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4618,7 +4647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4629,7 +4658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4640,7 +4669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4652,7 +4681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4663,7 +4692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4674,7 +4703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4689,7 +4718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4705,7 +4734,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4716,7 +4745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4726,7 +4755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4740,7 +4769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4753,12 +4782,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4772,7 +4801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4787,7 +4816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4801,7 +4830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4813,7 +4842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4824,12 +4853,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4846,7 +4875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4856,7 +4885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4867,7 +4896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4875,12 +4904,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4888,45 +4917,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4935,12 +4964,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4953,7 +4982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4968,7 +4997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4981,7 +5010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4992,7 +5021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -5002,7 +5031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -5012,7 +5041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -5029,7 +5058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -5039,7 +5068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -5052,7 +5081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -5064,7 +5093,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -5074,7 +5103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -5082,7 +5111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -5097,7 +5126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -5108,7 +5137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -5118,7 +5147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -5128,43 +5157,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -5177,7 +5206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -5189,7 +5218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5198,7 +5227,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5211,7 +5240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5225,7 +5254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5236,7 +5265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5248,7 +5277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5260,7 +5289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5270,7 +5299,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5285,7 +5314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5297,7 +5326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5308,7 +5337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5325,7 +5354,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5334,7 +5363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5345,7 +5374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5354,7 +5383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5366,46 +5395,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5414,7 +5443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5426,7 +5455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5436,7 +5465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5445,7 +5474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5455,7 +5484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5463,7 +5492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5478,7 +5507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5486,7 +5515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5495,7 +5524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5511,7 +5540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5519,7 +5548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5528,7 +5557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5539,7 +5568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5554,7 +5583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5564,7 +5593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5573,7 +5602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5588,7 +5617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5601,7 +5630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5614,7 +5643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5624,7 +5653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5635,7 +5664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5645,7 +5674,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5654,12 +5683,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5667,12 +5696,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5680,13 +5709,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5697,7 +5726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5707,7 +5736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5728,7 +5757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5743,7 +5772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5757,7 +5786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5769,12 +5798,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5791,7 +5820,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5805,7 +5834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5815,7 +5844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5826,7 +5855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5838,7 +5867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5849,7 +5878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5859,7 +5888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5871,7 +5900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5881,7 +5910,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5889,7 +5918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5899,38 +5928,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5941,7 +5970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5949,7 +5978,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5961,7 +5990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5969,7 +5998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5987,7 +6016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -6003,7 +6032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -6015,7 +6044,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -6027,7 +6056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -6042,7 +6071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -6052,7 +6081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -6062,7 +6091,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -6079,7 +6108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -6095,7 +6124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -6111,7 +6140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -6124,7 +6153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -6137,7 +6166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -6150,7 +6179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -6163,7 +6192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -6173,17 +6202,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6191,29 +6220,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6226,7 +6255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6234,7 +6263,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6245,7 +6274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6254,7 +6283,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6262,7 +6291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6273,7 +6302,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6283,7 +6312,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6292,7 +6321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6302,7 +6331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6311,7 +6340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6324,7 +6353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6336,7 +6365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6352,7 +6381,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6364,7 +6393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6376,7 +6405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6390,7 +6419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6402,7 +6431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6413,21 +6442,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6441,7 +6470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6454,12 +6483,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6473,7 +6502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6483,7 +6512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6498,12 +6527,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6511,37 +6540,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6562,7 +6591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6575,7 +6604,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6590,7 +6619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6608,14 +6637,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6633,7 +6662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6648,7 +6677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6668,7 +6697,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6677,7 +6706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6694,7 +6723,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6709,12 +6738,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6724,12 +6753,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6738,7 +6767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6747,7 +6776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6761,7 +6790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6773,7 +6802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6788,7 +6817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6799,7 +6828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6807,7 +6836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6815,7 +6844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6828,7 +6857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6837,7 +6866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6849,7 +6878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6859,12 +6888,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6872,30 +6901,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6912,7 +6941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6921,7 +6950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6930,7 +6959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6948,7 +6977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6959,7 +6988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6970,7 +6999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6980,7 +7009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6993,35 +7022,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -7030,7 +7059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -7038,12 +7067,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -7052,7 +7081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -7064,14 +7093,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -7085,7 +7114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -7098,7 +7127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -7114,7 +7143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -7122,7 +7151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -7134,7 +7163,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7142,7 +7171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7150,7 +7179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7162,13 +7191,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7181,7 +7210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7193,7 +7222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7203,7 +7232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7217,14 +7246,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7237,7 +7266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7250,48 +7279,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7315,7 +7344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7327,7 +7356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7338,7 +7367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7348,7 +7377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7363,33 +7392,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7399,7 +7428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7409,7 +7438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7418,7 +7447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7429,7 +7458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7447,7 +7476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7460,7 +7489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7473,7 +7502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7483,7 +7512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7496,7 +7525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7506,7 +7535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7520,7 +7549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7532,7 +7561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7544,7 +7573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7555,7 +7584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7568,7 +7597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7579,7 +7608,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7588,7 +7617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7601,7 +7630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7613,26 +7642,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7640,12 +7669,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7659,7 +7688,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7672,7 +7701,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7681,7 +7710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7693,7 +7722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7710,7 +7739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7721,7 +7750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7732,7 +7761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7743,7 +7772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7755,7 +7784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7765,7 +7794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7777,7 +7806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7791,7 +7820,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7808,7 +7837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7817,7 +7846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7831,7 +7860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7842,7 +7871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7852,7 +7881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7862,7 +7891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7870,12 +7899,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7883,30 +7912,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7914,7 +7943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7925,7 +7954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7935,7 +7964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7945,14 +7974,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7964,7 +7993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7974,7 +8003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7985,7 +8014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7994,7 +8023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -8009,7 +8038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -8022,7 +8051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -8032,7 +8061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -8048,7 +8077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -8063,7 +8092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -8071,7 +8100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -8084,14 +8113,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -8100,7 +8129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -8109,7 +8138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -8124,7 +8153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -8134,7 +8163,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8143,7 +8172,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8154,7 +8183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8163,7 +8192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8175,7 +8204,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8184,7 +8213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8196,7 +8225,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8208,12 +8237,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8221,31 +8250,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8257,7 +8286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8271,7 +8300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8281,38 +8310,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8323,7 +8352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8333,7 +8362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8343,7 +8372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8353,19 +8382,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8380,7 +8409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8395,7 +8424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8406,7 +8435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8416,7 +8445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8427,13 +8456,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8441,7 +8470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8451,7 +8480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8460,7 +8489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8471,7 +8500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8484,14 +8513,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8499,7 +8528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8510,12 +8539,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8526,7 +8555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8535,7 +8564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8544,7 +8573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8563,7 +8592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8571,7 +8600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8580,46 +8609,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8627,32 +8656,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8661,7 +8690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8679,7 +8708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8688,7 +8717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8701,7 +8730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8711,7 +8740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8719,7 +8748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8729,12 +8758,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8743,7 +8772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8752,7 +8781,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8764,12 +8793,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8782,7 +8811,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8790,14 +8819,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8805,14 +8834,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8820,7 +8849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8829,14 +8858,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8845,24 +8874,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8875,34 +8904,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8910,7 +8939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8920,7 +8949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8931,7 +8960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8941,7 +8970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8951,12 +8980,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8968,7 +8997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8978,29 +9007,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -9008,28 +9037,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -9042,7 +9071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -9052,7 +9081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -9060,12 +9089,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -9073,31 +9102,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -9111,7 +9140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -9124,7 +9153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -9138,14 +9167,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9158,7 +9187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9169,7 +9198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9179,7 +9208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9188,12 +9217,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9203,7 +9232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9212,7 +9241,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9225,7 +9254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9237,7 +9266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9249,7 +9278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9262,7 +9291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9272,7 +9301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9284,7 +9313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9299,7 +9328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9310,7 +9339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9324,7 +9353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9343,7 +9372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9355,7 +9384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9367,7 +9396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9379,34 +9408,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9415,7 +9444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9424,7 +9453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9434,7 +9463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9447,22 +9476,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9471,12 +9500,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9484,7 +9513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9493,7 +9522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9502,7 +9531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9513,7 +9542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9529,7 +9558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9542,7 +9571,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9556,7 +9585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9570,7 +9599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9589,7 +9618,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9599,7 +9628,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9611,7 +9640,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9625,7 +9654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9637,7 +9666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9648,7 +9677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9660,7 +9689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9672,7 +9701,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9683,7 +9712,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9695,7 +9724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9710,7 +9739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9722,7 +9751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9734,12 +9763,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9747,30 +9776,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9786,7 +9815,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9800,7 +9829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9814,7 +9843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9828,7 +9857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9842,7 +9871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9854,7 +9883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9862,7 +9891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9880,7 +9909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9891,7 +9920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9899,7 +9928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9910,7 +9939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9919,7 +9948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9930,7 +9959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9940,7 +9969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9964,7 +9993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9972,7 +10001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9981,7 +10010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9995,7 +10024,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -10004,7 +10033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -10022,7 +10051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -10034,17 +10063,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -10060,7 +10089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -10072,7 +10101,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -10084,7 +10113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -10092,24 +10121,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -10117,19 +10146,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10146,7 +10175,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10162,7 +10191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10173,12 +10202,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10194,7 +10223,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10208,7 +10237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10223,7 +10252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10236,7 +10265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10252,7 +10281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10263,7 +10292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10278,12 +10307,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10294,7 +10323,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10307,7 +10336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10316,7 +10345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10329,14 +10358,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10350,7 +10379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10359,14 +10388,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10384,7 +10413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10392,7 +10421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10403,7 +10432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10418,7 +10447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10438,42 +10467,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10486,7 +10515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10500,7 +10529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10511,7 +10540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10524,7 +10553,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10537,7 +10566,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10550,7 +10579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10566,7 +10595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10582,7 +10611,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10594,7 +10623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10603,7 +10632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10615,7 +10644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10629,7 +10658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10641,7 +10670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10651,7 +10680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10669,7 +10698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10678,12 +10707,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10691,29 +10720,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10723,7 +10752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10732,7 +10761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10742,12 +10771,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10759,7 +10788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10769,7 +10798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10778,12 +10807,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10795,7 +10824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10805,7 +10834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10821,12 +10850,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10838,7 +10867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10847,7 +10876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10858,7 +10887,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10869,7 +10898,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10880,7 +10909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10894,7 +10923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10903,7 +10932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10914,7 +10943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10926,7 +10955,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10937,7 +10966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10946,7 +10975,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10957,7 +10986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10970,7 +10999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10981,7 +11010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10991,12 +11020,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -11006,7 +11035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -11018,7 +11047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -11029,7 +11058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -11042,7 +11071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -11054,7 +11083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -11064,7 +11093,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -11077,7 +11106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -11086,7 +11115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -11096,7 +11125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -11112,42 +11141,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11157,7 +11186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11166,7 +11195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11177,7 +11206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11189,7 +11218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11198,7 +11227,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11210,7 +11239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11222,7 +11251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11235,7 +11264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11246,7 +11275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11257,7 +11286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11267,7 +11296,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11276,7 +11305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11289,7 +11318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11301,7 +11330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11317,7 +11346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11329,7 +11358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11339,7 +11368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11353,7 +11382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11366,7 +11395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11378,7 +11407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11393,12 +11422,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11406,29 +11435,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11437,7 +11466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11452,7 +11481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11473,7 +11502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11487,7 +11516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11495,7 +11524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11512,7 +11541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11523,7 +11552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11534,7 +11563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11550,7 +11579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11567,7 +11596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11587,7 +11616,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11602,7 +11631,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11615,7 +11644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11627,7 +11656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11642,7 +11671,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11653,7 +11682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11664,12 +11693,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11677,24 +11706,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11705,7 +11734,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11717,7 +11746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11729,7 +11758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11739,7 +11768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11749,12 +11778,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11767,7 +11796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11788,7 +11817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11803,7 +11832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11813,12 +11842,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11831,7 +11860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11843,7 +11872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11856,7 +11885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11866,7 +11895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11875,7 +11904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11885,7 +11914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11898,7 +11927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11909,7 +11938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11923,7 +11952,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11941,7 +11970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11954,46 +11983,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -12003,7 +12032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -12011,7 +12040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -12027,7 +12056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -12036,7 +12065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -12047,7 +12076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -12061,7 +12090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -12084,7 +12113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -12101,7 +12130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -12115,14 +12144,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12142,7 +12171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12154,7 +12183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12166,7 +12195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12178,7 +12207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12187,7 +12216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12196,7 +12225,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12206,12 +12235,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12219,33 +12248,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12254,7 +12283,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12262,7 +12291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12271,14 +12300,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12290,56 +12319,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12350,7 +12379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12358,21 +12387,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12381,7 +12410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12390,14 +12419,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12405,7 +12434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12414,21 +12443,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12436,91 +12465,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12528,28 +12557,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12557,7 +12586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12565,7 +12594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12574,14 +12603,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12591,7 +12620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12600,7 +12629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12609,7 +12638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12617,7 +12646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12625,74 +12654,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12700,21 +12729,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12724,7 +12753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12732,7 +12761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12740,19 +12769,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12762,7 +12791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12770,7 +12799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12780,7 +12809,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12789,7 +12818,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12838,7 +12867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -13173,6 +13202,18 @@ msgid "" "ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" +#~ msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#~ msgstr "Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" + +#~ msgid "Classifications:" +#~ msgstr "Klasyfikacje:" + +#~ msgid "(UDK) ?" +#~ msgstr "(UDK) ?" + +#~ msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" +#~ msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?" + #~ msgid "Mexico City" #~ msgstr "Mexico City" @@ -13220,6 +13261,3 @@ msgstr "" #~ msgid "*Ryan Merkley*\n" #~ msgstr "*Ryan Merkley*\n" - -#~ msgid "Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" -#~ msgstr "Paul Stacey i Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" diff --git a/po/sv/mwcc.po b/po/sv/mwcc.po index e9f5032..abaf71c 100644 --- a/po/sv/mwcc.po +++ b/po/sv/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2019-11-19 19:04+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Mattias Münster <mattiasmun@gmail.com>\n" "Language-Team: Swedish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -23,9 +23,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "sv" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Gjord med Creative Commons" @@ -64,9 +63,8 @@ msgstr "<publishername>Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas</publishername>" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -78,100 +76,97 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 -msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 +msgid "" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid "" "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 -msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " @@ -181,17 +176,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -203,7 +198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " @@ -213,7 +208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -223,7 +218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -234,7 +229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -244,7 +239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -255,7 +250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -267,7 +262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -280,7 +275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -293,7 +288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -303,7 +298,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -314,7 +309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -326,7 +321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -334,7 +329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -345,7 +340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -361,7 +356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -373,7 +368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -385,7 +380,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -395,34 +390,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -436,7 +431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -446,14 +441,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -463,7 +458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -473,7 +468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -484,7 +479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -496,14 +491,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -514,7 +509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -526,7 +521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -535,7 +530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -543,7 +538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -551,7 +546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -561,33 +556,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -599,7 +594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -612,19 +607,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -639,17 +634,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -658,12 +653,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -676,7 +671,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -684,7 +679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -697,7 +692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -708,7 +703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -717,28 +712,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -750,12 +745,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -764,7 +759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -776,7 +771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -787,23 +782,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -812,7 +807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -824,7 +819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -836,7 +831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -846,7 +841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -858,7 +853,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -870,12 +865,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -883,7 +878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -894,7 +889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -905,14 +900,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -929,23 +924,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -953,7 +948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -963,7 +958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -971,12 +966,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -987,12 +982,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1001,7 +996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1010,7 +1005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1021,7 +1016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1032,7 +1027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1043,7 +1038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1052,12 +1047,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1068,7 +1063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1078,7 +1073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1086,7 +1081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1099,23 +1094,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1123,7 +1118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1136,7 +1131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1152,25 +1147,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1182,7 +1177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1190,7 +1185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1210,7 +1205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1223,14 +1218,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1244,7 +1239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1253,23 +1248,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1277,12 +1272,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1290,12 +1285,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1303,28 +1298,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1341,7 +1336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1350,7 +1345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1363,7 +1358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1378,7 +1373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1386,7 +1381,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1396,12 +1391,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1412,7 +1407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1420,7 +1415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1437,7 +1432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1447,14 +1442,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1466,7 +1461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1480,7 +1475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1490,7 +1485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1498,7 +1493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1512,22 +1507,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1543,7 +1538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1551,7 +1546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1561,7 +1556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1572,7 +1567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1580,7 +1575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1593,14 +1588,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1620,7 +1615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1628,7 +1623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1642,7 +1637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1657,7 +1652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1665,7 +1660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1677,7 +1672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1686,7 +1681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1694,14 +1689,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1716,7 +1711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1724,7 +1719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1735,14 +1730,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1753,7 +1748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1768,7 +1763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1782,7 +1777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1792,7 +1787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1807,12 +1802,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1821,7 +1816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1831,7 +1826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1845,7 +1840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1859,7 +1854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1867,7 +1862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1883,7 +1878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1897,7 +1892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1912,7 +1907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1928,7 +1923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1937,12 +1932,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -1955,7 +1950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -1965,7 +1960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -1977,7 +1972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -1987,7 +1982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -1996,7 +1991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2011,7 +2006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2022,7 +2017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2033,17 +2028,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2060,7 +2055,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2072,7 +2067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2080,7 +2075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2091,7 +2086,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2099,7 +2094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2112,7 +2107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2121,7 +2116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2133,7 +2128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2146,7 +2141,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2156,7 +2151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2171,7 +2166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2185,7 +2180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2195,14 +2190,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2217,7 +2212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2229,7 +2224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2241,7 +2236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2249,7 +2244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2262,12 +2257,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2282,7 +2277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2290,7 +2285,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2304,12 +2299,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2327,7 +2322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2342,7 +2337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2352,7 +2347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2360,26 +2355,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2400,26 +2395,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2438,12 +2433,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2460,12 +2455,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2474,7 +2469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2487,12 +2482,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2503,7 +2498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2514,7 +2509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2531,12 +2526,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2548,12 +2543,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2567,19 +2562,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2593,7 +2588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2603,12 +2598,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2624,17 +2619,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2646,12 +2641,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2659,7 +2654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2677,7 +2672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2692,7 +2687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2707,7 +2702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2718,12 +2713,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2734,12 +2729,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2756,7 +2751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2773,12 +2768,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2787,12 +2782,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2806,29 +2801,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2845,12 +2840,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2862,17 +2857,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2888,12 +2883,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -2902,7 +2897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -2920,12 +2915,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2937,7 +2932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2948,24 +2943,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -2977,12 +2972,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3000,12 +2995,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3019,7 +3014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3030,7 +3025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3039,24 +3034,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3069,17 +3064,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3103,12 +3098,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3119,12 +3114,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3133,12 +3128,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3154,22 +3149,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3185,12 +3180,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3204,17 +3199,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3228,13 +3223,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3245,12 +3240,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3263,12 +3258,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3277,7 +3272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3291,7 +3286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3301,17 +3296,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3321,13 +3316,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3342,12 +3337,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3360,12 +3355,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3383,7 +3378,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3394,12 +3389,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3416,7 +3411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3427,7 +3422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3435,7 +3430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3443,7 +3438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3456,7 +3451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3471,7 +3466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3480,19 +3475,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3503,14 +3498,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3526,7 +3521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3540,12 +3535,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3558,22 +3553,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3587,17 +3582,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3614,22 +3609,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3647,12 +3642,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3665,12 +3660,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3684,22 +3679,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3713,7 +3708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3721,17 +3716,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3747,12 +3742,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3765,7 +3760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3778,12 +3773,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3793,19 +3788,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3818,17 +3813,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3845,17 +3840,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3871,19 +3866,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3892,14 +3887,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3915,7 +3910,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -3923,7 +3918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3939,7 +3934,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3951,28 +3946,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -3988,12 +3983,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4006,17 +4001,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4037,19 +4032,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4065,14 +4060,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4086,12 +4081,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4106,29 +4101,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4137,12 +4132,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4153,12 +4148,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4166,12 +4161,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4180,12 +4175,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4193,12 +4188,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4207,7 +4202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4215,31 +4210,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4252,7 +4247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4267,7 +4262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4282,7 +4277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4291,7 +4286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4305,12 +4300,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4319,12 +4314,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4336,7 +4331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4346,24 +4341,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4371,38 +4366,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4418,7 +4413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4429,7 +4424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4440,7 +4435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4452,7 +4447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4463,7 +4458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4474,7 +4469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4489,7 +4484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4505,7 +4500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4516,7 +4511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4526,7 +4521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4540,7 +4535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4553,12 +4548,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4572,7 +4567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4587,7 +4582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4601,7 +4596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4613,7 +4608,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4624,12 +4619,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4646,7 +4641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4656,7 +4651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4667,7 +4662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4675,12 +4670,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4688,45 +4683,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4735,12 +4730,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4753,7 +4748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4768,7 +4763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4781,7 +4776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4792,7 +4787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4802,7 +4797,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4812,7 +4807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4829,7 +4824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4839,7 +4834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4852,7 +4847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4864,7 +4859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4874,7 +4869,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4882,7 +4877,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -4897,7 +4892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4908,7 +4903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -4918,7 +4913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4928,43 +4923,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -4977,7 +4972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -4989,7 +4984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -4998,7 +4993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5011,7 +5006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5025,7 +5020,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5036,7 +5031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5048,7 +5043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5060,7 +5055,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5070,7 +5065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5085,7 +5080,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5097,7 +5092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5108,7 +5103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5125,7 +5120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5134,7 +5129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5145,7 +5140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5154,7 +5149,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5166,46 +5161,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5214,7 +5209,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5226,7 +5221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5236,7 +5231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5245,7 +5240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5255,7 +5250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5263,7 +5258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5278,7 +5273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5286,7 +5281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5295,7 +5290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5311,7 +5306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5319,7 +5314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5328,7 +5323,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5339,7 +5334,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5354,7 +5349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5364,7 +5359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5373,7 +5368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5388,7 +5383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5401,7 +5396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5414,7 +5409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5424,7 +5419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5435,7 +5430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5445,7 +5440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5454,12 +5449,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5467,12 +5462,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5480,13 +5475,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5497,7 +5492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5507,7 +5502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5528,7 +5523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5543,7 +5538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5557,7 +5552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5569,12 +5564,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5591,7 +5586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5605,7 +5600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5615,7 +5610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5626,7 +5621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5638,7 +5633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5649,7 +5644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5659,7 +5654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5671,7 +5666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5681,7 +5676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5689,7 +5684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5699,38 +5694,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5741,7 +5736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5749,7 +5744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5761,7 +5756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5769,7 +5764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5787,7 +5782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5803,7 +5798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5815,7 +5810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5827,7 +5822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5842,7 +5837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5852,7 +5847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5862,7 +5857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5879,7 +5874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5895,7 +5890,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5911,7 +5906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -5924,7 +5919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5937,7 +5932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5950,7 +5945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -5963,7 +5958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -5973,17 +5968,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -5991,29 +5986,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6026,7 +6021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6034,7 +6029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6045,7 +6040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6054,7 +6049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6062,7 +6057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6073,7 +6068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6083,7 +6078,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6092,7 +6087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6102,7 +6097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6111,7 +6106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6124,7 +6119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6136,7 +6131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6152,7 +6147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6164,7 +6159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6176,7 +6171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6190,7 +6185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6202,7 +6197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6213,21 +6208,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6241,7 +6236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6254,12 +6249,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6273,7 +6268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6283,7 +6278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6298,12 +6293,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6311,37 +6306,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6362,7 +6357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6375,7 +6370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6390,7 +6385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6408,14 +6403,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6433,7 +6428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6448,7 +6443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6468,7 +6463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6477,7 +6472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6494,7 +6489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6509,12 +6504,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6524,12 +6519,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6538,7 +6533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6547,7 +6542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6561,7 +6556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6573,7 +6568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6588,7 +6583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6599,7 +6594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6607,7 +6602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6615,7 +6610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6628,7 +6623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6637,7 +6632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6649,7 +6644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6659,12 +6654,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6672,30 +6667,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6712,7 +6707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6721,7 +6716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6730,7 +6725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6748,7 +6743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6759,7 +6754,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6770,7 +6765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6780,7 +6775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6793,35 +6788,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6830,7 +6825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6838,12 +6833,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6852,7 +6847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6864,14 +6859,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6885,7 +6880,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6898,7 +6893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6914,7 +6909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6922,7 +6917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6934,7 +6929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6942,7 +6937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6950,7 +6945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -6962,13 +6957,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6981,7 +6976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -6993,7 +6988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7003,7 +6998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7017,14 +7012,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7037,7 +7032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7050,48 +7045,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7115,7 +7110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7127,7 +7122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7138,7 +7133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7148,7 +7143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7163,33 +7158,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7199,7 +7194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7209,7 +7204,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7218,7 +7213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7229,7 +7224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7247,7 +7242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7260,7 +7255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7273,7 +7268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7283,7 +7278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7296,7 +7291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7306,7 +7301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7320,7 +7315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7332,7 +7327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7344,7 +7339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7355,7 +7350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7368,7 +7363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7379,7 +7374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7388,7 +7383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7401,7 +7396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7413,26 +7408,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7440,12 +7435,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7459,7 +7454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7472,7 +7467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7481,7 +7476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7493,7 +7488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7510,7 +7505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7521,7 +7516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7532,7 +7527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7543,7 +7538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7555,7 +7550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7565,7 +7560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7577,7 +7572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7591,7 +7586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7608,7 +7603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7617,7 +7612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7631,7 +7626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7642,7 +7637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7652,7 +7647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7662,7 +7657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7670,12 +7665,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7683,30 +7678,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7714,7 +7709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7725,7 +7720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7735,7 +7730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7745,14 +7740,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7764,7 +7759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7774,7 +7769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7785,7 +7780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7794,7 +7789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7809,7 +7804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7822,7 +7817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7832,7 +7827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7848,7 +7843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7863,7 +7858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7871,7 +7866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7884,14 +7879,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7900,7 +7895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7909,7 +7904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7924,7 +7919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7934,7 +7929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -7943,7 +7938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7954,7 +7949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -7963,7 +7958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -7975,7 +7970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7984,7 +7979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -7996,7 +7991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8008,12 +8003,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8021,31 +8016,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8057,7 +8052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8071,7 +8066,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8081,38 +8076,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8123,7 +8118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8133,7 +8128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8143,7 +8138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8153,19 +8148,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8180,7 +8175,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8195,7 +8190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8206,7 +8201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8216,7 +8211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8227,13 +8222,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8241,7 +8236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8251,7 +8246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8260,7 +8255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8271,7 +8266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8284,14 +8279,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8299,7 +8294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8310,12 +8305,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8326,7 +8321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8335,7 +8330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8344,7 +8339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8363,7 +8358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8371,7 +8366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8380,46 +8375,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8427,32 +8422,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8461,7 +8456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8479,7 +8474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8488,7 +8483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8501,7 +8496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8511,7 +8506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8519,7 +8514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8529,12 +8524,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8543,7 +8538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8552,7 +8547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8564,12 +8559,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8582,7 +8577,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8590,14 +8585,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8605,14 +8600,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8620,7 +8615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8629,14 +8624,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8645,24 +8640,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8675,34 +8670,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8710,7 +8705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8720,7 +8715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8731,7 +8726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8741,7 +8736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8751,12 +8746,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8768,7 +8763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8778,29 +8773,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8808,28 +8803,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8842,7 +8837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8852,7 +8847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8860,12 +8855,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8873,31 +8868,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8911,7 +8906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8924,7 +8919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8938,14 +8933,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -8958,7 +8953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8969,7 +8964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8979,7 +8974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8988,12 +8983,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9003,7 +8998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9012,7 +9007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9025,7 +9020,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9037,7 +9032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9049,7 +9044,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9062,7 +9057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9072,7 +9067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9084,7 +9079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9099,7 +9094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9110,7 +9105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9124,7 +9119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9143,7 +9138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9155,7 +9150,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9167,7 +9162,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9179,34 +9174,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9215,7 +9210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9224,7 +9219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9234,7 +9229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9247,22 +9242,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9271,12 +9266,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9284,7 +9279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9293,7 +9288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9302,7 +9297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9313,7 +9308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9329,7 +9324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9342,7 +9337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9356,7 +9351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9370,7 +9365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9389,7 +9384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9399,7 +9394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9411,7 +9406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9425,7 +9420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9437,7 +9432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9448,7 +9443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9460,7 +9455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9472,7 +9467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9483,7 +9478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9495,7 +9490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9510,7 +9505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9522,7 +9517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9534,12 +9529,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9547,30 +9542,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9586,7 +9581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9600,7 +9595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9614,7 +9609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9628,7 +9623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9642,7 +9637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9654,7 +9649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9662,7 +9657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9680,7 +9675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9691,7 +9686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9699,7 +9694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9710,7 +9705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9719,7 +9714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9730,7 +9725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9740,7 +9735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9764,7 +9759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9772,7 +9767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9781,7 +9776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9795,7 +9790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9804,7 +9799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9822,7 +9817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9834,17 +9829,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9860,7 +9855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9872,7 +9867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9884,7 +9879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9892,24 +9887,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9917,19 +9912,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9946,7 +9941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9962,7 +9957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9973,12 +9968,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -9994,7 +9989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10008,7 +10003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10023,7 +10018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10036,7 +10031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10052,7 +10047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10063,7 +10058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10078,12 +10073,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10094,7 +10089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10107,7 +10102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10116,7 +10111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10129,14 +10124,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10150,7 +10145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10159,14 +10154,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10184,7 +10179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10192,7 +10187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10203,7 +10198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10218,7 +10213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10238,42 +10233,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10286,7 +10281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10300,7 +10295,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10311,7 +10306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10324,7 +10319,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10337,7 +10332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10350,7 +10345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10366,7 +10361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10382,7 +10377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10394,7 +10389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10403,7 +10398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10415,7 +10410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10429,7 +10424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10441,7 +10436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10451,7 +10446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10469,7 +10464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10478,12 +10473,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10491,29 +10486,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10523,7 +10518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10532,7 +10527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10542,12 +10537,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10559,7 +10554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10569,7 +10564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10578,12 +10573,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10595,7 +10590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10605,7 +10600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10621,12 +10616,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10638,7 +10633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10647,7 +10642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10658,7 +10653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10669,7 +10664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10680,7 +10675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10694,7 +10689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10703,7 +10698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10714,7 +10709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10726,7 +10721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10737,7 +10732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10746,7 +10741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10757,7 +10752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10770,7 +10765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10781,7 +10776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10791,12 +10786,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10806,7 +10801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10818,7 +10813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10829,7 +10824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10842,7 +10837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10854,7 +10849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10864,7 +10859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10877,7 +10872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10886,7 +10881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10896,7 +10891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10912,42 +10907,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10957,7 +10952,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -10966,7 +10961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10977,7 +10972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -10989,7 +10984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -10998,7 +10993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11010,7 +11005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11022,7 +11017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11035,7 +11030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11046,7 +11041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11057,7 +11052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11067,7 +11062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11076,7 +11071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11089,7 +11084,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11101,7 +11096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11117,7 +11112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11129,7 +11124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11139,7 +11134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11153,7 +11148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11166,7 +11161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11178,7 +11173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11193,12 +11188,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11206,29 +11201,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11237,7 +11232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11252,7 +11247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11273,7 +11268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11287,7 +11282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11295,7 +11290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11312,7 +11307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11323,7 +11318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11334,7 +11329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11350,7 +11345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11367,7 +11362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11387,7 +11382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11402,7 +11397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11415,7 +11410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11427,7 +11422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11442,7 +11437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11453,7 +11448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11464,12 +11459,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11477,24 +11472,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11505,7 +11500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11517,7 +11512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11529,7 +11524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11539,7 +11534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11549,12 +11544,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11567,7 +11562,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11588,7 +11583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11603,7 +11598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11613,12 +11608,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11631,7 +11626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11643,7 +11638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11656,7 +11651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11666,7 +11661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11675,7 +11670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11685,7 +11680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11698,7 +11693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11709,7 +11704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11723,7 +11718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11741,7 +11736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11754,46 +11749,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11803,7 +11798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11811,7 +11806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11827,7 +11822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11836,7 +11831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11847,7 +11842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11861,7 +11856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11884,7 +11879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11901,7 +11896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11915,14 +11910,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11942,7 +11937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11954,7 +11949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -11966,7 +11961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11978,7 +11973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11987,7 +11982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -11996,7 +11991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12006,12 +12001,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12019,33 +12014,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12054,7 +12049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12062,7 +12057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12071,14 +12066,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12090,56 +12085,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12150,7 +12145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12158,21 +12153,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12181,7 +12176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12190,14 +12185,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12205,7 +12200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12214,21 +12209,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12236,91 +12231,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12328,28 +12323,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12357,7 +12352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12365,7 +12360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12374,14 +12369,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12391,7 +12386,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12400,7 +12395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12409,7 +12404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12417,7 +12412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12425,74 +12420,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12500,21 +12495,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12524,7 +12519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12532,7 +12527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12540,19 +12535,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12562,7 +12557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12570,7 +12565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12580,7 +12575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12589,7 +12584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12638,7 +12633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " diff --git a/po/th/mwcc.po b/po/th/mwcc.po index 767af8d..4d0e76e 100644 --- a/po/th/mwcc.po +++ b/po/th/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-10-13 19:26+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Thanachart Monpassorn <nunf_2539@hotmail.com>\n" "Language-Team: Thai <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "th" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "สร้างโดยครีเอทีฟคอมมอนส์" @@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -76,143 +76,139 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" -"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC " -"BY-SA), version 4.0." +"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" +"SA), version 4.0." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 -msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +msgid "" +"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 +msgid "" +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" +"gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " +"url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 msgid "" -"This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink " -"url=\"https://gitlab.com/gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations " -"are maintained on <ulink " -"url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " "this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also reasonably " "average pay far closer attention and think at far more length about all " -"sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our daily " -"lives." +"sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our daily lives." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " "CC’s most well-known proponents—one who has also had a successful career as " "a writer who shares his work using CC—I told him I thought CC had a role in " "defining and advancing open business models. He kindly disagreed, and called " -"the pursuit of viable business models through CC <quote>a red " -"herring.</quote>" +"the pursuit of viable business models through CC <quote>a red herring.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " "<quote>Regardless of legal status, they all have a social mission. Their " -"primary reason for being is to make the world a better place, not to " -"profit. Money is a means to a social end, not the end itself.</quote>" +"primary reason for being is to make the world a better place, not to profit. " +"Money is a means to a social end, not the end itself.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -222,7 +218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -233,7 +229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -243,7 +239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -254,7 +250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -266,7 +262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -274,13 +270,12 @@ msgid "" "so much into a political campaign that didn’t end as she’d hoped. Today, " "she’s more determined than ever to live with her values right out on her " "sleeve. I can always count on Sarah to push Creative Commons to focus on our " -"impact—to make the main thing the main thing. She’s practical, " -"detail-oriented, and clever. There’s no one on my team that I enjoy debating " -"more." +"impact—to make the main thing the main thing. She’s practical, detail-" +"oriented, and clever. There’s no one on my team that I enjoy debating more." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -293,17 +288,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " -"researched, and written in the open. It is being shared openly under a CC " -"BY-SA license for anyone to use, remix, or adapt with attribution. It is, in " +"researched, and written in the open. It is being shared openly under a CC BY-" +"SA license for anyone to use, remix, or adapt with attribution. It is, in " "itself, an example of an open business model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -314,7 +309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -326,7 +321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -334,7 +329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -345,7 +340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -361,7 +356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -373,11 +368,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" -"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of " -"Cyberspace</quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a " -"place. People live there. They experience all the sorts of things that they " +"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" +"quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " +"People live there. They experience all the sorts of things that they " "experience in real space, there. For some, they experience more. They " "experience this not as isolated individuals, playing some high tech computer " "game; they experience it in groups, in communities, among strangers, among " @@ -385,7 +380,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -395,34 +390,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -436,25 +431,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " -"organizations, and businesses who use Creative Commons in an integral " -"way—what we call being Made with Creative Commons. We interviewed them and " -"wrote up their stories. We analyzed what we heard and dug deep into the " -"literature." +"organizations, and businesses who use Creative Commons in an integral way—" +"what we call being Made with Creative Commons. We interviewed them and wrote " +"up their stories. We analyzed what we heard and dug deep into the literature." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -464,17 +458,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " -"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something " -"different. Something that generates not just economic value but social and " -"cultural value. Something that involves human connection. Being Made with " -"Creative Commons is not <quote>business as usual.</quote>" +"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " +"Something that generates not just economic value but social and cultural " +"value. Something that involves human connection. Being Made with Creative " +"Commons is not <quote>business as usual.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -485,7 +479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -497,26 +491,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " -"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main " -"parts." +"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" -"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by " -"Paul. He provides some historical context for the digital commons, " -"describing the three ways society has managed resources and shared " -"wealth—the commons, the market, and the state. He advocates for thinking " -"beyond business and market terms and eloquently makes the case for sharing " -"and enlarging the digital commons." +"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " +"He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " +"three ways society has managed resources and shared wealth—the commons, the " +"market, and the state. He advocates for thinking beyond business and market " +"terms and eloquently makes the case for sharing and enlarging the digital " +"commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -524,12 +517,11 @@ msgid "" "of human connections that make sharing truly meaningful. This section " "outlines the ways the creators, organizations, and businesses we interviewed " "bring in revenue, how they further the public interest and live out their " -"values, and how they foster connections with the people with whom they " -"share." +"values, and how they foster connections with the people with whom they share." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -538,7 +530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -546,7 +538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -554,7 +546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -564,44 +556,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 -msgid "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 +msgid "" +"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " "commons. So are language and knowledge, sidewalks and public squares, the " "stories of childhood and the processes of democracy. Some parts of the " "commons are gifts of nature, others the product of human endeavor. Some are " -"new, such as the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and " -"calligraphy.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"new, such as the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and calligraphy.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -614,24 +607,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " -"common—to put the resource into the commons—is a verb.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The creators, organizations, and businesses we " +"common—to put the resource into the commons—is a verb.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The creators, organizations, and businesses we " "profile are all engaged with commoning. Their use of Creative Commons " "involves them in the social practice of commoning, managing resources in a " "collective manner with a community of users.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -641,44 +634,44 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " -"government), and the market—with the last two being the dominant forms " -"today.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"government), and the market—with the last two being the dominant forms today." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " "state. The extent of engagement with market or state varies. Some operate " -"primarily as a commons with minimal or no reliance on the market or " -"state.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Others are very much a part " -"of the market or state, depending on them for financial sustainability. All " -"operate as hybrids, blending the norms of the commons with those of the " -"market or state." +"primarily as a commons with minimal or no reliance on the market or state." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Others are very much a part of the " +"market or state, depending on them for financial sustainability. All operate " +"as hybrids, blending the norms of the commons with those of the market or " +"state." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -686,7 +679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -699,7 +692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -710,7 +703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -719,22 +712,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -746,12 +745,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -760,54 +759,55 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Her framework considered things like the " "biophysical characteristics of common resources, the community’s actors and " -"the interactions that take place between them, rules-in-use, and " -"outcomes. That framework has been simplified and generalized to apply to the " -"commons, the market, and the state for this chapter." +"the interactions that take place between them, rules-in-use, and outcomes. " +"That framework has been simplified and generalized to apply to the commons, " +"the market, and the state for this chapter." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " "characteristics, the people involved and the process they use, the norms and " "rules they develop to govern use, and finally actual resource use along with " -"outcomes of that use (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " -"linkend=\"fig-2\"/>)." +"outcomes of that use (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=" +"\"fig-2\"/>)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " -"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human " -"produced. And—significantly for today’s commons—resources can be physical or " -"digital, which affects a resource’s inherent potential." +"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" +"significantly for today’s commons—resources can be physical or digital, " +"which affects a resource’s inherent potential." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -831,18 +831,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " "different from how physical resources are managed. However, this is not " -"always the case. Digital resources are frequently made artificially " -"scarce. Placing digital resources in the commons makes them free and " -"abundant." +"always the case. Digital resources are frequently made artificially scarce. " +"Placing digital resources in the commons makes them free and abundant." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -854,7 +853,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -866,12 +865,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -879,7 +878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -890,7 +889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -901,14 +900,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -925,22 +924,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -948,7 +948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -966,28 +966,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " "defined by the community. They weigh individual costs and benefits against " "the costs and benefits to the whole community. Consideration is given not " -"just to economic efficiency but also to equity and " -"sustainability.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"just to economic efficiency but also to equity and sustainability." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -996,16 +996,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " -"Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl " -"H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." +"Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl H. " +"Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1027,7 +1027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1047,12 +1047,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1063,17 +1063,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " -"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the " -"commons. The commons is making a resurgence. To understand the resilience of " -"the commons and its current renewal, it’s helpful to know something of its " +"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " +"The commons is making a resurgence. To understand the resilience of the " +"commons and its current renewal, it’s helpful to know something of its " "history." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1081,7 +1081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1089,28 +1089,28 @@ msgid "" "id=\"0\"/> There was no market, no global economy. The state in the form of " "rulers influenced the commons but by no means controlled it. Direct social " "participation in a commons was the primary way in which resources were " -"managed and needs met. (Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " -"linkend=\"fig-4\"/> illustrates the commons in relation to the state and the " -"market.)" +"managed and needs met. (Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=" +"\"fig-4\"/> illustrates the commons in relation to the state and the market.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1118,65 +1118,66 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " "commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In olden days, " "<quote>commoners</quote> were evicted from the land, fences and hedges " -"erected, laws passed, and security set up to forbid access.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Gradually, resources became the property of the " +"erected, laws passed, and security set up to forbid access.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Gradually, resources became the property of the " "state and the state became the primary means by which resources were " "managed. (See Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-5\"/>)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " -"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to " -"cities. With the emergence of the industrial revolution, land and resources " -"became commodities sold to businesses to support production. Monarchies " -"evolved into elected parliaments. Commoners became labourers earning money " -"operating the machinery of industry. Financial, business, and property laws " -"were revised by governments to support markets, growth, and " -"productivity. Over time ready access to market produced goods resulted in a " -"rising standard of living, improved health, and education. Fig. <xref " -"xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-6\"/> shows how today the market is " -"the primary means by which resources are managed." +"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " +"With the emergence of the industrial revolution, land and resources became " +"commodities sold to businesses to support production. Monarchies evolved " +"into elected parliaments. Commoners became labourers earning money operating " +"the machinery of industry. Financial, business, and property laws were " +"revised by governments to support markets, growth, and productivity. Over " +"time ready access to market produced goods resulted in a rising standard of " +"living, improved health, and education. Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " +"linkend=\"fig-6\"/> shows how today the market is the primary means by which " +"resources are managed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " -"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in " -"1968. Hardin argues that everyone in a commons seeks to maximize personal " -"gain and will continue to do so even when the limits of the commons are " -"reached. The commons is then tragically depleted to the point where it can " -"no longer support anyone. Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an " -"economic truism and a justification for private property and free markets." +"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " +"Hardin argues that everyone in a commons seeks to maximize personal gain and " +"will continue to do so even when the limits of the commons are reached. The " +"commons is then tragically depleted to the point where it can no longer " +"support anyone. Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an economic truism " +"and a justification for private property and free markets." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1184,7 +1185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1204,11 +1205,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " -"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure " -"self-interest, without interaction or consideration of others. But as Ostrom " +"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" +"interest, without interaction or consideration of others. But as Ostrom " "found, in reality, managing common resources together forms a community and " "encourages discourse. This naturally generates norms and rules that help " "people work collectively and ensure a sustainable commons. Paradoxically, " @@ -1217,28 +1218,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " "known about how abundance works.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " "The emergence of information technology and the Internet has led to an " -"explosion in digital resources and new means of sharing and " -"distribution. Digital resources can never be depleted. An absence of a " -"theory or model for how abundance works, however, has led the market to make " -"digital resources artificially scarce and makes it possible for the usual " -"market norms and rules to be applied." +"explosion in digital resources and new means of sharing and distribution. " +"Digital resources can never be depleted. An absence of a theory or model for " +"how abundance works, however, has led the market to make digital resources " +"artificially scarce and makes it possible for the usual market norms and " +"rules to be applied." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1247,22 +1248,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1270,12 +1272,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1283,12 +1285,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1296,28 +1298,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" -"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to " -"others.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1334,16 +1336,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " -"rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." +"rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink url=\"http://www." +"catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1356,7 +1358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1364,14 +1366,14 @@ msgid "" "participation in producing creative works and distributing them. Photos, " "books, music, and many other forms of digital content could now be readily " "created and distributed by almost anyone. Despite this potential for " -"abundance, by default these digital works are governed by copyright " -"laws. Under copyright, a digital work is the property of the creator, and by " -"law others are excluded from accessing and using it without the creator’s " +"abundance, by default these digital works are governed by copyright laws. " +"Under copyright, a digital work is the property of the creator, and by law " +"others are excluded from accessing and using it without the creator’s " "permission." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1379,7 +1381,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1389,12 +1391,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1405,20 +1407,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " -"30, 2016, <ulink " -"url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-considerations/\"/>." +"30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" +"considerations/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " -"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by " -"lawyers. This layer is called the legal code. But since most creators and " -"users are not lawyers, the licenses also have a commons deed, expressing the " +"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " +"This layer is called the legal code. But since most creators and users are " +"not lawyers, the licenses also have a commons deed, expressing the " "permissions in plain language, which regular people can read and quickly " "understand. It acts as a user-friendly interface to the legal-code layer " "beneath. The third layer is the machine-readable one, making it easy for the " @@ -1430,7 +1432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1440,14 +1442,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1459,21 +1461,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " "committed to the norms associated with a commons. And for some, " "participation has been spurred by the free-culture movement, a social " -"movement that promotes the freedom to distribute and modify creative " -"works. The free-culture movement sees a commons as providing significant " -"benefits compared to restrictive copyright laws. This ethos of free exchange " -"in a commons aligns the free-culture movement with the free and open-source " +"movement that promotes the freedom to distribute and modify creative works. " +"The free-culture movement sees a commons as providing significant benefits " +"compared to restrictive copyright laws. This ethos of free exchange in a " +"commons aligns the free-culture movement with the free and open-source " "software movement." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1483,15 +1485,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " -"September 24, 2016, <ulink " -"url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Government_Partnership\"/>." +"September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" +"Open_Government_Partnership\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1505,22 +1507,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1536,15 +1538,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " -"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink " -"url=\"http://sida.se/globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>" +"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" +"globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1554,25 +1556,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " "for the GOVernance of Commons) (Bologna, Italy: City of Bologna, 2014), " -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." +"<ulink url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-" +"Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-" +"regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" -"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink " -"url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/>; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to " -"<ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>." +"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" +">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" +"amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1585,14 +1588,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1601,8 +1604,8 @@ msgid "" "market, making them less like a commons and more like a traditional business " "seeking financial gain. Much of the sharing economy is not about the commons " "or building an alternative to a corporate-driven market economy; it’s about " -"extending the deregulated free market into new areas of our " -"lives.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> While none of the people we " +"extending the deregulated free market into new areas of our lives." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> While none of the people we " "interviewed for our case studies would describe themselves as part of the " "sharing economy, there are in fact some significant parallels. Both the " "sharing economy and the commons make better use of asset capacity. The " @@ -1612,7 +1615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1620,21 +1623,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " "function under different economic rules than physical ones. In a world where " -"prices always seem to go up, information technology is an " -"anomaly. Computer-processing power, storage, and bandwidth are all rapidly " -"increasing, but rather than costs going up, costs are coming down. Digital " -"technologies are getting faster, better, and cheaper. The cost of anything " -"built on these technologies will always go down until it is close to " -"zero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"prices always seem to go up, information technology is an anomaly. Computer-" +"processing power, storage, and bandwidth are all rapidly increasing, but " +"rather than costs going up, costs are coming down. Digital technologies are " +"getting faster, better, and cheaper. The cost of anything built on these " +"technologies will always go down until it is close to zero.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1649,7 +1652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1657,19 +1660,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " "abundance rather than scarcity is so alien to the way we conceive of " -"economic theory and practice that we struggle to do so.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Those that are Made with Creative Commons are " -"each pioneering in this new landscape, devising their own economic models " -"and practice." +"economic theory and practice that we struggle to do so.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Those that are Made with Creative Commons are each " +"pioneering in this new landscape, devising their own economic models and " +"practice." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1678,7 +1681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1686,15 +1689,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " -"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), " -"8–9." +"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1709,44 +1711,44 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " -"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink " -"url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." +"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" +"\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " -"Generation as our reference for defining just what a business model " -"is. Developed over nine years using an <quote>open process</quote> involving " -"470 coauthors from forty-five countries, it is useful as a framework for " -"talking about business models.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Generation as our reference for defining just what a business model is. " +"Developed over nine years using an <quote>open process</quote> involving 470 " +"coauthors from forty-five countries, it is useful as a framework for talking " +"about business models.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" -"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink " -"url=\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." +"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" +"strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " -"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink " -"url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. " -"You can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas Questions at " -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>." +"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." +"com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. You " +"can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas Questions at " +"<ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/" +"d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1754,38 +1756,38 @@ msgid "" "own business model. We remixed this business model canvas into an open " "business model canvas, adding three more building blocks relevant to hybrid " "market, commons enterprises: social good, Creative Commons license, and " -"<quote>type of open environment that the business fits " -"in.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This enhanced canvas " -"proved useful when we analyzed businesses and helped start-ups plan their " -"economic model." +"<quote>type of open environment that the business fits in.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This enhanced canvas proved " +"useful when we analyzed businesses and helped start-ups plan their economic " +"model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " -"primarily being situated in the market. Where you sit on the " -"commons-to-market spectrum affects the extent to which you see yourself as a " -"business in the market. The more central to the mission shared resources " -"and commons values are, the less comfort there is in describing yourself, or " -"depicting what you do, as a business. Not all who have endeavors Made with " -"Creative Commons use business speak; for some the process has been " -"experimental, emergent, and organic rather than carefully planned using a " -"predefined model." +"primarily being situated in the market. Where you sit on the commons-to-" +"market spectrum affects the extent to which you see yourself as a business " +"in the market. The more central to the mission shared resources and commons " +"values are, the less comfort there is in describing yourself, or depicting " +"what you do, as a business. Not all who have endeavors Made with Creative " +"Commons use business speak; for some the process has been experimental, " +"emergent, and organic rather than carefully planned using a predefined model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " -"How Can You Generate Revenue?</quote>, available at <ulink " -"url=\"http://medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." +"How Can You Generate Revenue?</quote>, available at <ulink url=\"http://" +"medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-" +"can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1793,19 +1795,19 @@ msgid "" "but physical for a fee,</quote> crowdfunding, matchmaking, value-add " "services, patrons . . . the list goes on and on. (Initial description of how " "to earn revenue available through reference note. For latest thinking see " -"How to Bring In Money in the next section.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> There is no single magic bullet, and each endeavor has devised " -"ways that work for them. Most make use of more than one way. Diversifying " -"revenue streams lowers risk and provides multiple paths to sustainability." +"How to Bring In Money in the next section.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> There is no single magic bullet, and each endeavor has devised ways " +"that work for them. Most make use of more than one way. Diversifying revenue " +"streams lowers risk and provides multiple paths to sustainability." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1814,7 +1816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1824,21 +1826,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " -"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before " -"access. The commons puts resources in the open, providing access up front " -"without payment. Those that are Made with Creative Commons make little or no " -"use of digital rights management (DRM) to manage resources. Not using DRM " -"frees them of the costs of acquiring DRM technology and staff resources to " -"engage in the punitive practices associated with restricting access. The way " -"the commons provides access to everyone levels the playing field and " -"promotes inclusiveness, equity, and fairness." +"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " +"The commons puts resources in the open, providing access up front without " +"payment. Those that are Made with Creative Commons make little or no use of " +"digital rights management (DRM) to manage resources. Not using DRM frees " +"them of the costs of acquiring DRM technology and staff resources to engage " +"in the punitive practices associated with restricting access. The way the " +"commons provides access to everyone levels the playing field and promotes " +"inclusiveness, equity, and fairness." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1852,15 +1854,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " -"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), " -"31–44." +"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" +"44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1868,21 +1870,21 @@ msgid "" "original creator. Some endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons " "deliberately encourage users to take the resources being shared and innovate " "them. Doing so moves research and development (R&D) from being solely " -"inside the organization to being in the community.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Community-based innovation will keep an " -"organization or business on its toes. It must continue to contribute new " -"ideas, absorb and build on top of the innovations of others, and steward the " -"resources and the relationship with the community." +"inside the organization to being in the community.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Community-based innovation will keep an organization " +"or business on its toes. It must continue to contribute new ideas, absorb " +"and build on top of the innovations of others, and steward the resources and " +"the relationship with the community." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" -"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is " -"global. Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go " -"far and wide generating a global impact. In the digital world, there are no " -"borders between countries. When you are Made with Creative Commons, you are " -"often local and global at the same time: Digital designs being globally " +"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " +"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " +"wide generating a global impact. In the digital world, there are no borders " +"between countries. When you are Made with Creative Commons, you are often " +"local and global at the same time: Digital designs being globally " "distributed but made and manufactured locally. Digital books or music being " "globally distributed but readings and concerts performed locally. The " "digital commons magnifies impact by connecting creators to those who use and " @@ -1890,7 +1892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1905,7 +1907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1921,7 +1923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1930,12 +1932,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -1948,7 +1950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -1958,7 +1960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -1970,7 +1972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -1980,7 +1982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -1989,7 +1991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -1997,14 +1999,14 @@ msgid "" "we heard in our interviews how success and sustainability are tied to a set " "of beliefs, values, and principles that underlie their actions: Give more " "than you take. Be open and inclusive. Add value. Make visible what you are " -"using from the commons, what you are adding, and what you are " -"monetizing. Maximize abundance. Give attribution. Express gratitude. Develop " -"trust; don’t exploit. Build relationship and community. Be " -"transparent. Defend the commons." +"using from the commons, what you are adding, and what you are monetizing. " +"Maximize abundance. Give attribution. Express gratitude. Develop trust; " +"don’t exploit. Build relationship and community. Be transparent. Defend the " +"commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2015,7 +2017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2026,17 +2028,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2049,12 +2051,11 @@ msgid "" "others. Many sit somewhere in between, both using and contributing creative " "work that’s shared with the public. Like all who use the licenses, these " "endeavors share their work—whether it’s open data or furniture designs—in a " -"way that enables the public not only to access it but also to make use of " -"it." +"way that enables the public not only to access it but also to make use of it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2066,7 +2067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2074,19 +2075,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " "were we wrong that there are business models out there that others who want " -"to use CC licensing as part of their livelihood or business could " -"replicate. What we didn’t realize was just how misguided it would be to " -"write a book about being Made with Creative Commons using only a business " -"lens." +"to use CC licensing as part of their livelihood or business could replicate. " +"What we didn’t realize was just how misguided it would be to write a book " +"about being Made with Creative Commons using only a business lens." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2094,20 +2094,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " -"delivers, and captures value.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Thinking about sharing in terms of creating and capturing value " -"always felt inappropriately transactional and out of place, something we " -"heard time and time again in our interviews. And as Cory Doctorow told us in " -"our interview with him, <quote>Business model can mean anything you want it " -"to mean.</quote>" +"delivers, and captures value.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> Thinking about sharing in terms of creating and capturing value always " +"felt inappropriately transactional and out of place, something we heard time " +"and time again in our interviews. And as Cory Doctorow told us in our " +"interview with him, <quote>Business model can mean anything you want it to " +"mean.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2116,7 +2116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2128,7 +2128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2141,7 +2141,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2151,7 +2151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2166,7 +2166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2180,7 +2180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2190,20 +2190,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " "ways, this is nothing new. As Doctorow has written, <quote>Creators usually " -"start doing what they do for love.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> But when you share your creative work under a CC license, that " +"start doing what they do for love.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> But when you share your creative work under a CC license, that " "dynamic is even more pronounced. Similarly, for technological innovators, it " "is often less about creating a specific new thing that will make you rich " "and more about solving a specific problem you have. The creators of Arduino " @@ -2212,7 +2212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2224,7 +2224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2236,7 +2236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2244,7 +2244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2257,12 +2257,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2277,7 +2277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2285,26 +2285,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " -"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially " -"zero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The costs to distribute " -"physical copies are still significant, but lower than they have been " -"historically. And it is now much easier to print and distribute physical " -"copies on-demand, which also reduces costs. Depending on the endeavor, there " -"can be a whole host of other possible expenses like marketing and promotion, " -"and even expenses associated with the various ways money is being made, like " -"touring or custom training." +"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The costs to distribute physical " +"copies are still significant, but lower than they have been historically. " +"And it is now much easier to print and distribute physical copies on-demand, " +"which also reduces costs. Depending on the endeavor, there can be a whole " +"host of other possible expenses like marketing and promotion, and even " +"expenses associated with the various ways money is being made, like touring " +"or custom training." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2314,15 +2314,15 @@ msgid "" "never got the time of day from one of the great imperial powers, this is " "your time. Where once you had no means of reaching an audience without the " "assistance of the industry-dominating megacompanies, now you have hundreds " -"of ways to do it without them.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Previously, distribution of creative work involved the costs " +"of ways to do it without them.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Previously, distribution of creative work involved the costs " "associated with sustaining a monolithic entity, now creators can do the work " "themselves. That means the financial needs of creative endeavors can be a " "lot more modest." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2337,7 +2337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2347,7 +2347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2355,90 +2355,90 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " "<quote>It has to start with the art. The songs had to touch people " -"initially, and mean something, for anything to work at " -"all.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> There isn’t any magic " -"to finding your people, and there is certainly no formula. Your work has to " -"connect with people and offer them some artistic and/or utilitarian " -"value. In some ways, this is easier than ever. Online we are not limited by " -"shelf space, so there is room for every obscure interest, taste, and need " +"initially, and mean something, for anything to work at all.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> There isn’t any magic to " +"finding your people, and there is certainly no formula. Your work has to " +"connect with people and offer them some artistic and/or utilitarian value. " +"In some ways, this is easier than ever. Online we are not limited by shelf " +"space, so there is room for every obscure interest, taste, and need " "imaginable. This is what Chris Anderson dubbed the Long Tail, where " "consumption becomes less about mainstream mass <quote>hits</quote> and more " "about micromarkets for every particular niche. As Anderson wrote, <quote>We " "are all different, with different wants and needs, and the Internet now has " -"a place for all of them in the way that physical markets did " -"not.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We are no longer " -"limited to what appeals to the masses." +"a place for all of them in the way that physical markets did not.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We are no longer limited to " +"what appeals to the masses." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " "actually get noticed. The Internet is a firehose of content, one that only " "grows larger by the minute. As a content creator, not only are you " "competing for attention against more content creators than ever before, you " -"are competing against creativity generated outside the market as " -"well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson wrote, <quote>The " +"are competing against creativity generated outside the market as well." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson wrote, <quote>The " "greatest change of the past decade has been the shift in time people spend " -"consuming amateur content instead of professional " -"content.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> To top it all off, " -"you have to compete against the rest of their lives, too—<quote>friends, " -"family, music playlists, soccer games, and nights on the " -"town.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Somehow, some way, " -"you have to get noticed by the right people." +"consuming amateur content instead of professional content.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> To top it all off, you have " +"to compete against the rest of their lives, too—<quote>friends, family, " +"music playlists, soccer games, and nights on the town.</quote><placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Somehow, some way, you have to get noticed by " +"the right people." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2455,21 +2455,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " -"one of many necessary preconditions for artistic " -"success.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"one of many necessary preconditions for artistic success.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2482,23 +2482,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " "work. If people like your work, their natural instinct will be to share it " "with others. But as David Bollier wrote, <quote>Our natural human impulses " -"to imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been " -"criminalized.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"to imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been criminalized.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2509,7 +2509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2526,34 +2526,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " -"potentially abundant resource it is.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> When you see information abundance as a feature, not a bug, you " -"start thinking about the ways to use the idling capacity of your content to " -"your advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric Steuer once said, " -"<quote>Using CC licenses shows you get the Internet.</quote>" +"potentially abundant resource it is.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> When you see information abundance as a feature, not a bug, you start " +"thinking about the ways to use the idling capacity of your content to your " +"advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric Steuer once said, <quote>Using CC " +"licenses shows you get the Internet.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " -"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in " -"return.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Similarly, the makers of " -"the Arduino boards knew it was impossible to stop people from copying their " +"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Similarly, the makers of the " +"Arduino boards knew it was impossible to stop people from copying their " "hardware, so they decided not to even try and instead look for the benefits " "of being open. For them, the result is one of the most ubiquitous pieces of " "hardware in the world, with a thriving online community of tinkerers and " @@ -2562,19 +2562,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2588,30 +2588,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " -"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are " -"CC-licensed, and they are copied and reshared on other sites by design. This " +"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" +"licensed, and they are copied and reshared on other sites by design. This " "proliferating effect, which they track, is a central part of the value to " "their academic authors who want to reach as many readers as possible." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " "Google’s Eric Schmidt, the idea is simple: <quote>Take whatever it is you " "are doing and do it at the max in terms of distribution. The other way of " "saying this is that since marginal cost of distribution is free, you might " -"as well put things everywhere.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> This strategy is what often motivates companies to make their " +"as well put things everywhere.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> This strategy is what often motivates companies to make their " "products and services free (i.e., no cost), but the same logic applies to " "making content freely shareable. Because CC-licensed content is free (as in " "cost) and can be freely copied, CC licensing makes it even more accessible " @@ -2619,77 +2619,75 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " -"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon " -"effect. The simple fact that there are other people consuming or following " -"your work spurs others to want to do the same.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> This is, in part, because we simply have a tendency to engage in " -"herd behavior, but it is also because a large following is at least a " -"partial indicator of quality or usefulness.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/>" +"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " +"The simple fact that there are other people consuming or following your work " +"spurs others to want to do the same.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> This is, in part, because we simply have a tendency to engage in herd " +"behavior, but it is also because a large following is at least a partial " +"indicator of quality or usefulness.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" -"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), " -"124. Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is " -"how rarely they are invoked.</quote>" +"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " +"Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " +"rarely they are invoked.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " -"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the " -"material. CC0, not a license but a tool used to put work in the public " -"domain, does not make attribution a legal requirement, but many communities " -"still give credit as a matter of best practices and social norms. In fact, " -"it is social norms, rather than the threat of legal enforcement, that most " -"often motivate people to provide attribution and otherwise comply with the " -"CC license terms anyway. This is the mark of any well-functioning community, " -"within both the marketplace and the society at large.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> CC licenses reflect a set of wishes on the part " -"of creators, and in the vast majority of circumstances, people are naturally " -"inclined to follow those wishes. This is particularly the case for something " -"as straightforward and consistent with basic notions of fairness as " -"providing credit." +"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " +"CC0, not a license but a tool used to put work in the public domain, does " +"not make attribution a legal requirement, but many communities still give " +"credit as a matter of best practices and social norms. In fact, it is social " +"norms, rather than the threat of legal enforcement, that most often motivate " +"people to provide attribution and otherwise comply with the CC license terms " +"anyway. This is the mark of any well-functioning community, within both the " +"marketplace and the society at large.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> CC licenses reflect a set of wishes on the part of creators, and in the " +"vast majority of circumstances, people are naturally inclined to follow " +"those wishes. This is particularly the case for something as straightforward " +"and consistent with basic notions of fairness as providing credit." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " "a brand. The drive to associate your name with your work is not just based " "on commercial motivations, it is fundamental to authorship. Knowledge " -"Unlatched is a nonprofit that helps to subsidize the print production of " -"CC-licensed academic texts by pooling contributions from libraries around " -"the United States. The CEO, Frances Pinter, says that the Creative Commons " +"Unlatched is a nonprofit that helps to subsidize the print production of CC-" +"licensed academic texts by pooling contributions from libraries around the " +"United States. The CEO, Frances Pinter, says that the Creative Commons " "license on the works has a huge value to authors because reputation is the " "most important currency for academics. Sharing with CC is a way of having " "the most people see and cite your work." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2704,23 +2702,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" -"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its " -"credibility. Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to " -"identify the source and quality of a particular good and service, knowing " -"the author of a work gives the public a way to assess its credibility. In a " -"time when online discourse is plagued with misinformation, being a trusted " -"information source is more valuable than ever." +"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " +"Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " +"source and quality of a particular good and service, knowing the author of a " +"work gives the public a way to assess its credibility. In a time when online " +"discourse is plagued with misinformation, being a trusted information source " +"is more valuable than ever." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2731,12 +2729,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2745,15 +2743,15 @@ msgid "" "most recognizable painting on the planet. Its ubiquity has the effect of " "catalyzing interest in seeing the painting in person, and in owning physical " "goods with the image. Abundant copies of the content often entice more " -"demand, not blunt it. Another example came with the advent of the " -"radio. Although the music industry did not see it coming (and fought it!), " -"free music on the radio functioned as advertising for the paid version " -"people bought in music stores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Free " -"can be a form of promotion." +"demand, not blunt it. Another example came with the advent of the radio. " +"Although the music industry did not see it coming (and fought it!), free " +"music on the radio functioned as advertising for the paid version people " +"bought in music stores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Free can be " +"a form of promotion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2770,12 +2768,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2784,48 +2782,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " "wildly different things—translating, updating, localizing, improving, " "transforming. It enables a work to be customized for particular needs, uses, " -"people, and communities, which is another distinct value to offer the " -"public.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Adaptation is more game " -"changing in some contexts than others. With educational materials, the " -"ability to customize and update the content is critically important for its " -"usefulness. For photography, the ability to adapt a photo is less important." +"people, and communities, which is another distinct value to offer the public." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Adaptation is more game changing " +"in some contexts than others. With educational materials, the ability to " +"customize and update the content is critically important for its usefulness. " +"For photography, the ability to adapt a photo is less important." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2833,44 +2831,43 @@ msgid "" "they don’t think as much about how they consume them.</quote><placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If even the tiny act of volition of paying one " "penny for something changes our perception of that thing, then surely the " -"act of remixing it enhances our perception exponentially.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We know that people will pay more for products " -"they had a part in creating.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> And we " -"know that creating something, no matter what quality, brings with it a type " -"of creative satisfaction that can never be replaced by consuming something " +"act of remixing it enhances our perception exponentially.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We know that people will pay more for products they " +"had a part in creating.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> And we know " +"that creating something, no matter what quality, brings with it a type of " +"creative satisfaction that can never be replaced by consuming something " "created by someone else.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " -"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their " -"social-media feeds for an hour knows all too well. In his book, Cognitive " -"Surplus, Clay Shirky says, <quote>To participate is to act as if your " -"presence matters, as if, when you see something or hear something, your " -"response is part of the event.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Opening the door to your content can get people more deeply tied " -"to your work." +"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" +"media feeds for an hour knows all too well. In his book, Cognitive Surplus, " +"Clay Shirky says, <quote>To participate is to act as if your presence " +"matters, as if, when you see something or hear something, your response is " +"part of the event.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opening " +"the door to your content can get people more deeply tied to your work." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2880,62 +2877,62 @@ msgid "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Being Made with Creative Commons means you can " "function without those barriers and, in many cases, use the increased " "openness as a competitive advantage. David Harris from OpenStax said they " -"specifically pursue strategies they know that traditional publishers " -"cannot. <quote>Don’t go into a market and play by the incumbent " -"rules,</quote> David said. <quote>Change the rules of engagement.</quote>" +"specifically pursue strategies they know that traditional publishers cannot. " +"<quote>Don’t go into a market and play by the incumbent rules,</quote> David " +"said. <quote>Change the rules of engagement.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " -"2009, <ulink " -"url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." +"2009, <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " -"have to generate some type of value for their audience or " -"customers. Sometimes that value is subsidized by funders who are not " -"actually beneficiaries of that value. Funders, whether philanthropic " -"institutions, governments, or concerned individuals, provide money to the " -"organization out of a sense of pure altruism. This is the way traditional " -"nonprofit funding operates.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But in " -"many cases, the revenue streams used by endeavors that are Made with " -"Creative Commons are directly tied to the value they generate, where the " -"recipient is paying for the value they receive like any standard market " -"transaction. In still other cases, rather than the quid pro quo exchange of " -"money for value that typically drives market transactions, the recipient " -"gives money out of a sense of reciprocity." +"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " +"Sometimes that value is subsidized by funders who are not actually " +"beneficiaries of that value. Funders, whether philanthropic institutions, " +"governments, or concerned individuals, provide money to the organization out " +"of a sense of pure altruism. This is the way traditional nonprofit funding " +"operates.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But in many cases, the " +"revenue streams used by endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons are " +"directly tied to the value they generate, where the recipient is paying for " +"the value they receive like any standard market transaction. In still other " +"cases, rather than the quid pro quo exchange of money for value that " +"typically drives market transactions, the recipient gives money out of a " +"sense of reciprocity." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " "funding for content creation when research-and-development costs are " "particularly high, and then finding a different revenue stream (or streams) " "for ongoing expenses. As Shirky wrote, <quote>The trick is in knowing when " -"markets are an optimal way of organizing interactions and when they are " -"not.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"markets are an optimal way of organizing interactions and when they are not." +"</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2946,41 +2943,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " "id=\"0\"/> By definition, if you are Made with Creative Commons, the content " "you provide is available for free and not a market commodity. Like the " "ubiquitous freemium business model, any possible market transaction with a " -"consumer of your content has to be based on some added value you " -"provide.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"consumer of your content has to be based on some added value you provide." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -2998,12 +2995,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3012,12 +3009,12 @@ msgid "" "creates a new scarcity,</quote> he wrote. You just have to find some way " "other than the content to provide value to your audience or customers. As " "Anderson says, <quote>It’s easy to compete with Free: simply offer something " -"better or at least different from the free version.</quote><placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"better or at least different from the free version.</quote><placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3028,7 +3025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3037,94 +3034,92 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" -"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work " -"<emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" +"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" +"BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " "are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, <quote>Commodity information " "(everybody gets the same version) wants to be free. Customized information " -"(you get something unique and meaningful to you) wants to be " -"expensive.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This can be " -"anything from the artistic and cultural consulting services provided by " -"Ártica to the custom-song business of Jonathan <quote>Song-A-Day</quote> " -"Mann." +"(you get something unique and meaningful to you) wants to be expensive.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This can be anything from " +"the artistic and cultural consulting services provided by Ártica to the " +"custom-song business of Jonathan <quote>Song-A-Day</quote> Mann." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " -"and atoms refer to a physical object).<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> This is particularly successful in domains where the digital " -"version of the content isn’t as valuable as the analog version, like book " -"publishing where a significant subset of people still prefer reading " -"something they can hold in their hands. Or in domains where the content " -"isn’t useful until it is in physical form, like furniture designs. In those " -"situations, a significant portion of consumers will pay for the convenience " -"of having someone else put the physical version together for them. Some " -"endeavors squeeze even more out of this revenue stream by using a Creative " -"Commons license that only allows noncommercial uses, which means no one else " -"can sell physical copies of their work in competition with them. This " -"strategy of reserving commercial rights can be particularly important for " -"items like books, where every printed copy of the same work is likely to be " -"the same quality, so it is harder to differentiate one publishing service " -"from another. On the other hand, for items like furniture or electronics, " -"the provider of the physical goods can compete with other providers of the " -"same works based on quality, service, or other traditional business " -"principles." +"and atoms refer to a physical object).<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> This is particularly successful in domains where the digital version " +"of the content isn’t as valuable as the analog version, like book publishing " +"where a significant subset of people still prefer reading something they can " +"hold in their hands. Or in domains where the content isn’t useful until it " +"is in physical form, like furniture designs. In those situations, a " +"significant portion of consumers will pay for the convenience of having " +"someone else put the physical version together for them. Some endeavors " +"squeeze even more out of this revenue stream by using a Creative Commons " +"license that only allows noncommercial uses, which means no one else can " +"sell physical copies of their work in competition with them. This strategy " +"of reserving commercial rights can be particularly important for items like " +"books, where every printed copy of the same work is likely to be the same " +"quality, so it is harder to differentiate one publishing service from " +"another. On the other hand, for items like furniture or electronics, the " +"provider of the physical goods can compete with other providers of the same " +"works based on quality, service, or other traditional business principles." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " "digital copy on your own. Far from acting as a substitute for face-to-face " -"interaction, CC-licensed content can actually create demand for the " -"in-person version of experience. You can see this effect when people go view " +"interaction, CC-licensed content can actually create demand for the in-" +"person version of experience. You can see this effect when people go view " "original art in person or pay to attend a talk or training course." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3133,12 +3128,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3147,80 +3142,80 @@ msgid "" "businesses are paying to access your main audience. The fact that the " "content is free increases the size of the audience, which in turn makes the " "offer more valuable to the paying customers. This is a variation of a " -"traditional business model built on free called multi-sided " -"platforms.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Access to your audience " -"isn’t the only thing people are willing to pay for—there are other services " -"you can provide as well." +"traditional business model built on free called multi-sided platforms." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Access to your audience isn’t the " +"only thing people are willing to pay for—there are other services you can " +"provide as well." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " "reach the set of eyeballs the content creators provide in the form of their " "audience.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The Internet has made " "this model more difficult because the number of potential channels available " -"to reach those eyeballs has become essentially infinite.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Nonetheless, it remains a viable revenue stream " -"for many content creators, including those who are Made with Creative " -"Commons. Often, instead of paying to display advertising, the advertiser " -"pays to be an official sponsor of particular content or projects, or of the " -"overall endeavor." +"to reach those eyeballs has become essentially infinite.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Nonetheless, it remains a viable revenue stream for " +"many content creators, including those who are Made with Creative Commons. " +"Often, instead of paying to display advertising, the advertiser pays to be " +"an official sponsor of particular content or projects, or of the overall " +"endeavor." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " -"available to those who rely on work created, at least in part, by " -"others. The most well-known version of this model is the " -"<quote>author-processing charge</quote> of open-access journals like those " -"published by the Public Library of Science, but there are other " -"variations. The Conversation is primarily funded by a university-membership " -"model, where universities pay to have their faculties participate as writers " -"of the content on the Conversation website." +"available to those who rely on work created, at least in part, by others. " +"The most well-known version of this model is the <quote>author-processing " +"charge</quote> of open-access journals like those published by the Public " +"Library of Science, but there are other variations. The Conversation is " +"primarily funded by a university-membership model, where universities pay to " +"have their faculties participate as writers of the content on the " +"Conversation website." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " "Curation is an important element of this model. Platforms like the Noun " -"Project add value by wading through CC-licensed content to curate a " -"high-quality set and then derive revenue when creators of that content make " +"Project add value by wading through CC-licensed content to curate a high-" +"quality set and then derive revenue when creators of that content make " "transactions with customers. Other platforms make money when service " "providers transact with their customers; for example, Opendesk makes money " "every time someone on their site pays a maker to make furniture based on one " @@ -3228,12 +3223,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 -msgid "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 +msgid "" +"Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3244,12 +3240,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3262,12 +3258,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3276,7 +3272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3290,7 +3286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3300,17 +3296,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3320,14 +3316,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" -"Memberships and individual donations " -"<emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" +"Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3342,65 +3337,64 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " -"the public and personal value they feel is generated by the open " -"content. Critically, these models are not touted as <quote>buying</quote> " -"something free. They are similar to a tip jar. People make financial " -"contributions as an act of gratitude. These models capitalize on the fact " -"that we are naturally inclined to give money for things we value in the " -"marketplace, even in situations where we could find a way to get it for " -"free." +"the public and personal value they feel is generated by the open content. " +"Critically, these models are not touted as <quote>buying</quote> something " +"free. They are similar to a tip jar. People make financial contributions as " +"an act of gratitude. These models capitalize on the fact that we are " +"naturally inclined to give money for things we value in the marketplace, " +"even in situations where we could find a way to get it for free." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " "with Creative Commons, anyone who wants the work in question could simply " "wait until it’s created and then access it for free. That means, for this " -"model to work, people have to care about more than just receiving the " -"work. They have to want you to succeed. Amanda Palmer credits the success of " -"her crowdfunding on Kickstarter and Patreon to the years she spent building " -"her community and creating a connection with her fans. She wrote in The Art " -"of Asking, <quote>Good art is made, good art is shared, help is offered, " -"ears are bent, emotions are exchanged, the compost of real, deep connection " -"is sprayed all over the fields. Then one day, the artist steps up and asks " -"for something. And if the ground has been fertilized enough, the audience " -"says, without hesitation: of course.</quote>" +"model to work, people have to care about more than just receiving the work. " +"They have to want you to succeed. Amanda Palmer credits the success of her " +"crowdfunding on Kickstarter and Patreon to the years she spent building her " +"community and creating a connection with her fans. She wrote in The Art of " +"Asking, <quote>Good art is made, good art is shared, help is offered, ears " +"are bent, emotions are exchanged, the compost of real, deep connection is " +"sprayed all over the fields. Then one day, the artist steps up and asks for " +"something. And if the ground has been fertilized enough, the audience says, " +"without hesitation: of course.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " -"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major " -"U.S. libraries to subsidize CC-licensed academic work that will be, by " +"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." +"S. libraries to subsidize CC-licensed academic work that will be, by " "definition, available to everyone for free. Libraries with bigger budgets " "tend to give more out of a sense of commitment to the library community and " "to the idea of open access generally." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3417,7 +3411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3428,7 +3422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3436,7 +3430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3444,20 +3438,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " "more than copyright permissions when they explained how sharing fit into " "what they do. I was thinking about sharing too narrowly, and as a result, I " -"was missing vast swaths of the meaning packed within Creative " -"Commons. Rather than parsing the specific and narrow role of the copyright " -"license in the equation, it is important not to disaggregate the rest of " -"what comes with sharing. You have to widen the lens." +"was missing vast swaths of the meaning packed within Creative Commons. " +"Rather than parsing the specific and narrow role of the copyright license in " +"the equation, it is important not to disaggregate the rest of what comes " +"with sharing. You have to widen the lens." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3472,7 +3466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3481,19 +3475,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3504,14 +3498,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3527,54 +3521,54 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " "Palmer says, <quote>When you’re afraid of someone’s judgment, you can’t " -"connect with them. You’re too preoccupied with the task of impressing " -"them.</quote> Not everyone is suited to live life as an open book like " -"Palmer, and that’s OK. There are a lot of ways to be human. The trick is " -"just avoiding pretense and the temptation to artificially craft an " -"image. People don’t just want the glossy version of you. They can’t relate " -"to it, at least not in a meaningful way." +"connect with them. You’re too preoccupied with the task of impressing them.</" +"quote> Not everyone is suited to live life as an open book like Palmer, and " +"that’s OK. There are a lot of ways to be human. The trick is just avoiding " +"pretense and the temptation to artificially craft an image. People don’t " +"just want the glossy version of you. They can’t relate to it, at least not " +"in a meaningful way." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " "States, corporations are people!). When corporations and organizations make " "the people behind them more apparent, it reminds people that they are " -"dealing with something other than an anonymous corporate entity. In " -"business-speak, this is about <quote>humanizing your interactions</quote> " -"with the public.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But it can’t be a " -"gimmick. You can’t fake being human." +"dealing with something other than an anonymous corporate entity. In business-" +"speak, this is about <quote>humanizing your interactions</quote> with the " +"public.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But it can’t be a gimmick. " +"You can’t fake being human." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3588,90 +3582,90 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " -"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to " -"lowest-common-denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of " -"ideas that cultivates healthy collaboration.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then giving " -"context and explanation about decisions you make, even if soliciting " -"feedback and inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you don’t go through " -"the effort to actually respond to the input you receive, it can be worse " -"than not inviting input in the first place.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/> But when you get it right, it can guarantee the type of diversity " -"of thought that helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people " -"involved and invested in what you do." +"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" +"denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that " +"cultivates healthy collaboration.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then giving context and " +"explanation about decisions you make, even if soliciting feedback and " +"inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you don’t go through the effort to " +"actually respond to the input you receive, it can be worse than not inviting " +"input in the first place.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> But when " +"you get it right, it can guarantee the type of diversity of thought that " +"helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people involved and " +"invested in what you do." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " "relatively introspective human knows this is a fiction—we are much more " -"complicated beings with a whole range of needs, emotions, and " -"motivations. In fact, we are hardwired to work together and ensure " -"fairness.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Being Made with Creative " -"Commons requires an assumption that people will largely act on those social " -"motivations, motivations that would be considered <quote>irrational</quote> " -"in an economic sense. As Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, <quote>It is " -"best to ignore people who try to scare you about free riding. That fear is " -"based on a very shallow view of what motivates human behavior.</quote> There " -"will always be people who will act in purely selfish ways, but endeavors " -"that are Made with Creative Commons design for the good actors." +"complicated beings with a whole range of needs, emotions, and motivations. " +"In fact, we are hardwired to work together and ensure fairness.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Being Made with Creative Commons requires an " +"assumption that people will largely act on those social motivations, " +"motivations that would be considered <quote>irrational</quote> in an " +"economic sense. As Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, <quote>It is best " +"to ignore people who try to scare you about free riding. That fear is based " +"on a very shallow view of what motivates human behavior.</quote> There will " +"always be people who will act in purely selfish ways, but endeavors that are " +"Made with Creative Commons design for the good actors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" -"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a " -"self-fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems " -"that assume people will act in ways that create public goods, and that give " -"them opportunities and rewards for doing so, often let them work together " -"better than neoclassical economics would predict.</quote><placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> When we acknowledge that people are often " -"motivated by something other than financial self-interest, we design our " -"endeavors in ways that encourage and accentuate our social instincts." +"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" +"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " +"assume people will act in ways that create public goods, and that give them " +"opportunities and rewards for doing so, often let them work together better " +"than neoclassical economics would predict.</quote><placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> When we acknowledge that people are often motivated " +"by something other than financial self-interest, we design our endeavors in " +"ways that encourage and accentuate our social instincts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3680,41 +3674,41 @@ msgid "" "to make sure citizens act honestly and responsibly. And it’s impossible for " "any organization to rely on contracts alone to make sure that its managers " "and workers live up to their obligation.</quote> Instead, we largely trust " -"that people—mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to " -"do.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And most often, they do." +"that people—mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to do." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And most often, they do." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 -msgid "" -"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like " -"fans. As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan " -"first.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Even if you happen " -"to be one of the few to reach celebrity levels of fame, you are better off " -"remembering that the people who follow your work are human, too. Cory " -"Doctorow makes a point to answer every single email someone sends him. " -"Amanda Palmer spends vast quantities of time going online to communicate " -"with her public, making a point to listen just as much as she " -"talks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 +msgid "" +"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " +"As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Even if you happen to be one " +"of the few to reach celebrity levels of fame, you are better off remembering " +"that the people who follow your work are human, too. Cory Doctorow makes a " +"point to answer every single email someone sends him. Amanda Palmer spends " +"vast quantities of time going online to communicate with her public, making " +"a point to listen just as much as she talks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3722,39 +3716,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" -"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in " -"kind. It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too " -"easy to destroy them if you make the mistake of treating people as anonymous " +"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " +"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " +"to destroy them if you make the mistake of treating people as anonymous " "customers or free labor.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Platforms " "that rely on content from contributors are especially at risk of creating an " "exploitative dynamic. It is important to find ways to acknowledge and pay " "back the value that contributors generate. That does not mean you can solve " -"this problem by simply paying contributors for their time or " -"contributions. As soon as we introduce money into a relationship—at least " -"when it takes a form of paying monetary value in exchange for other value—it " -"can dramatically change the dynamic.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/>" +"this problem by simply paying contributors for their time or contributions. " +"As soon as we introduce money into a relationship—at least when it takes a " +"form of paying monetary value in exchange for other value—it can " +"dramatically change the dynamic.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3767,7 +3760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3780,57 +3773,57 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " -"you have a sense of purpose that transcends your own " -"self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It attracts " -"committed employees, motivates contributors, and builds trust." +"you have a sense of purpose that transcends your own self-interest." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It attracts committed employees, " +"motivates contributors, and builds trust." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " "create something new, or it may simply be a collection of like-minded people " -"who get to know each other and rally around common interests or " -"beliefs.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> To a certain extent, " -"simply being Made with Creative Commons automatically brings with it some " -"element of community, by helping connect you to like-minded others who " -"recognize and are drawn to the values symbolized by using CC." +"who get to know each other and rally around common interests or beliefs." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> To a certain extent, simply being " +"Made with Creative Commons automatically brings with it some element of " +"community, by helping connect you to like-minded others who recognize and " +"are drawn to the values symbolized by using CC." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3842,90 +3835,90 @@ msgid "" "like Red Hat, that means connecting around common beliefs or goals. As the " "CEO Jim Whitehurst wrote in The Open Organization, <quote>Tapping into " "passion is especially important in building the kinds of participative " -"communities that drive open organizations.</quote><placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"communities that drive open organizations.</quote><placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " "difficult to ensure that people are working in the group’s interest and not " "in their own. And when there’s a lack of trust between the members of the " "group (which isn’t surprising given that they don’t really know each other), " -"considerable energy is wasted trying to determine each other’s bona " -"fides.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Building true " -"community requires giving people within the community the power to create or " -"influence the rules that govern the community.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/> If the rules are created and imposed in a top-down manner, people " -"feel like they don’t have a voice, which in turn leads to disengagement." +"considerable energy is wasted trying to determine each other’s bona fides.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Building true community " +"requires giving people within the community the power to create or influence " +"the rules that govern the community.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/" +"> If the rules are created and imposed in a top-down manner, people feel " +"like they don’t have a voice, which in turn leads to disengagement." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." +"<ulink url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-" +"at-all\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " "defines so much of the so-called sharing economy. In an article on the " "Harvard Business Review website called <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t " "about Sharing at All,</quote> authors Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi " -"explained how the anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most " -"sharing-economy businesses are purely about monetizing access.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As Lisa Gansky put it in her book The Mesh, the " +"explained how the anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most sharing-" +"economy businesses are purely about monetizing access.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As Lisa Gansky put it in her book The Mesh, the " "primary strategy of the sharing economy is to sell the same product multiple " -"times, by selling access rather than ownership.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> That is not sharing." +"times, by selling access rather than ownership.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"1\"/> That is not sharing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " -"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680\"/>." +"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" +"news/technology-35709680\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3934,14 +3927,14 @@ msgid "" "about creating content; it can be about adding value in other ways. The " "social blogging platform Medium provides value to its community by " "incentivizing good behavior, and the result is an online space with " -"remarkably high-quality user-generated content and limited " -"trolling.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opendesk contributes to " -"its community by committing to help its designers make money, in part by " +"remarkably high-quality user-generated content and limited trolling." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opendesk contributes to its " +"community by committing to help its designers make money, in part by " "actively curating and displaying their work on its platform effectively." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3953,48 +3946,49 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " -"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of " -"talent.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But to make collaboration " -"work, the group has to be effective at what it is doing, and the people " -"within the group have to find satisfaction from being involved.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This is easier to facilitate for some types of " +"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But to make collaboration work, " +"the group has to be effective at what it is doing, and the people within the " +"group have to find satisfaction from being involved.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This is easier to facilitate for some types of " "creative work than it is for others. Groups tied together online collaborate " "best when people can work independently and asynchronously, and particularly " "for larger groups with loose ties, when contributors can make simple " -"improvements without a particularly heavy time commitment.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/>" +"improvements without a particularly heavy time commitment.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4002,28 +3996,28 @@ msgid "" "own are immensely valuable in the aggregate. Those same sorts of small " "contributions would be less useful for many other types of creative work, " "and people are inherently less motivated to contribute when it doesn’t " -"appear that their efforts will make much of a difference.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"appear that their efforts will make much of a difference.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " -"truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of " -"circumstances—perhaps more often than not—community cocreation is not part " -"of the equation, even within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky wrote, " +"truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of circumstances—" +"perhaps more often than not—community cocreation is not part of the " +"equation, even within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky wrote, " "<quote>Sometimes the value of professional work trumps the value of amateur " "sharing or a feeling of belonging.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " "The textbook publisher OpenStax, which distributes all of its material for " @@ -4038,19 +4032,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4061,19 +4055,19 @@ msgid "" "it shows a nonterritorial approach to ideas and information. Stephen Covey " "(of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People fame) calls this the abundance " "mentality—treating ideas like something plentiful—and it can create an " -"environment where collaboration flourishes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/>" +"environment where collaboration flourishes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4082,62 +4076,68 @@ msgid "" "Creative Commons can be Wikipedia, but every endeavor can find ways to " "invite the public into what they do. The goal for any form of collaboration " "is to move away from thinking of consumers as passive recipients of your " -"content and transition them into active participants.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"content and transition them into active participants.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " -"for noncommercial purposes so long as attribution is given to the " -"creator. There are six licenses in the CC license suite that build on that " -"basic set of permissions, ranging from the most restrictive (allowing only " -"those basic permissions to share unmodified copies for noncommercial " -"purposes) to the most permissive (reusers can do anything they want with " -"the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they give the creator " -"credit). The licenses are built on copyright and do not cover other types of " -"rights that creators might have in their works, like patents or trademarks." +"for noncommercial purposes so long as attribution is given to the creator. " +"There are six licenses in the CC license suite that build on that basic set " +"of permissions, ranging from the most restrictive (allowing only those basic " +"permissions to share unmodified copies for noncommercial purposes) to the " +"most permissive (reusers can do anything they want with the work, even for " +"commercial purposes, as long as they give the creator credit). The licenses " +"are built on copyright and do not cover other types of rights that creators " +"might have in their works, like patents or trademarks." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " -"original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses " -"offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed " -"materials." +"original creation. This is the most accommodating of licenses offered. " +"Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4148,12 +4148,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4161,12 +4161,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4175,12 +4175,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4188,12 +4188,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4202,7 +4202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4210,74 +4210,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " -"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and " -"Attribution-ShareAlike (found in eight studies) were the most common, with " -"the other licenses coming up in four or so case studies, including the " -"public-domain tool CC0. Some of the organizations we profiled offer both " -"digital content and software: by using open-source-software licenses for the " -"software code and Creative Commons licenses for digital content, they " -"amplify their involvement with and commitment to sharing." +"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" +"ShareAlike (found in eight studies) were the most common, with the other " +"licenses coming up in four or so case studies, including the public-domain " +"tool CC0. Some of the organizations we profiled offer both digital content " +"and software: by using open-source-software licenses for the software code " +"and Creative Commons licenses for digital content, they amplify their " +"involvement with and commitment to sharing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " "their work. As we hope this book makes clear, there are many ways to make " "endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons sustainable. Reserving " "commercial rights is only one of those ways. It is certainly true that a " -"license that allows others to make commercial use of your work (CC BY, CC " -"BY-SA, and CC BY-ND) forecloses some traditional revenue streams. If you " -"apply an Attribution (CC BY) license to your book, you can’t force a film " -"company to pay you royalties if they turn your book into a feature-length " -"film, or prevent another company from selling physical copies of your work." +"license that allows others to make commercial use of your work (CC BY, CC BY-" +"SA, and CC BY-ND) forecloses some traditional revenue streams. If you apply " +"an Attribution (CC BY) license to your book, you can’t force a film company " +"to pay you royalties if they turn your book into a feature-length film, or " +"prevent another company from selling physical copies of your work." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " "NonCommercial and NoDerivs licenses are ways of reserving some significant " -"portion of the exclusive bundle of rights that copyright grants to " -"creators. In some cases, reserving those rights is important to how you " -"bring in revenue. In other cases, creators use a NonCommercial or NoDerivs " -"license because they can’t give up on the dream of hitting the creative " -"jackpot. The music platform Tribe of Noise told us the NonCommercial " -"licenses were popular among their users because people still held out the " -"dream of having a major record label discover their work." +"portion of the exclusive bundle of rights that copyright grants to creators. " +"In some cases, reserving those rights is important to how you bring in " +"revenue. In other cases, creators use a NonCommercial or NoDerivs license " +"because they can’t give up on the dream of hitting the creative jackpot. " +"The music platform Tribe of Noise told us the NonCommercial licenses were " +"popular among their users because people still held out the dream of having " +"a major record label discover their work." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4286,7 +4286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4300,26 +4300,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " -"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink " -"url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." +"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/" +"share-your-work/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4331,7 +4331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4341,24 +4341,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4366,24 +4366,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4399,7 +4413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4410,7 +4424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4421,19 +4435,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" -"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design " -"school. He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work " -"and research just disappear. Open-sourcing ensured that Arduino would " -"outlive the Ivrea closure. Persistence is one thing Tom really likes about " -"open source. If key people leave, or a company shuts down, an open-source " -"product lives on. In Tom’s view, <quote>Open sourcing makes it easier to " -"trust a product.</quote>" +"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " +"He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " +"research just disappear. Open-sourcing ensured that Arduino would outlive " +"the Ivrea closure. Persistence is one thing Tom really likes about open " +"source. If key people leave, or a company shuts down, an open-source product " +"lives on. In Tom’s view, <quote>Open sourcing makes it easier to trust a " +"product.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4444,7 +4458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4455,7 +4469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4470,7 +4484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4486,7 +4500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4497,17 +4511,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " -"business, and all the things needed to successfully run one still " -"apply. David says, <quote>If you do those other things well, sharing things " -"in an open-source way can only help you.</quote>" +"business, and all the things needed to successfully run one still apply. " +"David says, <quote>If you do those other things well, sharing things in an " +"open-source way can only help you.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4521,7 +4535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4534,12 +4548,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4548,19 +4562,19 @@ msgid "" "creating Internet of Things applications, wearables, and 3-D printing. The " "full range of official Arduino products includes boards, modules (a smaller " "form-factor of classic boards), shields (elements that can be plugged onto a " -"board to give it extra features), and kits.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/>" +"board to give it extra features), and kits.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " "success. And being open lets you build a real community. David says " -"Arduino’s community is a big strength and something that really does " -"matter—in his words, <quote>It’s good business.</quote> When they started, " -"the Arduino team had almost entirely no idea how to build a community. They " +"Arduino’s community is a big strength and something that really does matter—" +"in his words, <quote>It’s good business.</quote> When they started, the " +"Arduino team had almost entirely no idea how to build a community. They " "started by conducting numerous workshops, working directly with people using " "the platform to make sure the hardware and software worked the way it was " "meant to work and solved people’s problems. The community grew organically " @@ -4568,7 +4582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4582,19 +4596,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " -"manufacturers that are allowed to use the Arduino logo on their " -"boards. Trademarking their brand provided the founders with a way to protect " -"Arduino, build it out further, and fund software and tutorial " -"development. The trademark-licensing fee for the brand became Arduino’s " -"revenue-generating model." +"manufacturers that are allowed to use the Arduino logo on their boards. " +"Trademarking their brand provided the founders with a way to protect " +"Arduino, build it out further, and fund software and tutorial development. " +"The trademark-licensing fee for the brand became Arduino’s revenue-" +"generating model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4605,29 +4619,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " "needs to be protected and why. There are lots of good reasons to not open up " "certain elements. This strategy of sharing everything is certainly the " -"complete opposite of how today’s world operates, where nothing is " -"shared. Tom suggests a business formalize which elements are based on open " -"sharing and which are closed. An Arduino blog post from 2013 entitled " -"<quote>Send In the Clones,</quote> by one of the founders Massimo Banzi, " -"does a great job of explaining the full complexities of how trademarking " -"their brand has played out, distinguishing between official boards and those " -"that are clones, derivatives, compatibles, and counterfeits.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"complete opposite of how today’s world operates, where nothing is shared. " +"Tom suggests a business formalize which elements are based on open sharing " +"and which are closed. An Arduino blog post from 2013 entitled <quote>Send In " +"the Clones,</quote> by one of the founders Massimo Banzi, does a great job " +"of explaining the full complexities of how trademarking their brand has " +"played out, distinguishing between official boards and those that are " +"clones, derivatives, compatibles, and counterfeits.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4637,18 +4651,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " "democratization of technology.</quote> Tom sees Arduino’s open-source " "strategy as helping the world get over the idea that technology has to be " -"protected. Tom says, <quote>Technology is a literacy everyone should " -"learn.</quote>" +"protected. Tom says, <quote>Technology is a literacy everyone should learn.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4656,12 +4670,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4669,36 +4683,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4707,25 +4730,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " -"to develop research and online education about rural-development " -"issues. Jorge was a psychologist, also working in online education. Both " -"were bloggers and heavy users of social media, and both had a passion for " -"arts and culture. They decided to take their skills in digital technology " -"and online learning and apply them to a topic area they loved. They launched " +"to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " +"Jorge was a psychologist, also working in online education. Both were " +"bloggers and heavy users of social media, and both had a passion for arts " +"and culture. They decided to take their skills in digital technology and " +"online learning and apply them to a topic area they loved. They launched " "Ártica, an online business that provides education and consulting for people " "and institutions creating artistic and cultural projects on the Internet." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4740,20 +4763,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " "it an <quote>artisan</quote> process because of the time and effort it takes " -"to adapt their work for the particular needs of students and " -"clients. <quote>Each student or client is paying for a specific solution to " -"his or her problems and questions,</quote> Mariana said. Rather than sell " -"access to their content, they provide it for free and charge for the " -"personalized services." +"to adapt their work for the particular needs of students and clients. " +"<quote>Each student or client is paying for a specific solution to his or " +"her problems and questions,</quote> Mariana said. Rather than sell access to " +"their content, they provide it for free and charge for the personalized " +"services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4764,7 +4787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4774,17 +4797,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" -"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific " -"projects. Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project " -"like a new course or e-book, they will go ahead because they believe in " -"it. They take the stance that every new project leads them to something new, " -"every new resource they create opens new doors." +"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " +"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " +"course or e-book, they will go ahead because they believe in it. They take " +"the stance that every new project leads them to something new, every new " +"resource they create opens new doors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4794,14 +4817,14 @@ msgid "" "to be viral,</quote> Jorge said. For them, giving others the right to reuse " "and remix their content is a fundamental value. <quote>How can you offer an " "online educational service without giving permission to download, make and " -"keep copies, or print the educational resources?</quote> Jorge " -"said. <quote>If we want to do the best for our students—those who trust in " -"us to the point that they are willing to pay online without face-to-face " -"contact—we have to offer them a fair and ethical agreement.</quote>" +"keep copies, or print the educational resources?</quote> Jorge said. " +"<quote>If we want to do the best for our students—those who trust in us to " +"the point that they are willing to pay online without face-to-face contact—" +"we have to offer them a fair and ethical agreement.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4811,20 +4834,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" -"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another " -"belief—in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, " -"they spoke of all of the spontaneous and organic ways they find " -"inspiration. <quote>Sometimes, the collaborative process starts with a " -"conversation between us, or with friends from other projects,</quote> Jorge " -"said. <quote>That can be the first step for a new blog post or another " -"simple piece of content, which can evolve to a more complex product in the " -"future, like a course or a book.</quote>" +"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" +"in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " +"spoke of all of the spontaneous and organic ways they find inspiration. " +"<quote>Sometimes, the collaborative process starts with a conversation " +"between us, or with friends from other projects,</quote> Jorge said. " +"<quote>That can be the first step for a new blog post or another simple " +"piece of content, which can evolve to a more complex product in the future, " +"like a course or a book.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4836,17 +4859,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" -"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes " -"more. <quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important " -"to pay attention to people and process, rather than content or specific " -"formats or materials,</quote> Mariana said. <quote>Materials and content " -"are fluid. The important thing is the relationships.</quote>" +"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " +"<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " +"attention to people and process, rather than content or specific formats or " +"materials,</quote> Mariana said. <quote>Materials and content are fluid. " +"The important thing is the relationships.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4854,22 +4877,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " -"very important to take a stand for some things in the cultural " -"sector.</quote> Mariana and Jorge are activists. They defend free culture " -"(the movement promoting the freedom to modify and distribute creative work) " -"and work to demonstrate the intersection between free culture and other " -"social-justice movements. Their efforts to involve people in their work and " -"enable artists and cultural institutions to better use technology are all " -"tied closely to their belief system. Ultimately, what drives their work is " -"a mission to democratize art and culture." +"very important to take a stand for some things in the cultural sector.</" +"quote> Mariana and Jorge are activists. They defend free culture (the " +"movement promoting the freedom to modify and distribute creative work) and " +"work to demonstrate the intersection between free culture and other social-" +"justice movements. Their efforts to involve people in their work and enable " +"artists and cultural institutions to better use technology are all tied " +"closely to their belief system. Ultimately, what drives their work is a " +"mission to democratize art and culture." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4880,17 +4903,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" -"<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge " -"said. <quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is " -"very specific and personal.</quote> Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal " -"at every level. For Mariana and Jorge, success means doing what brings them " +"<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " +"<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " +"specific and personal.</quote> Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal at " +"every level. For Mariana and Jorge, success means doing what brings them " "personal meaning and purpose, and doing it sustainably and collaboratively." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4900,43 +4923,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -4949,7 +4972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -4961,7 +4984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -4970,7 +4993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -4983,7 +5006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -4997,18 +5020,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " -"quickly because the community could make fixes and " -"improvements. <quote>Software should be free and open to hack,</quote> " -"Francesco said. <quote>Otherwise, everyone is doing the same thing in the " -"dark for ten years.</quote> Ton set up the Blender Foundation to oversee and " -"steward the software development and maintenance." +"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " +"<quote>Software should be free and open to hack,</quote> Francesco said. " +"<quote>Otherwise, everyone is doing the same thing in the dark for ten years." +"</quote> Ton set up the Blender Foundation to oversee and steward the " +"software development and maintenance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5020,19 +5043,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " "were significant. Francesco said that when their crowdfunding campaign " "succeeded, people were astounded. <quote>The idea that making money was " -"possible by producing CC-licensed material was mind-blowing to " -"people,</quote> he said. <quote>They were like, <quote>I have to see it to " -"believe it.</quote></quote>" +"possible by producing CC-licensed material was mind-blowing to people,</" +"quote> he said. <quote>They were like, <quote>I have to see it to believe " +"it.</quote></quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5042,22 +5065,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " -"complex, combining technical experts and artists who focus on " -"storytelling. Francesco says the process is almost on an industrial scale " -"because of the number of moving parts. This requires a lot of specialized " -"assistance, but the Blender Institute has no problem finding the talent it " -"needs to help on projects. <quote>Blender hardly does any recruiting for " -"film projects because the talent emerges naturally,</quote> Francesco " -"said. <quote>So many people want to work with us, and we can’t always hire " -"them because of budget constraints.</quote>" +"complex, combining technical experts and artists who focus on storytelling. " +"Francesco says the process is almost on an industrial scale because of the " +"number of moving parts. This requires a lot of specialized assistance, but " +"the Blender Institute has no problem finding the talent it needs to help on " +"projects. <quote>Blender hardly does any recruiting for film projects " +"because the talent emerges naturally,</quote> Francesco said. <quote>So many " +"people want to work with us, and we can’t always hire them because of budget " +"constraints.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5069,7 +5092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5080,7 +5103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5097,7 +5120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5106,7 +5129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5117,16 +5140,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " -"the software and the content produced with the software free and " -"open. Selling a license has never been part of the business model." +"the software and the content produced with the software free and open. " +"Selling a license has never been part of the business model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5138,67 +5161,67 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " -"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a " -"product. We sell it for money. Then we spend less money than we " -"make,</quote> Max said." +"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " +"We sell it for money. Then we spend less money than we make,</quote> Max " +"said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " -"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or " -"fill-in-the-blank statement from a black card, and the other players submit " -"their funniest white card in response. The catch is that all of the cards " -"are filled with crude, gruesome, and otherwise awful things. For the right " -"kind of people (<quote>horrible people,</quote> according to Cards Against " +"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" +"the-blank statement from a black card, and the other players submit their " +"funniest white card in response. The catch is that all of the cards are " +"filled with crude, gruesome, and otherwise awful things. For the right kind " +"of people (<quote>horrible people,</quote> according to Cards Against " "Humanity advertising), this makes for a hilarious and fun game." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5208,7 +5231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5217,7 +5240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5227,7 +5250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5235,7 +5258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5250,25 +5273,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" -"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over " -"time. Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to " -"make it an ongoing business. <quote>It kind of just happened,</quote> he " -"said." +"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " +"Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " +"it an ongoing business. <quote>It kind of just happened,</quote> he said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" -"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing " -"genius. Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent " -"and memorable. It is hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their " +"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " +"Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " +"memorable. It is hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their " "website <quote>Your dumb questions.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5284,7 +5306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5292,7 +5314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5301,18 +5323,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " -"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the " -"joke.</quote> One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity $5 event, " -"where people literally paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans " -"wanted to make the joke funnier by making it successful. They made $70,000 " -"in a single day." +"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." +"</quote> One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity $5 event, where " +"people literally paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans wanted to " +"make the joke funnier by making it successful. They made $70,000 in a single " +"day." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5320,14 +5342,14 @@ msgid "" "Against Humanity obviously isn’t afraid of doing the unexpected, but there " "are lines even they do not want to cross. Before applying the license, Max " "said they worried that some fans would adapt the game to include all of the " -"jokes they intentionally never made because they crossed that " -"line. <quote>It happened, and the world didn’t end,</quote> Max " -"said. <quote>If that is the worst cost of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred " -"times over because there are so many benefits.</quote>" +"jokes they intentionally never made because they crossed that line. " +"<quote>It happened, and the world didn’t end,</quote> Max said. <quote>If " +"that is the worst cost of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times over " +"because there are so many benefits.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5337,7 +5359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5346,7 +5368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5361,7 +5383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5369,12 +5391,12 @@ msgid "" "eight creators invest an incredible amount of work into creating new cards " "for the game. <quote>We have daylong arguments about commas,</quote> Max " "said. <quote>The slacker tone of the cards gives people the impression that " -"it is easy to write them, but it is actually a lot of work and " -"quibbling.</quote>" +"it is easy to write them, but it is actually a lot of work and quibbling.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5387,17 +5409,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " "the Walt Disney philosophy of financial success. <quote>We don’t make jokes " -"and games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and " -"games,</quote> he said." +"and games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and games,</" +"quote> he said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5408,7 +5430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5418,34 +5440,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" -"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC " -"licensing,</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of " -"money, then CC is not best strategy. This kind of business model, though, " -"speaks to your values, and who you are and why you’re making things.</quote>" +"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," +"</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " +"CC is not best strategy. This kind of business model, though, speaks to your " +"values, and who you are and why you’re making things.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " -"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the " -"Internet. Founded in 2011 in Australia." +"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " +"Founded in 2011 in Australia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5453,24 +5475,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " "Australia. He experienced firsthand the decline of newspapers, including the " -"collapse of revenues, layoffs, and the constant pressure to reduce " -"costs. After he left the Age in 2005, his concern for the future journalism " -"didn’t go away. Andrew made a commitment to come up with an alternative " -"model." +"collapse of revenues, layoffs, and the constant pressure to reduce costs. " +"After he left the Age in 2005, his concern for the future journalism didn’t " +"go away. Andrew made a commitment to come up with an alternative model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5480,29 +5502,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " "astrophysicist, a Nobel laureate, earth scientists, economists . . . These " "were the kind of smart people he wished were more involved in informing the " -"world about what is going on and correcting the errors that appear in " -"media. However, they were reluctant to engage with mass media. Often, " -"journalists didn’t understand what they said, or unilaterally chose what " -"aspect of a story to tell, putting out a version that these people felt was " -"wrong or mischaracterized. Newspapers want to attract a mass " -"audience. Scholars want to communicate serious news, findings, and " -"insights. It’s not a perfect match. Universities are massive repositories of " -"knowledge, research, wisdom, and expertise. But a lot of that stays behind a " -"wall of their own making—there are the walled garden and ivory tower " -"metaphors, and in more literal terms, the paywall. Broadly speaking, " -"universities are part of society but disconnected from it. They are an " -"enormous public resource but not that good at presenting their expertise to " -"the wider public." +"world about what is going on and correcting the errors that appear in media. " +"However, they were reluctant to engage with mass media. Often, journalists " +"didn’t understand what they said, or unilaterally chose what aspect of a " +"story to tell, putting out a version that these people felt was wrong or " +"mischaracterized. Newspapers want to attract a mass audience. Scholars want " +"to communicate serious news, findings, and insights. It’s not a perfect " +"match. Universities are massive repositories of knowledge, research, wisdom, " +"and expertise. But a lot of that stays behind a wall of their own making—" +"there are the walled garden and ivory tower metaphors, and in more literal " +"terms, the paywall. Broadly speaking, universities are part of society but " +"disconnected from it. They are an enormous public resource but not that good " +"at presenting their expertise to the wider public." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5511,13 +5532,13 @@ msgid "" "captions, and quotes. The editors could help turn something that is " "academic into something understandable and readable. And this would be a key " "difference from traditional journalism—the subject matter expert would get a " -"chance to check the article and give final approval before it is " -"published. Compare this with reporters just picking and choosing the quotes " -"and writing whatever they want." +"chance to check the article and give final approval before it is published. " +"Compare this with reporters just picking and choosing the quotes and writing " +"whatever they want." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5531,25 +5552,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " -"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative " -"journalism. The Conversation’s aim is for people to have a better " -"understanding of current affairs and complex issues—and hopefully a better " -"quality of public discourse. The Conversation sees itself as a source of " -"trusted information dedicated to the public good. Their core mission is " -"simple: to provide readers with a reliable source of evidence-based " -"information." +"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " +"The Conversation’s aim is for people to have a better understanding of " +"current affairs and complex issues—and hopefully a better quality of public " +"discourse. The Conversation sees itself as a source of trusted information " +"dedicated to the public good. Their core mission is simple: to provide " +"readers with a reliable source of evidence-based information." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5566,21 +5586,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " "others to republish elsewhere as long as attribution is given and the " "content is not edited. Over five years, more than twenty-two thousand sites " "have republished their content. The Conversation website gets about 2.9 " -"million unique views per month, but through republication they have " -"thirty-five million readers. This couldn’t have been done without the " -"Creative Commons license, and in Andrew’s view, Creative Commons is central " -"to everything the Conversation does." +"million unique views per month, but through republication they have thirty-" +"five million readers. This couldn’t have been done without the Creative " +"Commons license, and in Andrew’s view, Creative Commons is central to " +"everything the Conversation does." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5590,7 +5610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5601,7 +5621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5613,7 +5633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5624,17 +5644,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " -"website, paying university members are listed as <quote>members and " -"funders.</quote> Early participants may be designated as <quote>founding " -"members,</quote> with seats on the editorial advisory board." +"website, paying university members are listed as <quote>members and funders." +"</quote> Early participants may be designated as <quote>founding members,</" +"quote> with seats on the editorial advisory board." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5646,7 +5666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5656,7 +5676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5664,7 +5684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5674,38 +5694,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" -"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink " -"url=\"http://boingboing.net\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" +"\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5716,7 +5736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5724,7 +5744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5732,12 +5752,11 @@ msgid "" "coeditor of the popular CC-licensed site Boing Boing, where he writes about " "technology, politics, and intellectual property. He has also written several " "nonfiction books, including the most recent Information Doesn’t Want to Be " -"Free, about the ways in which creators can make a living in the Internet " -"age." +"Free, about the ways in which creators can make a living in the Internet age." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5745,7 +5764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5763,7 +5782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5772,14 +5791,14 @@ msgid "" "lottery tickets because you want to get rich,</quote> he wrote. <quote>It " "might work, but it almost certainly won’t. Though, of course, someone always " "wins the lottery.</quote> He acknowledges that he is one of the lucky few to " -"<quote>make it,</quote> but he says he would be writing no matter " -"what. <quote>I am compelled to write,</quote> he wrote. <quote>Long before " -"I wrote to keep myself fed and sheltered, I was writing to keep myself " -"sane.</quote>" +"<quote>make it,</quote> but he says he would be writing no matter what. " +"<quote>I am compelled to write,</quote> he wrote. <quote>Long before I " +"wrote to keep myself fed and sheltered, I was writing to keep myself sane.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5791,7 +5810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5803,7 +5822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5813,12 +5832,12 @@ msgid "" "relationship between having enthusiastic readers and having a successful " "career as a writer,</quote> he said. <quote>At the time, it took eighty " "hours to OCR a book, which is a big effort. I decided to spare them the time " -"and energy, and give them the book for free in a format destined to " -"spread.</quote>" +"and energy, and give them the book for free in a format destined to spread.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5828,7 +5847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5838,7 +5857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5846,16 +5865,16 @@ msgid "" "they interact with it,</quote> he said. Cory’s own website routinely " "highlights cool things his audience has done with his work. Unlike " "corporations like Disney that tend to have a hands-off relationship with " -"their fan activity, he has a symbiotic relationship with his " -"audience. <quote>Engaging with your audience can’t guarantee you " -"success,</quote> he said. <quote>And Disney is an example of being able to " -"remain aloof and still being the most successful company in the creative " -"industry in history. But I figure my likelihood of being Disney is pretty " -"slim, so I should take all the help I can get.</quote>" +"their fan activity, he has a symbiotic relationship with his audience. " +"<quote>Engaging with your audience can’t guarantee you success,</quote> he " +"said. <quote>And Disney is an example of being able to remain aloof and " +"still being the most successful company in the creative industry in history. " +"But I figure my likelihood of being Disney is pretty slim, so I should take " +"all the help I can get.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5871,7 +5890,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5887,20 +5906,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " -"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the " -"practice—for similar reasons. DRM has the effect of tying a work to a " -"particular platform. This digital lock, in turn, strips the authors of " -"control over their own work and hands that control over to the platform. He " -"calls it Cory’s First Law: <quote>Anytime someone puts a lock on something " -"that belongs to you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for " -"your benefit.</quote>" +"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" +"for similar reasons. DRM has the effect of tying a work to a particular " +"platform. This digital lock, in turn, strips the authors of control over " +"their own work and hands that control over to the platform. He calls it " +"Cory’s First Law: <quote>Anytime someone puts a lock on something that " +"belongs to you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for your " +"benefit.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5913,7 +5932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5926,20 +5945,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " "does this is by personally answering every single email he gets. <quote>If " -"you look at the history of artists, most die in penury,</quote> he " -"said. <quote>That reality means that for artists, we have to find ways to " -"support ourselves when public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing. " -"Future-proofing your artistic career in many ways means figuring out how to " -"stay connected to those people who have been touched by your work.</quote>" +"you look at the history of artists, most die in penury,</quote> he said. " +"<quote>That reality means that for artists, we have to find ways to support " +"ourselves when public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing. Future-" +"proofing your artistic career in many ways means figuring out how to stay " +"connected to those people who have been touched by your work.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -5949,17 +5968,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -5967,42 +5986,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " "research. Figshare is a repository where users can make all the output of " -"their research available—from posters and presentations to data sets and " -"code—in a way that’s easy to discover, cite, and share. Users can upload any " +"their research available—from posters and presentations to data sets and code" +"—in a way that’s easy to discover, cite, and share. Users can upload any " "file format, which can then be previewed in a Web browser. Research output " "is disseminated in a way that the current scholarly-publishing model does " "not allow." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6010,7 +6029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6021,7 +6040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6030,7 +6049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6038,7 +6057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6049,26 +6068,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" -"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and " -"open-science communities were already using and recommending Creative " -"Commons. Based on what was happening in those communities and Mark’s " -"dialogue with peers, he went with CC0 (in the public domain) for data sets " -"and CC BY (Attribution) for figures, videos, and data sets." +"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" +"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " +"Based on what was happening in those communities and Mark’s dialogue with " +"peers, he went with CC0 (in the public domain) for data sets and CC BY " +"(Attribution) for figures, videos, and data sets." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " -"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data " -"open. People started commenting on his blog that they wanted to do the " -"same. So he opened it up for them to use, too." +"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " +"People started commenting on his blog that they wanted to do the same. So he " +"opened it up for them to use, too." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6078,7 +6097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6087,7 +6106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6100,7 +6119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6112,23 +6131,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" -"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for " -"journals. Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ " -"online articles. This additional data improved the quality of the " -"articles. Outsourcing this service to Figshare freed publishers from having " -"to develop this functionality as part of their own " -"infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data also provides a link back to the " -"article, generating additional click-through and readership—a benefit to " -"both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides " -"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " -"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " -"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data." +"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " +"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " +"articles. This additional data improved the quality of the articles. " +"Outsourcing this service to Figshare freed publishers from having to develop " +"this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data " +"also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-" +"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and " +"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide " +"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and " +"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons " +"licenses for the data." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6140,7 +6159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6152,7 +6171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6161,12 +6180,12 @@ msgid "" "research accessible to all. Publishing research in this open way has come to " "be called open access. But not all funders specify CC BY; some institutions " "want to offer their researchers a choice, including less permissive licenses " -"like CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial), CC BY-SA " -"(Attribution-ShareAlike), or CC BY-ND (Attribution-NoDerivs)." +"like CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial), CC BY-SA (Attribution-" +"ShareAlike), or CC BY-ND (Attribution-NoDerivs)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6178,7 +6197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6189,67 +6208,67 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" +"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" +"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " -"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other " -"applications. As an example, Mark shared a Figshare data set showing the " -"journal subscriptions that higher-education institutions in the United " -"Kingdom paid to ten major publishers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Figshare’s API enables that data to be pulled into an app " -"developed by a completely different researcher that converts the data into a " -"visually interesting graph, which any viewer can alter by changing any of " -"the variables.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " +"As an example, Mark shared a Figshare data set showing the journal " +"subscriptions that higher-education institutions in the United Kingdom paid " +"to ten major publishers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Figshare’s " +"API enables that data to be pulled into an app developed by a completely " +"different researcher that converts the data into a visually interesting " +"graph, which any viewer can alter by changing any of the variables." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " "Figshare. To amplify and reward the community, Figshare established an " -"Advisor program, providing those who promoted Figshare with hoodies and " -"T-shirts, early access to new features, and travel expenses when they gave " +"Advisor program, providing those who promoted Figshare with hoodies and T-" +"shirts, early access to new features, and travel expenses when they gave " "presentations outside of their area. These Advisors also helped Mark on what " "license to use for software code and whether to offer universities an option " "of using Creative Commons licenses." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " "time has been key to success. Figshare now offers a comprehensive set of " -"services to researchers, publishers, and institutions.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If he had relied solely on revenue from premium " +"services to researchers, publishers, and institutions.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If he had relied solely on revenue from premium " "subscriptions, he believes Figshare would have struggled. In Figshare’s " -"early days, their primary users were early-career and late-career " -"academics. It has only been because funders mandated open licensing that " -"Figshare is now being used by the mainstream." +"early days, their primary users were early-career and late-career academics. " +"It has only been because funders mandated open licensing that Figshare is " +"now being used by the mainstream." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6259,28 +6278,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " "researchers for free. Figshare has publicly stuck to its principles—keeping " -"the free service free and requiring the use of CC BY and CC0 from the " -"start—and from Mark’s perspective, this is why people trust Figshare. Mark " -"sees new competitors coming forward who are just in it for money. If " -"Figshare was only in it for the money, they wouldn’t care about offering a " -"free version. Figshare’s principles and advocacy for openness are a key " -"differentiator. Going forward, Mark sees Figshare not only as supporting " -"open access to research but also enabling people to collaborate and make new " -"discoveries." +"the free service free and requiring the use of CC BY and CC0 from the start—" +"and from Mark’s perspective, this is why people trust Figshare. Mark sees " +"new competitors coming forward who are just in it for money. If Figshare was " +"only in it for the money, they wouldn’t care about offering a free version. " +"Figshare’s principles and advocacy for openness are a key differentiator. " +"Going forward, Mark sees Figshare not only as supporting open access to " +"research but also enabling people to collaborate and make new discoveries." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6288,57 +6306,58 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" +"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " -"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace said there are thousands of " -"valuable and relevant data sets freely available to us right now, but most " -"people don’t use them. She used to think this meant people didn’t care about " -"being informed, but she’s come to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone " -"wants to be informed about issues that matter—not only to them, but also to " -"their families, their communities, their businesses, and their country. But " +"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace said there are thousands of valuable " +"and relevant data sets freely available to us right now, but most people " +"don’t use them. She used to think this meant people didn’t care about being " +"informed, but she’s come to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to " +"be informed about issues that matter—not only to them, but also to their " +"families, their communities, their businesses, and their country. But " "there’s a big difference between availability and accessibility of " "information. Data is spread across thousands of sites and is held within " -"databases and spreadsheets that require both time and skill to engage " -"with. To use data when making a decision, you have to know what specific " -"question to ask, identify a source that has collected the data, and " -"manipulate complex tools to extract and visualize the information within the " -"data set. Lillian established Figure.NZ to make data truly accessible to " -"all, with a specific focus on New Zealand." +"databases and spreadsheets that require both time and skill to engage with. " +"To use data when making a decision, you have to know what specific question " +"to ask, identify a source that has collected the data, and manipulate " +"complex tools to extract and visualize the information within the data set. " +"Lillian established Figure.NZ to make data truly accessible to all, with a " +"specific focus on New Zealand." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6351,7 +6370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6366,7 +6385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6384,14 +6403,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" +"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6409,7 +6428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6424,7 +6443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6444,7 +6463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6453,7 +6472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6470,7 +6489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6485,12 +6504,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6500,12 +6519,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6514,7 +6533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6523,7 +6542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6537,7 +6556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6549,7 +6568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6558,14 +6577,13 @@ msgid "" "through email for them to share data for a specific topic—for example, can " "you share data for water quality? If they have the data, they respond " "quickly; if they don’t, they try and identify the organizations that would " -"have that data and forge a relationship so they can be included on " -"Figure.NZ’s site. Overall, Figure.NZ is seeking to provide a place for " -"people to be curious about, access, and interpret data on topics they are " -"interested in." +"have that data and forge a relationship so they can be included on Figure." +"NZ’s site. Overall, Figure.NZ is seeking to provide a place for people to be " +"curious about, access, and interpret data on topics they are interested in." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6576,7 +6594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6584,7 +6602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6592,7 +6610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6605,7 +6623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6614,19 +6632,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " "society. A means of engaging in conversation and shaping decision making " "that transcends personal experience. The long-term value and impact is " "almost impossible to measure, but the goal is to help citizens gain " -"understanding and work together in more informed ways to shape the " -"future.</quote>" +"understanding and work together in more informed ways to shape the future.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6636,42 +6654,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " -"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access " -"books. Founded in 2012 in the UK." +"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " +"Founded in 2012 in the UK." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6688,7 +6707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6697,7 +6716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6706,58 +6725,57 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " "the launch, Frances convinced Bloomsbury to differentiate themselves by " -"putting out monographs for free online under a Creative Commons license " -"(BY-NC or BY-NC-ND, i.e., Attribution-NonCommercial or " -"Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs). This was seen as risky, as the biggest " -"cost for publishers is getting a book to the stage where it can be " -"printed. If everyone read the online book for free, there would be no " -"print-book sales at all, and the costs associated with getting the book to " -"print would be lost. Surprisingly, Bloomsbury found that sales of the print " -"versions of these books were 10 to 20 percent higher than normal. Frances " -"found it intriguing that the Creative Commons–licensed free online book acts " -"as a marketing vehicle for the print format." +"putting out monographs for free online under a Creative Commons license (BY-" +"NC or BY-NC-ND, i.e., Attribution-NonCommercial or Attribution-NonCommercial-" +"NoDerivs). This was seen as risky, as the biggest cost for publishers is " +"getting a book to the stage where it can be printed. If everyone read the " +"online book for free, there would be no print-book sales at all, and the " +"costs associated with getting the book to print would be lost. " +"Surprisingly, Bloomsbury found that sales of the print versions of these " +"books were 10 to 20 percent higher than normal. Frances found it intriguing " +"that the Creative Commons–licensed free online book acts as a marketing " +"vehicle for the print format." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " "printed book, and 3) a digital version of the book on an aggregator platform " -"with enhanced features. She thought of this as the <quote>ice cream " -"model</quote>: the free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an " -"ice cream cone, and the enhanced e-book was an ice cream sundae." +"with enhanced features. She thought of this as the <quote>ice cream model</" +"quote>: the free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an ice " +"cream cone, and the enhanced e-book was an ice cream sundae." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " "ready be printed, in other words, cover the fixed costs of getting to the " "first digital copy? Then you could either bring down the cost of the printed " -"book, or do a whole bunch of interesting things with the printed book and " -"e-book—the ice cream cone or sundae part of the model." +"book, or do a whole bunch of interesting things with the printed book and e-" +"book—the ice cream cone or sundae part of the model." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " -"imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs—a " -"<quote>book-processing charge</quote>—and providing everyone in the world " -"with an open-access version of the books released under a Creative Commons " -"license." +"imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs—a <quote>book-" +"processing charge</quote>—and providing everyone in the world with an open-" +"access version of the books released under a Creative Commons license." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6770,35 +6788,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6807,7 +6825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6815,21 +6833,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " -"contribution to the Title Fee and incentivizes membership.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"contribution to the Title Fee and incentivizes membership.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6841,14 +6859,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" +"availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6862,7 +6880,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6875,7 +6893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6891,7 +6909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6899,7 +6917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6911,7 +6929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6919,7 +6937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6927,24 +6945,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " -"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 " -"range. Monographs typically don’t sell a lot of copies. A publisher who in " -"the past sold three thousand copies now typically sells only three " -"hundred. That makes unlatching monographs a low risk for publishers. For the " -"first round, it took five months to get thirteen publishers. For the second " -"round, it took one month to get twenty-six." +"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " +"Monographs typically don’t sell a lot of copies. A publisher who in the past " +"sold three thousand copies now typically sells only three hundred. That " +"makes unlatching monographs a low risk for publishers. For the first round, " +"it took five months to get thirteen publishers. For the second round, it " +"took one month to get twenty-six." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 -msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 +msgid "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6952,12 +6971,12 @@ msgid "" "increases their reputation. Open access through unlatching generates many " "more downloads and therefore awareness. (On the Knowledge Unlatched website, " "you can find interviews with the twenty-eight round-one authors describing " -"their experience and the benefits of taking part.)<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"their experience and the benefits of taking part.)<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -6969,7 +6988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -6979,7 +6998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -6993,27 +7012,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" -"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by " -"grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is " -"sustainable. Libraries and publishers will each pay a 7.5 percent service " -"charge that will go toward Knowledge Unlatched’s running costs. With plans " -"to scale up in future rounds, Frances figures they can fully recover costs " -"when they are unlatching two hundred books at a time. Moving forward, " -"Knowledge Unlatched is making investments in technology and " -"processes. Future plans include unlatching journals and older books." +"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " +"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " +"Libraries and publishers will each pay a 7.5 percent service charge that " +"will go toward Knowledge Unlatched’s running costs. With plans to scale up " +"in future rounds, Frances figures they can fully recover costs when they are " +"unlatching two hundred books at a time. Moving forward, Knowledge Unlatched " +"is making investments in technology and processes. Future plans include " +"unlatching journals and older books." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7026,72 +7045,72 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 -msgid "" -"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and " -"education-technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to " -"improving student success, bringing new ideas to pedagogy, and making " -"education more affordable by facilitating adoption of open educational " -"resources. In 2012, David and Kim partnered on a grant-funded project called " -"the Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> It involved a set of fully open general-education courses across " -"eight colleges predominantly serving at-risk students, with goals to " -"dramatically reduce textbook costs and collaborate to improve the courses to " -"help students succeed. David and Kim exceeded those goals: the cost of the " -"required textbooks, replaced with OER, decreased to zero dollars, and " -"average student-success rates improved by 5 to 10 percent when compared with " -"previous years. After a second round of funding, a total of more than " -"twenty-five institutions participated in and benefited from this project. It " -"was career changing for David and Kim to see the impact this initiative had " -"on low-income students. David and Kim sought further funding from the Bill " -"and Melinda Gates Foundation, who asked them to define a plan to scale their " +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 +msgid "" +"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" +"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " +"student success, bringing new ideas to pedagogy, and making education more " +"affordable by facilitating adoption of open educational resources. In 2012, " +"David and Kim partnered on a grant-funded project called the Kaleidoscope " +"Open Course Initiative.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It involved " +"a set of fully open general-education courses across eight colleges " +"predominantly serving at-risk students, with goals to dramatically reduce " +"textbook costs and collaborate to improve the courses to help students " +"succeed. David and Kim exceeded those goals: the cost of the required " +"textbooks, replaced with OER, decreased to zero dollars, and average student-" +"success rates improved by 5 to 10 percent when compared with previous years. " +"After a second round of funding, a total of more than twenty-five " +"institutions participated in and benefited from this project. It was career " +"changing for David and Kim to see the impact this initiative had on low-" +"income students. David and Kim sought further funding from the Bill and " +"Melinda Gates Foundation, who asked them to define a plan to scale their " "work in a financially sustainable way. That is when they decided to create " "Lumen Learning." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7103,7 +7122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7114,7 +7133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7124,49 +7143,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " "patterns emerged which allowed them to generalize a set of approaches and " "offerings. Today they don’t customize as much as they used to, and instead " -"they tend to work with customers who can use their off-the-shelf " -"options. Lumen finds that institutions and faculty are generally very good " -"at seeing the value Lumen brings and are willing to pay for it. Serving " -"disadvantaged learner populations has led Lumen to be very pragmatic; they " -"describe what they offer in quantitative terms—with facts and figures—and in " -"a way that is very student-focused. Lumen Learning helps colleges and " -"universities—" +"they tend to work with customers who can use their off-the-shelf options. " +"Lumen finds that institutions and faculty are generally very good at seeing " +"the value Lumen brings and are willing to pay for it. Serving disadvantaged " +"learner populations has led Lumen to be very pragmatic; they describe what " +"they offer in quantitative terms—with facts and figures—and in a way that is " +"very student-focused. Lumen Learning helps colleges and universities—" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7176,7 +7194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7186,17 +7204,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " "and assessments, and helps instructors find and support the students who " -"need it most. Waymaker courses cost twenty-five dollars per enrolled " -"student." +"need it most. Waymaker courses cost twenty-five dollars per enrolled student." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7207,7 +7224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7219,13 +7236,13 @@ msgid "" "those who paid. Right from the start, their stance was that they would not " "put their content behind a paywall. Lumen invests zero dollars in " "technologies and processes for restricting access—no digital rights " -"management, no time bombs. While this has been a challenge from a " -"business-model perspective, from an open-access perspective, it has " -"generated immense goodwill in the community." +"management, no time bombs. While this has been a challenge from a business-" +"model perspective, from an open-access perspective, it has generated immense " +"goodwill in the community." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7238,7 +7255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7251,7 +7268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7261,20 +7278,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " -"another. Some are licensed as Attribution (CC BY), others as " -"Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA). If this information is put within the " -"text of the course, faculty members sometimes try to edit it and students " -"find it a distraction. Lumen dealt with this challenge by capturing the " -"license and attribution information as metadata, and getting it to show up " -"at the end of each page." +"another. Some are licensed as Attribution (CC BY), others as Attribution-" +"ShareAlike (CC BY-SA). If this information is put within the text of the " +"course, faculty members sometimes try to edit it and students find it a " +"distraction. Lumen dealt with this challenge by capturing the license and " +"attribution information as metadata, and getting it to show up at the end of " +"each page." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7284,22 +7301,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " "regions of the United States, watching out for things happening at the " "system level in a way that fits with what Lumen offers. A great example is " -"the Virginia community college system, which is building out " -"Z-Degrees. David and Kim say there are nine other U.S. states with similar " -"system-level activity where Lumen is strategically focusing its " -"efforts. Where there are projects that would require a lot of resources on " -"Lumen’s part, they prioritize the ones that would impact the largest number " -"of students." +"the Virginia community college system, which is building out Z-Degrees. " +"David and Kim say there are nine other U.S. states with similar system-level " +"activity where Lumen is strategically focusing its efforts. Where there are " +"projects that would require a lot of resources on Lumen’s part, they " +"prioritize the ones that would impact the largest number of students." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7311,7 +7327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7323,7 +7339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7334,7 +7350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7347,7 +7363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7358,7 +7374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7367,21 +7383,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " -"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than " -"seventy-five thousand student enrollments. Lumen received early start-up " -"funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Hewlett Foundation, " -"and the Shuttleworth Foundation. Since then, Lumen has also attracted " -"investment funding. Over the last three years, Lumen has been roughly 60 " -"percent grant funded, 20 percent revenue earned, and 20 percent funded with " -"angel capital. Going forward, their strategy is to replace grant funding " -"with revenue." +"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" +"five thousand student enrollments. Lumen received early start-up funding " +"from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Hewlett Foundation, and the " +"Shuttleworth Foundation. Since then, Lumen has also attracted investment " +"funding. Over the last three years, Lumen has been roughly 60 percent grant " +"funded, 20 percent revenue earned, and 20 percent funded with angel capital. " +"Going forward, their strategy is to replace grant funding with revenue." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7393,26 +7408,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" -"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink " -"url=\"http://jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" +"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7420,26 +7435,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" -"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as " -"<quote>hustling</quote>—seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make " -"money. The bulk of his income comes from writing songs under commission for " -"people and companies, but he has a wide variety of income sources. He has " -"supporters on the crowdfunding site Patreon. He gets advertising revenue " -"from YouTube and Bandcamp, where he posts all of his music. He gives paid " -"speaking engagements about creativity and motivation. He has been hired by " -"major conferences to write songs summarizing what speakers have said in the " +"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" +"seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " +"income comes from writing songs under commission for people and companies, " +"but he has a wide variety of income sources. He has supporters on the " +"crowdfunding site Patreon. He gets advertising revenue from YouTube and " +"Bandcamp, where he posts all of his music. He gives paid speaking " +"engagements about creativity and motivation. He has been hired by major " +"conferences to write songs summarizing what speakers have said in the " "conference sessions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7452,7 +7467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7461,7 +7476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7473,14 +7488,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " "written and posted a new song literally every day, seven days a week, since " "he began the project in 2009. When he isn’t writing songs that he is hired " -"to write by clients, he writes songs about whatever is on his mind that " -"day. His songs are catchy and mostly lighthearted, but they often contain at " +"to write by clients, he writes songs about whatever is on his mind that day. " +"His songs are catchy and mostly lighthearted, but they often contain at " "least an undercurrent of a deeper theme or meaning. Occasionally, they are " "extremely personal, like the song he cowrote with his exgirlfriend " "announcing their breakup. Rain or shine, in sickness or health, Jonathan " @@ -7490,7 +7505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7501,7 +7516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7512,18 +7527,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " "discovered the option. <quote>CC seems like such a no-brainer,</quote> " -"Jonathan said. <quote>I don’t understand how anything else would make " -"sense. It seems like such an obvious thing that you would want your work to " -"be able to be shared.</quote>" +"Jonathan said. <quote>I don’t understand how anything else would make sense. " +"It seems like such an obvious thing that you would want your work to be able " +"to be shared.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7535,17 +7550,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " "build community. <quote>There is all of this conventional wisdom about how " -"to build an audience online, and I generally think I don’t do any of " -"that,</quote> Jonathan said." +"to build an audience online, and I generally think I don’t do any of that,</" +"quote> Jonathan said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7557,21 +7572,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" -"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those " -"skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift " -"for distilling complicated subjects into simple concepts and putting them to " +"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " +"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " +"distilling complicated subjects into simple concepts and putting them to " "music. In his song <quote>How to Choose a Master Password,</quote> Jonathan " -"explained the process of creating a secure password in a silly, simple " -"song. He was hired to write the song by a client who handed him a long " -"technical blog post from which to draw the information. Like a good (and " -"rare) journalist, he translated the technical concepts into something " +"explained the process of creating a secure password in a silly, simple song. " +"He was hired to write the song by a client who handed him a long technical " +"blog post from which to draw the information. Like a good (and rare) " +"journalist, he translated the technical concepts into something " "understandable." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7588,7 +7603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7597,32 +7612,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " "fundamentally does not believe in, and there are times he has turned down " -"jobs on principle. He also won’t stray too much from his natural " -"style. <quote>My style is silly, so I can’t really accommodate people who " -"want something super serious,</quote> Jonathan said. <quote>I do what I do " -"very easily, and it’s part of who I am.</quote> Jonathan hasn’t gotten into " +"jobs on principle. He also won’t stray too much from his natural style. " +"<quote>My style is silly, so I can’t really accommodate people who want " +"something super serious,</quote> Jonathan said. <quote>I do what I do very " +"easily, and it’s part of who I am.</quote> Jonathan hasn’t gotten into " "writing commercials for the same reasons; he is best at using his own unique " "style rather than mimicking others." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" -"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and " -"grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in " -"books like the best-seller The Creative Habit by Twyla Tharp, routinely " -"emphasizes the importance of ritual and action. No amount of planning can " -"replace the value of simple practice and just doing. Jonathan Mann’s work is " -"a living embodiment of these principles." +"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " +"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " +"like the best-seller The Creative Habit by Twyla Tharp, routinely emphasizes " +"the importance of ritual and action. No amount of planning can replace the " +"value of simple practice and just doing. Jonathan Mann’s work is a living " +"embodiment of these principles." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7632,7 +7647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7642,7 +7657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7650,12 +7665,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7663,29 +7678,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7693,7 +7709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7704,7 +7720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7714,7 +7730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7724,48 +7740,47 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" +"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " "launched the Noun Project with a Kickstarter campaign, back when Kickstarter " "was in its infancy.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They thought " -"it’d be a good way to introduce the global web community to their " -"idea. Their goal was to raise $1,500, but in twenty days they got over " -"$14,000. They realized their idea had the potential to be something much " -"bigger." +"it’d be a good way to introduce the global web community to their idea. " +"Their goal was to raise $1,500, but in twenty days they got over $14,000. " +"They realized their idea had the potential to be something much bigger." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " "process he describes as a relatively easy sell. Lots of designers have old " -"drawings just gathering <quote>digital dust</quote> on their hard " -"drives. It’s easy to convince them to finally share them with the world." +"drawings just gathering <quote>digital dust</quote> on their hard drives. " +"It’s easy to convince them to finally share them with the world." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " -"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s " -"quality-review process means that only the best works become part of its " -"collection. They make sure to provide encouraging, constructive feedback " -"whenever they reject a piece of work, which maintains and builds the " -"relationship they have with their global community of designers." +"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" +"review process means that only the best works become part of its collection. " +"They make sure to provide encouraging, constructive feedback whenever they " +"reject a piece of work, which maintains and builds the relationship they " +"have with their global community of designers." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7774,7 +7789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7789,7 +7804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7802,7 +7817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7812,7 +7827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7821,14 +7836,14 @@ msgid "" "users didn’t like these hard-count options. They preferred to try out many " "similar icons to see which worked best before eventually choosing the one " "they wanted to use. So the Noun Project moved to an unlimited model, whereby " -"users have unlimited access to the whole library for a flat monthly " -"fee. This service is called NounPro and costs $9.99 per month. Edward says " -"this model is working well—good for customers, good for creators, and good " -"for the platform." +"users have unlimited access to the whole library for a flat monthly fee. " +"This service is called NounPro and costs $9.99 per month. Edward says this " +"model is working well—good for customers, good for creators, and good for " +"the platform." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7843,15 +7858,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" -"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For " -"one-off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " +"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" +"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " "percent to Noun Project." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7864,12 +7879,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 -msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 +msgid "" +"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7878,7 +7895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7887,7 +7904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7902,7 +7919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7912,7 +7929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -7921,7 +7938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7932,16 +7949,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " -"genuine and has generated a lot of their initial traction and " -"credibility. CC comes with a built-in community of users and fans." +"genuine and has generated a lot of their initial traction and credibility. " +"CC comes with a built-in community of users and fans." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -7953,7 +7970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7962,7 +7979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -7974,7 +7991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -7986,12 +8003,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -7999,34 +8016,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" -"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the " -"London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " +"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" +"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " "consulting services, and research. For ODI, Creative Commons licenses are " "central to making their own business model and their customers’ open. CC BY " "(Attribution), CC BY-SA (Attribution-ShareAlike), and CC0 (placed in the " @@ -8035,21 +8052,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" -"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of " -"society. Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight " -"time data from airplane companies helps us plan our travel, data on local " -"housing informs city planning. When this data is not only accurate and " -"timely, but open and accessible, it opens up new possibilities. Open data " -"can be a resource businesses use to build new products and services. It can " -"help governments measure progress, improve efficiency, and target " -"investments. It can help citizens improve their lives by better " -"understanding what is happening around them." +"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " +"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " +"from airplane companies helps us plan our travel, data on local housing " +"informs city planning. When this data is not only accurate and timely, but " +"open and accessible, it opens up new possibilities. Open data can be a " +"resource businesses use to build new products and services. It can help " +"governments measure progress, improve efficiency, and target investments. It " +"can help citizens improve their lives by better understanding what is " +"happening around them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8059,50 +8076,49 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." +"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" -"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " "this way: <quote>There is a whole ecosystem of open—open-source software, " "open government, open-access research—and a whole ecosystem of data. ODI’s " -"work cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they overlap—with open " -"data.</quote> ODI’s particular focus is to show open data’s potential for " -"revenue." +"work cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they overlap—with open data." +"</quote> ODI’s particular focus is to show open data’s potential for revenue." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8112,7 +8128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8122,7 +8138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8132,34 +8148,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " -"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to " -"£100. Members receive a newsletter and related communications and a discount " -"on ODI training courses and the annual summit, and they can display an " -"ODI-supporter badge on their website. Commercial membership is divided into " -"two tiers: small to medium size enterprises and nonprofits at £720 a year, " -"and corporations and government organizations at £2,200 a year. Commercial " +"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " +"Members receive a newsletter and related communications and a discount on " +"ODI training courses and the annual summit, and they can display an ODI-" +"supporter badge on their website. Commercial membership is divided into two " +"tiers: small to medium size enterprises and nonprofits at £720 a year, and " +"corporations and government organizations at £2,200 a year. Commercial " "members have greater opportunities to connect and collaborate, explore the " "benefits of open data, and unlock new business opportunities. (All members " "are listed on their website.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8174,18 +8190,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" -"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more " -"demand. Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship " -"with an organization. The training program is based on a definition of " -"open-data knowledge as applicable to the organization and on the skills " -"needed by their high-level executives, management, and technical staff. The " -"training tends to generate high interest and commitment." +"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " +"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " +"organization. The training program is based on a definition of open-data " +"knowledge as applicable to the organization and on the skills needed by " +"their high-level executives, management, and technical staff. The training " +"tends to generate high interest and commitment." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8195,7 +8211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8206,12 +8222,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 -msgid "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +msgid "" +"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8219,7 +8236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8229,7 +8246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8238,40 +8255,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" -"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United " -"Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors " -"from over fifty countries wanted to learn more about the UK government’s " -"open-data practices and how ODI saw that translating into economic " -"value. They were contracted as a service provider to international " -"governments, which prompted a need to set up international ODI " -"<quote>nodes.</quote>" +"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " +"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " +"fifty countries wanted to learn more about the UK government’s open-data " +"practices and how ODI saw that translating into economic value. They were " +"contracted as a service provider to international governments, which " +"prompted a need to set up international ODI <quote>nodes.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " "but are part of the global network. Each ODI node adopts the charter, a set " "of guiding principles and rules under which ODI operates. They develop and " "deliver training, connect people and businesses through membership and " -"events, and communicate open-data stories from their part of the " -"world. There are twenty-seven different nodes across nineteen countries. ODI " -"nodes are charged a small fee to be part of the network and to use the " -"brand." +"events, and communicate open-data stories from their part of the world. " +"There are twenty-seven different nodes across nineteen countries. ODI nodes " +"are charged a small fee to be part of the network and to use the brand." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" -"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink " -"url=\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" +"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8279,34 +8294,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" -"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community " -"building. Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and " -"start-up programs create an ever-growing network of open-data users and " -"leaders. (In fact, ODI even operates something called an Open Data Leaders " -"Network.) For ODI, community is key to success. They devote significant time " -"and effort to build it, not just online but through face-to-face events." +"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " +"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " +"programs create an ever-growing network of open-data users and leaders. (In " +"fact, ODI even operates something called an Open Data Leaders Network.) For " +"ODI, community is key to success. They devote significant time and effort to " +"build it, not just online but through face-to-face events." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " "of high quality, the organization can earn ODI’s Open Data Certificate, a " "globally recognized mark that signals that their open data is useful, " -"reliable, accessible, discoverable, and supported.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"reliable, accessible, discoverable, and supported.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8315,7 +8330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8324,26 +8339,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " "publications and reports under CC BY or CC BY-SA licenses. ODI’s mission is " -"to connect and equip people around the world so they can innovate with " -"data. Disseminating stories, research, guidance, and code under an open " -"license is essential for achieving that mission. It also demonstrates that " -"it is perfectly possible to generate sustainable revenue streams that do not " -"rely on restrictive licensing of content, data, or code. People pay to have " -"ODI experts provide training to them, not for the content of the training; " +"to connect and equip people around the world so they can innovate with data. " +"Disseminating stories, research, guidance, and code under an open license is " +"essential for achieving that mission. It also demonstrates that it is " +"perfectly possible to generate sustainable revenue streams that do not rely " +"on restrictive licensing of content, data, or code. People pay to have ODI " +"experts provide training to them, not for the content of the training; " "people pay for the advice ODI gives them, not for the methodologies they " "use. Producing open content, data, and source code helps establish " -"credibility and creates leads for the paid services that they " -"offer. According to Jeni, <quote>The biggest lesson we have learned is that " -"it is completely possible to be open, get customers, and make money.</quote>" +"credibility and creates leads for the paid services that they offer. " +"According to Jeni, <quote>The biggest lesson we have learned is that it is " +"completely possible to be open, get customers, and make money.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8351,7 +8366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8360,46 +8375,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8407,31 +8422,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8440,26 +8456,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " "Digital, who had an interest in open licensing. Nick and Joni were exploring " "digital fabrication, and Mint’s interest in open licensing got them to " -"thinking how the open-source world may interact and apply to physical " -"goods. They sought to design something for their client that was also " -"reproducible. As they put it, they decided to <quote>ship the recipe, but " -"not the goods.</quote> They created the design using software, put it under " -"an open license, and had it manufactured locally near the client. This was " -"the start of the idea for Opendesk. The idea for Wikihouse—another open " -"project dedicated to accessible housing for all—started as discussions " -"around the same table. The two projects ultimately went on separate paths, " -"with Wikihouse becoming a nonprofit foundation and Opendesk a for-profit " -"company." +"thinking how the open-source world may interact and apply to physical goods. " +"They sought to design something for their client that was also reproducible. " +"As they put it, they decided to <quote>ship the recipe, but not the goods.</" +"quote> They created the design using software, put it under an open license, " +"and had it manufactured locally near the client. This was the start of the " +"idea for Opendesk. The idea for Wikihouse—another open project dedicated to " +"accessible housing for all—started as discussions around the same table. The " +"two projects ultimately went on separate paths, with Wikihouse becoming a " +"nonprofit foundation and Opendesk a for-profit company." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8468,20 +8483,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " -"model, they began investigating intellectual property and licensing " -"options. It was a thorny space, especially for designs. Just what aspect of " -"a design is copyrightable? What is patentable? How can allowing for digital " -"sharing and distribution be balanced against the designer’s desire to still " -"hold ownership? In the end, they decided there was no need to reinvent the " -"wheel and settled on using Creative Commons." +"model, they began investigating intellectual property and licensing options. " +"It was a thorny space, especially for designs. Just what aspect of a design " +"is copyrightable? What is patentable? How can allowing for digital sharing " +"and distribution be balanced against the designer’s desire to still hold " +"ownership? In the end, they decided there was no need to reinvent the wheel " +"and settled on using Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8491,7 +8506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8499,7 +8514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8509,22 +8524,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " "and Joni called <quote>reputational glow.</quote> And Opendesk does an " -"awesome job profiling the designers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/>" +"awesome job profiling the designers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8533,25 +8547,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " "buy the product from Opendesk, or from a registered maker in Opendesk’s " "network, for on-demand personal fabrication. The network of Opendesk makers " -"currently is made up of those who do digital fabrication using a " -"computer-controlled CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machining device that " -"cuts shapes out of wooden sheets according to the specifications in the " -"design file." +"currently is made up of those who do digital fabrication using a computer-" +"controlled CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machining device that cuts shapes " +"out of wooden sheets according to the specifications in the design file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8559,12 +8572,12 @@ msgid "" "because we built a site where people could write in about their " "capabilities. Building the community by learning from the maker community is " "how we have moved forward.</quote> Opendesk now has relationships with " -"hundreds of makers in countries all around the world.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"hundreds of makers in countries all around the world.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8572,14 +8585,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8587,14 +8600,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8602,23 +8615,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " -"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to " -"third-party sellers who can sell Opendesk products through their own " -"channels—this covers sales and marketing fees for the relevant channel)" +"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" +"party sellers who can sell Opendesk products through their own channels—this " +"covers sales and marketing fees for the relevant channel)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8627,24 +8640,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" -"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8657,34 +8670,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8692,7 +8705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8702,7 +8715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8713,17 +8726,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" -"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open " -"making</quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers " -"get profitable jobs and new customers. You get designer products without the " -"designer price tag, a more social, eco-friendly alternative to " -"mass-production and an affordable way to buy custom-made products.</quote>" +"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" +"quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " +"profitable jobs and new customers. You get designer products without the " +"designer price tag, a more social, eco-friendly alternative to mass-" +"production and an affordable way to buy custom-made products.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8733,12 +8746,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8750,7 +8763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8760,29 +8773,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8790,28 +8803,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8819,12 +8832,12 @@ msgid "" "replace some of the thorny legal issues. In their business model, Nick and " "Joni are trying to suspend the focus on IP and build an open business model " "that works for all stakeholders—designers, channels, manufacturers, and " -"customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates hangs off " -"<quote>open,</quote> not IP." +"customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates hangs off <quote>open,</" +"quote> not IP." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8834,67 +8847,66 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " -"it, they put ideas out there that get traction and then have faith in " -"people." +"it, they put ideas out there that get traction and then have faith in people." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " -"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement " -"courses. Founded in 2012 in the U.S." +"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " +"Founded in 2012 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, " -"editor-in-chief" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" +"chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " -"Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University in Houston, " -"Texas. Frustrated by the limitations of traditional textbooks and courses, " +"Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University in Houston, Texas. " +"Frustrated by the limitations of traditional textbooks and courses, " "Dr. Baraniuk wanted to provide authors and learners a way to share and " -"freely adapt educational materials such as courses, books, and " -"reports. Today, Connexions (now called OpenStax CNX) is one of the world’s " -"best libraries of customizable educational materials, all licensed with " -"Creative Commons and available to anyone, anywhere, anytime—for free." +"freely adapt educational materials such as courses, books, and reports. " +"Today, Connexions (now called OpenStax CNX) is one of the world’s best " +"libraries of customizable educational materials, all licensed with Creative " +"Commons and available to anyone, anywhere, anytime—for free." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8907,7 +8919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8921,27 +8933,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" +"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " "free for the twenty-five most heavily attended college courses in the " "nation. Today they are fast approaching that number. There is data that " "proves the success of their original hypothesis on how many students they " -"could help and how much money they could help save.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Professionally produced content scales " -"rapidly. All with no sales force!" +"could help and how much money they could help save.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Professionally produced content scales rapidly. All " +"with no sales force!" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8952,7 +8964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8962,7 +8974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8971,22 +8983,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " "calculator they can use to see how much students would save. OpenStax keeps " -"a running list of institutions that have adopted their " -"textbooks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"a running list of institutions that have adopted their textbooks." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -8995,20 +9007,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " -"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on " -"philanthropy. They have initially been funded by the William and Flora " -"Hewlett Foundation, the Laura and John Arnold Foundation, the Bill and " -"Melinda Gates Foundation, the 20 Million Minds Foundation, the Maxfield " -"Foundation, the Calvin K. Kazanjian Foundation, and Rice University. To " -"develop additional titles and supporting technology is probably still going " -"to require philanthropic investment." +"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " +"They have initially been funded by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, " +"the Laura and John Arnold Foundation, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, " +"the 20 Million Minds Foundation, the Maxfield Foundation, the Calvin K. " +"Kazanjian Foundation, and Rice University. To develop additional titles and " +"supporting technology is probably still going to require philanthropic " +"investment." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9020,33 +9032,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " -"student engagement. Odigia licenses its learning platform to " -"institutions. Partners like Odigia and WebAssign give a percentage of the " -"revenue they earn back to OpenStax, as mission-support fees. OpenStax has " -"already published revisions of their titles, such as Introduction to " -"Sociology 2e, using these funds." +"student engagement. Odigia licenses its learning platform to institutions. " +"Partners like Odigia and WebAssign give a percentage of the revenue they " +"earn back to OpenStax, as mission-support fees. OpenStax has already " +"published revisions of their titles, such as Introduction to Sociology 2e, " +"using these funds." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" -"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak " -"efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing " -"textbook content, freeing them up from those development costs and letting " -"them focus on what they do best. With OpenStax textbooks available at no " -"cost, they can provide their services at a lower cost—not free, but still " -"saving students money. OpenStax benefits not only by receiving " -"mission-support fees but through free publicity and marketing. OpenStax " -"doesn’t have a sales force; partners are out there showcasing their " -"materials." +"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " +"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " +"freeing them up from those development costs and letting them focus on what " +"they do best. With OpenStax textbooks available at no cost, they can " +"provide their services at a lower cost—not free, but still saving students " +"money. OpenStax benefits not only by receiving mission-support fees but " +"through free publicity and marketing. OpenStax doesn’t have a sales force; " +"partners are out there showcasing their materials." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9056,7 +9067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9068,12 +9079,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " -"Corporation) to provide print versions of their textbooks in the " -"stores. While the overall cost of the textbook is significantly less than a " +"Corporation) to provide print versions of their textbooks in the stores. " +"While the overall cost of the textbook is significantly less than a " "traditional textbook, bookstores can still make a profit on sales. Sometimes " "students take the savings they have from the lower-priced book and use it to " "buy other things in the bookstore. And OpenStax is trying to break the " @@ -9083,7 +9094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9094,7 +9105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9108,7 +9119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9127,31 +9138,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " -"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an " -"up-front fee—OpenStax does not use a royalty model. A best-selling author " -"might make more money under the traditional publishing model, but that is " -"only maybe 5 percent of all authors. From David’s perspective, 95 percent of " -"all authors do better under the OER 2.0 model, as there is no risk to them " -"and they earn all the money up front." +"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" +"front fee—OpenStax does not use a royalty model. A best-selling author might " +"make more money under the traditional publishing model, but that is only " +"maybe 5 percent of all authors. From David’s perspective, 95 percent of all " +"authors do better under the OER 2.0 model, as there is no risk to them and " +"they earn all the money up front." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " "their textbooks in innovative ways without having to ask for permission. It " "frees up the whole market and has been central to OpenStax being able to " -"bring on partners. OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their " -"materials. By enabling frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control " -"and academic freedom." +"bring on partners. OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their materials. " +"By enabling frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control and academic " +"freedom." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9163,35 +9174,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" -"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive " -"results. From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press " -"kit:" +"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " +"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9200,7 +9210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9209,7 +9219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9219,7 +9229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9232,22 +9242,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9256,49 +9266,49 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" +"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" +"swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " -"new ways to sustain her creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/>" +"new ways to sustain her creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " -"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot " -". . . in which the artist can share freely and directly feel the " -"reverberations of their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living " -"doing that.</quote>" +"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " +"in which the artist can share freely and directly feel the reverberations of " +"their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living doing that.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " "digital age is both an exciting and frustrating time for creators. <quote>On " -"the one hand, we have this beautiful shareability,</quote> Amanda " -"said. <quote>On the other, you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering " -"how to make money to buy food so we can make more art.</quote>" +"the one hand, we have this beautiful shareability,</quote> Amanda said. " +"<quote>On the other, you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to " +"make money to buy food so we can make more art.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9314,7 +9324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9327,7 +9337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9341,7 +9351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9355,7 +9365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9363,18 +9373,18 @@ msgid "" "before she discovered Creative Commons. Amanda says the Dresden Dolls used " "to get ten emails per week from fans asking if they could use their music " "for different projects. They said yes to all of the requests, as long as it " -"wasn’t for a completely for-profit venture. At the time, they used a " -"short-form agreement written by Amanda herself. <quote>I made everyone sign " -"that contract so at least I wouldn’t be leaving the band vulnerable to " -"someone later going on and putting our music in a Camel cigarette " -"ad,</quote> Amanda said. Once she discovered Creative Commons, adopting the " -"licenses was an easy decision because it gave them a more formal, " -"standardized way of doing what they had been doing all along. The " -"NonCommercial licenses were a natural fit." +"wasn’t for a completely for-profit venture. At the time, they used a short-" +"form agreement written by Amanda herself. <quote>I made everyone sign that " +"contract so at least I wouldn’t be leaving the band vulnerable to someone " +"later going on and putting our music in a Camel cigarette ad,</quote> Amanda " +"said. Once she discovered Creative Commons, adopting the licenses was an " +"easy decision because it gave them a more formal, standardized way of doing " +"what they had been doing all along. The NonCommercial licenses were a " +"natural fit." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9384,7 +9394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9396,7 +9406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9404,13 +9414,13 @@ msgid "" "featured fifty concerts at house parties for backers. She spends hours in " "the signing line after shows. It helps that Amanda has the kind of dynamic, " "engaging personality that instantly draws people to her, but a big component " -"of her ability to connect with people is her willingness to " -"listen. <quote>Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto " -"itself,</quote> Amanda wrote." +"of her ability to connect with people is her willingness to listen. " +"<quote>Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto itself,</quote> " +"Amanda wrote." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9422,7 +9432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9433,7 +9443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9445,7 +9455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9457,7 +9467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9468,7 +9478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9480,7 +9490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9495,66 +9505,67 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " -"experience in forty years on this planet has pointed me to an obvious " -"truth—that connection with human beings feels so much better and more " -"fulfilling than approaching art through a capitalist lens. There is no more " -"satisfying end goal than having someone tell you that what you do is " -"genuinely of value to them.</quote>" +"experience in forty years on this planet has pointed me to an obvious truth—" +"that connection with human beings feels so much better and more fulfilling " +"than approaching art through a capitalist lens. There is no more satisfying " +"end goal than having someone tell you that what you do is genuinely of value " +"to them.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " -"provided them. For Amanda, art is not just a product; it’s a " -"relationship. Viewed from this lens, what Amanda does today is not that " -"different from what she did as a young street performer. She shares her " -"music and other artistic gifts. She shares herself. And then rather than " -"forcing people to help her, she lets them." +"provided them. For Amanda, art is not just a product; it’s a relationship. " +"Viewed from this lens, what Amanda does today is not that different from " +"what she did as a young street performer. She shares her music and other " +"artistic gifts. She shares herself. And then rather than forcing people to " +"help her, she lets them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " -"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the " -"U.S." +"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." +"S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9564,13 +9575,13 @@ msgid "" "petition, most did not follow through. In August 2001, Patrick and Michael " "announced that they would start their own nonprofit publishing operation to " "do just what the petition promised. With start-up grant support from the " -"Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, PLOS was launched to provide new " -"open-access journals for biomedicine, with research articles being released " -"under Attribution (CC BY) licenses." +"Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, PLOS was launched to provide new open-" +"access journals for biomedicine, with research articles being released under " +"Attribution (CC BY) licenses." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9584,7 +9595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9598,7 +9609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9612,7 +9623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9626,28 +9637,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " "that collectively recovers costs. For PLOS’s journals in biology, medicine, " "genetics, computational biology, neglected tropical diseases, and pathogens, " -"the article-processing charge ranges from $2,250 to " -"$2,900. Article-publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal started in 2006, " -"are just under $1,500." +"the article-processing charge ranges from $2,250 to $2,900. Article-" +"publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal started in 2006, are just under " +"$1,500." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" -"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to " -"publication. Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for " -"individuals and institutions to help authors who can’t afford the " -"article-processing charges." +"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " +"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " +"institutions to help authors who can’t afford the article-processing charges." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9656,27 +9666,27 @@ msgid "" "for managing access control are necessary. They spend millions of dollars on " "access-control systems, staff to manage them, and sales staff. With PLOS’s " "open-access publishing, there’s no need for these massive expenses; the " -"articles are free, open, and accessible to all upon " -"publication. Additionally, traditional publishers tend to spend more on " -"marketing to libraries, who ultimately pay the subscription fees. PLOS " -"provides a better service for authors by promoting their research directly " -"to the research community and giving the authors exposure. And this " -"encourages other authors to submit their work for publication." +"articles are free, open, and accessible to all upon publication. " +"Additionally, traditional publishers tend to spend more on marketing to " +"libraries, who ultimately pay the subscription fees. PLOS provides a better " +"service for authors by promoting their research directly to the research " +"community and giving the authors exposure. And this encourages other authors " +"to submit their work for publication." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" -"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC " -"BY). This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content " -"and provides a safe way for researchers to make their work available while " +"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " +"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " +"provides a safe way for researchers to make their work available while " "ensuring they get recognition (appropriate attribution). For PLOS, all of " "this aligns with how they think research content should be published and " "disseminated." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9684,7 +9694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9695,7 +9705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9704,7 +9714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9715,7 +9725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9725,7 +9735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9749,7 +9759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9757,7 +9767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9766,7 +9776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9780,7 +9790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9789,7 +9799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9807,7 +9817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9819,17 +9829,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9838,14 +9848,14 @@ msgid "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It also offers something called Article-Level " "Metrics, which helps users assess research most relevant to the field " "itself, based on indicators like usage, citations, social bookmarking and " -"dissemination activity, media and blog coverage, discussions, and " -"ratings.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Louise believes that the " -"journal model could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive user " +"dissemination activity, media and blog coverage, discussions, and ratings." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Louise believes that the journal " +"model could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive user " "experience, including a way for readers to communicate with authors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9857,7 +9867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9869,7 +9879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9877,24 +9887,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" -"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and " -"history. Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" +"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " +"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9902,19 +9912,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9931,7 +9941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9947,7 +9957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9958,28 +9968,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " -"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As an online portal to museum collections all " -"across Europe, Europeana had become an important online platform. In October " -"2010 Creative Commons released CC0 and its public-domain mark as tools " -"people could use to identify works as free of known copyright. Europeana was " -"the first major adopter, using CC0 to release metadata about their " -"collection and the public domain mark for millions of digital works in their " +"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As an online portal to museum collections all across " +"Europe, Europeana had become an important online platform. In October 2010 " +"Creative Commons released CC0 and its public-domain mark as tools people " +"could use to identify works as free of known copyright. Europeana was the " +"first major adopter, using CC0 to release metadata about their collection " +"and the public domain mark for millions of digital works in their " "collection. Lizzy says the Rijksmuseum initially found this change in " "business practice a bit scary, but at the same time it stimulated even more " "discussion on whether the Rijksmuseum should follow suit." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -9993,7 +10003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10008,37 +10018,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " -"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for " -"free. Digitization still cost money, however; they decided to define " -"discrete digitization projects and find sponsors willing to fund each " -"project. This turned out to be a successful strategy, generating high " -"interest from sponsors and lower administrative effort for the " -"Rijksmuseum. They started out making 150,000 high-quality images of their " -"collection available, with the goal to eventually have the entire collection " -"online." +"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " +"Digitization still cost money, however; they decided to define discrete " +"digitization projects and find sponsors willing to fund each project. This " +"turned out to be a successful strategy, generating high interest from " +"sponsors and lower administrative effort for the Rijksmuseum. They started " +"out making 150,000 high-quality images of their collection available, with " +"the goal to eventually have the entire collection online." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" -"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of " -"poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of " -"Vermeer’s Milkmaid, for example, is downloaded two to three thousand times a " -"month. On the Internet, images from a source like the Rijksmuseum are more " -"trusted, and releasing them with a Creative Commons CC0 means they can " -"easily be found in other platforms. For example, Rijksmuseum images are now " -"used in thousands of Wikipedia articles, receiving ten to eleven million " -"views per month. This extends Rijksmuseum’s reach far beyond the scope of " -"its website. Sharing these images online creates what Lizzy calls the " -"<quote>Mona Lisa effect,</quote> where a work of art becomes so famous that " -"people want to see it in real life by visiting the actual museum." +"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" +"quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " +"Milkmaid, for example, is downloaded two to three thousand times a month. On " +"the Internet, images from a source like the Rijksmuseum are more trusted, " +"and releasing them with a Creative Commons CC0 means they can easily be " +"found in other platforms. For example, Rijksmuseum images are now used in " +"thousands of Wikipedia articles, receiving ten to eleven million views per " +"month. This extends Rijksmuseum’s reach far beyond the scope of its website. " +"Sharing these images online creates what Lizzy calls the <quote>Mona Lisa " +"effect,</quote> where a work of art becomes so famous that people want to " +"see it in real life by visiting the actual museum." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10049,7 +10058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10064,12 +10073,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10080,7 +10089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10093,7 +10102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10102,12 +10111,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " -"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the " -"Rijksstudio. The answer was that contemporary artists’ works are still bound " -"by copyright. The Rijksmuseum does encourage contemporary artists to use a " +"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " +"The answer was that contemporary artists’ works are still bound by " +"copyright. The Rijksmuseum does encourage contemporary artists to use a " "Creative Commons license for their works, usually a CC BY-SA license " "(Attribution-ShareAlike), or a CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial) if they " "want to preclude commercial use. That way, their works can be made available " @@ -10115,62 +10124,62 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" +"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " -"Rembrandt was commercial, making his livelihood from selling his " -"paintings. The Rijksmuseum encourages entrepreneurial commercial use of the " -"images in Rijksstudio. They’ve even partnered with the DIY marketplace Etsy " -"to inspire people to sell their creations. One great example you can find on " +"Rembrandt was commercial, making his livelihood from selling his paintings. " +"The Rijksmuseum encourages entrepreneurial commercial use of the images in " +"Rijksstudio. They’ve even partnered with the DIY marketplace Etsy to " +"inspire people to sell their creations. One great example you can find on " "Etsy is a kimono designed by Angie Johnson, who used an image of an " "elaborate cabinet along with an oil painting by Jan Asselijn called The " "Threatened Swan.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " -"the 2015 award: <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2015\"/>" +"the 2015 award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-" +"award-2015\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" +"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " "id=\"0\"/> With the call to action Make Your Own Masterpiece, the " "competition invites the public to use Rijksstudio images to make new " "creative designs. A jury of renowned designers and curators selects ten " -"finalists and three winners. The final award comes with a prize of " -"€10,000. The second edition in 2015 attracted a staggering 892 top-class " -"entries. Some award winners end up with their work sold through the " -"Rijksmuseum store, such as the 2014 entry featuring makeup based on a " -"specific color scheme of a work of art.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/> The Rijksmuseum has been thrilled with the results. Entries " -"range from the fun to the weird to the inspirational. The third " -"international edition of the Rijksstudio Award started in September 2016." +"finalists and three winners. The final award comes with a prize of €10,000. " +"The second edition in 2015 attracted a staggering 892 top-class entries. " +"Some award winners end up with their work sold through the Rijksmuseum " +"store, such as the 2014 entry featuring makeup based on a specific color " +"scheme of a work of art.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> The " +"Rijksmuseum has been thrilled with the results. Entries range from the fun " +"to the weird to the inspirational. The third international edition of the " +"Rijksstudio Award started in September 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10178,7 +10187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10189,7 +10198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10204,7 +10213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10224,41 +10233,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 -msgid "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 +msgid "" +"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10271,7 +10281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10280,37 +10290,36 @@ msgid "" "the real sharing economy like open-source software, participatory budgeting " "(where citizens decide how a public budget is spent), cooperatives, and " "more. He wrote, <quote>It’s not so much that collaborative consumption is " -"dead, it’s more that it risks dying as it gets absorbed by the " -"<quote>Borg.</quote></quote>" +"dead, it’s more that it risks dying as it gets absorbed by the <quote>Borg.</" +"quote></quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " "around had they chosen differently. <quote>We would have gotten another type " -"of audience, but it would have spelled the end of us,</quote> he " -"said. <quote>We are a small, mission-driven organization. We would never " -"have been able to weather the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting " -"now.</quote>" +"of audience, but it would have spelled the end of us,</quote> he said. " +"<quote>We are a small, mission-driven organization. We would never have been " +"able to weather the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " "because it happens to align with a project or interest they have. But " "choosing principles over the possibility of riding the coattails of the " -"major corporate players in the sharing space saved Shareable’s " -"credibility. Although they became detached from the corporate sharing " -"economy, the online magazine became the voice of the <quote>real sharing " -"economy</quote> and continued to grow their audience." +"major corporate players in the sharing space saved Shareable’s credibility. " +"Although they became detached from the corporate sharing economy, the online " +"magazine became the voice of the <quote>real sharing economy</quote> and " +"continued to grow their audience." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10323,7 +10332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10336,39 +10345,39 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " -"are a priority for us, we really want to go deep and control the " -"quality,</quote> Neal said. The rest of the content is either contributed by " -"guest writers, often for free, or written by other publications from their " -"network of content publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post Growth " -"Alliance, which facilitates the sharing of content and audiences among a " -"large and growing group of mostly nonprofits. Each organization gets a " -"chance to present stories to the group, and the organizations can use and " -"promote each other’s stories. Much of the content created by the network is " -"licensed with Creative Commons." +"are a priority for us, we really want to go deep and control the quality,</" +"quote> Neal said. The rest of the content is either contributed by guest " +"writers, often for free, or written by other publications from their network " +"of content publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post Growth Alliance, " +"which facilitates the sharing of content and audiences among a large and " +"growing group of mostly nonprofits. Each organization gets a chance to " +"present stories to the group, and the organizations can use and promote each " +"other’s stories. Much of the content created by the network is licensed " +"with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " "given to Shareable. Creative Commons licensing is aligned with Shareable’s " "vision, mission, and identity. That alone explains the organization’s " "embrace of the licenses for their content, but Neal also believes CC " -"licensing helps them increase their reach. <quote>By using CC " -"licensing,</quote> he said, <quote>we realized we could reach far more " -"people through a formal and informal network of republishers or " -"affiliates. That has definitely been the case. It’s hard for us to measure " -"the reach of other media properties, but most of the outlets who republish " -"our work have much bigger audiences than we do.</quote>" +"licensing helps them increase their reach. <quote>By using CC licensing,</" +"quote> he said, <quote>we realized we could reach far more people through a " +"formal and informal network of republishers or affiliates. That has " +"definitely been the case. It’s hard for us to measure the reach of other " +"media properties, but most of the outlets who republish our work have much " +"bigger audiences than we do.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10380,7 +10389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10389,7 +10398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10401,7 +10410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10415,19 +10424,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " -"spectacularly. They called in their advisers in a panic and asked for " -"help. The advice they received was simple—<quote>Sit your ass in a chair and " -"start making calls.</quote> That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up " +"spectacularly. They called in their advisers in a panic and asked for help. " +"The advice they received was simple—<quote>Sit your ass in a chair and start " +"making calls.</quote> That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up " "reaching their $50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach new " "people, but the vast majority of backers were people in their existing base." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10437,14 +10446,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " -"far more people if they helped their readers to host their own " -"events. <quote>If we wanted to go big on a conference, there was a huge risk " -"and huge staffing needs, plus only a fraction of our community could travel " -"to the event,</quote> Neal said. Enabling others to create their own events " +"far more people if they helped their readers to host their own events. " +"<quote>If we wanted to go big on a conference, there was a huge risk and " +"huge staffing needs, plus only a fraction of our community could travel to " +"the event,</quote> Neal said. Enabling others to create their own events " "around the globe allowed them to scale up their work more effectively and " "reach far more people. Shareable has catalyzed three hundred different " "events reaching over twenty thousand people since implementing this strategy " @@ -10455,21 +10464,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " -"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a " -"one-size-fits-all approach, Shareable puts the tools out there for people " -"take the ideas and adapt them to their own communities." +"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" +"size-fits-all approach, Shareable puts the tools out there for people take " +"the ideas and adapt them to their own communities." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10477,29 +10486,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10509,7 +10518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10518,7 +10527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10528,12 +10537,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10545,7 +10554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10555,7 +10564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10564,12 +10573,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10581,7 +10590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10591,7 +10600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10600,19 +10609,19 @@ msgid "" "standard practice in education to copy diagrams and snippets of text, but of " "course this doesn’t always comply with copyright law. Another concern is " "transparency. Sharing what you’ve authored means everyone can see it and " -"opens you up to criticism. To alleviate these concerns, Mark adopted a " -"team-based approach to authoring and insisted the curricula be based " -"entirely on resources with Creative Commons licenses, thereby ensuring they " -"were safe to share and free from legal repercussions." +"opens you up to criticism. To alleviate these concerns, Mark adopted a team-" +"based approach to authoring and insisted the curricula be based entirely on " +"resources with Creative Commons licenses, thereby ensuring they were safe to " +"share and free from legal repercussions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10624,7 +10633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10633,7 +10642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10644,7 +10653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10655,7 +10664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10666,7 +10675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10680,7 +10689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10689,7 +10698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10700,7 +10709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10712,7 +10721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10723,7 +10732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10732,7 +10741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10743,10 +10752,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" -"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale " -"up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " +"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " +"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " "directly. Schools can subscribe on a per-student, per-subject basis. A " "single subscription gives a learner access to a single subject, including " "practice content from every grade available for that subject. Lower " @@ -10756,7 +10765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10767,7 +10776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10777,12 +10786,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10792,7 +10801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10804,7 +10813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10815,20 +10824,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " "the government. Siyavula initially tried to convince the government to " "provide them with five rand per book (about US35¢). With those funds, Mark " -"says that Siyavula could have run its entire operation, built a " -"community-based model for producing more books, and provide Intelligent " -"Practice for free to every child in the country. But after a lengthy " -"negotiation, the government said no." +"says that Siyavula could have run its entire operation, built a community-" +"based model for producing more books, and provide Intelligent Practice for " +"free to every child in the country. But after a lengthy negotiation, the " +"government said no." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10840,7 +10849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10850,7 +10859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10863,16 +10872,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " -"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The " -"government-announced policy that there would be only one textbook per " -"subject turned out to be highly contentious and is in limbo." +"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" +"announced policy that there would be only one textbook per subject turned " +"out to be highly contentious and is in limbo." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10882,57 +10891,58 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " "Siyavula, including stipulations that content always be put under an open " "license and that they can’t charge for something that people volunteered to " "do for them. They believe each individual should have access to the " -"resources and support they need to achieve the education they " -"deserve. Having educational resources openly licensed with Creative Commons " -"means they can fulfill their social mission, on top of which they can build " +"resources and support they need to achieve the education they deserve. " +"Having educational resources openly licensed with Creative Commons means " +"they can fulfill their social mission, on top of which they can build " "revenue-generating services to sustain the ongoing operation of Siyavula. In " "terms of open business models, Mark and Siyavula may have been around the " "block a few times, but both he and the company are stronger for it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" -"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open " -"hardware. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." +"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " +"Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 -msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 +msgid "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10942,7 +10952,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -10951,7 +10961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10962,7 +10972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -10974,7 +10984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -10983,7 +10993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -10995,32 +11005,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " "code works; there is a service number to call; they ship replacement parts " -"the day they get a service call. They invest heavily in service and " -"support. <quote>I don’t believe businesses should be competing with IP " -"[intellectual property] barriers,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>This is the " -"stuff they should be competing on.</quote>" +"the day they get a service call. They invest heavily in service and support. " +"<quote>I don’t believe businesses should be competing with IP [intellectual " +"property] barriers,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>This is the stuff they " +"should be competing on.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " "there was a void in the market. <quote>If you wanted to place an order for " "something,</quote> he said, <quote>you first had to search far and wide to " "find it, and then you had to call or fax someone.</quote> In 2003, during " -"his third year of college, he registered <ulink " -"url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/> and started reselling products out of his " -"bedroom. After he graduated, he started making and selling his own products." +"his third year of college, he registered <ulink url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/" +"> and started reselling products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he " +"started making and selling his own products." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11031,7 +11041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11042,27 +11052,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " -"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping " -"parts. Because SparkFun has always been dedicated to enabling others to " -"re-create and fix their products on their own, the more recent focus on " -"introducing young people to technology is a natural extension of their core " -"business." +"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " +"Because SparkFun has always been dedicated to enabling others to re-create " +"and fix their products on their own, the more recent focus on introducing " +"young people to technology is a natural extension of their core business." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " -"lives of three hundred and fifty thousand high school students by " -"2020.</quote>" +"lives of three hundred and fifty thousand high school students by 2020.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11075,7 +11084,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11087,7 +11096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11103,7 +11112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11115,7 +11124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11125,7 +11134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11134,12 +11143,12 @@ msgid "" "company. SparkFun regularly sifts through suggestions from customers and " "tries to build on them where they can. <quote>From the beginning, we have " "been listening to the community,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Customers " -"would identify a pain point, and we would design something to address " -"it.</quote>" +"would identify a pain point, and we would design something to address it.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11152,7 +11161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11164,7 +11173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11179,51 +11188,51 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " -"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the " -"U.S." +"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." +"S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " -"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by " -"advertising. Corporations pay to have their logos appear on the educational " -"materials TeachAIDS distributes." +"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " +"Corporations pay to have their logos appear on the educational materials " +"TeachAIDS distributes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11238,28 +11247,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " -"research she was doing while pursuing her doctorate at Stanford " -"University. She was reading reports about India, noting it would be the next " -"hot zone of people living with HIV. Despite international and national " -"entities pouring in hundreds of millions of dollars on HIV-prevention " -"efforts, the reports showed knowledge levels were still low. People were " -"unaware of whether the virus could be transmitted through coughing and " -"sneezing, for instance. Supported by an interdisciplinary team of experts at " -"Stanford, Piya conducted similar studies, which corroborated the previous " -"research. They found that the primary cause of the limited understanding was " -"that HIV, and issues relating to it, were often considered too taboo to " -"discuss comprehensively. The other major problem was that most of the " -"education on this topic was being taught through television advertising, " -"billboards, and other mass-media campaigns, which meant people were only " -"receiving bits and pieces of information." +"research she was doing while pursuing her doctorate at Stanford University. " +"She was reading reports about India, noting it would be the next hot zone of " +"people living with HIV. Despite international and national entities pouring " +"in hundreds of millions of dollars on HIV-prevention efforts, the reports " +"showed knowledge levels were still low. People were unaware of whether the " +"virus could be transmitted through coughing and sneezing, for instance. " +"Supported by an interdisciplinary team of experts at Stanford, Piya " +"conducted similar studies, which corroborated the previous research. They " +"found that the primary cause of the limited understanding was that HIV, and " +"issues relating to it, were often considered too taboo to discuss " +"comprehensively. The other major problem was that most of the education on " +"this topic was being taught through television advertising, billboards, and " +"other mass-media campaigns, which meant people were only receiving bits and " +"pieces of information." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11273,7 +11282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11281,7 +11290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11289,27 +11298,27 @@ msgid "" "Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND), which essentially " "gives the public the right to distribute only verbatim copies of the " "content, and for noncommercial purposes. <quote>We wanted attribution for " -"TeachAIDS, and we couldn’t stand by derivatives without vetting " -"them,</quote> the cofounder and chair Shuman Ghosemajumder said. <quote>It " -"was almost a no-brainer to go with a CC license because it was a " -"plug-and-play solution to this exact problem. It has allowed us to scale our " -"materials safely and quickly worldwide while preserving our content and " -"protecting us at the same time.</quote>" +"TeachAIDS, and we couldn’t stand by derivatives without vetting them,</" +"quote> the cofounder and chair Shuman Ghosemajumder said. <quote>It was " +"almost a no-brainer to go with a CC license because it was a plug-and-play " +"solution to this exact problem. It has allowed us to scale our materials " +"safely and quickly worldwide while preserving our content and protecting us " +"at the same time.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " "content. The organization invests heavily in research and testing to " -"determine the best method of conveying the information. <quote>Creating " -"high-quality content is what matters most to us,</quote> Piya " -"said. <quote>Research drives everything we do.</quote>" +"determine the best method of conveying the information. <quote>Creating high-" +"quality content is what matters most to us,</quote> Piya said. " +"<quote>Research drives everything we do.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11320,7 +11329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11336,7 +11345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11344,16 +11353,16 @@ msgid "" "using paid translators. For quality control, TeachAIDS has three separate " "volunteer teams translate the materials from English to the local language " "and customize the content based on local customs and norms. Those three " -"versions are then analyzed and combined into a single master " -"translation. TeachAIDS has additional teams of volunteers then translate " -"that version back into English to see how well it lines up with the original " -"materials. They repeat this process until they reach a translated version " -"that meets their standards. For the Tibetan version, they went through this " -"cycle eleven times." +"versions are then analyzed and combined into a single master translation. " +"TeachAIDS has additional teams of volunteers then translate that version " +"back into English to see how well it lines up with the original materials. " +"They repeat this process until they reach a translated version that meets " +"their standards. For the Tibetan version, they went through this cycle " +"eleven times." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11373,22 +11382,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " -"organization is able to reduce costs by relying heavily on volunteers and " -"in-kind donations. Nevertheless, the nonprofit needed a sustainable revenue " +"organization is able to reduce costs by relying heavily on volunteers and in-" +"kind donations. Nevertheless, the nonprofit needed a sustainable revenue " "model to subsidize content creation and physical distribution of the " -"materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an " -"option. <quote>Educators from various nonprofits around the world were just " -"creating their own materials using whatever they could find for free " -"online,</quote> Shuman said. <quote>The only way to persuade them to use our " -"highly effective model was to make it completely free.</quote>" +"materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an option. " +"<quote>Educators from various nonprofits around the world were just creating " +"their own materials using whatever they could find for free online,</quote> " +"Shuman said. <quote>The only way to persuade them to use our highly " +"effective model was to make it completely free.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11401,19 +11410,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " "the nonprofit. This gives the nonprofit more stability, but even more " "importantly, it enables them to subsidize projects being localized for an " "area with no sponsors. <quote>If we just created versions based on where we " -"could get sponsorships, we would only have materials for wealthier " -"countries,</quote> Shuman said." +"could get sponsorships, we would only have materials for wealthier countries," +"</quote> Shuman said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11428,7 +11437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11439,23 +11448,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" -"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " -"education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins " -"the work; it motivates the funders. The CC license on the materials they " -"create furthers that mission, allowing them to safely and quickly scale " -"their materials worldwide. <quote>The Creative Commons license has been a " -"game changer for TeachAIDS,</quote> Piya said." +"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" +"—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " +"it motivates the funders. The CC license on the materials they create " +"furthers that mission, allowing them to safely and quickly scale their " +"materials worldwide. <quote>The Creative Commons license has been a game " +"changer for TeachAIDS,</quote> Piya said." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11463,48 +11472,47 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " "online business. He also coauthored a number of workbooks for small- to " -"medium-size enterprises to use to optimize their business for the " -"Web. Through this early work, Hessel became familiar with the principles of " -"open licensing, including the use of open-source software and Creative " -"Commons." +"medium-size enterprises to use to optimize their business for the Web. " +"Through this early work, Hessel became familiar with the principles of open " +"licensing, including the use of open-source software and Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " -"licensing music tracks. All they could find was standard, cold " -"stock-music. They thought of looking up websites where you could license " -"music directly from the musician without going through record labels or " -"agents. But in 2005, the ability to directly license music from a rights " -"holder was not readily available." +"licensing music tracks. All they could find was standard, cold stock-music. " +"They thought of looking up websites where you could license music directly " +"from the musician without going through record labels or agents. But in " +"2005, the ability to directly license music from a rights holder was not " +"readily available." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11516,7 +11524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11526,7 +11534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11536,25 +11544,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " -"with Creative Commons that they could use. Stores need quality, " -"good-listening music but not necessarily hits, a bit like a radio show " -"without the DJ. This opened a new opportunity for Tribe of Noise. They " -"started their In-store Music Service, using music (licensed with CC BY-SA) " -"uploaded by the Tribe of Noise community of musicians.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"with Creative Commons that they could use. Stores need quality, good-" +"listening music but not necessarily hits, a bit like a radio show without " +"the DJ. This opened a new opportunity for Tribe of Noise. They started their " +"In-store Music Service, using music (licensed with CC BY-SA) uploaded by the " +"Tribe of Noise community of musicians.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11575,7 +11583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11590,23 +11598,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " "share is 42.5 percent. It’s not uncommon in a traditional model for the " "artist to get only 5 to 10 percent, so a share of over 40 percent is a " -"significantly better deal. Here’s how they give an example on their " -"website:" +"significantly better deal. Here’s how they give an example on their website:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11614,24 +11621,24 @@ msgid "" "contains 350 songs so the musician’s share is 5/350 = 1.43%. The license fee " "agreed with this retailer is US$12 per month per play-out. So if 42.5% is " "shared with the Tribe musicians in this playlist and your share is 1.43%, " -"you end up with US$12 * 1000 stores * 0.425 * 0.0143 = US$73 per " -"month.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"you end up with US$12 * 1000 stores * 0.425 * 0.0143 = US$73 per month." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " "Commons gets them and the way it lets them reach out to others to share and " "remix. However, they had a bit of a mental struggle with Creative Commons " "licenses being perpetual. A lot of musicians have the mind-set that one day " -"one of their songs may become an overnight hit. If that happened the CC " -"BY-SA license would preclude them getting rich off the sale of that song." +"one of their songs may become an overnight hit. If that happened the CC BY-" +"SA license would preclude them getting rich off the sale of that song." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11644,17 +11651,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " -"the name of the creator; they just license the song for a specific " -"amount. This is a big plus for media makers. And musicians can pull their " +"the name of the creator; they just license the song for a specific amount. " +"This is a big plus for media makers. And musicians can pull their " "repertoire at any time. Hessel sees this as a more direct and clean deal." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11663,17 +11670,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" -"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to " -"work. With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing " -"economy, the community area of Tribe of Noise is where they can build trust, " -"create exposure, and generate money. And after that, musicians may become " -"more interested in exploring other models like Tribe of Noise Pro." +"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " +"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " +"community area of Tribe of Noise is where they can build trust, create " +"exposure, and generate money. And after that, musicians may become more " +"interested in exploring other models like Tribe of Noise Pro." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11686,33 +11693,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " "specifies what they want, and any member can submit a song. Contests usually " "involve prizes, exposure, and money. In addition to building member " "engagement, contests help members learn how to work with clients: listening " -"to them, understanding what they want, and creating a song to meet that " -"need." +"to them, understanding what they want, and creating a song to meet that need." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " "from music labels and publishers, having gone through the traditional way of " -"music licensing and now seeing if this new model makes sense for " -"them. Others are young musicians, who grew up with a DIY mentality and see " -"little reason to sign with a third party or hand over some of the " -"control. Still a small but growing group of Tribe members are pursuing a " -"hybrid model by licensing some of their songs under CC BY-SA and opting in " -"others with collecting societies like ASCAP or BMI." +"music licensing and now seeing if this new model makes sense for them. " +"Others are young musicians, who grew up with a DIY mentality and see little " +"reason to sign with a third party or hand over some of the control. Still a " +"small but growing group of Tribe members are pursuing a hybrid model by " +"licensing some of their songs under CC BY-SA and opting in others with " +"collecting societies like ASCAP or BMI." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11730,93 +11736,93 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " "translated into all languages really helps build that trust. Tribe of Noise " "believes in creating a model where they work together with musicians. They " "can only do that if they have a live and kicking community, with people who " -"think that the Tribe of Noise team has their best interests in " -"mind. Creative Commons makes it possible to create a new business model for " -"music, a model that’s based on trust." +"think that the Tribe of Noise team has their best interests in mind. " +"Creative Commons makes it possible to create a new business model for music, " +"a model that’s based on trust." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " -"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the " -"articles. All of the content is available for free to anyone online. All of " -"the content is released under a Creative Commons license that enables people " -"to reuse and adapt it for any purpose." +"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " +"All of the content is available for free to anyone online. All of the " +"content is released under a Creative Commons license that enables people to " +"reuse and adapt it for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " -"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what " -"else?—the Wikipedia article about Wikipedia." +"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" +"the Wikipedia article about Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " "sites like Wikidata and Wikimedia Commons. The foundation employs about two " -"hundred and eighty people, who all work to support the projects it " -"hosts. But the true heart of Wikipedia and its sister projects is its " -"community. The numbers of people in the community are variable, but about " -"seventy-five thousand volunteers edit and improve Wikipedia articles every " -"month. Volunteers are organized in a variety of ways across the globe, " -"including formal Wikimedia chapters (mostly national), groups focused on a " -"particular theme, user groups, and many thousands who are not connected to a " -"particular organization." +"hundred and eighty people, who all work to support the projects it hosts. " +"But the true heart of Wikipedia and its sister projects is its community. " +"The numbers of people in the community are variable, but about seventy-five " +"thousand volunteers edit and improve Wikipedia articles every month. " +"Volunteers are organized in a variety of ways across the globe, including " +"formal Wikimedia chapters (mostly national), groups focused on a particular " +"theme, user groups, and many thousands who are not connected to a particular " +"organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11825,7 +11831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11836,7 +11842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11850,7 +11856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11865,15 +11871,15 @@ msgid "" "areas, talk pages explaining decisions, and much, much more. The Wikimedia " "Foundation’s decision to leave governance of the projects to the community " "is very deliberate. <quote>We look at the things that the community can do " -"well, and we want to let them do those things,</quote> Stephen told " -"us. Instead, the foundation focuses its time and resources on what the " -"community cannot do as effectively, like the software engineering that " -"supports the technical infrastructure of the sites. In 2015-16, about half " -"of the foundation’s budget went to direct support for the Wikimedia sites." +"well, and we want to let them do those things,</quote> Stephen told us. " +"Instead, the foundation focuses its time and resources on what the community " +"cannot do as effectively, like the software engineering that supports the " +"technical infrastructure of the sites. In 2015-16, about half of the " +"foundation’s budget went to direct support for the Wikimedia sites." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11890,7 +11896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11904,14 +11910,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/\"/>" +"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" +"mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11919,20 +11925,19 @@ msgid "" "every given topic—it is also a global patchwork of humans working together " "in a million different ways, in a million different capacities, for a " "million different reasons. While many have tried to guess what makes " -"Wikipedia work as well it does, the fact is there is no single " -"explanation. <quote>In a movement as large as ours, there is an incredible " -"diversity of motivations,</quote> Stephen said. For example, there is one " -"editor of the English Wikipedia edition who has corrected a single " -"grammatical error in articles more than forty-eight thousand " -"times.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Only a fraction of Wikipedia " -"users are also editors. But editing is not the only way to contribute to " -"Wikipedia. <quote>Some donate text, some donate images, some donate " -"financially,</quote> Stephen told us. <quote>They are all " -"contributors.</quote>" +"Wikipedia work as well it does, the fact is there is no single explanation. " +"<quote>In a movement as large as ours, there is an incredible diversity of " +"motivations,</quote> Stephen said. For example, there is one editor of the " +"English Wikipedia edition who has corrected a single grammatical error in " +"articles more than forty-eight thousand times.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> Only a fraction of Wikipedia users are also editors. But editing " +"is not the only way to contribute to Wikipedia. <quote>Some donate text, " +"some donate images, some donate financially,</quote> Stephen told us. " +"<quote>They are all contributors.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11944,19 +11949,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " "Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United " "States. They engage in extensive user testing and research to maximize the " "reach of their fund-raising campaigns. Their basic fund-raising message is " -"simple: We provide our readers and the world immense value, so give " -"back. Every little bit helps. With enough eyeballs, they are right." +"simple: We provide our readers and the world immense value, so give back. " +"Every little bit helps. With enough eyeballs, they are right." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11968,7 +11973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11977,7 +11982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -11986,22 +11991,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " -"but it is missing the digital equivalent of parks and open public " -"spaces,</quote> Stephen said. <quote>Wikipedia has found a way to be that " -"open public space.</quote>" +"but it is missing the digital equivalent of parks and open public spaces,</" +"quote> Stephen said. <quote>Wikipedia has found a way to be that open " +"public space.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12009,139 +12014,138 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " -"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf\"/> (licensed " -"under CC BY-NC-SA)." +"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" +"\"http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf\"/> (licensed under " +"CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" -"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open " -"Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> " -"(licensed under CC BY-SA)." +"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " +"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" +"WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licensed under CC BY-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " -"Collaborative, 2016. <ulink " -"url=\"http://thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." +"Collaborative, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-" +"transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" -"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the " -"Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." +"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " +"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " -"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through " -"Commons-Based Alternatives. A report on a Commons Strategies Group Workshop " -"in cooperation with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin, Germany, 2015. " -"<ulink " -"url=\"http://bollier.org/democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-pdf\"/>. " -"For more information, see <ulink " -"url=\"http://bollier.org/blog/democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>." +"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" +"Based Alternatives. A report on a Commons Strategies Group Workshop in " +"cooperation with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin, Germany, 2015. " +"<ulink url=\"http://bollier.org/democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-" +"pdf\"/>. For more information, see <ulink url=\"http://bollier.org/blog/" +"democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " "(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italy: City of Bologna, " -"2014). <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." +"2014). <ulink url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-" +"Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-" +"regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12149,46 +12153,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " -"url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." +"url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/" +">." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " -"of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink " -"url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-Knowledge\"/> (licensed under CC " -"BY-NC-ND)." +"of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-" +"Knowledge\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" -"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan " -"Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014." +"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " +"New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12196,151 +12200,151 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " -"2009. <ulink " -"url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." +"2009. <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" -"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared " -"Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." +"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " +"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" -"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " -"eds. Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." +"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " +"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" -"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. " -"Strandburg. <quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in " -"Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." +"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " +"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " +"and Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" -"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being " -"Creative. New York: Workman, 2012." +"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " +"New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " -"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680\"/>" +"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" +"news/technology-35709680\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12348,7 +12352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12356,51 +12360,51 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " -"book is available at <ulink " -"url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design\"/>." +"book is available at <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/value-" +"proposition-design\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " -"the Results? The Hague, Netherlands: Europeana Foundation, 2014. <ulink " -"url=\"http://pro.europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum\"/> " +"the Results? The Hague, Netherlands: Europeana Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" +"\"http://pro.europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum\"/> " "(licensed under CC BY-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " -"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.academia.edu/27143172/The_City_as_Commons_a_Policy_Reader\"/> " -"(licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." +"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." +"academia.edu/27143172/The_City_as_Commons_a_Policy_Reader\"/> (licensed " +"under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " -"Media, 2001. See esp. <quote>The Magic Cauldron.</quote> <ulink " -"url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." +"Media, 2001. See esp. <quote>The Magic Cauldron.</quote> <ulink url=\"http://" +"www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12408,7 +12412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12416,73 +12420,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 -msgid "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 +msgid "" +"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" -"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing " -"Economy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." +"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " +"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12490,59 +12495,59 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " "with Creative Commons Netherlands; Premsela, the Netherlands Institute for " -"Design and Fashion; and the Waag Society, 2011. <ulink " -"url=\"http://opendesignnow.org\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." +"Design and Fashion; and the Waag Society, 2011. <ulink url=\"http://" +"opendesignnow.org\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " -"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink " -"url=\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." +"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" +"\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " -"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC " -"BY-NC-ND)." +"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" +"NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" -"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and " -"Performance. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." +"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " +"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12552,7 +12557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12560,7 +12565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12570,16 +12575,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " -"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter " -"co-editors who read early drafts of our work and provided invaluable " -"feedback. Heartfelt thanks to all of you." +"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" +"editors who read early drafts of our work and provided invaluable feedback. " +"Heartfelt thanks to all of you." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12628,7 +12633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -12714,33 +12719,33 @@ msgid "" "Mcconville, David Mikula, David Nelson, David Orban, David Parry, David " "Spira, David T. Kindler, David Varnes, David Wiley, David Wormley, Deborah " "Nas, Denis Jean, dennis straub, Dennis Whittle, Denver Gingerich, Derek " -"Slater, Devon Cooke, Diana Pasek-Atkinson, Diane Johnston Graves, Diane " -"K. Kovacs, Diane Trout, Diderik van Wingerden, Diego Cuevas, Diego De La " -"Cruz, Dimitrie Grigorescu, Dina Marie Rodriguez, Dinah Fabela, Dirk Haun, " -"Dirk Kiefer, Dirk Loop, DJ Fusion - FuseBox Radio Broadcast, Dom jurkewitz, " -"Dom Lane, Domi Enders, Domingo Gallardo, Dominic de Haas, Dominique " -"Karadjian, Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, Doug Fitzpatrick, " -"Doug Hoover, Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, " -"Dr. Braddlee, Drew Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan Field, E C " -"Humphries, Eamon Caddigan, Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden Spodek, Eduardo " -"Belinchon, Eduardo Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, Ejnar Brendsdal, " -"Elad Wieder, Elar Haljas, Elena Valhalla, Eli Doran, Elias Bouchi, Elie " -"Calhoun, Elizabeth Holloway, Ellen Buecher, Ellen Kaye- Cheveldayoff, Elli " -"Verhulst, Elroy Fernandes, Emery Hurst Mikel, Emily Catedral, Enrique " -"Mandujano R., Eric Astor, Eric Axelrod, Eric Celeste, Eric Finkenbiner, Eric " -"Hellman, Eric Steuer, Erica Fletcher, Erik Hedman, Erik Lindholm Bundgaard, " -"Erika Reid, Erin Hawley, Erin McKean of Wordnik, Ernest Risner, Erwan " -"Bousse, Erwin Bell, Ethan Celery, Étienne Gilli, Eugeen Sablin, Evan " -"Tangman, Evonne Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio Natali, Fauxton " -"Software, Felix Deierlein, Felix Gebauer, Felix Maximiliano Obes, Felix " -"Schmidt, Felix Zephyr Hsiao, Ferdies Food Lab, Fernand Deschambault, Filipe " -"Rodrigues, Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, fiona.mac.uk, Floor Scheffer, " -"Florent Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian Schneider, Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot " -"Games, Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-Portillo, Francois Dechery, Francois " -"Grey, François Gros, François Pelletier, Fred Benenson, Frédéric Abella, " -"Frédéric Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, Fumi Yamazaki, Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel " -"Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, Gal Buki, Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, " -"Gary Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de Broucker, Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de " +"Slater, Devon Cooke, Diana Pasek-Atkinson, Diane Johnston Graves, Diane K. " +"Kovacs, Diane Trout, Diderik van Wingerden, Diego Cuevas, Diego De La Cruz, " +"Dimitrie Grigorescu, Dina Marie Rodriguez, Dinah Fabela, Dirk Haun, Dirk " +"Kiefer, Dirk Loop, DJ Fusion - FuseBox Radio Broadcast, Dom jurkewitz, Dom " +"Lane, Domi Enders, Domingo Gallardo, Dominic de Haas, Dominique Karadjian, " +"Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, Doug Fitzpatrick, Doug Hoover, " +"Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, Dr. Braddlee, Drew " +"Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan Field, E C Humphries, Eamon " +"Caddigan, Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden Spodek, Eduardo Belinchon, Eduardo " +"Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, Ejnar Brendsdal, Elad Wieder, Elar " +"Haljas, Elena Valhalla, Eli Doran, Elias Bouchi, Elie Calhoun, Elizabeth " +"Holloway, Ellen Buecher, Ellen Kaye- Cheveldayoff, Elli Verhulst, Elroy " +"Fernandes, Emery Hurst Mikel, Emily Catedral, Enrique Mandujano R., Eric " +"Astor, Eric Axelrod, Eric Celeste, Eric Finkenbiner, Eric Hellman, Eric " +"Steuer, Erica Fletcher, Erik Hedman, Erik Lindholm Bundgaard, Erika Reid, " +"Erin Hawley, Erin McKean of Wordnik, Ernest Risner, Erwan Bousse, Erwin " +"Bell, Ethan Celery, Étienne Gilli, Eugeen Sablin, Evan Tangman, Evonne " +"Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio Natali, Fauxton Software, Felix " +"Deierlein, Felix Gebauer, Felix Maximiliano Obes, Felix Schmidt, Felix " +"Zephyr Hsiao, Ferdies Food Lab, Fernand Deschambault, Filipe Rodrigues, " +"Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, fiona.mac.uk, Floor Scheffer, Florent " +"Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian Schneider, Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot Games, " +"Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-Portillo, Francois Dechery, Francois Grey, " +"François Gros, François Pelletier, Fred Benenson, Frédéric Abella, Frédéric " +"Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, Fumi Yamazaki, Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel Staples, " +"Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, Gal Buki, Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, Gary " +"Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de Broucker, Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de " "Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, Geoff Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George " "Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, George Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, " "Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil Stendig, Gino Cingolani Trucco, " @@ -12765,126 +12770,125 @@ msgid "" "James Chesky, James Cloos, James Docherty, James Ellars, James K Wood, James " "Tyler, Jamie Finlay, Jamie Stevens, Jamil Khatib, Jan E Ellison, Jan Gondol, " "Jan Sepp, Jan Zuppinger, Jane Finette, jane Lofton, Jane Mason, Jane Park, " -"Janos Kovacs, Jasmina Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu, Jason Cole, Jason " -"E. Barkeloo, Jason Hibbets, Jason Owen, Jason Sigal, Jay M Williams, Jazzy " -"Bear Brown, JC Lara, Jean-Baptiste Carré, Jean-Philippe Dufraigne, " -"Jean-Philippe Turcotte, Jean-Yves Hemlin, Jeanette Frey, Jeff Atwood, Jeff " -"De Cagna, Jeff Donoghue, Jeff Edwards, Jeff Hilnbrand, Jeff Lowe, Jeff " -"Rasalla, Jeff Ski Kinsey, Jeff Smith, Jeffrey L Tucker, Jeffrey Meyer, Jen " -"Garcia, Jens Erat, Jeppe Bager Skjerning, Jeremy Dudet, Jeremy Russell, " -"Jeremy Sabo, Jeremy Zauder, Jerko Grubisic, Jerome Glacken, Jérôme Mizeret, " -"Jessica Dickinson Goodman, Jessica Litman, Jessica Mackay, Jessy Kate " -"Schingler, Jesús Longás Gamarra, Jesus Marin, Jim Matt, Jim Meloy, Jim " -"O’Flaherty, Jim Pellegrini, Jim Tittsler, Jimmy Alenius, Jiří Marek, Jo " -"Allum, Joachim Brandon LeBlanc, Joachim Pileborg, Joachim von Goetz, Joakim " -"Bang Larsen, Joan Rieu, Joanna Penn, João Almeida, Jochen Muetsch, Jodi " -"Sandfort, Joe Cardillo, Joe Carpita, Joe Moross, Joerg Fricke, Johan Adda, " -"Johan Meeusen, Johannes Förstner, Johannes Visintini, John Benfield, John " -"Bevan, John C Patterson, John Crumrine, John Dimatos, John Feyler, John " -"Huntsman, John Manoogian III, John Muller, John Ober, John Paul Blodgett, " -"John Pearce, John Shale, John Sharp, John Simpson, John Sumser, John Weeks, " -"John Wilbanks, John Worland, Johnny Mayall, Jollean Matsen, Jon Alberdi, Jon " -"Andersen, Jon Cohrs, Jon Gotlin, Jon Schull, Jon Selmer Friborg, Jon Smith, " -"Jonas Öberg, Jonas Weitzmann, Jonathan Campbell, Jonathan Deamer, Jonathan " -"Holst, Jonathan Lin, Jonathan Schmid, Jonathan Yao, Jordon Kalilich, Jörg " -"Schwarz, Jose Antonio Gallego Vázquez, Joseph Mcarthur, Joseph Noll, Joseph " -"Sullivan, Joseph Tucker, Josh Bernhard, Josh Tong, Joshua Tobkin, JP " -"Rangaswami, Juan Carlos Belair, Juan Irming, Juan Pablo Carbajal, Juan Pablo " -"Marin Diaz, Judith Newman, Judy Tuan, Jukka Hellén, Julia Benson-Slaughter, " -"Julia Devonshire, Julian Fietkau, Julie Harboe, Julien Brossoit, Julien " -"Leroy, Juliet Chen, Julio Terra, Julius Mikkelä, Justin Christian, Justin " -"Grimes, Justin Jones, Justin Szlasa, Justin Walsh, JustinChung.com, K. J. " -"Przybylski, Kaloyan Raev, Kamil Śliwowski, Kaniska Padhi, Kara Malenfant, " -"Kara Monroe, Karen Pe, Karl Jahn, Karl Jonsson, Karl Nelson, Kasia " -"Zygmuntowicz, Kat Lim, Kate Chapman, Kate Stewart, Kathleen Beck, Kathleen " -"Hanrahan, Kathryn Abuzzahab, Kathryn Deiss, Kathryn Rose, Kathy Payne, Katie " -"Lynn Daniels, Katie Meek, Katie Teague, Katrina Hennessy, Katriona Main, " -"Kavan Antani, Keith Adams, Keith Berndtson, MD, Keith Luebke, Kellie " -"Higginbottom, Ken Friis Larsen, Ken Haase, Ken Torbeck, Kendel Ratley, " -"Kendra Byrne, Kerry Hicks, Kevin Brown, Kevin Coates, Kevin Flynn, Kevin " -"Rumon, Kevin Shannon, Kevin Taylor, Kevin Tostado, Kewhyun Kelly-Yuoh, Kiane " -"l’Azin, Kianosh Pourian, Kiran Kadekoppa, Kit Walsh, Klaus Mickus, Konrad " -"Rennert, Kris Kasianovitz, Kristian Lundquist, Kristin Buxton, Kristina " -"Popova, Kristofer Bratt, Kristoffer Steen, Kumar McMillan, Kurt Whittemore, " -"Kyle Pinches, Kyle Simpson, L Eaton, Lalo Martins, Lane Rasberry, Larry " -"Garfield, Larry Singer, Lars Josephsen, Lars Klaeboe, Laura Anne Brown, " -"Laura Billings, Laura Ferejohn, Lauren Pedersen, Laurence Gonsalves, Laurent " -"Muchacho, Laurie Racine, Laurie Reynolds, Lawrence M. Schoen, Leandro " -"Pangilinan, Leigh Verlandson, Lenka Gondolova, Leonardo Bueno Postacchini, " -"leonardo menegola, Lesley Mitchell, Leslie Krumholz, Leticia Britos " -"Cavagnaro, Levi Bostian, Leyla Acaroglu, Liisa Ummelas, Lilly Kashmir " -"Marques, Lior Mazliah, Lisa Bjerke, Lisa Brewster, Lisa Canning, Lisa " -"Cronin, Lisa Di Valentino, Lisandro Gaertner, Livia Leskovec, Liynn " -"Worldlaw, Liz Berg, Liz White, Logan Cox, Loki Carbis, Lora Lynn, Lorna " -"Prescott, Lou Yufan, Louie Amphlett, Louis-David Benyayer, Louise Denman, " -"Luca Corsato, Luca Lesinigo, Luca Palli, Luca Pianigiani, Luca S.G. de " -"Marinis, Lucas Lopez, Lukas Mathis, Luke Chamberlin, Luke Chesser, Luke " -"Woodbury, Lulu Tang, Lydia Pintscher, M Alexander Jurkat, Maarten Sander, " -"Macie J Klosowski, Magnus Adamsson, Magnus Killingberg, Mahmoud Abu-Wardeh, " -"Maik Schmalstich, Maiken Håvarstein, Maira Sutton, Mairi Thomson, Mandy " -"Wultsch, Manickkavasakam Rajasekar, Marc Bogonovich, Marc Harpster, Marc " -"Martí, Marc Olivier Bastien, Marc Stober, Marc-André Martin, Marcel de " -"Leeuwe, Marcel Hill, Marcia Hofmann, Marcin Olender, Marco Massarotto, Marco " -"Montanari, Marco Morales, Marcos Medionegro, Marcus Bitzl, Marcus Norrgren, " -"Margaret Gary, Mari Moreshead, Maria Liberman, Marielle Hsu, Marino " -"Hernandez, Mario Lurig, Mario R. Hemsley, MD, Marissa Demers, Mark Chandler, " -"Mark Cohen, Mark De Solla Price, Mark Gabby, Mark Gray, Mark Koudritsky, " -"Mark Kupfer, Mark Lednor, Mark McGuire, Mark Moleda, Mark Mullen, Mark " -"Murphy, Mark Perot, Mark Reeder, Mark Spickett, Mark Vincent Adams, Mark " -"Waks, Mark Zuccarell II, Markus Deimann, Markus Jaritz, Markus Luethi, " -"Marshal Miller, Marshall Warner, Martijn Arets, Martin Beaudoin, Martin " -"Decky, Martin DeMello, Martin Humpolec, Martin Mayr, Martin Peck, Martin " -"Sanchez, Martino Loco, Martti Remmelgas, Martyn Eggleton, Martyn Lewis, Mary " -"Ellen Davis, Mary Heacock, Mary Hess, Mary Mi, Masahiro Takagi, Mason Du, " -"Massimo V.A. Manzari, Mathias Bavay, Mathias Nicolajsen Kjærgaard, Matias " -"Kruk, Matija Nalis, Matt Alcock, Matt Black, Matt Broach, Matt Hall, Matt " -"Haughey, Matt Lee, Matt Plec, Matt Skoss, Matt Thompson, Matt Vance, Matt " -"Wagstaff, Matteo Cocco, Matthew Bendert, Matthew Bergholt, Matthew Darlison, " -"Matthew Epler, Matthew Hawken, Matthew Heimbecker, Matthew Orstad, Matthew " -"Peterworth, Matthew Sheehy, Matthew Tucker, Adaptive Handy Apps, LLC, " -"Mattias Axell, Max Green, Max Kossatz, Max lupo, Max Temkin, Max van " -"Balgooy, Médéric Droz-dit-Busset, Megan Ingle, Megan Wacha, Meghan " -"Finlayson, Melissa Aho, Melissa Sterry, Melle Funambuline, Menachem " -"Goldstein, Micah Bridges, Michael Ailberto, Michael Anderson, Michael " -"Andersson Skane, Michael C. Stewart, Michael Carroll, Michael Cavette, " -"Michael Crees, Michael David Johas Teener, Michael Dennis Moore, Michael " -"Freundt Karlsen, Michael Harries, Michael Hawel, Michael Lewis, Michael May, " -"Michael Murphy, Michael Murvine, Michael Perkins, Michael Sauers, Michael " -"St.Onge, Michael Stanford, Michael Stanley, Michael Underwood, Michael " -"Weiss, Michael Wright, Michael-Andreas Kuttner, Michaela Voigt, Michal " -"Rosenn, Michał Szymański, Michel Gallez, Michell Zappa, Michelle Heeyeon " -"You, Miha Batic, Mik Ishmael, Mikael Andersson, Mike Chelen, Mike Habicher, " -"Mike Maloney, Mike Masnick, Mike McDaniel, Mike Pouraryan, Mike Sheldon, " -"Mike Stop Continues, Mike Stringer, Mike Wittenstein, Mikkel Ovesen, Mikołaj " -"Podlaszewski, Millie Gonzalez, Mindi Lovell, Mindy Lin, Mirko " -"<quote>Macro</quote> Fichtner, Mitch Featherston, Mitchell Adams, Molika " -"Oum, Molly Shaffer Van Houweling, Monica Mora, Morgan Loomis, Moritz " -"Schubert, Mrs. Paganini, Mushin Schilling, Mustafa K Calik, MD, Myk Pilgrim, " -"Myra Harmer, Nadine Forget-Dubois, Nagle Industries, LLC, Nah Wee Yang, " -"Natalie Brown, Natalie Freed, Nathan D Howell, Nathan Massey, Nathan Miller, " -"Neal Gorenflo, Neal McBurnett, Neal Stimler, Neil Wilson, Nele Wollert, " -"Neuchee Chang, Niall McDonagh, Niall Twohig, Nic McPhee, Nicholas Bentley, " -"Nicholas Koran, Nicholas Norfolk, Nicholas Potter, Nick Bell, Nick Coghlan, " -"Nick Isaacs, Nick M. Daly, Nick Vance, Nickolay Vedernikov, Nicky " -"Weaver-Weinberg, Nico Prin, Nicolas Weidinger, Nicole Hickman, Niek " -"Theunissen, Nigel Robertson, Nikki Thompson, Nikko Marie, Nikola Chernev, " -"Nils Lavesson, Noah Blumenson-Cook, Noah Fang, Noah Kardos-Fein, Noah " -"Meyerhans, Noel Hanigan, Noel Hart, Norrie Mailer, O.P. Gobée, Ohad Mayblum, " -"Olivia Wilson, Olivier De Doncker, Olivier Schulbaum, Olle Ahnve, Omar " -"Kaminski, Omar Willey, OpenBuilds, Ove Ødegård, Øystein Kjærnet, Pablo López " -"Soriano, Pablo Vasquez, Pacific Design, Paige Mackay, Papp István Péter, " -"Paris Marx, Parker Higgins, Pasquale Borriello, Pat Allan, Pat Hawks, Pat " -"Ludwig, Pat Sticks, Patricia Brennan, Patricia Rosnel, Patricia Wolf, " -"Patrick Berry, Patrick Beseda, Patrick Hurley, Patrick M. Lozeau, Patrick " -"McCabe, Patrick Nafarrete, Patrick Tanguay, Patrick von Hauff, Patrik " -"Kernstock, Patti J Ryan, Paul A Golder, Paul and Iris Brest, Paul Bailey, " -"Paul Bryan, Paul Bunkham, Paul Elosegui, Paul Hibbitts, Paul Jacobson, Paul " -"Keller, Paul Rowe, Paul Timpson, Paul Walker, Pavel Dostál, Peeter Sällström " -"Randsalu, Peggy Frith, Pen-Yuan Hsing, Penny Pearson, Per Åström, Perry " -"Jetter, Péter Fankhauser, Peter Hirtle, Peter Humphries, Peter Jenkins, " -"Peter Langmar, Peter le Roux, Peter Marinari, Peter Mengelers, Peter " -"O’Brien, Peter Pinch, Peter S. Crosby, Peter Wells, Petr Fristedt, Petr " -"Viktorin, Petronella Jeurissen, Phil Flickinger, Philip Chung, Philip " +"Janos Kovacs, Jasmina Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu, Jason Cole, Jason E. 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Scholl, Theresa Bernardo, Thibault Badenas, " +"Thomas Bacig, Thomas Boehnlein, Thomas Bøvith, Thomas Chang, Thomas Hartman, " +"Thomas Kent, Thomas Morgan, Thomas Philipp-Edmonds, Thomas Thrush, Thomas " +"Werkmeister, Tieg Zaharia, Tieu Thuy Nguyen, Tim Chambers, Tim Cook, Tim " +"Evers, Tim Nichols, Tim Stahmer, Timothée Planté, Timothy Arfsten, Timothy " +"Hinchliff, Timothy Vollmer, Tina Coffman, Tisza Gergő, Tobias Schonwetter, " +"Todd Brown, Todd Pousley, Todd Sattersten, Tom Bamford, Tom Caswell, Tom " +"Goren, Tom Kent, Tom MacWright, Tom Maillioux, Tom Merkli, Tom Merritt, Tom " +"Myers, Tom Olijhoek, Tom Rubin, Tommaso De Benetti, Tommy Dahlen, Tony Ciak, " +"Tony Nwachukwu, Torsten Skomp, Tracey Depellegrin, Tracey Henton, Tracey " +"James, Traci Long DeForge, Trent Yarwood, Trevor Hogue, Trey Blalock, Trey " +"Hunner, Tryggvi Björgvinsson, Tumuult, Tushar Roy, Tyler Occhiogrosso, Udo " +"Blenkhorn, Uri Sivan, Vanja Bobas, Vantharith Oum, Vaughan jenkins, Veethika " +"Mishra, Vic King, Vickie Goode, Victor DePina, Victor Grigas, Victoria " +"Klassen, Victorien Elvinger, VIGA Manufacture, Vikas Shah, Vinayak S." +"Kaujalgi, Vincent O’Leary, Violette Paquet, Virginia Gentilini, Virginia " +"Kopelman, Vitor Menezes, Vivian Marthell, Wayne Mackintosh, Wendy Keenan, " +"Werner Wiethege, Wesley Derbyshire, Widar Hellwig, Willa Köerner, William " +"Bettridge-Radford, William Jefferson, William Marshall, William Peter Nash, " +"William Ray, William Robins, Willow Rosenberg, Winie Evers, Wolfgang " +"Renninger, Xavier Antoviaque, Xavier Hugonet, Xavier Moisant, Xueqi Li, " +"Yancey Strickler, Yann Heurtaux, Yasmine Hajjar, Yu-Hsian Sun, Yves " +"Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, " +"ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" diff --git a/po/uk/mwcc.po b/po/uk/mwcc.po index 42fb372..c2a7796 100644 --- a/po/uk/mwcc.po +++ b/po/uk/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-01-26 19:21+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Lino Bico <bicolino34@gmail.com>\n" "Language-Team: Ukrainian <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ msgstr "" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" -"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=" -"4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2;\n" +"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n" +"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2;\n" "X-Generator: Weblate 3.11-dev\n" #. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> @@ -24,9 +24,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "uk" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "Made with Creative Commons" @@ -67,9 +66,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -81,100 +79,97 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 -msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 +msgid "" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. " +"License details: <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" +"\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid "" "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter." +"com platform." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 -msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " @@ -184,17 +179,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -206,7 +201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " @@ -216,7 +211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -226,7 +221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -237,7 +232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -247,7 +242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -258,7 +253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -270,7 +265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -283,7 +278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -296,7 +291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -306,7 +301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -317,7 +312,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -329,7 +324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -337,7 +332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -348,7 +343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -364,7 +359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -376,7 +371,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -388,7 +383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -398,34 +393,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -439,7 +434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -449,14 +444,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -466,7 +461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -476,7 +471,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -487,7 +482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -499,14 +494,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -517,7 +512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -529,7 +524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -538,7 +533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -546,7 +541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -554,7 +549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -564,33 +559,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -602,7 +597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -615,19 +610,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -642,17 +637,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -661,12 +656,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -679,7 +674,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -687,7 +682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -700,7 +695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -711,7 +706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -720,28 +715,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -753,12 +748,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -767,7 +762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -779,7 +774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -790,23 +785,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -815,7 +810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -827,7 +822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -839,7 +834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -849,7 +844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -861,7 +856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -873,12 +868,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -886,7 +881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -897,7 +892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -908,14 +903,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -932,23 +927,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -956,7 +951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -966,7 +961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -974,12 +969,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -990,12 +985,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1004,7 +999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1013,7 +1008,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1024,7 +1019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1035,7 +1030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1046,7 +1041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1055,12 +1050,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1071,7 +1066,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1081,7 +1076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1089,7 +1084,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1102,23 +1097,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1126,7 +1121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1139,7 +1134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1155,25 +1150,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1185,7 +1180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1193,7 +1188,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1213,7 +1208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1226,14 +1221,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1247,7 +1242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1256,23 +1251,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1280,12 +1275,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1293,12 +1288,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1306,28 +1301,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1344,7 +1339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1353,7 +1348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1366,7 +1361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1381,7 +1376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1389,7 +1384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1399,14 +1394,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "Зроблено з Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1417,7 +1412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1425,7 +1420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1442,7 +1437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1452,14 +1447,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1471,7 +1466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1485,7 +1480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1495,7 +1490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1503,7 +1498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1517,22 +1512,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1548,7 +1543,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1556,7 +1551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1566,7 +1561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1577,7 +1572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1585,7 +1580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1598,14 +1593,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1625,7 +1620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1633,7 +1628,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1647,7 +1642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1662,7 +1657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1670,7 +1665,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1682,7 +1677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1691,7 +1686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1699,14 +1694,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1721,7 +1716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1729,7 +1724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1740,14 +1735,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1758,7 +1753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1773,7 +1768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1787,7 +1782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1797,7 +1792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1812,12 +1807,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1826,7 +1821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1836,7 +1831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1850,7 +1845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1864,7 +1859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1872,7 +1867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1888,7 +1883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1902,7 +1897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1917,7 +1912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1933,7 +1928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1942,12 +1937,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -1960,7 +1955,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -1970,7 +1965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -1982,7 +1977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -1992,7 +1987,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2001,7 +1996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2016,7 +2011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2027,7 +2022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2038,19 +2033,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Зроблено з Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2067,7 +2062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2079,7 +2074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2087,7 +2082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2098,7 +2093,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2106,7 +2101,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2119,7 +2114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2128,7 +2123,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2140,7 +2135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2153,7 +2148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2163,7 +2158,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2178,7 +2173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2192,7 +2187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2202,14 +2197,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2224,7 +2219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2236,7 +2231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2248,7 +2243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2256,7 +2251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2269,12 +2264,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2289,7 +2284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2297,7 +2292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2311,12 +2306,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2334,7 +2329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2349,7 +2344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2359,7 +2354,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2367,26 +2362,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2407,26 +2402,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2445,12 +2440,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2467,12 +2462,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2481,7 +2476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2494,12 +2489,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2510,7 +2505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2521,7 +2516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2538,12 +2533,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2555,12 +2550,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2574,19 +2569,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2600,7 +2595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2610,12 +2605,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2631,17 +2626,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2653,12 +2648,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2666,7 +2661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2684,7 +2679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2699,7 +2694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2714,7 +2709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2725,12 +2720,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2741,12 +2736,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2763,7 +2758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2780,12 +2775,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2794,12 +2789,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2813,29 +2808,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2852,12 +2847,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2869,17 +2864,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2895,12 +2890,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -2909,7 +2904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -2927,12 +2922,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2944,7 +2939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2955,24 +2950,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -2984,12 +2979,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3007,12 +3002,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3026,7 +3021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3037,7 +3032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3046,24 +3041,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3076,17 +3071,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3110,12 +3105,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3126,12 +3121,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3140,12 +3135,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3161,22 +3156,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3192,12 +3187,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3211,17 +3206,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3235,13 +3230,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3252,12 +3247,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3270,12 +3265,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3284,7 +3279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3298,7 +3293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3308,17 +3303,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3328,13 +3323,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3349,12 +3344,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3367,12 +3362,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3390,7 +3385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3401,12 +3396,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3423,7 +3418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3434,7 +3429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3442,7 +3437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3450,7 +3445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3463,7 +3458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3478,7 +3473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3487,19 +3482,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3510,14 +3505,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3533,7 +3528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3547,12 +3542,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3565,22 +3560,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3594,17 +3589,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3621,22 +3616,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3654,12 +3649,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3672,12 +3667,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3691,22 +3686,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3720,7 +3715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3728,17 +3723,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3754,12 +3749,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3772,7 +3767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3785,12 +3780,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3800,19 +3795,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3825,17 +3820,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3852,17 +3847,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3878,19 +3873,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3899,14 +3894,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3922,7 +3917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -3930,7 +3925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3946,7 +3941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3958,28 +3953,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -3995,12 +3990,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4013,17 +4008,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4044,19 +4039,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4072,14 +4067,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4093,14 +4088,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "Зроблено з Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4115,29 +4110,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4146,12 +4141,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4162,12 +4157,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4175,12 +4170,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4189,12 +4184,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4202,12 +4197,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4216,7 +4211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4224,31 +4219,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4261,7 +4256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4276,7 +4271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4291,7 +4286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4300,7 +4295,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4314,12 +4309,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4328,12 +4323,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4345,7 +4340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4355,24 +4350,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4380,38 +4375,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4427,7 +4422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4438,7 +4433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4449,7 +4444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4461,7 +4456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4472,7 +4467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4483,7 +4478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4498,7 +4493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4514,7 +4509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4525,7 +4520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4535,7 +4530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4549,7 +4544,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4562,12 +4557,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4581,7 +4576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4596,7 +4591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4610,7 +4605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4622,7 +4617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4633,12 +4628,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4655,7 +4650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4665,7 +4660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4676,7 +4671,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4684,12 +4679,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4697,45 +4692,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4744,12 +4739,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4762,7 +4757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4777,7 +4772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4790,7 +4785,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4801,7 +4796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4811,7 +4806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4821,7 +4816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4838,7 +4833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4848,7 +4843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4861,7 +4856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4873,7 +4868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4883,7 +4878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4891,7 +4886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -4906,7 +4901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4917,7 +4912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -4927,7 +4922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4937,43 +4932,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -4986,7 +4981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -4998,7 +4993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5007,7 +5002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5020,7 +5015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5034,7 +5029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5045,7 +5040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5057,7 +5052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5069,7 +5064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5079,7 +5074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5094,7 +5089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5106,7 +5101,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5117,7 +5112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5134,7 +5129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5143,7 +5138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5154,7 +5149,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5163,7 +5158,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5175,46 +5170,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5223,7 +5218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5235,7 +5230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5245,7 +5240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5254,7 +5249,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5264,7 +5259,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5272,7 +5267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5287,7 +5282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5295,7 +5290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5304,7 +5299,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5320,7 +5315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5328,7 +5323,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5337,7 +5332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5348,7 +5343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5363,7 +5358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5373,7 +5368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5382,7 +5377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5397,7 +5392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5410,7 +5405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5423,7 +5418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5433,7 +5428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5444,7 +5439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5454,7 +5449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5463,12 +5458,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5476,12 +5471,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5489,13 +5484,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5506,7 +5501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5516,7 +5511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5537,7 +5532,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5552,7 +5547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5566,7 +5561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5578,12 +5573,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5600,7 +5595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5614,7 +5609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5624,7 +5619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5635,7 +5630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5647,7 +5642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5658,7 +5653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5668,7 +5663,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5680,7 +5675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5690,7 +5685,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5698,7 +5693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5708,38 +5703,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5750,7 +5745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5758,7 +5753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5770,7 +5765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5778,7 +5773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5796,7 +5791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5812,7 +5807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5824,7 +5819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5836,7 +5831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5851,7 +5846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5861,7 +5856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5871,7 +5866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5888,7 +5883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5904,7 +5899,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5920,7 +5915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -5933,7 +5928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5946,7 +5941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5959,7 +5954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -5972,7 +5967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -5982,17 +5977,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6000,29 +5995,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6035,7 +6030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6043,7 +6038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6054,7 +6049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6063,7 +6058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6071,7 +6066,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6082,7 +6077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6092,7 +6087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6101,7 +6096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6111,7 +6106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6120,7 +6115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6133,7 +6128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6145,7 +6140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6161,7 +6156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6173,7 +6168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6185,7 +6180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6199,7 +6194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6211,7 +6206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6222,21 +6217,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6250,7 +6245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6263,12 +6258,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6282,7 +6277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6292,7 +6287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6307,12 +6302,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6320,37 +6315,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6371,7 +6366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6384,7 +6379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6399,7 +6394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6417,14 +6412,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6442,7 +6437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6457,7 +6452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6477,7 +6472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6486,7 +6481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6503,7 +6498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6518,12 +6513,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6533,12 +6528,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6547,7 +6542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6556,7 +6551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6570,7 +6565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6582,7 +6577,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6597,7 +6592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6608,7 +6603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6616,7 +6611,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6624,7 +6619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6637,7 +6632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6646,7 +6641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6658,7 +6653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6668,12 +6663,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6681,30 +6676,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6721,7 +6716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6730,7 +6725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6739,7 +6734,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6757,7 +6752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6768,7 +6763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6779,7 +6774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6789,7 +6784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6802,35 +6797,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6839,7 +6834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6847,12 +6842,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6861,7 +6856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6873,14 +6868,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6894,7 +6889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6907,7 +6902,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6923,7 +6918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6931,7 +6926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6943,7 +6938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6951,7 +6946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6959,7 +6954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -6971,13 +6966,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6990,7 +6985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7002,7 +6997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7012,7 +7007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7026,14 +7021,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7046,7 +7041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7059,48 +7054,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7124,7 +7119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7136,7 +7131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7147,7 +7142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7157,7 +7152,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7172,33 +7167,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7208,7 +7203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7218,7 +7213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7227,7 +7222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7238,7 +7233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7256,7 +7251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7269,7 +7264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7282,7 +7277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7292,7 +7287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7305,7 +7300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7315,7 +7310,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7329,7 +7324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7341,7 +7336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7353,7 +7348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7364,7 +7359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7377,7 +7372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7388,7 +7383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7397,7 +7392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7410,7 +7405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7422,26 +7417,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7449,12 +7444,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7468,7 +7463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7481,7 +7476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7490,7 +7485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7502,7 +7497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7519,7 +7514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7530,7 +7525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7541,7 +7536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7552,7 +7547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7564,7 +7559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7574,7 +7569,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7586,7 +7581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7600,7 +7595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7617,7 +7612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7626,7 +7621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7640,7 +7635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7651,7 +7646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7661,7 +7656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7671,7 +7666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7679,12 +7674,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7692,30 +7687,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7723,7 +7718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7734,7 +7729,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7744,7 +7739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7754,14 +7749,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7773,7 +7768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7783,7 +7778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7794,7 +7789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7803,7 +7798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7818,7 +7813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7831,7 +7826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7841,7 +7836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7857,7 +7852,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7872,7 +7867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7880,7 +7875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7893,14 +7888,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7909,7 +7904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7918,7 +7913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7933,7 +7928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7943,7 +7938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -7952,7 +7947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7963,7 +7958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -7972,7 +7967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -7984,7 +7979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7993,7 +7988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8005,7 +8000,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8017,12 +8012,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8030,31 +8025,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8066,7 +8061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8080,7 +8075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8090,38 +8085,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8132,7 +8127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8142,7 +8137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8152,7 +8147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8162,19 +8157,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8189,7 +8184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8204,7 +8199,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8215,7 +8210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8225,7 +8220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8236,13 +8231,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8250,7 +8245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8260,7 +8255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8269,7 +8264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8280,7 +8275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8293,14 +8288,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8308,7 +8303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8319,12 +8314,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8335,7 +8330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8344,7 +8339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8353,7 +8348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8372,7 +8367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8380,7 +8375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8389,46 +8384,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8436,32 +8431,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8470,7 +8465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8488,7 +8483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8497,7 +8492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8510,7 +8505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8520,7 +8515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8528,7 +8523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8538,12 +8533,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8552,7 +8547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8561,7 +8556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8573,12 +8568,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8591,7 +8586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8599,14 +8594,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8614,14 +8609,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8629,7 +8624,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8638,14 +8633,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8654,24 +8649,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8684,34 +8679,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8719,7 +8714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8729,7 +8724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8740,7 +8735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8750,7 +8745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8760,12 +8755,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8777,7 +8772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8787,29 +8782,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8817,28 +8812,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8851,7 +8846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8861,7 +8856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8869,12 +8864,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8882,31 +8877,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8920,7 +8915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8933,7 +8928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8947,14 +8942,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -8967,7 +8962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8978,7 +8973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8988,7 +8983,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8997,12 +8992,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9012,7 +9007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9021,7 +9016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9034,7 +9029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9046,7 +9041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9058,7 +9053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9071,7 +9066,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9081,7 +9076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9093,7 +9088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9108,7 +9103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9119,7 +9114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9133,7 +9128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9152,7 +9147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9164,7 +9159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9176,7 +9171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9188,34 +9183,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9224,7 +9219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9233,7 +9228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9243,7 +9238,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9256,22 +9251,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9280,12 +9275,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9293,7 +9288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9302,7 +9297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9311,7 +9306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9322,7 +9317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9338,7 +9333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9351,7 +9346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9365,7 +9360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9379,7 +9374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9398,7 +9393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9408,7 +9403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9420,7 +9415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9434,7 +9429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9446,7 +9441,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9457,7 +9452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9469,7 +9464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9481,7 +9476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9492,7 +9487,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9504,7 +9499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9519,7 +9514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9531,7 +9526,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9543,12 +9538,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9556,30 +9551,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9595,7 +9590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9609,7 +9604,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9623,7 +9618,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9637,7 +9632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9651,7 +9646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9663,7 +9658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9671,7 +9666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9689,7 +9684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9700,7 +9695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9708,7 +9703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9719,7 +9714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9728,7 +9723,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9739,7 +9734,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9749,7 +9744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9773,7 +9768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9781,7 +9776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9790,7 +9785,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9804,7 +9799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9813,7 +9808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9831,7 +9826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9843,17 +9838,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9869,7 +9864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9881,7 +9876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9893,7 +9888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9901,24 +9896,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9926,19 +9921,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9955,7 +9950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9971,7 +9966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9982,12 +9977,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10003,7 +9998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10017,7 +10012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10032,7 +10027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10045,7 +10040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10061,7 +10056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10072,7 +10067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10087,12 +10082,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10103,7 +10098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10116,7 +10111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10125,7 +10120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10138,14 +10133,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10159,7 +10154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10168,14 +10163,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10193,7 +10188,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10201,7 +10196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10212,7 +10207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10227,7 +10222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10247,42 +10242,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10295,7 +10290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10309,7 +10304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10320,7 +10315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10333,7 +10328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10346,7 +10341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10359,7 +10354,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10375,7 +10370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10391,7 +10386,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10403,7 +10398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10412,7 +10407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10424,7 +10419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10438,7 +10433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10450,7 +10445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10460,7 +10455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10478,7 +10473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10487,12 +10482,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10500,29 +10495,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10532,7 +10527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10541,7 +10536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10551,12 +10546,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10568,7 +10563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10578,7 +10573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10587,12 +10582,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10604,7 +10599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10614,7 +10609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10630,12 +10625,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10647,7 +10642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10656,7 +10651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10667,7 +10662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10678,7 +10673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10689,7 +10684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10703,7 +10698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10712,7 +10707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10723,7 +10718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10735,7 +10730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10746,7 +10741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10755,7 +10750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10766,7 +10761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10779,7 +10774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10790,7 +10785,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10800,12 +10795,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10815,7 +10810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10827,7 +10822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10838,7 +10833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10851,7 +10846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10863,7 +10858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10873,7 +10868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10886,7 +10881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10895,7 +10890,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10905,7 +10900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10921,42 +10916,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10966,7 +10961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -10975,7 +10970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10986,7 +10981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -10998,7 +10993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11007,7 +11002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11019,7 +11014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11031,7 +11026,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11044,7 +11039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11055,7 +11050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11066,7 +11061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11076,7 +11071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11085,7 +11080,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11098,7 +11093,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11110,7 +11105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11126,7 +11121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11138,7 +11133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11148,7 +11143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11162,7 +11157,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11175,7 +11170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11187,7 +11182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11202,12 +11197,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11215,29 +11210,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11246,7 +11241,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11261,7 +11256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11282,7 +11277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11296,7 +11291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11304,7 +11299,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11321,7 +11316,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11332,7 +11327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11343,7 +11338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11359,7 +11354,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11376,7 +11371,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11396,7 +11391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11411,7 +11406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11424,7 +11419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11436,7 +11431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11451,7 +11446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11462,7 +11457,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11473,12 +11468,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11486,24 +11481,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11514,7 +11509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11526,7 +11521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11538,7 +11533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11548,7 +11543,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11558,12 +11553,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11576,7 +11571,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11597,7 +11592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11612,7 +11607,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11622,12 +11617,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11640,7 +11635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11652,7 +11647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11665,7 +11660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11675,7 +11670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11684,7 +11679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11694,7 +11689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11707,7 +11702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11718,7 +11713,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11732,7 +11727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11750,7 +11745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11763,46 +11758,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11812,7 +11807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11820,7 +11815,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11836,7 +11831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11845,7 +11840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11856,7 +11851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11870,7 +11865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11893,7 +11888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11910,7 +11905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11924,14 +11919,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11951,7 +11946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11963,7 +11958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -11975,7 +11970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11987,7 +11982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11996,7 +11991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12005,7 +12000,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12015,12 +12010,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12028,33 +12023,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12063,7 +12058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12071,7 +12066,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12080,14 +12075,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12099,56 +12094,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12159,7 +12154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12167,21 +12162,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12190,7 +12185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12199,14 +12194,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12214,7 +12209,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12223,21 +12218,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12245,91 +12240,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12337,28 +12332,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12366,7 +12361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12374,7 +12369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12383,14 +12378,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12400,7 +12395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12409,7 +12404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12418,7 +12413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12426,7 +12421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12434,74 +12429,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12509,21 +12504,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12533,7 +12528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12541,7 +12536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12549,19 +12544,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12571,7 +12566,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12579,7 +12574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12589,7 +12584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12598,7 +12593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12647,7 +12642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " -- 2.51.0