From b5b1ac6f8fce245bb2ef4a57859abfce2dcea97e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Sun, 25 Oct 2020 20:27:43 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] Updated POT with latest colophon changes. --- po/mwcc.pot | 2621 +++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------------------- 1 file changed, 1309 insertions(+), 1312 deletions(-) diff --git a/po/mwcc.pot b/po/mwcc.pot index 9d688dc..166d5af 100644 --- a/po/mwcc.pot +++ b/po/mwcc.pot @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-12-09 16:55+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-25 20:24+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" @@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "en" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "" @@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -74,100 +74,97 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +msgid "Made with Creative Commons by Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC " "BY-SA), version 4.0." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:45 msgid "" -"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " -"(Paperback)" +"The license means that you can copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and " +"build upon the content for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you " +"give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if " +"changes were made. If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you " +"must distribute your contributions under the same license as the " +"original. License details: <ulink " +"url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:58 msgid "" -"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " -"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " -"platform." +"Made With Creative Commons was originally published with the kind support of " +"Creative Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the " +"Kickstarter.com platform." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://gitlab.com/gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations " "are maintained on <ulink " "url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " -"error in the book, please let us know via Gitlab or Weblate." +"error in the book, please let us know." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 -msgid "Classifications:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " +"(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 -msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +msgid "<ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 -msgid "(UDK) ?" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 -msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" -msgstr "" - #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "" "I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " @@ -178,17 +175,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:90 msgid "David Foster Wallace" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:96 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -200,7 +197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:105 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " @@ -210,7 +207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:113 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -220,7 +217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:121 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -231,7 +228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:130 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -241,7 +238,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:137 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -252,7 +249,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:146 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -264,7 +261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -278,7 +275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:167 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -291,7 +288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:178 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -301,7 +298,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -312,7 +309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -324,7 +321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:205 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -332,7 +329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:211 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -343,7 +340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:220 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -359,7 +356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -371,7 +368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:244 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of " "Cyberspace</quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a " @@ -383,7 +380,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:254 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -393,34 +390,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:262 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "<attribution>Ryan Merkley</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:269 msgid "<attribution>CEO, Creative Commons</attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -434,7 +431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -445,14 +442,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:300 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -462,7 +459,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:313 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something " @@ -472,7 +469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:321 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -483,7 +480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -495,7 +492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main " @@ -503,7 +500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:345 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by " "Paul. He provides some historical context for the digital commons, " @@ -514,7 +511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:353 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -527,7 +524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -536,7 +533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:370 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -544,7 +541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:376 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -552,7 +549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -562,32 +559,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:389 msgid "<attribution>Paul and Sarah </attribution>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:394 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -599,7 +596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:413 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -612,19 +609,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:424 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -639,17 +636,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:443 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:449 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -658,12 +655,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -676,7 +673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:465 msgid "" "Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" linkend=\"fig-1\"/> is a depiction of " "how an enterprise can have varying levels of engagement with commons, state, " @@ -684,7 +681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:469 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -697,7 +694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:480 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -708,7 +705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -717,22 +714,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:496 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:500 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:834 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -744,12 +741,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:525 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -758,7 +755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:522 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -770,7 +767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:538 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -781,22 +778,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:552 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human " @@ -805,7 +802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -817,7 +814,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -829,7 +826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -840,7 +837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -852,7 +849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. <xref xrefstyle=\"template:%n\" " @@ -864,12 +861,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:619 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -877,7 +874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:624 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -888,7 +885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -899,14 +896,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -923,22 +920,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -946,7 +943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:684 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -956,7 +953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:692 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -964,12 +961,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:704 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:697 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -980,12 +977,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -994,7 +991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1003,7 +1000,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1014,7 +1011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1025,7 +1022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1036,7 +1033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1045,12 +1042,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1061,7 +1058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the " @@ -1071,7 +1068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1079,7 +1076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1093,22 +1090,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:797 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:794 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1116,7 +1113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1129,7 +1126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to " @@ -1145,24 +1142,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:833 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:839 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:836 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in " @@ -1174,7 +1171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:878 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1182,7 +1179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1202,7 +1199,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:885 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure " @@ -1215,14 +1212,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1236,7 +1233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1245,22 +1242,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1268,12 +1265,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1281,12 +1278,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:963 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1294,28 +1291,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to " "others.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1332,7 +1329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1341,7 +1338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1354,7 +1351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1369,7 +1366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1030 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1377,7 +1374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1024 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1387,12 +1384,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1040 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1403,7 +1400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink " @@ -1411,7 +1408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by " @@ -1428,7 +1425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1438,14 +1435,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1081 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1076 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1457,7 +1454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1089 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1471,7 +1468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1481,7 +1478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1114 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink " @@ -1489,7 +1486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1503,22 +1500,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1133 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1127 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1534,7 +1531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink " @@ -1542,7 +1539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1552,7 +1549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1562,7 +1559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink " "url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/>; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to " @@ -1570,7 +1567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1583,14 +1580,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1610,7 +1607,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1212 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1618,7 +1615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1632,7 +1629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1218 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1647,7 +1644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1655,7 +1652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1232 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1667,7 +1664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1676,7 +1673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1684,7 +1681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), " @@ -1692,7 +1689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1707,7 +1704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -1715,7 +1712,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1726,14 +1723,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1290 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink " "url=\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink " @@ -1744,7 +1741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1287 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1759,7 +1756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1308 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1774,7 +1771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1783,7 +1780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1798,12 +1795,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1344 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1812,7 +1809,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1350 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1822,7 +1819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1359 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before " @@ -1836,7 +1833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1850,7 +1847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), " @@ -1858,7 +1855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1874,7 +1871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1403 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is " "global. Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go " @@ -1888,7 +1885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1903,7 +1900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1430 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1919,7 +1916,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1928,12 +1925,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1454 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -1946,7 +1943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -1956,7 +1953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -1968,7 +1965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -1978,7 +1975,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -1987,7 +1984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2002,7 +1999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1512 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2013,7 +2010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1521 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2024,17 +2021,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1537 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2052,7 +2049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2064,7 +2061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1563 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2072,7 +2069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1568 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2084,7 +2081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1581 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2092,7 +2089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1577 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2105,7 +2102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2114,7 +2111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2126,7 +2123,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2139,7 +2136,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2149,7 +2146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1630 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2164,7 +2161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2178,7 +2175,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2188,14 +2185,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1664 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2210,7 +2207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2222,7 +2219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2234,7 +2231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1701 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2242,7 +2239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1706 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2255,12 +2252,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1723 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2275,7 +2272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2283,7 +2280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially " @@ -2297,12 +2294,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1757 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2320,7 +2317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2335,7 +2332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1777 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2345,7 +2342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2353,26 +2350,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2393,26 +2390,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1833 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1818 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2431,12 +2428,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2453,12 +2450,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2467,7 +2464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2480,12 +2477,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1888 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2496,7 +2493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2507,7 +2504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1901 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2524,12 +2521,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1921 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1917 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2541,12 +2538,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in " @@ -2560,19 +2557,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1942 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1946 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2586,7 +2583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are " @@ -2596,12 +2593,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2617,17 +2614,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon " @@ -2640,12 +2637,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), " "124. Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is " @@ -2653,7 +2650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the " @@ -2672,7 +2669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2687,7 +2684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2702,7 +2699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its " "credibility. Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to " @@ -2713,12 +2710,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2729,12 +2726,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2751,7 +2748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2768,12 +2765,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2782,12 +2779,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2127 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2801,29 +2798,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2140 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2148 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2153 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2135 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2840,12 +2837,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their " @@ -2858,17 +2855,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2181 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2174 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2884,12 +2881,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2203 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -2898,7 +2895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or " @@ -2916,12 +2913,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2224 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2933,7 +2930,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2944,24 +2941,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2242 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -2973,12 +2970,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2265 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -2996,12 +2993,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2274 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3015,7 +3012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2288 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3026,7 +3023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3035,24 +3032,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work " "<emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2318 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3066,17 +3063,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3101,12 +3098,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3117,12 +3114,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3131,12 +3128,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3152,22 +3149,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2406 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2401 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3183,12 +3180,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3202,17 +3199,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2439 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3226,12 +3223,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3242,12 +3239,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2469 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3260,12 +3257,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3274,7 +3271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2490 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3288,7 +3285,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3298,17 +3295,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2517 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2511 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3318,14 +3315,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations " "<emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3340,12 +3337,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2544 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3359,12 +3356,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2560 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3382,7 +3379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2578 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major " @@ -3393,12 +3390,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2591 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3415,7 +3412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3426,7 +3423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3434,7 +3431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2621 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3442,7 +3439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2626 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3455,7 +3452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3470,7 +3467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2651 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3479,19 +3476,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2660 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3502,14 +3499,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2686 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3525,7 +3522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2692 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3539,12 +3536,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2713 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2705 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3557,22 +3554,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2721 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3586,17 +3583,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2742 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to " @@ -3613,22 +3610,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2757 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2766 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2759 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3646,12 +3643,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2785 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a " "self-fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems " @@ -3664,12 +3661,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3683,22 +3680,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2813 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like " "fans. As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan " @@ -3712,7 +3709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3720,17 +3717,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in " "kind. It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too " @@ -3747,12 +3744,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2851 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2853 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3765,7 +3762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3778,12 +3775,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3793,19 +3790,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2886 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3818,17 +3815,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2917 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3845,17 +3842,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3871,19 +3868,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2939 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3892,14 +3889,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2947 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3915,7 +3912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2980 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink " @@ -3923,7 +3920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3939,7 +3936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2989 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3951,27 +3948,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3005 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of " @@ -3987,12 +3984,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4005,17 +4002,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3033 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4036,19 +4033,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3071 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4064,14 +4061,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3077 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4085,12 +4082,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3097 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4105,22 +4102,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3113 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3118 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3167 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3180 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3213 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3116 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3204 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4130,12 +4127,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3137 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4146,12 +4143,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3153 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4159,12 +4156,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4173,12 +4170,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4186,12 +4183,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4200,7 +4197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4208,31 +4205,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and " @@ -4245,7 +4242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4260,7 +4257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4275,7 +4272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4284,7 +4281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4298,12 +4295,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3288 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4312,12 +4309,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4329,7 +4326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4339,24 +4336,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3317 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3320 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3327 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4364,24 +4361,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4199 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4635 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4190 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6228 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7446 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8981 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4397,7 +4394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3357 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4408,7 +4405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4419,7 +4416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design " "school. He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work " @@ -4431,7 +4428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4442,7 +4439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3394 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4453,7 +4450,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3402 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4468,7 +4465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3416 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4484,7 +4481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3430 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4495,7 +4492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3438 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4505,7 +4502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4519,7 +4516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4532,12 +4529,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4551,7 +4548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4566,7 +4563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3494 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4580,7 +4577,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4592,7 +4589,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3516 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4603,12 +4600,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4625,7 +4622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4635,7 +4632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3548 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4646,7 +4643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3556 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4654,12 +4651,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4667,36 +4664,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3572 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><attribution> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3781 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4705,12 +4702,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3594 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development " @@ -4723,7 +4720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4738,7 +4735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4751,7 +4748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3630 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4762,7 +4759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3639 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4772,7 +4769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific " "projects. Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project " @@ -4782,7 +4779,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4799,7 +4796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3671 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4809,7 +4806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3679 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another " "belief—in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, " @@ -4822,7 +4819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3690 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4834,7 +4831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes " "more. <quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important " @@ -4844,7 +4841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3708 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4852,7 +4849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -4867,7 +4864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3727 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4878,7 +4875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge " "said. <quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is " @@ -4888,7 +4885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3743 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4898,43 +4895,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3776 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -4947,7 +4944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -4959,7 +4956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3797 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -4968,7 +4965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3804 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -4981,7 +4978,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -4995,7 +4992,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and " @@ -5006,7 +5003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3837 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5018,7 +5015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3847 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5030,7 +5027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5040,7 +5037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5055,7 +5052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5067,7 +5064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5078,7 +5075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5095,7 +5092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3911 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5104,7 +5101,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5115,7 +5112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5124,7 +5121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5136,46 +5133,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3944 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3964 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3972 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a " @@ -5184,7 +5181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or " @@ -5196,7 +5193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3988 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5206,7 +5203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5215,7 +5212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4002 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5225,7 +5222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -5233,7 +5230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4015 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5248,7 +5245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over " "time. Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to " @@ -5257,7 +5254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4034 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing " "genius. Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent " @@ -5266,7 +5263,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5282,7 +5279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4053 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5290,7 +5287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4059 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5299,7 +5296,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the " @@ -5310,7 +5307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4074 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5325,7 +5322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4087 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5335,7 +5332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5344,7 +5341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5359,7 +5356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4116 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5372,7 +5369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4127 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5385,7 +5382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5395,7 +5392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5406,7 +5403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5416,7 +5413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4161 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC " "licensing,</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of " @@ -5425,12 +5422,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the " @@ -5438,12 +5435,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4177 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5451,12 +5448,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5468,7 +5465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5478,7 +5475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5500,7 +5497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5515,7 +5512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4245 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5529,7 +5526,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4258 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative " @@ -5542,12 +5539,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4271 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4269 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5564,7 +5561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4284 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5578,7 +5575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5588,7 +5585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5599,7 +5596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5611,7 +5608,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4323 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5622,7 +5619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4332 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5632,7 +5629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5644,7 +5641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4350 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5654,7 +5651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5662,7 +5659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5672,38 +5669,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4372 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4378 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink " "url=\"http://boingboing.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4381 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5714,7 +5711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5722,7 +5719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5735,7 +5732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4418 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5743,7 +5740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5761,7 +5758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5777,7 +5774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4454 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5789,7 +5786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4464 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5801,7 +5798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5816,7 +5813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4487 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5826,7 +5823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4495 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5836,7 +5833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4503 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5853,7 +5850,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5869,7 +5866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4533 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5885,7 +5882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4548 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the " @@ -5898,7 +5895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5911,7 +5908,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4570 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5924,7 +5921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -5937,7 +5934,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -5947,17 +5944,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4601 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4608 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -5965,29 +5962,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4614 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4616 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4619 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6000,7 +5997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4641 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6008,7 +6005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4646 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6019,7 +6016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4655 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6028,7 +6025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6036,7 +6033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4668 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6047,7 +6044,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4677 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and " "open-science communities were already using and recommending Creative " @@ -6057,7 +6054,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data " @@ -6066,7 +6063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4691 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6076,7 +6073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4699 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6085,7 +6082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4706 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6098,7 +6095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6110,7 +6107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for " "journals. Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ " @@ -6126,7 +6123,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6138,7 +6135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6150,7 +6147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6164,7 +6161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6176,7 +6173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6187,21 +6184,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other " @@ -6215,7 +6212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6228,12 +6225,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6247,7 +6244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6257,7 +6254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6273,12 +6270,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6286,36 +6283,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -6336,7 +6333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6349,7 +6346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6364,7 +6361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6382,14 +6379,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6407,7 +6404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6422,7 +6419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6442,7 +6439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6451,7 +6448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6468,7 +6465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6483,12 +6480,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5022 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5017 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6498,12 +6495,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6512,7 +6509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5031 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6521,7 +6518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6535,7 +6532,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6547,7 +6544,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5059 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6563,7 +6560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5073 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6574,7 +6571,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6582,7 +6579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5089 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6590,7 +6587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6603,7 +6600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6612,7 +6609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5113 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6624,7 +6621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5122 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6634,12 +6631,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5131 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access " @@ -6647,29 +6644,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5141 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6686,7 +6683,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6695,7 +6692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5178 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6704,7 +6701,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6722,7 +6719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6733,7 +6730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5210 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6744,7 +6741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5219 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6755,7 +6752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6768,35 +6765,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5257 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5263 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6805,7 +6802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5272 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6813,12 +6810,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5282 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6827,7 +6824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5287 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6839,14 +6836,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5297 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6860,7 +6857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6873,7 +6870,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6889,7 +6886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6897,7 +6894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6909,7 +6906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5351 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6917,7 +6914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5356 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6925,7 +6922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 " @@ -6937,12 +6934,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5372 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6955,7 +6952,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5382 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -6967,7 +6964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -6977,7 +6974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -6991,14 +6988,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by " "grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is " @@ -7011,7 +7008,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7024,48 +7021,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5444 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5449 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and " "education-technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to " @@ -7089,7 +7086,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7101,7 +7098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5498 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7112,7 +7109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5507 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7122,7 +7119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7138,33 +7135,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5531 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5556 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7174,7 +7171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7184,7 +7181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7194,7 +7191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5579 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7205,7 +7202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7223,7 +7220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7236,7 +7233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7249,7 +7246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7259,7 +7256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5635 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7272,7 +7269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7282,7 +7279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7297,7 +7294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7309,7 +7306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5677 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7321,7 +7318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7332,7 +7329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5696 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7345,7 +7342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7356,7 +7353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5716 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7365,7 +7362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5722 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than " @@ -7379,7 +7376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5734 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7391,26 +7388,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink " "url=\"http://jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5754 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7418,12 +7415,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as " "<quote>hustling</quote>—seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make " @@ -7437,7 +7434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7450,7 +7447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7459,7 +7456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5797 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7471,7 +7468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7488,7 +7485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5823 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7499,7 +7496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5832 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7510,7 +7507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5841 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7521,7 +7518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5850 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7533,7 +7530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5860 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7543,7 +7540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7555,7 +7552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those " "skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift " @@ -7569,7 +7566,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7586,7 +7583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7595,7 +7592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5912 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7609,7 +7606,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and " "grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in " @@ -7620,7 +7617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7630,7 +7627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7640,7 +7637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7648,12 +7645,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7661,29 +7658,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5962 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7691,7 +7688,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7702,7 +7699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7712,7 +7709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5999 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7722,14 +7719,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7742,7 +7739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6016 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7752,7 +7749,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s " @@ -7763,7 +7760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7772,7 +7769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7787,7 +7784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7800,7 +7797,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7810,7 +7807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7826,7 +7823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7841,7 +7838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For " "one-off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7849,7 +7846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7862,12 +7859,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6126 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7876,7 +7873,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7885,7 +7882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7900,7 +7897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7910,7 +7907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -7919,7 +7916,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7930,7 +7927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -7939,7 +7936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6171 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -7951,7 +7948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7960,7 +7957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -7972,7 +7969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6197 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -7984,12 +7981,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -7997,31 +7994,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6218 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the " "London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8033,7 +8030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of " "society. Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight " @@ -8047,7 +8044,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8057,38 +8054,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6270 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6286 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8100,7 +8097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6296 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8110,7 +8107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8120,7 +8117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6311 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8130,19 +8127,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to " @@ -8157,7 +8154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8172,7 +8169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more " "demand. Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship " @@ -8183,7 +8180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6360 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8193,7 +8190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8204,12 +8201,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 msgid "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6383 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8217,7 +8214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8227,7 +8224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8236,7 +8233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United " "Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors " @@ -8248,7 +8245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8262,14 +8259,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink " "url=\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6430 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8277,7 +8274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6436 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community " "building. Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and " @@ -8288,12 +8285,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8304,7 +8301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6453 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8313,7 +8310,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8322,7 +8319,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8341,7 +8338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8349,7 +8346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8358,46 +8355,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6500 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6523 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6529 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8405,31 +8402,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8971 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8438,7 +8435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8457,7 +8454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8466,7 +8463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8479,7 +8476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8489,7 +8486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6602 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8497,7 +8494,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8507,12 +8504,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8522,7 +8519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6622 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8531,7 +8528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8544,12 +8541,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8562,7 +8559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6649 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8570,14 +8567,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8585,14 +8582,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8600,7 +8597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to " @@ -8609,14 +8606,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6689 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8625,24 +8622,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6705 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8655,34 +8652,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6738 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6748 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6753 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8690,7 +8687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8700,7 +8697,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8711,7 +8708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open " "making</quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers " @@ -8721,7 +8718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8731,12 +8728,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8748,7 +8745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8758,29 +8755,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6813 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6818 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8788,28 +8785,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6843 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8822,7 +8819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8832,7 +8829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8841,12 +8838,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement " @@ -8854,31 +8851,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, " "editor-in-chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8892,7 +8889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6918 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8905,7 +8902,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8919,14 +8916,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6947 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -8939,7 +8936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8950,7 +8947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8960,7 +8957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8969,12 +8966,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -8984,7 +8981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -8993,7 +8990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on " @@ -9006,7 +9003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9018,7 +9015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7009 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9030,7 +9027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7019 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak " "efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing " @@ -9044,7 +9041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7031 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9054,7 +9051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7039 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9066,7 +9063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9081,7 +9078,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9092,7 +9089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9106,7 +9103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9125,7 +9122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7101 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an " @@ -9137,7 +9134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9149,7 +9146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9161,7 +9158,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7131 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive " "results. From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press " @@ -9169,27 +9166,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9198,7 +9195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9207,7 +9204,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9217,7 +9214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9230,22 +9227,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7203 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9254,19 +9251,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9275,7 +9272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot " @@ -9285,7 +9282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9296,7 +9293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9312,7 +9309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9325,7 +9322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9339,7 +9336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9353,7 +9350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9372,7 +9369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7307 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9382,7 +9379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9394,7 +9391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9408,7 +9405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7337 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9420,7 +9417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9431,7 +9428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9443,7 +9440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9455,7 +9452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9466,7 +9463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7382 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9478,7 +9475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9493,7 +9490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9505,7 +9502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7415 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9517,12 +9514,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the " @@ -9530,29 +9527,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9568,7 +9565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9582,7 +9579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9596,7 +9593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7487 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9610,7 +9607,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9624,7 +9621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9636,7 +9633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to " "publication. Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for " @@ -9645,7 +9642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7526 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9663,7 +9660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC " "BY). This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content " @@ -9674,7 +9671,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7551 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9682,7 +9679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9693,7 +9690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9702,7 +9699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7571 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9713,7 +9710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9723,7 +9720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7588 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9747,7 +9744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9755,7 +9752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7617 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9764,7 +9761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9778,7 +9775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9787,7 +9784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9805,7 +9802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7661 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9817,17 +9814,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9843,7 +9840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9855,7 +9852,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9867,7 +9864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9875,24 +9872,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and " "history. Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7719 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9900,19 +9897,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9929,7 +9926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9945,7 +9942,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9956,12 +9953,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7773 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder " @@ -9977,7 +9974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -9991,7 +9988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10006,7 +10003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for " @@ -10020,7 +10017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of " "poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of " @@ -10036,7 +10033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7840 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10047,7 +10044,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7848 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10062,12 +10059,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7868 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10078,7 +10075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10091,7 +10088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10100,7 +10097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7889 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the " @@ -10113,14 +10110,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10134,7 +10131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10143,14 +10140,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10168,7 +10165,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10176,7 +10173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10187,7 +10184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10202,7 +10199,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10222,41 +10219,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7979 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7982 msgid "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10269,7 +10266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10283,7 +10280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8025 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10295,7 +10292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8035 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10308,7 +10305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10321,7 +10318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8058 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10334,7 +10331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10350,7 +10347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10366,7 +10363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10378,7 +10375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10387,7 +10384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10399,7 +10396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8127 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10413,7 +10410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10425,7 +10422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8150 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10435,7 +10432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8157 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10453,7 +10450,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a " @@ -10462,12 +10459,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8182 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10475,29 +10472,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8190 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10507,7 +10504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8212 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10516,7 +10513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10526,12 +10523,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8227 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10543,7 +10540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10553,7 +10550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10562,12 +10559,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10579,7 +10576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8259 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10589,7 +10586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10605,12 +10602,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8282 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10622,7 +10619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10631,7 +10628,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10642,7 +10639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10653,7 +10650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10664,7 +10661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10678,7 +10675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10687,7 +10684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10698,7 +10695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10710,7 +10707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10721,7 +10718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8368 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10730,7 +10727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10741,7 +10738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale " "up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10754,7 +10751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10765,7 +10762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10775,12 +10772,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8411 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10790,7 +10787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10802,7 +10799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10813,7 +10810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8436 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10826,7 +10823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10838,7 +10835,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10848,7 +10845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10861,7 +10858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The " @@ -10870,7 +10867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10880,7 +10877,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10896,41 +10893,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open " "hardware. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8514 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8516 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8519 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8522 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10940,7 +10937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -10949,7 +10946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10960,7 +10957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8551 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -10972,7 +10969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -10981,7 +10978,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -10993,7 +10990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8576 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11005,7 +11002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8586 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11018,7 +11015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8598 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11029,7 +11026,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11040,7 +11037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8616 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping " @@ -11051,7 +11048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8623 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11060,7 +11057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11073,7 +11070,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11085,7 +11082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11101,7 +11098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11113,7 +11110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11123,7 +11120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11137,7 +11134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11150,7 +11147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11162,7 +11159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11177,12 +11174,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the " @@ -11190,29 +11187,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8741 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8744 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by " @@ -11221,7 +11218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11236,7 +11233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11257,7 +11254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8791 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11271,7 +11268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8803 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11279,7 +11276,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8809 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11296,7 +11293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8825 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11307,7 +11304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8834 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11318,7 +11315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8843 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11334,7 +11331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11351,7 +11348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11371,7 +11368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11386,7 +11383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11399,7 +11396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11411,7 +11408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11426,7 +11423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11437,7 +11434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " "education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins " @@ -11448,12 +11445,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11461,24 +11458,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11490,7 +11487,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11502,7 +11499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11514,7 +11511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9014 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11524,7 +11521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9021 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11534,12 +11531,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9029 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11552,7 +11549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9039 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11573,7 +11570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11588,7 +11585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11599,12 +11596,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9082 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11617,7 +11614,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11629,7 +11626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11642,7 +11639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11652,7 +11649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11661,7 +11658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to " "work. With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing " @@ -11671,7 +11668,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11684,7 +11681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11696,7 +11693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9158 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11710,7 +11707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9170 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11728,7 +11725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9187 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11741,46 +11738,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9199 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9202 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9207 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the " @@ -11790,7 +11787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what " @@ -11798,7 +11795,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11814,7 +11811,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11823,7 +11820,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9260 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11834,7 +11831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11848,7 +11845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11871,7 +11868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11888,7 +11885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9321 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11902,14 +11899,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11930,7 +11927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11942,7 +11939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -11954,7 +11951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11966,7 +11963,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11975,7 +11972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -11984,7 +11981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -11994,12 +11991,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9405 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12007,33 +12004,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9425 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink " @@ -12042,7 +12039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open " "Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink " @@ -12051,7 +12048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12060,14 +12057,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the " "Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9452 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through " @@ -12080,56 +12077,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12139,7 +12136,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12147,21 +12144,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9507 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12169,7 +12166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9517 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12179,14 +12176,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan " "Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12194,7 +12191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12203,21 +12200,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared " "Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "eds. Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. " "Strandburg. <quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in " @@ -12225,91 +12222,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being " "Creative. New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink " @@ -12317,28 +12314,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12346,7 +12343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12354,7 +12351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12363,14 +12360,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12380,7 +12377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink " @@ -12389,7 +12386,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12398,7 +12395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12406,7 +12403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12414,73 +12411,73 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 msgid "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9684 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9688 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing " "Economy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12488,21 +12485,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12512,7 +12509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink " @@ -12520,7 +12517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC " @@ -12528,19 +12525,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and " "Performance. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9751 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12550,7 +12547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12558,7 +12555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12568,7 +12565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter " @@ -12577,7 +12574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12626,7 +12623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><appendix><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9828 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " -- 2.47.2