From 8dbd1f000f6f7228702b47e34ab8df1fcdf7a6fa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Thu, 7 Feb 2019 19:48:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Updated po files from pot file. --- po/de/mwcc.po | 2737 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------- po/es/mwcc.po | 2483 ++++++++++++++++++++++---------------------- po/nb/mwcc.po | 1578 ++++++++++++++-------------- po/nl/mwcc.po | 2736 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------ 4 files changed, 4769 insertions(+), 4765 deletions(-) diff --git a/po/de/mwcc.po b/po/de/mwcc.po index aa49780..b50a7b1 100644 --- a/po/de/mwcc.po +++ b/po/de/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:30+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-06 12:30-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-04 16:17+0000\n" "Last-Translator: ssantos \n" "Language-Team: German #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemacht mit Creative Commons" @@ -50,23 +50,23 @@ msgid "Pearson" msgstr "Pearson" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:16 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17 msgid "2017 Creative Commons" msgstr "2017 Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:19 -msgid "Gunnar Wolf" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21 +msgid "Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas" msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:20 -msgid "Mexico City" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23 +msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:22 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:60 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -87,19 +87,19 @@ msgstr "" ">" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:37 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "von Paul Stacey & Sarah Hichliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:39 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 #, fuzzy #| msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons." msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017 von Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -108,14 +108,14 @@ msgstr "" "(CC BY-SA), Version 4.0." #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 msgid "" "ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " "(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:47 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, " @@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ msgstr "Herausgeber:" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:57 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Downloadable e-book available at " @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ msgstr "" "Herunterladbares e-Book erhältlich auf " #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:68 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 msgid "" "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " @@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ msgstr "" "Plattform Kickstarter.com veröffentlicht." #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on , and the translations are maintained on -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:79 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 msgid "Classifications:" msgstr "Klassifizierungen:" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:83 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(UDK) ?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:91 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:95 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of:
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:129 +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#, fuzzy +msgid "" +"I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " +"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . " +"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also " +"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length " +"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our " +"daily lives." +msgstr "" +"„Ich weiß nicht viel über Sachbuch-Journalismus... Die Weise, mit der ich " +"über diese Themen denke und insbesondere in Bezug darauf, was ich tun kann, " +"ist... Essays wie diese sind Anlässe, einer recht aufgeweckten Person mit " +"aber auch recht durchschnittlichem Gehalt zuzuschauen, wie diese den " +"verschiedensten Dingen viel mehr Zeit und Aufmerksamkeit widmet, als die " +"meisten von uns es in unserem Alltag tun könnten.“" + +#. type: Content of:
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:102 msgid "— David Foster Wallace" msgstr "— David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:107 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "Vorwort" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " @@ -228,7 +246,7 @@ msgstr "" "unter CC eine „falsche Fährte“." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118 #, fuzzy msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " @@ -245,7 +263,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gesellschaft und kein Selbstzweck.“" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:126 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -255,7 +273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -266,7 +284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -276,7 +294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:150 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -287,7 +305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:159 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -299,7 +317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:168 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -312,7 +330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:180 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -325,7 +343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:191 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -335,7 +353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -346,7 +364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -358,7 +376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -366,7 +384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:224 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -377,7 +395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:233 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -393,7 +411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:247 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -405,7 +423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:257 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -417,7 +435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:267 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -427,34 +445,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:281 msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:287 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:291 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -468,7 +486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:303 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -478,14 +496,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:311 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:316 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -495,7 +513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:324 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -505,7 +523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:332 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -516,7 +534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:341 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -528,14 +546,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:356 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -546,7 +564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:364 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -558,7 +576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:374 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -567,7 +585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -575,7 +593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:387 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -583,7 +601,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:392 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -593,33 +611,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:399 msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -631,7 +649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -644,19 +662,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -671,17 +689,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -690,12 +708,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -708,14 +726,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 msgid "" "Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of " "engagement with commons, state, and market." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -728,7 +746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -739,7 +757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -748,28 +766,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:544 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:593 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:888 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -781,12 +799,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -795,7 +813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -807,7 +825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -817,23 +835,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:592 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -842,7 +860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -854,7 +872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -866,7 +884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -876,7 +894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -888,7 +906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources " @@ -900,12 +918,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:627 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:629 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -913,7 +931,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:634 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -924,7 +942,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:643 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -935,14 +953,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:654 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:652 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -959,23 +977,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:679 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:686 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:688 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -983,7 +1001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:694 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -993,7 +1011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:702 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1001,12 +1019,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:714 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:707 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1017,12 +1035,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:719 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1031,7 +1049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1040,7 +1058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:728 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1051,7 +1069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1062,7 +1080,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:752 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1073,7 +1091,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1082,12 +1100,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:769 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1098,7 +1116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:780 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1108,7 +1126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1116,7 +1134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:787 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1129,23 +1147,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:805 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:817 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:821 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1153,7 +1171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:814 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1166,7 +1184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1181,25 +1199,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:847 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:856 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1211,7 +1229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:889 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1219,7 +1237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:872 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1239,7 +1257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:896 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1252,14 +1270,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:912 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:908 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1273,7 +1291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1282,23 +1300,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:938 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:935 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:947 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1306,12 +1324,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:955 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:961 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1319,12 +1337,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:968 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1332,28 +1350,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:973 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:983 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1370,7 +1388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1379,7 +1397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1005 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1392,7 +1410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1022 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1407,7 +1425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1041 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1415,7 +1433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1035 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1425,14 +1443,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1051 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1443,7 +1461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1071 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1451,7 +1469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1468,7 +1486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1079 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1478,14 +1496,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1087 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1497,7 +1515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1100 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1511,7 +1529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1521,7 +1539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1529,7 +1547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1120 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1543,22 +1561,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1144 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1152 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1138 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1574,7 +1592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1162 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1582,7 +1600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1156 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1592,7 +1610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1174 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1603,7 +1621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1184 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1611,7 +1629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1624,14 +1642,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1201 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1191 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1651,7 +1669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1223 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1659,7 +1677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1213 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1673,7 +1691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1229 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1688,7 +1706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1248 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1696,7 +1714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1243 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1708,7 +1726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1256 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1717,7 +1735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1270 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1725,14 +1743,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1279 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1263 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1747,7 +1765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1755,7 +1773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1766,14 +1784,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1301 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1309 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1784,7 +1802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1799,7 +1817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1319 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1813,7 +1831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1823,7 +1841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1838,12 +1856,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1355 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1852,7 +1870,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1361 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1862,7 +1880,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1370 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1876,7 +1894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1383 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1890,7 +1908,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1898,7 +1916,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1396 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1914,7 +1932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1414 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1928,7 +1946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1427 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1943,7 +1961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1959,7 +1977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1456 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1968,12 +1986,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1465 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -1986,7 +2004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1477 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -1996,7 +2014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1485 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2008,7 +2026,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1495 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2018,7 +2036,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2027,7 +2045,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1510 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2042,7 +2060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1523 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2053,7 +2071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2064,19 +2082,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemacht mit Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1545 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1548 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2093,7 +2111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1564 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2105,7 +2123,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1574 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2113,7 +2131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1579 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2124,7 +2142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1592 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2132,7 +2150,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1588 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2145,7 +2163,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1604 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2154,7 +2172,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1611 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2166,7 +2184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1621 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2179,7 +2197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1633 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2189,7 +2207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1641 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2204,7 +2222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2218,7 +2236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1667 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2228,14 +2246,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1675 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2250,7 +2268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1692 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2262,7 +2280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2274,7 +2292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1712 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2282,7 +2300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1717 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2295,12 +2313,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1729 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2315,7 +2333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1746 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2323,7 +2341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2337,12 +2355,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1758 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2360,7 +2378,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1775 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2375,7 +2393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1788 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2385,7 +2403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2393,26 +2411,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1808 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1823 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2433,26 +2451,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1849 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1829 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2471,12 +2489,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1863 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1855 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2493,12 +2511,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1877 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1873 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2507,7 +2525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2520,12 +2538,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1899 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2536,7 +2554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2547,7 +2565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1912 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2564,12 +2582,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1928 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2581,12 +2599,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1940 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2600,19 +2618,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1953 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2626,7 +2644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1971 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2636,12 +2654,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1980 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2657,17 +2675,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1997 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2679,12 +2697,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2692,7 +2710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2014 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2710,7 +2728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2037 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2725,7 +2743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2051 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2740,7 +2758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2066 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2751,12 +2769,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2767,12 +2785,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2087 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2789,7 +2807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2104 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2806,12 +2824,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2124 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2820,12 +2838,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2138 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2131 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2839,29 +2857,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2151 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2156 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2164 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2146 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2878,12 +2896,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2177 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2170 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2895,17 +2913,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2192 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2185 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2921,12 +2939,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2214 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -2935,7 +2953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2206 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -2953,12 +2971,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2227 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2970,7 +2988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2981,24 +2999,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2253 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2260 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2250 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -3010,12 +3028,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2276 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2266 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3033,12 +3051,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2295 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3052,7 +3070,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2299 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3063,7 +3081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3072,24 +3090,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2315 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2322 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3102,17 +3120,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2337 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2344 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2340 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3136,12 +3154,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2368 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3152,12 +3170,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2382 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2385 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3166,12 +3184,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2402 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2392 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3187,22 +3205,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2409 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2417 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2421 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3218,12 +3236,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2433 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3237,17 +3255,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2447 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2452 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3261,13 +3279,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2464 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2467 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3278,12 +3296,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2477 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2480 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3296,12 +3314,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2494 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3310,7 +3328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2501 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3324,7 +3342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2514 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3334,17 +3352,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2524 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2528 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3354,13 +3372,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2533 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2536 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3375,12 +3393,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2552 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2555 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3393,12 +3411,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2568 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2571 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3416,7 +3434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3427,12 +3445,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2602 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3449,7 +3467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2619 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3460,7 +3478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2627 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3468,7 +3486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2632 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3476,7 +3494,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3489,7 +3507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2648 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3504,7 +3522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3513,19 +3531,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3536,14 +3554,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2697 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2684 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3559,7 +3577,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3573,12 +3591,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2724 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3591,22 +3609,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2739 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2732 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3620,17 +3638,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2753 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2760 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3647,22 +3665,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2772 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2777 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3680,12 +3698,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2796 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2790 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3698,12 +3716,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3717,22 +3735,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2824 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2832 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3746,7 +3764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3754,17 +3772,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2857 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3780,12 +3798,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2864 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3798,7 +3816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3811,12 +3829,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2891 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2887 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3826,19 +3844,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2905 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2899 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3851,17 +3869,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2928 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3878,17 +3896,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2940 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2944 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3904,19 +3922,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2950 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3925,14 +3943,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2975 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2958 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3948,7 +3966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2991 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -3956,7 +3974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3972,7 +3990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3984,28 +4002,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3091 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3013 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -4021,12 +4039,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3040 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3031 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4039,17 +4057,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3052 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3044 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4070,19 +4088,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3075 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3082 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3068 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4098,14 +4116,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4119,14 +4137,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3110 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4141,29 +4159,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3124 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3399 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3424 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3134 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4172,12 +4190,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4188,12 +4206,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3159 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3164 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4201,12 +4219,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3176 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4215,12 +4233,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3189 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4228,12 +4246,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3197 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3202 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4242,7 +4260,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3209 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4250,31 +4268,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3217 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3222 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3229 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4287,7 +4305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3250 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4302,7 +4320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3264 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4317,7 +4335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3277 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4326,7 +4344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3284 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4340,12 +4358,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4353,17 +4371,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3303 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4375,7 +4393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4385,24 +4403,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4410,38 +4428,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3595 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4923 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5489 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5815 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7330 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9000 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4457,7 +4475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4468,7 +4486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4479,7 +4497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4491,7 +4509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4502,7 +4520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4513,7 +4531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4528,7 +4546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4544,7 +4562,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4555,7 +4573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4565,7 +4583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4579,7 +4597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4592,12 +4610,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4611,7 +4629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4626,7 +4644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4640,7 +4658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4652,7 +4670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4663,12 +4681,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4685,7 +4703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4695,7 +4713,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4706,7 +4724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4714,12 +4732,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4727,45 +4745,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4683 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4774,12 +4792,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4792,7 +4810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4807,7 +4825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4820,7 +4838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4831,7 +4849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4841,7 +4859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4851,7 +4869,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4868,7 +4886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4878,7 +4896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4891,7 +4909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4903,7 +4921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4913,7 +4931,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4921,7 +4939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -4936,7 +4954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4947,7 +4965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -4957,7 +4975,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4967,43 +4985,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -5016,7 +5034,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -5028,7 +5046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5037,7 +5055,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5050,7 +5068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5064,7 +5082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5075,7 +5093,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5087,7 +5105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5099,7 +5117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5109,7 +5127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5124,7 +5142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5136,7 +5154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5147,7 +5165,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5164,7 +5182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5173,7 +5191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5184,7 +5202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5193,7 +5211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5205,46 +5223,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5253,7 +5271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5265,7 +5283,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5275,7 +5293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5284,7 +5302,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5294,24 +5312,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " -"download, the" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290 -msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 -msgid "the game a massive cult following." +"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " +"cult following." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5326,7 +5335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5334,7 +5343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5343,7 +5352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5359,7 +5368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5367,7 +5376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5376,7 +5385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5387,7 +5396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5402,7 +5411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5412,7 +5421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5421,7 +5430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5436,7 +5445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5449,7 +5458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5462,7 +5471,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5472,7 +5481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5483,7 +5492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5493,7 +5502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5502,12 +5511,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5515,12 +5524,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5528,13 +5537,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5545,7 +5554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5555,7 +5564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5576,7 +5585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5591,7 +5600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5605,7 +5614,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5617,12 +5626,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5639,7 +5648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5653,7 +5662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5663,7 +5672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5674,7 +5683,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5686,7 +5695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5697,7 +5706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5707,7 +5716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5719,7 +5728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5729,7 +5738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5737,7 +5746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5747,38 +5756,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5789,7 +5798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5797,7 +5806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5809,7 +5818,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5817,7 +5826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5835,7 +5844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5851,7 +5860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5863,7 +5872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5875,7 +5884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5890,7 +5899,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5900,7 +5909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5910,7 +5919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5927,7 +5936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5943,7 +5952,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5959,7 +5968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -5972,7 +5981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5985,7 +5994,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5998,7 +6007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -6011,7 +6020,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -6021,17 +6030,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6039,29 +6048,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6074,7 +6083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6082,7 +6091,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6093,7 +6102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6102,7 +6111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6110,7 +6119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6121,7 +6130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6131,7 +6140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6140,7 +6149,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6150,7 +6159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6159,7 +6168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6172,7 +6181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6184,7 +6193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6197,7 +6206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 msgid "" "research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " "Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " @@ -6205,7 +6214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4757 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6217,7 +6226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4767 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6229,7 +6238,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4777 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6243,7 +6252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6255,7 +6264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4800 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6266,21 +6275,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4808 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6294,7 +6303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6307,12 +6316,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4830 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6326,7 +6335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4841 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6336,7 +6345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6351,12 +6360,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4867 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6364,37 +6373,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6415,7 +6424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4906 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6428,7 +6437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4917 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6443,7 +6452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4931 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6461,14 +6470,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4957 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4948 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6486,7 +6495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4964 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6501,7 +6510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4977 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6521,7 +6530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6530,7 +6539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5002 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6547,7 +6556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5018 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6562,12 +6571,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5032 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6577,12 +6586,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6591,7 +6600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6600,7 +6609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6614,7 +6623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5064 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6626,7 +6635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5074 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6641,7 +6650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5088 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6652,7 +6661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6660,7 +6669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6668,7 +6677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5110 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6681,7 +6690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5121 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6690,7 +6699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5128 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6702,7 +6711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5137 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6710,7 +6719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "" "users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " "use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " @@ -6718,12 +6727,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6731,30 +6740,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5172 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6771,7 +6780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6780,7 +6789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6789,7 +6798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6807,7 +6816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6818,7 +6827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6829,7 +6838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6839,7 +6848,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5244 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6852,35 +6861,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5280 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6889,7 +6898,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5289 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6897,12 +6906,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5299 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6911,7 +6920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6923,14 +6932,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5315 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6944,7 +6953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5325 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6957,7 +6966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5337 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6973,7 +6982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6981,7 +6990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5358 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6993,7 +7002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5368 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7001,7 +7010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7009,7 +7018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7021,13 +7030,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5389 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7040,7 +7049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5399 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7052,7 +7061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7062,7 +7071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7076,14 +7085,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5435 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7096,7 +7105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5446 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7109,48 +7118,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7174,7 +7183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5505 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7186,7 +7195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7197,7 +7206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7207,7 +7216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5532 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7222,33 +7231,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5554 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7258,7 +7267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7268,7 +7277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7277,7 +7286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5596 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7288,7 +7297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7306,7 +7315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7319,7 +7328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5633 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7332,7 +7341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7342,7 +7351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5652 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7355,7 +7364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7365,7 +7374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5671 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7379,7 +7388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5684 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7391,7 +7400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7403,7 +7412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5704 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7414,7 +7423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5713 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7427,7 +7436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5724 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7438,7 +7447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7447,7 +7456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5739 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7460,7 +7469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7472,26 +7481,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5771 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7499,12 +7508,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5784 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7518,7 +7527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5796 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7531,7 +7540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7540,7 +7549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5814 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7552,7 +7561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5824 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7569,7 +7578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5840 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7580,7 +7589,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5849 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7591,7 +7600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5858 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7602,7 +7611,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7614,7 +7623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7624,7 +7633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5884 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7636,7 +7645,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5894 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7650,7 +7659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5906 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7664,7 +7673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 msgid "" "or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find " "that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that " @@ -7672,7 +7681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7681,7 +7690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5931 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7695,7 +7704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5943 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7706,7 +7715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5952 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7716,7 +7725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5959 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7726,7 +7735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7734,12 +7743,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7747,30 +7756,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7778,7 +7787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7789,7 +7798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7799,7 +7808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7809,14 +7818,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6026 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7828,7 +7837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7838,7 +7847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6043 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7849,7 +7858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6052 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7858,7 +7867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6059 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7873,7 +7882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6073 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7886,7 +7895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7896,7 +7905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6091 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7912,7 +7921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7927,7 +7936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7935,7 +7944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7948,14 +7957,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6491 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7964,7 +7973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7973,7 +7982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6147 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7988,7 +7997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6161 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7998,7 +8007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8007,7 +8016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6174 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8018,7 +8027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6183 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8027,7 +8036,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8039,7 +8048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8048,7 +8057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6207 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8060,7 +8069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8072,12 +8081,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8085,31 +8094,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8121,7 +8130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6261 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8135,7 +8144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8145,38 +8154,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8187,7 +8196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8197,7 +8206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8207,7 +8216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8217,19 +8226,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6353 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8244,7 +8253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6356 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8259,7 +8268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6370 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8270,7 +8279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8280,7 +8289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6387 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8291,13 +8300,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8305,7 +8314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6410 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8315,7 +8324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6419 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8324,7 +8333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6428 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8335,7 +8344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8348,14 +8357,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6451 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8363,7 +8372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6455 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8374,12 +8383,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8390,7 +8399,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8399,7 +8408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6478 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8408,7 +8417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6485 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8427,7 +8436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8435,7 +8444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8444,46 +8453,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6548 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8491,32 +8500,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6946 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8525,7 +8534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6579 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8543,7 +8552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6596 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8552,7 +8561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6603 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8565,7 +8574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6614 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8575,7 +8584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8583,7 +8592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8593,12 +8602,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6634 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8607,7 +8616,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6641 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8616,7 +8625,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8628,12 +8637,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8646,7 +8655,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8654,14 +8663,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8669,14 +8678,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8684,7 +8693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8693,14 +8702,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6708 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8709,24 +8718,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6732 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8739,34 +8748,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6745 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8774,7 +8783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8784,7 +8793,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6786 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8795,7 +8804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8805,7 +8814,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8815,12 +8824,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8832,7 +8841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8842,29 +8851,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8872,28 +8881,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6855 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6862 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6875 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8906,7 +8915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6886 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8916,7 +8925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8924,12 +8933,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8937,31 +8946,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6910 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6914 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8975,7 +8984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8988,7 +8997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6948 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -9002,14 +9011,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6966 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9022,7 +9031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6970 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9033,7 +9042,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9043,7 +9052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6987 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9052,12 +9061,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6998 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6994 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9067,7 +9076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9076,7 +9085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7007 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9089,7 +9098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9101,7 +9110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9113,7 +9122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7038 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9126,7 +9135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9136,7 +9145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9148,7 +9157,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7068 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9163,7 +9172,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9174,7 +9183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9188,7 +9197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7102 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9207,7 +9216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9219,7 +9228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9231,7 +9240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9243,34 +9252,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7150 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7178 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9279,7 +9288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9288,7 +9297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9298,7 +9307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7202 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9311,22 +9320,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7215 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7222 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9335,12 +9344,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9348,7 +9357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9357,7 +9366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7243 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9366,7 +9375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7250 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9377,7 +9386,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7259 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9393,7 +9402,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7273 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9406,7 +9415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7284 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9420,7 +9429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7296 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9434,7 +9443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7308 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9453,7 +9462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9463,7 +9472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9475,7 +9484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7344 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9489,7 +9498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7356 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9501,7 +9510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9512,7 +9521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9524,7 +9533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7384 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9536,7 +9545,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9547,7 +9556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9559,7 +9568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7411 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9574,7 +9583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9586,7 +9595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9598,12 +9607,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9611,30 +9620,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7469 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9650,7 +9659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7483 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9664,7 +9673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7494 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9678,7 +9687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9692,7 +9701,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7518 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9706,7 +9715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7530 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9718,7 +9727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9726,7 +9735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7545 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9744,7 +9753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9755,7 +9764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9763,7 +9772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9774,7 +9783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9783,7 +9792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7590 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9794,7 +9803,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9804,7 +9813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7607 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9828,7 +9837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9836,7 +9845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9845,7 +9854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9859,7 +9868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7655 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9868,7 +9877,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9886,7 +9895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9898,17 +9907,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9924,7 +9933,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9936,7 +9945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9948,7 +9957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9956,24 +9965,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7729 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7738 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9981,19 +9990,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7742 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7753 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10010,7 +10019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7769 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10026,7 +10035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7783 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10037,12 +10046,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7794 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7792 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10058,7 +10067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7806 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10072,7 +10081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10087,7 +10096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7833 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10100,7 +10109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7844 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10116,7 +10125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10127,7 +10136,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7867 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10142,12 +10151,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10158,7 +10167,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7890 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10171,7 +10180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7901 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10180,7 +10189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10193,14 +10202,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7928 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7919 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10214,7 +10223,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7932 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10223,14 +10232,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10248,7 +10257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10256,7 +10265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7956 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10267,7 +10276,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7965 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10282,7 +10291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7978 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10302,42 +10311,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8021 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10350,7 +10359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8032 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10364,7 +10373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10375,7 +10384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8054 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10388,7 +10397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8065 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10401,7 +10410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8077 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10414,7 +10423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8089 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10430,7 +10439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8104 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10446,7 +10455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10458,7 +10467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8129 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10467,7 +10476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10479,7 +10488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10493,7 +10502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10505,7 +10514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8169 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10515,7 +10524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8176 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10533,7 +10542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10542,12 +10551,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10555,29 +10564,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10587,7 +10596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8231 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10596,7 +10605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10606,12 +10615,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8246 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10623,7 +10632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10633,7 +10642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10642,12 +10651,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8269 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10659,7 +10668,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10669,7 +10678,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10685,12 +10694,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10702,7 +10711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8309 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10711,7 +10720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10722,7 +10731,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10733,7 +10742,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8332 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10744,7 +10753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10758,7 +10767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10767,7 +10776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8360 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10778,7 +10787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10790,7 +10799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8378 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10801,7 +10810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10810,7 +10819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8393 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10821,7 +10830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8402 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10834,7 +10843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8413 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10845,7 +10854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10855,12 +10864,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8433 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8430 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10870,7 +10879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10882,7 +10891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10893,7 +10902,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8455 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10906,7 +10915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10918,7 +10927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10928,7 +10937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8484 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10941,7 +10950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8495 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10950,7 +10959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10960,7 +10969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10976,42 +10985,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11021,7 +11030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11030,7 +11039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8561 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11041,7 +11050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11053,7 +11062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11062,7 +11071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11074,7 +11083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11086,7 +11095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8605 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11099,7 +11108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8617 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11110,7 +11119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8626 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11121,7 +11130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11131,7 +11140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11140,7 +11149,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8648 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11153,7 +11162,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11165,7 +11174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11181,7 +11190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11193,7 +11202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11203,7 +11212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8701 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11217,7 +11226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11230,7 +11239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11242,7 +11251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8734 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11257,12 +11266,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11270,29 +11279,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8760 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11301,7 +11310,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8777 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11316,7 +11325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11337,7 +11346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8810 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11351,7 +11360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11359,7 +11368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9323 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8828 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11376,7 +11385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8844 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11387,7 +11396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8853 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11398,7 +11407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8862 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11414,7 +11423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8877 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11431,7 +11440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8893 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11451,7 +11460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8913 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11466,7 +11475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8926 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11479,7 +11488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11491,7 +11500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8947 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11506,7 +11515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11517,7 +11526,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11528,12 +11537,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11541,24 +11550,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11569,7 +11578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11581,7 +11590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11593,7 +11602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9033 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11603,7 +11612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11613,12 +11622,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9055 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11631,7 +11640,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9058 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11652,7 +11661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11667,7 +11676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11677,12 +11686,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9109 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11695,7 +11704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9112 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11707,7 +11716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11720,7 +11729,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11730,7 +11739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11739,7 +11748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11749,7 +11758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9156 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11762,7 +11771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11773,7 +11782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9177 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11787,7 +11796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11805,7 +11814,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9206 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11818,46 +11827,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9242 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11867,7 +11876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11875,7 +11884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11891,7 +11900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11900,7 +11909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9279 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11911,7 +11920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9288 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11925,7 +11934,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9300 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11948,7 +11957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9324 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11965,7 +11974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9340 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11979,14 +11988,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9364 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12006,7 +12015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12018,7 +12027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9381 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12030,7 +12039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9392 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12042,7 +12051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12051,7 +12060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12060,7 +12069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12070,12 +12079,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12083,33 +12092,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9444 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12118,7 +12127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12126,7 +12135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12135,14 +12144,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9467 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12154,56 +12163,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9485 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9489 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9492 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9505 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9509 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12214,7 +12223,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12222,21 +12231,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12245,7 +12254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9536 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12254,14 +12263,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12269,7 +12278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12278,21 +12287,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9558 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12300,91 +12309,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9580 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9601 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12392,28 +12401,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12421,7 +12430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12429,7 +12438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12438,14 +12447,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9657 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12455,7 +12464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12464,7 +12473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12473,7 +12482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12481,7 +12490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12489,74 +12498,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9727 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12564,21 +12573,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9740 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12588,7 +12597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12596,7 +12605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12604,19 +12613,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9770 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12626,7 +12635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12634,7 +12643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12644,7 +12653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12653,7 +12662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9796 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12702,7 +12711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9847 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -13037,22 +13046,6 @@ msgid "" "ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" -#, fuzzy -#~ msgid "" -#~ "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " -#~ "that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . " -#~ "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but " -#~ "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more " -#~ "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance " -#~ "to in our daily lives.</quote>" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "„Ich weiß nicht viel über Sachbuch-Journalismus... Die Weise, mit der ich " -#~ "über diese Themen denke und insbesondere in Bezug darauf, was ich tun " -#~ "kann, ist... Essays wie diese sind Anlässe, einer recht aufgeweckten " -#~ "Person mit aber auch recht durchschnittlichem Gehalt zuzuschauen, wie " -#~ "diese den verschiedensten Dingen viel mehr Zeit und Aufmerksamkeit " -#~ "widmet, als die meisten von uns es in unserem Alltag tun könnten.“" - #~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" #~ msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons" diff --git a/po/es/mwcc.po b/po/es/mwcc.po index ee6f7dd..f6eab2b 100644 --- a/po/es/mwcc.po +++ b/po/es/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:37+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-06 12:30-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-24 14:00+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Gunnar Wolf <gwolf@gwolf.org>\n" "Language-Team: Spanish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -241,9 +241,9 @@ msgid "" "quote>" msgstr "" "Hace tres años, justo después de haber sido contratado como CEO de Creative " -"Commons (CC), me encontré con Cory Doctorow en el bar del Hotel Gladstone, en " -"Toronto. Siendo él uno de los impulsores más reconocidos de CC —alguien que " -"tenía además una carrera exitosa, y un escritor que comparte sus obras " +"Commons (CC), me encontré con Cory Doctorow en el bar del Hotel Gladstone, " +"en Toronto. Siendo él uno de los impulsores más reconocidos de CC —alguien " +"que tenía además una carrera exitosa, y un escritor que comparte sus obras " "mediante CC— le dije que creía que CC cumplía un papel en definir e impulsar " "modelos de negocio abiertos. Gentilmente se manifestó en desacuerdo, y llamó " "a la búsqueda de modelos viables de negocio mediante CC <quote>una cortina " @@ -344,12 +344,12 @@ msgid "" "and community." msgstr "" "Paul sueña con un futuro en el que nuevos modelos de creatividad e " -"innovación dominen la inequidad y la escasez que hoy en día definen a lo peor " -"del capitalismo. A él lo impulsa la fuerza que tienen las conexiones humanas " -"entre las comunidad de creadores. Es más observador que la mayoría, y esto " -"ha hecho de él un mejor educador, un investigador perspicaz, y también un " -"hábil jardinero. Tiene una voz fresca y calma que transmite la pasión que " -"inspira a sus colegas y a su comunidad." +"innovación dominen la inequidad y la escasez que hoy en día definen a lo " +"peor del capitalismo. A él lo impulsa la fuerza que tienen las conexiones " +"humanas entre las comunidad de creadores. Es más observador que la mayoría, " +"y esto ha hecho de él un mejor educador, un investigador perspicaz, y " +"también un hábil jardinero. Tiene una voz fresca y calma que transmite la " +"pasión que inspira a sus colegas y a su comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:168 @@ -369,8 +369,8 @@ msgstr "" "angustia que viene de invertir tanto en una campaña política que no terminó " "como ella esperaba. Hoy, está más determinada que nunca a vivir apegada a " "sus valores. Puedo contar con Sarah siempre para impulsar a Creative Commons " -"y enfocarnos en nuestro impacto —hacer que lo primario sea lo primario. " -"Ella es práctica, detallista y lista, es la persona con quien más disfruto " +"y enfocarnos en nuestro impacto —hacer que lo primario sea lo primario. Ella " +"es práctica, detallista y lista, es la persona con quien más disfruto " "debatir de mi equipo." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> @@ -386,14 +386,13 @@ msgid "" "better book that is insightful, honest, and useful." msgstr "" "Como coautores, Paul y Sarah se complementan perfectamente, investigaron, " -"analizaron, discutieron, y trabajaron como un equipo, a veces juntos y " -"otras de forma independiente. Se sumergieron en la investigación y en la " -"escritura con pasión y curiosidad, y un profundo respeto por lo que conlleva " -"construir los comunes y compartirlos con el mundo. Se mantuvieron abiertos a " -"nuevas ideas, incluyendo la posibilidad de que sus teorías iniciales " -"requirieran refinamiento o estuvieran completamente equivocadas. Eso " -"requiere de valor, y llevó a que el libro resulte mejor, al ser interesante, " -"honesto y útil." +"analizaron, discutieron, y trabajaron como un equipo, a veces juntos y otras " +"de forma independiente. Se sumergieron en la investigación y en la escritura " +"con pasión y curiosidad, y un profundo respeto por lo que conlleva construir " +"los comunes y compartirlos con el mundo. Se mantuvieron abiertos a nuevas " +"ideas, incluyendo la posibilidad de que sus teorías iniciales requirieran " +"refinamiento o estuvieran completamente equivocadas. Eso requiere de valor, " +"y llevó a que el libro resulte mejor, al ser interesante, honesto y útil." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:191 @@ -422,12 +421,12 @@ msgid "" "them new supporters of Creative Commons." msgstr "" "Durante 31 días, en agosto de 2015, Sarah se dedicó a organizar y ejecutar " -"una campaña Kickstarter para generar el financiamiento para el libro. " -"El resto fue provisto por los generosos donantes y colaboradores de CC. A " -"fin de cuentas, resultó uno de los proyectos de libro más exitosos de " +"una campaña Kickstarter para generar el financiamiento para el libro. El " +"resto fue provisto por los generosos donantes y colaboradores de CC. A fin " +"de cuentas, resultó uno de los proyectos de libro más exitosos de " "Kickstarter, sobrepasando dos objetivos extendidos, e involucrando a más de " -"1600 donantes —para la mayoría de ellos, su primera contribución a " -"Creative Commons." +"1600 donantes —para la mayoría de ellos, su primera contribución a Creative " +"Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208 @@ -521,11 +520,11 @@ msgstr "" "Este no es un libro típico de negocios. Posiblemente decepcione a quien " "busque una receta o una hoja de ruta. Quienes buscan perseguir un fin " "social, construir algo grandioso mediante la colaboración, o unirse a una " -"comunidad global poderosa y creciente, seguramente tendrán un resultado satisfactorio. " -"<emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis> ofrece un conjunto de " -"valores y principios claramente articulados capaces de cambiar al mundo, " -"algunas herramientas esenciales para explorar tus propias oportunidades de " -"negocios, y dos docenas de dosis de inspiración pura." +"comunidad global poderosa y creciente, seguramente tendrán un resultado " +"satisfactorio. <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis> ofrece un " +"conjunto de valores y principios claramente articulados capaces de cambiar " +"al mundo, algunas herramientas esenciales para explorar tus propias " +"oportunidades de negocios, y dos docenas de dosis de inspiración pura." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:257 @@ -538,15 +537,14 @@ msgid "" "game; they experience it in groups, in communities, among strangers, among " "people they come to know, and sometimes like.</quote>" msgstr "" -"En el artículo publicado en Stanford Law Review de 1996, <quote>Las zonas del " -"ciberespacio</quote> (<emphasis>The Zones of Cyberspace</emphasis>), el " +"En el artículo publicado en Stanford Law Review de 1996, <quote>Las zonas " +"del ciberespacio</quote> (<emphasis>The Zones of Cyberspace</emphasis>), el " "fundador de CC, Lawrence Lessig, escribió: <quote>El ciberespacio es un " -"lugar. Hay gente que vive ahí. Experimentan ahí todas las cosas que " -"viven en el espacio real. Para algunos, incluso más. Y " -"lo experimentan no como individuos aislados, jugando en la " -"computadora de alta tecnología: lo experimentan grupalmente, en comunidades, " -"entre extraños, entre gente que van conociendo, de quienes se van haciendo " -"amigos.</quote>" +"lugar. Hay gente que vive ahí. Experimentan ahí todas las cosas que viven en " +"el espacio real. Para algunos, incluso más. Y lo experimentan no como " +"individuos aislados, jugando en la computadora de alta tecnología: lo " +"experimentan grupalmente, en comunidades, entre extraños, entre gente que " +"van conociendo, de quienes se van haciendo amigos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:267 @@ -614,11 +612,11 @@ msgstr "" "objetivo no era identificar una fórmula para modelos de negocio que usaran " "Creative Commons, sino recopilar ideas frescas y ejemplos dinámicos que " "detonaran modelos nuevos e innovadores, y ayudar a terceros a seguir su " -"ejemplo, construyendo sobre lo que ya ha demostrado que funciona. Al principio, " -"enmarcamos nuestra investigación en términos comerciales-familiares. Creamos " -"un <quote>lienzo de modelo de negocios abiertos</quote> en blanco, una " -"herramienta interactiva en línea que ayudara a la gente a diseñar y " -"analizar su modelo de negocios." +"ejemplo, construyendo sobre lo que ya ha demostrado que funciona. Al " +"principio, enmarcamos nuestra investigación en términos comerciales-" +"familiares. Creamos un <quote>lienzo de modelo de negocios abiertos</quote> " +"en blanco, una herramienta interactiva en línea que ayudara a la gente a " +"diseñar y analizar su modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:303 @@ -656,10 +654,10 @@ msgid "" "growth but to sustain the operation." msgstr "" "Aquellos a quienes entrevistábamos no eran los típicos vendedores a " -"consumidores buscando maximizar sus ingresos y rentabilidad. En vez de " -"ello, estaban compartiendo para hacer del mundo un mejor lugar, creando " -"relaciones y una comunidad alrededor de los trabajos que compartían, y " -"generando ganancias, no buscando un crecimiento ilimitado, sino únicamente para " +"consumidores buscando maximizar sus ingresos y rentabilidad. En vez de ello, " +"estaban compartiendo para hacer del mundo un mejor lugar, creando relaciones " +"y una comunidad alrededor de los trabajos que compartían, y generando " +"ganancias, no buscando un crecimiento ilimitado, sino únicamente para " "sostener sus operaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> @@ -674,9 +672,9 @@ msgstr "" "Con frecuencia no les gustaba escuchar que se describiera lo que hacían como " "un modelo de negocios abierto. Su emprendimiento iba más allá que eso, era " "algo diferente. Algo que no únicamente genera valor económico, sino que " -"también valor social y cultural. Algo que involucra a la conexión humana. Ser " -"<emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis> no es <quote>negocios como " -"siempre.</quote>" +"también valor social y cultural. Algo que involucra a la conexión humana. " +"Ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis> no es <quote>negocios " +"como siempre.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:332 @@ -694,8 +692,8 @@ msgstr "" "estado periódicas a nuestros patrocinadores de Kickstarter. Intercambiamos " "borradores de estudios de caso y análisis con nuestros co-creadores de " "Kickstarter, quienes nos ayudaron con invaluables ediciones, " -"retroalimentación y consejos. Nuestra forma cambió drásticamente " -"en el transcurso de un año y medio." +"retroalimentación y consejos. Nuestra forma cambió drásticamente en el " +"transcurso de un año y medio." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:341 @@ -738,12 +736,11 @@ msgid "" "commons." msgstr "" "La parte uno, que es la imagen general, inicia con un marco conceptual " -"escrito por Paul. Presenta un contexto histórico para los bienes " -"comunes digitales, describiendo las tres maneras en que la sociedad ha " -"administrado los recursos y compartido la riqueza —los comunes, el mercado " -"y el Estado. Sugiere pensar más allá de términos de negocios y mercado, y " -"elocuentemente defiende la importancia de compartir y enriquecer los comunes " -"digitales." +"escrito por Paul. Presenta un contexto histórico para los bienes comunes " +"digitales, describiendo las tres maneras en que la sociedad ha administrado " +"los recursos y compartido la riqueza —los comunes, el mercado y el Estado. " +"Sugiere pensar más allá de términos de negocios y mercado, y elocuentemente " +"defiende la importancia de compartir y enriquecer los comunes digitales." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:364 @@ -786,8 +783,8 @@ msgid "" "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " "in the interviews, we divided up the writing of these profiles." msgstr "" -"La parte dos del libro consiste de las 24 historias de los " -"creadores, negocios y organizaciones a quienes entrevistamos. Si bien ambos " +"La parte dos del libro consiste de las 24 historias de los creadores, " +"negocios y organizaciones a quienes entrevistamos. Si bien ambos " "participamos en las entrevistas, nos dividimos la escritura de estos " "perfiles." @@ -812,10 +809,10 @@ msgid "" "economy and world for the better." msgstr "" "Escribir este libro nos ha transformado e inspirado. La forma en que ahora " -"vemos y pensamos lo que significa ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative " -"Commons</emphasis> ha cambiado irrevocablemente. Esperamos que este libro " -"inspire a los lectores y a sus empresas a utilizar Creative Commons y, al " -"hacerlo, contribuya a transformar nuestra economía y al mundo para mejor." +"vemos y pensamos lo que significa ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</" +"emphasis> ha cambiado irrevocablemente. Esperamos que este libro inspire a " +"los lectores y a sus empresas a utilizar Creative Commons y, al hacerlo, " +"contribuya a transformar nuestra economía y al mundo para mejor." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:399 @@ -842,7 +839,8 @@ msgstr "Paul Stacey" msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" -"Jonathan Rowe, <emphasis>Our Common Wealth</emphasis> (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." +"Jonathan Rowe, <emphasis>Our Common Wealth</emphasis> (San Francisco: " +"Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 @@ -893,8 +891,8 @@ msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" -"David Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " -"the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." +"David Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the " +"Life of the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 @@ -970,12 +968,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Las organizaciones y los negocios en nuestros casos de estudio son únicas en " "la forma en que participan en los comunes, al tiempo que se mantienen " -"involucrados con el mercado o con el Estado. Varía el grado de involucramiento con " -"el mercado o Estado. Algunas operan ante todo en los comunes con " -"mínima o ninguna dependencia del mercado o Estado.<placeholder type=" -"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Otras son parte del mercado o Estado, y dependen de " -"éstos para su sotenibilidad financiera. Todas operan como híbridos, " -"mezclando las normas de cada uno de los comunes con las del mercado o Estado." +"involucrados con el mercado o con el Estado. Varía el grado de " +"involucramiento con el mercado o Estado. Algunas operan ante todo en los " +"comunes con mínima o ninguna dependencia del mercado o Estado.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Otras son parte del mercado o Estado, y " +"dependen de éstos para su sotenibilidad financiera. Todas operan como " +"híbridos, mezclando las normas de cada uno de los comunes con las del " +"mercado o Estado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 @@ -1001,11 +1000,11 @@ msgstr "" "Algunos de nuestros casos de estudio son simplemente comunes y empresas de " "mercado con poco o ningún involucramiento con el Estado. Una representación " "de estos casos de estudio mostraría una esfera del Estado pequeña o incluso " -"ausente. Otros, se basan ante todo en el mercado, con sólo " -"un pequeño involucramiento con los comunes. Una representación de estos " -"casos de estudio mostraría una gran esfera del mercado y una pequeña esfera " -"de los comunes. El grado en el cuál una empresa se ve a sí misma " -"de un tipo o de otro afecta el balance de normas bajo las cuales operan." +"ausente. Otros, se basan ante todo en el mercado, con sólo un pequeño " +"involucramiento con los comunes. Una representación de estos casos de " +"estudio mostraría una gran esfera del mercado y una pequeña esfera de los " +"comunes. El grado en el cuál una empresa se ve a sí misma de un tipo o de " +"otro afecta el balance de normas bajo las cuales operan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 @@ -1033,11 +1032,11 @@ msgid "" "build the commons. Beyond money, laws and regulations regarding property, " "copyright, business, and finance can all be designed to foster the commons." msgstr "" -"El Estado desempeña un papel importante en la promoción del uso y la adopción de " -"los bienes ocmunes. Los programas y financiamiento del Estado pueden " -"contribuir y construir comunes de forma deliberada. Más allá del dinero, " -"pueden diseñarse las leyes y regulaciones con respecto a propiedad, derechos " -"de autor, negocios y finanzas para promoverlos." +"El Estado desempeña un papel importante en la promoción del uso y la " +"adopción de los bienes ocmunes. Los programas y financiamiento del Estado " +"pueden contribuir y construir comunes de forma deliberada. Más allá del " +"dinero, pueden diseñarse las leyes y regulaciones con respecto a propiedad, " +"derechos de autor, negocios y finanzas para promoverlos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 @@ -1095,9 +1094,9 @@ msgid "" "Strandburg (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." msgstr "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " -"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons</quote>, en <emphasis>Governing Knowledge " -"Commons</emphasis>, eds. Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, y Katherine J. " -"Strandburg (Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." +"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons</quote>, en <emphasis>Governing " +"Knowledge Commons</emphasis>, eds. Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, " +"y Katherine J. Strandburg (Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 @@ -1115,9 +1114,9 @@ msgstr "" "en forma de comunes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Su marco " "conceptual considera cosas como las características biofísicas de recursos " "comunes, los actores de la comunidad y las interacciones que tienen lugar " -"entre ellos, reglas en uso y resultados. Dicho marco conceptual para este capítulo ha sido " -"simplificado y generalizado para aplicarlo a los comunes, al mercado y al " -"Estado." +"entre ellos, reglas en uso y resultados. Dicho marco conceptual para este " +"capítulo ha sido simplificado y generalizado para aplicarlo a los comunes, " +"al mercado y al Estado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 @@ -1132,8 +1131,8 @@ msgstr "" "el Estado trabajan, consideremos cuatro aspectos de la gestión de recursos: " "características del recurso, las personas involucradas y los procesos que " "siguen, las normas y reglas que desarrollan para gobernar el uso y, " -"finalmente, el uso real del recurso junto con los resultados de ese uso (véase la " -"figura 1.2)." +"finalmente, el uso real del recurso junto con los resultados de ese uso " +"(véase la figura 1.2)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 @@ -1180,10 +1179,10 @@ msgstr "" "físico y se lo doy a otra persona, yo ya no lo tengo más. Cuando un recurso " "se retira y se usa, la disponibilidad total se reduce o agota. La escasez " "puede resultar en una rivalidad competitiva por el recurso. Las empresas " -"<emphasis>Hechas con Creative Commons</emphasis>, por lo general, se basan en " -"medios digitales, pero algunos de nuestros casos de estudio también producen " -"recursos en forma física. Los costos de producir y distribuir un bien físico, " -"casi siempre, requieren que se involucren con el mercado." +"<emphasis>Hechas con Creative Commons</emphasis>, por lo general, se basan " +"en medios digitales, pero algunos de nuestros casos de estudio también " +"producen recursos en forma física. Los costos de producir y distribuir un " +"bien físico, casi siempre, requieren que se involucren con el mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 @@ -1197,12 +1196,11 @@ msgid "" "inherent characteristic of digital resources." msgstr "" "Los recursos físicos son agotables, exclusivos y rivales. Los recursos " -"digitales no. Si yo " -"comparto un recurso digital con alguna persona, ambos tenemos el recurso. " -"Dárselo a alguien no significa que yo ya no lo tenga. Los recursos digitales " -"pueden ser almacenados, copiados y distribuidos de forma infinita sin " -"agotarse, y a un costo cercano a cero. La abundancia, " -"es una característica inherente de los recursos digitales." +"digitales no. Si yo comparto un recurso digital con alguna persona, ambos " +"tenemos el recurso. Dárselo a alguien no significa que yo ya no lo tenga. " +"Los recursos digitales pueden ser almacenados, copiados y distribuidos de " +"forma infinita sin agotarse, y a un costo cercano a cero. La abundancia, es " +"una característica inherente de los recursos digitales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 @@ -1215,10 +1213,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "La naturaleza no agotable, no exclusiva y no rival de los recursos digitales " "significa que las reglas y normas para gestionarlos pueden (y deben) ser " -"diferentes a la gestión de los recursos físicos. Sin embargo, éste no " -"es siempre el caso. Los recursos digitales con frecuencia se hacen escasear " -"de forma artificial. Poner recursos digitales en los comunes los hace libres " -"y abundantes." +"diferentes a la gestión de los recursos físicos. Sin embargo, éste no es " +"siempre el caso. Los recursos digitales con frecuencia se hacen escasear de " +"forma artificial. Poner recursos digitales en los comunes los hace libres y " +"abundantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 @@ -1252,13 +1250,13 @@ msgid "" "enhanced form to future generations." msgstr "" "Mas allá de esta idea de físico contra digital, los comunes, el mercado y el " -"Estado conciben a los recursos de forma diferente (véase la figura 1.3). El mercado " -"ve los recursos como bienes privados —mercancías para la venta— a partir de " -"los cuales se extrae valor. El Estado ve los recursos como bienes públicos " -"que brindan valor a los ciudadanos. En los comunes ven a los recursos como " -"comunes, que brindan riqueza común, extendiéndose más allá de las fronteras " -"del Estado para ser pasadas a futuras generaciones de forma no disminuida y, " -"en ocasiones, mejorada." +"Estado conciben a los recursos de forma diferente (véase la figura 1.3). El " +"mercado ve los recursos como bienes privados —mercancías para la venta— a " +"partir de los cuales se extrae valor. El Estado ve los recursos como bienes " +"públicos que brindan valor a los ciudadanos. En los comunes ven a los " +"recursos como comunes, que brindan riqueza común, extendiéndose más allá de " +"las fronteras del Estado para ser pasadas a futuras generaciones de forma no " +"disminuida y, en ocasiones, mejorada." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:627 @@ -1289,9 +1287,9 @@ msgstr "" "En el Estado, un gobierno de oficiales elegidos es responsable de gestionar " "recursos en nombre del público. Los ciudadanos que producen y usan esos " "recursos no están directamente involucrados. En lugar de esto, se entrega al " -"gobierno. Así, ministerios y departamentos de Estado, con servidores públicos " -"como empleados, establecen presupuestos, implementan programas y gestionan " -"recursos con base en prioridades y procedimientos del gobierno." +"gobierno. Así, ministerios y departamentos de Estado, con servidores " +"públicos como empleados, establecen presupuestos, implementan programas y " +"gestionan recursos con base en prioridades y procedimientos del gobierno." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:643 @@ -1305,11 +1303,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "En el mercado, las personas involucradas son productoras, compradoras, " "vendedoras y consumidoras. Los negocios actúan como intermediarios entre " -"aquellas que producen recursos y las que los consumen o usan. Los " -"procesos de mercado buscan extraer de los recursos tanto valor monetario " -"como sea posible. En el mercado, los recursos se gestionan como mercancías, " -"con frecuencia producidas en masa, y vendidas a consumidores sobre la base " -"de una transacción de efectivo." +"aquellas que producen recursos y las que los consumen o usan. Los procesos " +"de mercado buscan extraer de los recursos tanto valor monetario como sea " +"posible. En el mercado, los recursos se gestionan como mercancías, con " +"frecuencia producidas en masa, y vendidas a consumidores sobre la base de " +"una transacción de efectivo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:654 @@ -1317,8 +1315,8 @@ msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" -"Max Haiven, <emphasis>Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " -"and the Commons</emphasis> (Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." +"Max Haiven, <emphasis>Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, " +"Creativity and the Commons</emphasis> (Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:652 @@ -1340,16 +1338,16 @@ msgstr "" "gestionados de forma más directa por las personas involucradas.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Creadores de recursos producidos por personas " "pueden ponerlos en los comunes por elección personal. No se requiere permiso " -"del Estado o del mercado. Cualquier persona puede participar en los comunes y " -"determinar por sí misma con cuál quiere estar involucrada " -"—contribuyente, usuario o administrador. Las personas involucradas no " -"incluyen solo a aquellas que crean y usan recursos, sino también a aquellas " -"afectadas por el resultado de su uso. A quién afecta su opinión, " -"acciones que puede tomar, y el alcance de la toma de decisiones. En los " -"comunes, la comunidad como un todo gestiona los recursos. Los recursos " -"puestos en los comunes usando Creative Commons requieren que los usuarios " -"den crédito al creador original. Conocer a la persona detrás del recurso " -"vuelve a los comunes menos anónimos y más personales." +"del Estado o del mercado. Cualquier persona puede participar en los comunes " +"y determinar por sí misma con cuál quiere estar involucrada —contribuyente, " +"usuario o administrador. Las personas involucradas no incluyen solo a " +"aquellas que crean y usan recursos, sino también a aquellas afectadas por " +"el resultado de su uso. A quién afecta su opinión, acciones que puede " +"tomar, y el alcance de la toma de decisiones. En los comunes, la comunidad " +"como un todo gestiona los recursos. Los recursos puestos en los comunes " +"usando Creative Commons requieren que los usuarios den crédito al creador " +"original. Conocer a la persona detrás del recurso vuelve a los comunes menos " +"anónimos y más personales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:672 @@ -1376,8 +1374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Las interacciones sociales entre personas, y los procesos empleados por el " "Estado, el mercado y los comunes, evolucionan en normas sociales y reglas. " -"Éstas definen permisos, asignan derechos y resuelven " -"disputas." +"Éstas definen permisos, asignan derechos y resuelven disputas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:694 @@ -1457,8 +1454,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Joshua Farley e Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy</quote>, en <emphasis>Free Knowledge: Confronting the " -"Commodification of Human Discovery</emphasis>, eds. Patricia W. Elliott y Daryl H. " -"Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." +"Commodification of Human Discovery</emphasis>, eds. Patricia W. Elliott y " +"Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:728 @@ -1542,10 +1539,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Usar los comunes para gestionar recursos es parte de un largo continuo " "histórico. Sin embargo, en la sociedad contemporánea, el mercado y el Estado " -"dominan el discurso sobre cuál es la mejor manera de gestionar los recursos. Es " -"raro que los comunes siquiera se consideren como una opción. Los comunes han " -"desaparecido de la conciencia y consideración en gran parte. No hay reportes " -"noticiosos o discursos acerca de los comunes." +"dominan el discurso sobre cuál es la mejor manera de gestionar los recursos. " +"Es raro que los comunes siquiera se consideren como una opción. Los comunes " +"han desaparecido de la conciencia y consideración en gran parte. No hay " +"reportes noticiosos o discursos acerca de los comunes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:780 @@ -1568,9 +1565,9 @@ msgid "" "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " "2014), 42–43." msgstr "" -"Rowe, <emphasis>Our Common Wealth</emphasis>, 19; y Heather Menzies, <emphasis>Reclaiming the Commons for " -"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " -"2014), 42–43." +"Rowe, <emphasis>Our Common Wealth</emphasis>, 19; y Heather Menzies, " +"<emphasis>Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " +"Manifesto</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 42–43." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:787 @@ -1591,8 +1588,8 @@ msgstr "" "en la forma de soberans influenciaba a los comunes, pero de ninguna forma " "los controlaba. La participación social directa en los comunes era la forma " "principal con la cuál se gestionaban los recursos y se satisfacían las " -"necesidades (la figura 1.4 ilustra a los comunes en relación a el Estado y el " -"mercado)." +"necesidades (la figura 1.4 ilustra a los comunes en relación a el Estado y " +"el mercado)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:802 @@ -1617,9 +1614,10 @@ msgid "" "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " "and Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 88." msgstr "" -"Fritjof Capra y Ugo Mattei, <emphasis>The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " -"Tune with Nature and Community</emphasis> (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " -"y Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, 88." +"Fritjof Capra y Ugo Mattei, <emphasis>The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal " +"System in Tune with Nature and Community</emphasis> (Oakland, CA: Berrett-" +"Koehler, 2015), 46–57; y Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</" +"emphasis>, 88." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:814 @@ -1639,9 +1637,9 @@ msgstr "" "Antiguamente, los <quote>comuneros</quote> eran desalojados de la tierra, se " "levantaban vallas y cercas, se aprobaban leyes y se vigilaba el espacio para " "prohibir el acceso.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> De forma " -"gradual, los recursos se volvieron propiedad del Estado y éste se " -"volvió la forma principal mediante la cual los recursos se gestionaban. (Véase " -"la figura 1.5)." +"gradual, los recursos se volvieron propiedad del Estado y éste se volvió la " +"forma principal mediante la cual los recursos se gestionaban. (Véase la " +"figura 1.5)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830 @@ -1657,16 +1655,16 @@ msgid "" "living, improved health, and education. Fig. 6 shows how today the market is " "the primary means by which resources are managed." msgstr "" -"La tenencia de la tierra, el agua y la caza eran distribuidas a la familia gobernante " -"y políticos designados. Las masas desplazadas de la tierra migraron a las " -"ciudades. Con el surgimiento de la revolución industrial, la tierra y los " -"recursos se volvieron bienes que se vendían a negocios para soportar la " -"producción. Las monarquías evolucionaron a parlamentos elegidos. Las masas " -"se volvieron trabajadores ganando dinero a cambio de la operación de " -"maquinaria industrial. Leyes financieras, de negocios y de propiedad fueron " -"revisadas por los gobiernos para apoyar a mercados, crecimiento y " -"productividad. La figura 1.6 muestra cómo hoy el mercado es el medio principal " -"por el cual los recursos son gestionados." +"La tenencia de la tierra, el agua y la caza eran distribuidas a la familia " +"gobernante y políticos designados. Las masas desplazadas de la tierra " +"migraron a las ciudades. Con el surgimiento de la revolución industrial, la " +"tierra y los recursos se volvieron bienes que se vendían a negocios para " +"soportar la producción. Las monarquías evolucionaron a parlamentos elegidos. " +"Las masas se volvieron trabajadores ganando dinero a cambio de la operación " +"de maquinaria industrial. Leyes financieras, de negocios y de propiedad " +"fueron revisadas por los gobiernos para apoyar a mercados, crecimiento y " +"productividad. La figura 1.6 muestra cómo hoy el mercado es el medio " +"principal por el cual los recursos son gestionados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 @@ -1701,13 +1699,13 @@ msgid "" "and a justification for private property and free markets." msgstr "" "La sobreexplotación fue el tema de el influyente ensayo de Garret Hardin, " -"<emphasis>La tragedia de los comunes</emphasis>, publicado en la revista <emphasis>Science</emphasis> " -"en 1968. Hardin argumenta que, en los comunes, todos buscan maximizar la " -"ganancia personal y continuar haciéndolo incluso cuando se alcanzan los " -"límites de los comunes. Éste es entonces trágicamente agotado, al punto en el " -"que ya no puede soportar a nadie. El ensayo de Hardin se volvió aceptado de " -"forma extensa como cierto y una justificación para la propiedad privada y el " -"libre mercado." +"<emphasis>La tragedia de los comunes</emphasis>, publicado en la revista " +"<emphasis>Science</emphasis> en 1968. Hardin argumenta que, en los comunes, " +"todos buscan maximizar la ganancia personal y continuar haciéndolo incluso " +"cuando se alcanzan los límites de los comunes. Éste es entonces trágicamente " +"agotado, al punto en el que ya no puede soportar a nadie. El ensayo de " +"Hardin se volvió aceptado de forma extensa como cierto y una justificación " +"para la propiedad privada y el libre mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:889 @@ -1740,14 +1738,14 @@ msgid "" "collective action.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Sin embargo, hay una seria falla en <emphasis>La tragedia de los comunes</" -"emphasis> de Hardin: es ficticia. Hardin en realidad no estudió cómo funcionan " -"los comunes reales. Elinor Ostrom ganó el Premio Nobel de Economía de 2009 " -"por estudiar diferentes comunes alrededor del mundo. El trabajo de Ostrom " -"mostró que los recursos naturales de los comunes pueden ser gestionados de " -"forma exitosa por comunidades locales sin ninguna regulación por parte de " -"autoridades centrales y sin privatización. El gobierno y la privatización no " -"son las únicas dos opciones. Hay una tercera forma: gestión por las " -"personas, donde aquellas que son impactadas de forma directa están " +"emphasis> de Hardin: es ficticia. Hardin en realidad no estudió cómo " +"funcionan los comunes reales. Elinor Ostrom ganó el Premio Nobel de Economía " +"de 2009 por estudiar diferentes comunes alrededor del mundo. El trabajo de " +"Ostrom mostró que los recursos naturales de los comunes pueden ser " +"gestionados de forma exitosa por comunidades locales sin ninguna regulación " +"por parte de autoridades centrales y sin privatización. El gobierno y la " +"privatización no son las únicas dos opciones. Hay una tercera forma: gestión " +"por las personas, donde aquellas que son impactadas de forma directa están " "involucradas de forma directa. Con recursos naturales, hay una localidad " "regional. Las personas en la región están más familiarizadas con el recurso " "natural, tienen la relación más directa e historia compartida y, por lo " @@ -1785,8 +1783,8 @@ msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" -"Farley y Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information</quote>, en Elliott " -"y Hepting, <emphasis>Free Knowledge</emphasis>, 203." +"Farley y Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information</quote>, en Elliott y " +"Hepting, <emphasis>Free Knowledge</emphasis>, 203." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:908 @@ -1802,15 +1800,15 @@ msgid "" "rules to be applied." msgstr "" "La historia de Hardin se basa en la premisa de recursos agotables. Los " -"economistas se han enfocado casi exclusivamente en los mercados basados en la " -"escasez. Muy poco se sabe acerca de cómo funciona la abundancia.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El surgimiento de información tecnológica y la " -"Internet ha llevado a una explosión en recursos digitales y a nuevos medios " -"para compartir y distribuir. Los recursos digitales no se pueden agotar " -"jamás. Sin embargo, la ausencia de un modelo teórico de cómo funciona la " -"abundancia ha llevado al mercado a hacer que los recursos digitales sean " -"artificialmente escasos y que sea posible aplicar las normas y reglas " -"usuales del mercado." +"economistas se han enfocado casi exclusivamente en los mercados basados en " +"la escasez. Muy poco se sabe acerca de cómo funciona la abundancia." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El surgimiento de información " +"tecnológica y la Internet ha llevado a una explosión en recursos digitales y " +"a nuevos medios para compartir y distribuir. Los recursos digitales no se " +"pueden agotar jamás. Sin embargo, la ausencia de un modelo teórico de cómo " +"funciona la abundancia ha llevado al mercado a hacer que los recursos " +"digitales sean artificialmente escasos y que sea posible aplicar las normas " +"y reglas usuales del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 @@ -1884,9 +1882,9 @@ msgid "" "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " "2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>." msgstr "" -"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote>, GNU Operating System, el Free Software " -"Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accesado el 30 de diciembre de " -"2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>." +"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote>, GNU Operating System, el Free " +"Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accesado el 30 de " +"diciembre de 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:973 @@ -1943,8 +1941,8 @@ msgstr "" "programas de código abierto y libre también generaron un efecto de red en " "donde el valor de un producto o servicio incrementa con el número de " "personas usándolo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El drástico " -"crecimiento de la misma Internet le debe mucho al hecho de que nadie tenía un " -"candado propietario sobre los protocolos centrales de Internet." +"crecimiento de la misma Internet le debe mucho al hecho de que nadie tenía " +"un candado propietario sobre los protocolos centrales de Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013 @@ -1954,10 +1952,10 @@ msgid "" "rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink url=\"http://www." "catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." msgstr "" -"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron</quote>, en <emphasis>The Cathedral and the " -"Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary</emphasis>, " -"rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001, <ulink url=\"http://www." -"catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." +"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron</quote>, en <emphasis>The " +"Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental " +"Revolutionary</emphasis>, rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001, " +"<ulink url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1005 @@ -2111,10 +2109,10 @@ msgid "" "journals, educational resources, music and other audio tracks, and videos." msgstr "" "En 2015, había más de mil millones de trabajos licenciados bajo Creative " -"Commons en los comunes globales. Estos trabajos fueron vistos en línea 136000 " -"millones de veces. Las personas están usando licencias Creative Commons " -"alrededor del mundo, en 34 idiomas. Estos recursos incluyen " -"fotos, trabajos artísticos, artículos de investigación en revistas, recursos " +"Commons en los comunes globales. Estos trabajos fueron vistos en línea " +"136000 millones de veces. Las personas están usando licencias Creative " +"Commons alrededor del mundo, en 34 idiomas. Estos recursos incluyen fotos, " +"trabajos artísticos, artículos de investigación en revistas, recursos " "educativos, música y otros tipos de audio y vídeos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> @@ -2259,9 +2257,9 @@ msgstr "" "privatización de muchos recursos naturales, utilidades, servicios e " "infraestructura pública.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Mientras " "este sistema ha sido altamente eficiente para generar consumismo y un " -"crecimiento en el producto interno bruto (PIB), el efecto en el bienestar humano " -"ha sido mixto. Contrarrestando los crecientes estándares de vida y las " -"mejoras en salud y educación, están las siempre crecientes desigualdad " +"crecimiento en el producto interno bruto (PIB), el efecto en el bienestar " +"humano ha sido mixto. Contrarrestando los crecientes estándares de vida y " +"las mejoras en salud y educación, están las siempre crecientes desigualdad " "social, pobreza, deterioro de nuestro ambiente natural, y los rompimientos " "de la democracia.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" @@ -2377,17 +2375,16 @@ msgstr "" "del mercado, lo cual las coloca menos como comunes, y más como un negocio " "tradicional que busca ganancias financieras. En buena medida, la economía " "compartida no se trata de comunes o de cómo construir una alternativa a la " -"economía de mercado dirigida por corporaciones, sino de extender el " -"libre mercado desregulado hacia nuevas áreas de nuestras vidas.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Aunque ninguna de las personas que " -"entrevistamos en nuestros casos de estudio se describirían a ellas mismas " -"como parte de una economía compartida, de hecho hay algunos paralelismos " -"importantes. Tanto la economía compartida como los comunes hacen un mejor " -"uso de la capacidad de activos. La economía compartida ve a las residencias " -"peronales y autos como algo que tiene una capacidad latente sobrante con " -"valor para alquiler. El acceso equitativo de los comunes amplía y " -"diversifica el número de personas que pueden usar y derivar valor de un " -"activo." +"economía de mercado dirigida por corporaciones, sino de extender el libre " +"mercado desregulado hacia nuevas áreas de nuestras vidas.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Aunque ninguna de las personas que entrevistamos en " +"nuestros casos de estudio se describirían a ellas mismas como parte de una " +"economía compartida, de hecho hay algunos paralelismos importantes. Tanto la " +"economía compartida como los comunes hacen un mejor uso de la capacidad de " +"activos. La economía compartida ve a las residencias peronales y autos como " +"algo que tiene una capacidad latente sobrante con valor para alquiler. El " +"acceso equitativo de los comunes amplía y diversifica el número de personas " +"que pueden usar y derivar valor de un activo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1223 @@ -2415,15 +2412,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Una forma en la que los casos de estudio de <emphasis>Hecho con Creative " "Commons</emphasis> se diferencian de aquellos de la economía compartida es " -"en su enfoque en los recursos digitales. Éstos funcionan " -"bajo reglas económicas diferentes a las físicas. En un mundo en el que los " -"precios siempre parecen subir, la tecnología de la información es una " -"anomalía. El poder de procesamiento computacional, almacenamiento y ancho de " -"banda están incrementando de forma acelerada, pero en lugar de que los " -"costos suban, éstos están bajando. Las tecnologías digitales se están " -"volviendo más rápidas, mejores y más baratas. Los costos de cualquier cosa " -"que se construya sobre estas tecnologías siempre van a bajar hasta que se " -"acerquen a cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"en su enfoque en los recursos digitales. Éstos funcionan bajo reglas " +"económicas diferentes a las físicas. En un mundo en el que los precios " +"siempre parecen subir, la tecnología de la información es una anomalía. El " +"poder de procesamiento computacional, almacenamiento y ancho de banda están " +"incrementando de forma acelerada, pero en lugar de que los costos suban, " +"éstos están bajando. Las tecnologías digitales se están volviendo más " +"rápidas, mejores y más baratas. Los costos de cualquier cosa que se " +"construya sobre estas tecnologías siempre van a bajar hasta que se acerquen " +"a cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1229 @@ -2459,9 +2456,9 @@ msgid "" "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " "Macmillan, 2014), 273." msgstr "" -"Jeremy Rifkin, <emphasis>The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " -"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism</emphasis> (Nueva York: Palgrave " -"Macmillan, 2014) , 273." +"Jeremy Rifkin, <emphasis>The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of " +"Things, the Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism</emphasis> " +"(Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014) , 273." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1243 @@ -2491,10 +2488,10 @@ msgid "" "looking to change the norms and rules by which the market operates." msgstr "" "Algunas están buscando minimizar las interacciones con el mercado y operar " -"de una forma tan autónoma como sea posible. Otras lo hacen en gran " -"parte como un negocio dentro de las reglas y normas presentes en el mercado. " -"E incluso, otras buscan cambiar las normas y reglas bajo las cuales " -"opera el mercado." +"de una forma tan autónoma como sea posible. Otras lo hacen en gran parte " +"como un negocio dentro de las reglas y normas presentes en el mercado. E " +"incluso, otras buscan cambiar las normas y reglas bajo las cuales opera el " +"mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1270 @@ -2503,9 +2500,10 @@ msgid "" "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " "from the Ground Up (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39." msgstr "" -"Gar Alperovitz, <emphasis>What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " -"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " -"from the Ground Up</emphasis> (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39." +"Gar Alperovitz, <emphasis>What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next " +"American Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-" +"Sustaining Economy from the Ground Up</emphasis> (White River Junction, VT: " +"Chelsea Green, 2013), 39." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1279 @@ -2513,8 +2511,9 @@ msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" -"Marjorie Kelly, <quote>Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution</quote>; " -"<emphasis>Journeys to a Generative Economy</emphasis> (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." +"Marjorie Kelly, <quote>Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution</" +"quote>; <emphasis>Journeys to a Generative Economy</emphasis> (San " +"Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1263 @@ -2533,9 +2532,9 @@ msgstr "" "Para una corporación ordinaria, crear beneficio social como parte de sus " "operaciones es difícil, al tiempo que es un requisito legal tomar decisiones " "que beneficien financieramente a sus accionistas. Pero están emergiendo " -"nuevas formas de negocios. Hay corporaciones de beneficencia y " -"empresas sociales, que amplían sus objetivos de negocios de generar ingresos " -"a hacer un efecto positivo en la sociedad, en los trabajadores, la comunidad y el " +"nuevas formas de negocios. Hay corporaciones de beneficencia y empresas " +"sociales, que amplían sus objetivos de negocios de generar ingresos a hacer " +"un efecto positivo en la sociedad, en los trabajadores, la comunidad y el " "ambiente.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los negocios que son " "propiedad de la comunidad, propiedad de trabajadores, cooperativas, gremios, " "y otras formas organizacionales ofrecen alternativas a la corporación " @@ -2545,14 +2544,20 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, " +#| "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." msgid "" -"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis> (Hoboken, NJ: " +"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" "\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." msgstr "" "Alex Osterwalder e Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " -"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Puede consultarse una previsualización del libro " -"en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." +"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. Una previsualización del libro está " +"disponible en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-" +"generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284 @@ -2567,11 +2572,10 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>Un libro acerca de modelos abiertos de negocio</quote> es lo que " "describimos en la campaña de Kickstarter para este libro. Utilizamos un " "manual llamado <emphasis>Generación de modelos de negocio</emphasis> como " -"nuestra referencia para definir precisamente qué es. " -"Desarrollado a lo largo de nueve años usando un <quote>proceso abierto</" -"quote> que involucró 470 a coautores de 45 países, es un marco de " -"referencia útil acerca de los modelos de negocios.<placeholder type=" -"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"nuestra referencia para definir precisamente qué es. Desarrollado a lo largo " +"de nueve años usando un <quote>proceso abierto</quote> que involucró 470 a " +"coautores de 45 países, es un marco de referencia útil acerca de los modelos " +"de negocios.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1301 @@ -2613,17 +2617,17 @@ msgid "" "useful when we analyzed businesses and helped start-ups plan their economic " "model." msgstr "" -"Contiene un <quote>lienzo de modelo de negocios,</quote> que lo concibe " -"como algo que tiene nueve bloques de construcción." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Este lienzo en blanco puede servir " -"como una herramienta para que cualquier persona diseñe su propio modelo de " -"negocios. Nosotros lo remezclamos, convirtiéndolo en un lienzo de modelo de " -"negocios abierto, agregando tres bloques de construcción más, relevantes " -"para empresas de los comunes en el mercado híbrido: bien social, licencia " -"Creative Commons, y <quote>tipo de ambiente abierto en el que el negocio " -"encaja.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Este lienzo " -"mejorado demostró ser útil cuando analizamos los negocios y ayudamos a las " -"empresas de nueva creación a planear su modelo económico." +"Contiene un <quote>lienzo de modelo de negocios,</quote> que lo concibe como " +"algo que tiene nueve bloques de construcción.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> Este lienzo en blanco puede servir como una herramienta para que " +"cualquier persona diseñe su propio modelo de negocios. Nosotros lo " +"remezclamos, convirtiéndolo en un lienzo de modelo de negocios abierto, " +"agregando tres bloques de construcción más, relevantes para empresas de los " +"comunes en el mercado híbrido: bien social, licencia Creative Commons, y " +"<quote>tipo de ambiente abierto en el que el negocio encaja.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Este lienzo mejorado " +"demostró ser útil cuando analizamos los negocios y ayudamos a las empresas " +"de nueva creación a planear su modelo económico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1319 @@ -2638,18 +2642,18 @@ msgid "" "Commons use business speak; for some the process has been experimental, " "emergent, and organic rather than carefully planned using a predefined model." msgstr "" -"En nuestras entrevistas, muchas personas expresaron " -"incomodidad al describirse a sí mismas como un modelo de negocios abierto —" -"el término <emphasis>modelo de negocios</emphasis> sugería estar " -"principalmente situadas en el mercado. En dónde cada quién se siente en el " -"espectro que va entre los comunes y el mercado afecta hasta dónde se ve a sí " -"mismo en el mercado. Entre más central para la misión sean los valores de " -"recursos compartidos y los comunes, menos comodidad habrá al " -"autodescribirse, o describir lo que hace, como un negocio. No todas las " -"personas que tienen esfuerzos <emphasis>Hechos con Creative Commons</" -"emphasis> usan un lenguaje de negocios; para algunas el proceso ha sido " -"experimental, emergente y orgánico, en lugar de ser planeado cuidadosamente " -"usando un modelo predefinido." +"En nuestras entrevistas, muchas personas expresaron incomodidad al " +"describirse a sí mismas como un modelo de negocios abierto —el término " +"<emphasis>modelo de negocios</emphasis> sugería estar principalmente " +"situadas en el mercado. En dónde cada quién se siente en el espectro que va " +"entre los comunes y el mercado afecta hasta dónde se ve a sí mismo en el " +"mercado. Entre más central para la misión sean los valores de recursos " +"compartidos y los comunes, menos comodidad habrá al autodescribirse, o " +"describir lo que hace, como un negocio. No todas las personas que tienen " +"esfuerzos <emphasis>Hechos con Creative Commons</emphasis> usan un lenguaje " +"de negocios; para algunas el proceso ha sido experimental, emergente y " +"orgánico, en lugar de ser planeado cuidadosamente usando un modelo " +"predefinido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341 @@ -2660,12 +2664,12 @@ msgid "" "medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-" "can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." msgstr "" -"En la columna que publiqué en <emphasis>Medium</emphasis> el 6 de marzo de 2016, <quote>¿Qué es " -"un modelo de negocios abierto y cómo puedes generar ganancias?</quote>, se " -"presenta una lista más completa de diferentes maneras de obtener " -"ganancias. Está disponible en <ulink url=\"http://medium.com/made-with-" -"creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-" -"revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." +"En la columna que publiqué en <emphasis>Medium</emphasis> el 6 de marzo de " +"2016, <quote>¿Qué es un modelo de negocios abierto y cómo puedes generar " +"ganancias?</quote>, se presenta una lista más completa de diferentes maneras " +"de obtener ganancias. Está disponible en <ulink url=\"http://medium.com/made-" +"with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-" +"generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332 @@ -2787,9 +2791,9 @@ msgid "" "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" "44." msgstr "" -"Henry Chesbrough, <emphasis>Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " -"Profiting from Technology</emphasis> (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" -"44." +"Henry Chesbrough, <emphasis>Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating " +"and Profiting from Technology</emphasis> (Boston: Harvard Business Review " +"Press, 2006), 31–44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1396 @@ -2810,8 +2814,8 @@ msgstr "" "que los pueden usar llevan a nuevas ideas. La forma en que los recursos de " "los comunes pueden ser modificados, personalizados y mejorados resulta en " "trabajos derivados nunca imaginados por el creador original. Algunos " -"esfuerzos que están Hechos con Creative Commons promueven, de forma deliberada, " -"que las personas usuarias tomen los recursos que están siendo " +"esfuerzos que están Hechos con Creative Commons promueven, de forma " +"deliberada, que las personas usuarias tomen los recursos que están siendo " "compartidos, e innovar con éstos. Hacer esto mueve la investigación y " "desarrollo (I&D) de estar únicamente dentro de la organización a estar " "en la comunidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> La innovación " @@ -2835,9 +2839,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Los comunes impulsan el alcance y el efecto. Los bienes digitales son " "globales. Los recursos pueden ser creados por una necesidad local o " -"regional, pero van por todas partes generando una repercusión global. En el mundo " -"digital, no hay fronteras entre países. Cuando algo es <emphasis>Hecho con " -"Creative Commons</emphasis>, por lo general, es local y global al mismo " +"regional, pero van por todas partes generando una repercusión global. En el " +"mundo digital, no hay fronteras entre países. Cuando algo es <emphasis>Hecho " +"con Creative Commons</emphasis>, por lo general, es local y global al mismo " "tiempo: diseños digitales siendo distribuidos globalmente pero " "manufacturados localmente. Libros o música digital siendo distribuida " "globalmente, pero lecturas y conciertos realizados localmente. Los comunes " @@ -2859,8 +2863,8 @@ msgid "" "the public and contributes to the overall value of the commons." msgstr "" "Los comunes son generativos, en lugar de extraer valor, los comunes agregan " -"valor. Los recursos digitalizados persisten sin agotarse, y por medio del uso " -"son mejorados, personalizados y localizados. Cada uso agrega valor. El " +"valor. Los recursos digitalizados persisten sin agotarse, y por medio del " +"uso son mejorados, personalizados y localizados. Cada uso agrega valor. El " "mercado se enfoca en generar valor para el negocio y el cliente. El bien " "común genera valor para un rango más amplio de beneficiarios, incluyendo " "negocios, el cliente, la persona creadora, el público y los mismos comunes. " @@ -2905,10 +2909,10 @@ msgid "" "enterprises, choosing to manage resources as a commons ought to be the " "option of choice." msgstr "" -"Los beneficios de los comunes son muchos. Cuando éstos se alinean con " -"los objetivos de individuos, comunidades, negocios en el mercado, o empresas " -"del Estado, escoger la gestión de recursos como en los comunes debe ser la " -"mejor opción." +"Los beneficios de los comunes son muchos. Cuando éstos se alinean con los " +"objetivos de individuos, comunidades, negocios en el mercado, o empresas del " +"Estado, escoger la gestión de recursos como en los comunes debe ser la mejor " +"opción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 @@ -2968,10 +2972,10 @@ msgstr "" "Nuestros casos de estudio son diversos, variando desde la edición hasta la " "educación y producción. Todas nuestras organizaciones, negocios y personas " "creadoras en los casos de estudio producen recursos digitales. Los tenemos " -"en muchas formas, incluyendo libros, diseños, canciones, " -"investigación, datos, trabajos culturales, materiales educativos, iconos " -"gráficos y vídeo. Algunos son representaciones digitales de recursos " -"físicos. Otros nacen digitales pero pueden convertirse en recursos físicos." +"en muchas formas, incluyendo libros, diseños, canciones, investigación, " +"datos, trabajos culturales, materiales educativos, iconos gráficos y vídeo. " +"Algunos son representaciones digitales de recursos físicos. Otros nacen " +"digitales pero pueden convertirse en recursos físicos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1495 @@ -2983,8 +2987,8 @@ msgid "" "participation is open to all regardless of monetary means." msgstr "" "Ellos están creando nuevos recursos, o usando recursos de otras personas, o " -"mezclando recursos para hacer algo nuevo. Ellos, y su audiencia, " -"todos desempeñan un papel directo y participativo en la gestión de estos recursos, " +"mezclando recursos para hacer algo nuevo. Ellos, y su audiencia, todos " +"desempeñan un papel directo y participativo en la gestión de estos recursos, " "incluyendo su preservación, curación, distribución y mejora. El acceso y la " "participación es abierta a todas las personas sin importar los medios " "monetarios." @@ -3091,18 +3095,18 @@ msgid "" "way that enables the public not only to access it but also to make use of it." msgstr "" "Cuando empezamos este proyecto en agosto de 2015, nos dispusimos a escribir " -"sobre modelos de negocios que involucren licencias Creative Commons en alguna " -"forma importante —lo que llamamos ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</" -"emphasis>. Con la ayuda de nuestros patrocinadores en Kickstarter escogimos " -"24 esfuerzos de todo el mundo que estaban Hechos con Creative " +"sobre modelos de negocios que involucren licencias Creative Commons en " +"alguna forma importante —lo que llamamos ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative " +"Commons</emphasis>. Con la ayuda de nuestros patrocinadores en Kickstarter " +"escogimos 24 esfuerzos de todo el mundo que estaban Hechos con Creative " "Commons. La mezcla es diversa, desde un músico individual, a un editor de " "textos universitarios, a un fabricante de componentes electrónicos. Algunos " "hacen su propio contenido y lo comparten bajo licenciamiento Creative " "Commons. Otros son plataformas para trabajos creativos realizados por otros " "y licenciados con CC. Muchos están en algún punto intermedio, tanto usando y " "contribuyendo trabajo creativo que es compartido con el público. Como todas " -"las personas que usan las licencias, estos esfuerzos comparten su trabajo —ya " -"sea datos abiertos o diseños de muebles— en una forma que le permite al " +"las personas que usan las licencias, estos esfuerzos comparten su trabajo —" +"ya sea datos abiertos o diseños de muebles— en una forma que le permite al " "público no sólo accesarlo, sino también hacer uso de éste." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> @@ -3116,14 +3120,14 @@ msgid "" "Commons. In our interviews, we dug into the motivations, the role of CC " "licenses, modes of revenue generation, definitions of success." msgstr "" -"Analizamos los modelos de ingresos, segmentos de clientes y las " -"propuestas de valor de cada esfuerzo. Buscamos formas que al poner su " -"contenido bajo licencias Creative Commons ayudaran a elevar las ventas o " -"incrementar el alcance. Usando medidas tradicionales de éxito económico, " -"tratamos de mapear estos modelos de negocios en una forma que incorporara " -"significativamente el efecto de Creative Commons. En nuestras entrevistas, " -"nos adentramos en las motivaciones, el papel de las licencias CC, modos de " -"generación de ingresos, definiciones de éxito." +"Analizamos los modelos de ingresos, segmentos de clientes y las propuestas " +"de valor de cada esfuerzo. Buscamos formas que al poner su contenido bajo " +"licencias Creative Commons ayudaran a elevar las ventas o incrementar el " +"alcance. Usando medidas tradicionales de éxito económico, tratamos de mapear " +"estos modelos de negocios en una forma que incorporara significativamente el " +"efecto de Creative Commons. En nuestras entrevistas, nos adentramos en las " +"motivaciones, el papel de las licencias CC, modos de generación de ingresos, " +"definiciones de éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1574 @@ -3303,13 +3307,13 @@ msgstr "" "Ya sea que el público haga uso de la oportunidad de copiar y adaptar su " "trabajo o no, compartir con una licencia Creative Commons es un símbolo de " "cómo se quiere interactuar con las personas que consumen su trabajo. Cuando " -"se crea algo, es automático bajo el derecho de autor que va a ser " -"con <quote>todos los derechos reservados</quote>, entonces el símbolo de " -"derecho de autor (©) en el trabajo no necesariamente se entiende como un " -"marcador de desconfianza o proteccionismo excesivo. Pero usar una licencia " -"CC puede ser un símbolo de lo opuesto, de querer una relación humana real, " -"en lugar de una transacción de mercado impersonal. Deja abierta la " -"posibilidad de conexión." +"se crea algo, es automático bajo el derecho de autor que va a ser con " +"<quote>todos los derechos reservados</quote>, entonces el símbolo de derecho " +"de autor (©) en el trabajo no necesariamente se entiende como un marcador de " +"desconfianza o proteccionismo excesivo. Pero usar una licencia CC puede ser " +"un símbolo de lo opuesto, de querer una relación humana real, en lugar de " +"una transacción de mercado impersonal. Deja abierta la posibilidad de " +"conexión." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1667 @@ -3323,9 +3327,9 @@ msgstr "" "Ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis> no sólo demuestra " "valores conectados a CC y el compartir. También demuestra que algo más que " "las ganancias dirigen lo que usted hace. En nuestras entrevistas, siempre " -"preguntamos cómo veían su éxito. Fue maravilloso, " -"pocas veces mencionaron el dinero. La mayoría tienen un propósito más " -"profundo y una visión diferente del éxito." +"preguntamos cómo veían su éxito. Fue maravilloso, pocas veces mencionaron el " +"dinero. La mayoría tienen un propósito más profundo y una visión diferente " +"del éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680 @@ -3333,8 +3337,8 @@ msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" -"Cory Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " -"Age</emphasis> (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." +"Cory Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the " +"Internet Age</emphasis> (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1675 @@ -3350,18 +3354,17 @@ msgid "" "told us that the key question when creating something is <quote>Do you as " "the creator want to use it? It has to have personal use and meaning.</quote>" msgstr "" -"La motivación impulsora varía dependiendo del tipo de esfuerzo. Para las" -"personas creadoras, generalmente es inspiración personal. En " -"cierta forma, nada es nuevo. Como Doctorow escribió, <quote>Las personas " -"creadoras por lo general empiezan haciendo lo que hacen por amor.</" -"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero, cuando se comparte " -"trabajo creativo bajo una licencia CC, esa dinámica es aún más pronunciada. " -"De forja similar, para las personas que innovan con tecnología, por lo " -"general es menos acerca de crear una nueva cosa específica que las hará " -"ricas, y más acerca de resolver un problema específico que tienen. Los " -"creadores de Arduino nos contaron que la pregunta clave al crear algo es " -"<quote>¿Usted, como el creador, querría usarlo? Debe tener un uso y " -"significado personal.</quote>" +"La motivación impulsora varía dependiendo del tipo de esfuerzo. Para " +"laspersonas creadoras, generalmente es inspiración personal. En cierta " +"forma, nada es nuevo. Como Doctorow escribió, <quote>Las personas creadoras " +"por lo general empiezan haciendo lo que hacen por amor.</quote><placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero, cuando se comparte trabajo creativo bajo " +"una licencia CC, esa dinámica es aún más pronunciada. De forja similar, para " +"las personas que innovan con tecnología, por lo general es menos acerca de " +"crear una nueva cosa específica que las hará ricas, y más acerca de resolver " +"un problema específico que tienen. Los creadores de Arduino nos contaron que " +"la pregunta clave al crear algo es <quote>¿Usted, como el creador, querría " +"usarlo? Debe tener un uso y significado personal.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1692 @@ -3374,14 +3377,14 @@ msgid "" "with a straight face if they weren’t willing to show the world that it was " "OK to share their content using a Creative Commons license." msgstr "" -"Muchos que son <emphasis>Hechos con Creative Commons</emphasis> tienen una misión social expresa " -"que sustenta todo lo que hacen. En muchos casos, compartir con Creative " -"Commons avanza de forma expresa esta misión social, y usar las licencias " -"puede ser la diferencia entre legitimidad e hipocresía. El cofundador de " -"Noun Project, Edward Boatman, nos contó que ellos no podrían declarar su " -"misión social de compartir con seriedad si no estuvieran dispuestos a " -"mostrarle al mundo que está bien compartir sus contenidos usando una " -"licencia Creative Commons." +"Muchos que son <emphasis>Hechos con Creative Commons</emphasis> tienen una " +"misión social expresa que sustenta todo lo que hacen. En muchos casos, " +"compartir con Creative Commons avanza de forma expresa esta misión social, y " +"usar las licencias puede ser la diferencia entre legitimidad e hipocresía. " +"El cofundador de Noun Project, Edward Boatman, nos contó que ellos no " +"podrían declarar su misión social de compartir con seriedad si no estuvieran " +"dispuestos a mostrarle al mundo que está bien compartir sus contenidos " +"usando una licencia Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702 @@ -3429,12 +3432,12 @@ msgstr "" "Los costos de hacer negocios varían mucho para aquellos hechos con CC, pero, " "por lo general, hay un límite mucho menor para la sostenibilidad que el que " "había para cualquier esfuerzo creativo. La tecnología digital ha hecho más " -"fácil que nunca crear, y más aún distribuir. Como Doctorow lo " -"publicó en su libro <emphasis>Information Doesn't Want to Be Free</emphasis>: <quote>Si dólares " -"análogos se hubieran convertido en centavos digitales (como quienes critican " -"a los medios financiados por anuncios lo tienen), está el hecho de que sería " -"posible manejar un negocio que obtiene la misma cantidad de anuncios que sus " -"antepasados por una fracción del precio</quote>." +"fácil que nunca crear, y más aún distribuir. Como Doctorow lo publicó en su " +"libro <emphasis>Information Doesn't Want to Be Free</emphasis>: <quote>Si " +"dólares análogos se hubieran convertido en centavos digitales (como quienes " +"critican a los medios financiados por anuncios lo tienen), está el hecho de " +"que sería posible manejar un negocio que obtiene la misma cantidad de " +"anuncios que sus antepasados por una fracción del precio</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 @@ -3455,17 +3458,17 @@ msgid "" "some content would be created whether or not the creator is paid because it " "is a labor of love." msgstr "" -"Algunos costos de creación son los mismos de siempre. Toma la " -"misma cantidad de tiempo y dinero escribir un artículo para una revista con " -"revisión de pares que hacer una pintura. La tecnología no puede cambiar eso. " -"Pero otros costos se reducen drásticamente con la tecnología, en particular " -"en dominios con elevada producción como el cine.<placeholder type=\"footnote" -"\" id=\"0\"/> El contenido licenciado con CC y el contenido en el dominio " -"público, así como el trabajo de personas que colaboran de forma voluntaria, " -"también puede reducir los costos de forma drástica, si son usados como recursos " -"para crear algo nuevo. Y, por supuesto, está la realidad de que algún " -"contenido sería creado ya sea que a la persona creadora se le pague o no, " -"porque es un trabajo por amor." +"Algunos costos de creación son los mismos de siempre. Toma la misma cantidad " +"de tiempo y dinero escribir un artículo para una revista con revisión de " +"pares que hacer una pintura. La tecnología no puede cambiar eso. Pero otros " +"costos se reducen drásticamente con la tecnología, en particular en dominios " +"con elevada producción como el cine.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> El contenido licenciado con CC y el contenido en el dominio público, así " +"como el trabajo de personas que colaboran de forma voluntaria, también puede " +"reducir los costos de forma drástica, si son usados como recursos para crear " +"algo nuevo. Y, por supuesto, está la realidad de que algún contenido sería " +"creado ya sea que a la persona creadora se le pague o no, porque es un " +"trabajo por amor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1746 @@ -3474,9 +3477,9 @@ msgid "" "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " "224." msgstr "" -"Chris Anderson, <emphasis>Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " -"Something for Nothing</emphasis>, nueva impresión con un nuevo prefacio (Nueva York: " -"Hyperion, 2010), 224." +"Chris Anderson, <emphasis>Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by " +"Giving Something for Nothing</emphasis>, nueva impresión con un nuevo " +"prefacio (Nueva York: Hyperion, 2010), 224." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743 @@ -3505,7 +3508,8 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." -msgstr "Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 44." +msgstr "" +"Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1758 @@ -3529,15 +3533,15 @@ msgstr "" "creación y distribución por sí mismas. Las personas ahora con frecuencia " "tienen una ruta directa a un público potencial, sin necesariamente necesitar " "intermediarios como disqueras y editores de libros. Doctorow escribió, " -"<quote>Si usted es un creador que nunca ha recibido su reconocimiento por parte de los " -"grandes poderes del imperio, este es su momento. Donde alguna vez no tenía " -"medios para alcanzar una audiencia sin la asistencia de las megacompañías " -"que dominan la industria, ahora tiene cientos de formas para hacerlo sin " -"ellas</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Antes, la " -"distribución de trabajos creativos involucraba costos asociados con mantener " -"una entidad monolítica, ahora las personas creadoras pueden hacer el trabajo " -"ellas mismas. Esto significa que las necesidades financieras de los " -"esfuerzos creativos pueden ser mucho más modestas." +"<quote>Si usted es un creador que nunca ha recibido su reconocimiento por " +"parte de los grandes poderes del imperio, este es su momento. Donde alguna " +"vez no tenía medios para alcanzar una audiencia sin la asistencia de las " +"megacompañías que dominan la industria, ahora tiene cientos de formas para " +"hacerlo sin ellas</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Antes, " +"la distribución de trabajos creativos involucraba costos asociados con " +"mantener una entidad monolítica, ahora las personas creadoras pueden hacer " +"el trabajo ellas mismas. Esto significa que las necesidades financieras de " +"los esfuerzos creativos pueden ser mucho más modestas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1775 @@ -3554,16 +3558,17 @@ msgid "" "going day to day.</quote>" msgstr "" "Ya sea para una persona creadora o para un esfuerzo más grande, usualmente " -"no es suficiente apenas cubrir los gastos si es que se quiere hacer " -"como sustento. Se necesita construir algún soporte para la operación " -"general. Este extra se ve diferente para todas las personas, pero de " -"forma importante, en casi todos los casos para aquellos <emphasis>Hechos con Creative " -"Commons</emphasis>, la definición de <quote>suficiente dinero</quote> se ve muy " -"diferente a como se ve en el mundo del capital de riesgo y las acciones. Está " -"más acerca de la sostenibilidad y menos acerca del crecimiento y ganancias " -"ilimitadas. El fundador de SparkFun, Nathan Seidle, nos contó: <quote>Modelo " -"de negocios es en realidad un nombre exagerado para esto. Más bien, es " -"solo acerca de mantener la operación funcionando día a día.</quote>" +"no es suficiente apenas cubrir los gastos si es que se quiere hacer como " +"sustento. Se necesita construir algún soporte para la operación general. " +"Este extra se ve diferente para todas las personas, pero de forma " +"importante, en casi todos los casos para aquellos <emphasis>Hechos con " +"Creative Commons</emphasis>, la definición de <quote>suficiente dinero</" +"quote> se ve muy diferente a como se ve en el mundo del capital de riesgo y " +"las acciones. Está más acerca de la sostenibilidad y menos acerca del " +"crecimiento y ganancias ilimitadas. El fundador de SparkFun, Nathan Seidle, " +"nos contó: <quote>Modelo de negocios es en realidad un nombre exagerado para " +"esto. Más bien, es solo acerca de mantener la operación funcionando día a " +"día.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1788 @@ -3603,8 +3608,9 @@ msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" -"Amanda Palmer, <emphasis>The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " -"People Help</emphasis> (Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." +"Amanda Palmer, <emphasis>The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop " +"Worrying and Let People Help</emphasis> (Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014), " +"121." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1823 @@ -3612,8 +3618,8 @@ msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" -"Chris Anderson, <emphasis>Makers: The New Industrial Revolution</emphasis> (Nueva York: Signal, " -"2012), 64." +"Chris Anderson, <emphasis>Makers: The New Industrial Revolution</emphasis> " +"(Nueva York: Signal, 2012), 64." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803 @@ -3642,11 +3648,11 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier cosa funcione.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No " "hay ninguna magia para encontrar a su gente, y ciertamente no hay ninguna " "fórmula. El trabajo tiene que conectar con las personas y ofrecerles algún " -"valor artístico o utilitario. De cierta forma, esto nunca antes ha sido " -"tan fácil. En línea no estamos limitados por el espacio en los estantes, así " -"que hay un sitio para cualquier oscuro interés, gusto y necesidad " -"imaginables. Esto es lo que Chris Anderson llamo la Larga Cola, donde el " -"consumo se vuelve menos acerca de éxitos masivos populares, y más acerca de " +"valor artístico o utilitario. De cierta forma, esto nunca antes ha sido tan " +"fácil. En línea no estamos limitados por el espacio en los estantes, así que " +"hay un sitio para cualquier oscuro interés, gusto y necesidad imaginables. " +"Esto es lo que Chris Anderson llamo la Larga Cola, donde el consumo se " +"vuelve menos acerca de éxitos masivos populares, y más acerca de " "micromercados para cada nicho particular. Como escrribió Anderson: " "<quote>Todos somos diferentes, tenemos gustos y necesidades diversos, y la " "Internet ahora tiene un lugar para todos estos en una forma que el mercado " @@ -3655,12 +3661,16 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " +#| "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgid "" -"David Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " -"the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." -msgstr "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." +msgstr "" +"David Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the " +"Life of the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 @@ -3673,8 +3683,8 @@ msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" -"Bryan Kramer, <emphasis>Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy</emphasis> (Nueva " -"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." +"Bryan Kramer, <emphasis>Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human " +"Economy</emphasis> (Nueva York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1829 @@ -3696,17 +3706,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Aunque encontrar a <quote>su gente</quote> en línea es, en teoría, más " "sencillo que en el mundo analógico, como un asunto práctico puede aún ser " -"difícil. La internet es una manguera de contenidos, una " -"que crece cada minuto. Como una persona creadora de contenidos, no solo se " -"compite por atención contra más creadoras de contenidos que nunca antes, " -"también se compite contra la creatividad generada fuera del mercado." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson escribió: <quote>El " -"cambio más grande en la década pasada ha sido el cambio en el tiempo que las " -"personas pasan consumiendo contenidos aficionados en lugar de contenidos " -"profesionales.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Para colmo, " -"se debe competir incluso con su vida cotidiana —<quote>amistades, " -"familia, listas de reproducción de música, juegos de fútbol y noches de " -"esparcimiento.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Asi que, algún modo, de " +"difícil. La internet es una manguera de contenidos, una que crece cada " +"minuto. Como una persona creadora de contenidos, no solo se compite por " +"atención contra más creadoras de contenidos que nunca antes, también se " +"compite contra la creatividad generada fuera del mercado.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson escribió: <quote>El cambio más grande en la " +"década pasada ha sido el cambio en el tiempo que las personas pasan " +"consumiendo contenidos aficionados en lugar de contenidos profesionales.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Para colmo, se debe competir " +"incluso con su vida cotidiana —<quote>amistades, familia, listas de " +"reproducción de música, juegos de fútbol y noches de esparcimiento.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Asi que, algún modo, de " "alguna forma, tiene que llamar la atención de las personas correctas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> @@ -3730,10 +3740,10 @@ msgid "" "discovered and find <quote>your people,</quote> prohibiting people from " "copying your work and sharing it with others is counterproductive." msgstr "" -"Al entrar a la Internet tengan una mentalidad para detectar todos los derechos " -"reservados desde el inicio, con frecuencia está restringiendo el acceso a su " -"trabajo incluso antes de que haya una demanda por él. En muchos casos, " -"requerir pago por su trabajo es parte de la tradición del sistema " +"Al entrar a la Internet tengan una mentalidad para detectar todos los " +"derechos reservados desde el inicio, con frecuencia está restringiendo el " +"acceso a su trabajo incluso antes de que haya una demanda por él. En muchos " +"casos, requerir pago por su trabajo es parte de la tradición del sistema " "tradicional de derechos de autor. Incluso un costo diminuto tiene un gran " "efecto en la demanda. A esto se le llama la brecha del penique —la gran " "diferencia en la demanda entre algo que está disponible por un precio de un " @@ -3748,7 +3758,8 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1877 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." -msgstr "Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 38." +msgstr "" +"Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 38." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1873 @@ -3759,9 +3770,9 @@ msgid "" "quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Por supuesto, no es que ser descubierto por personas a las que les gusta su " -"trabajo le hará rico —está lejos de eso. Pero como Cory Doctorow dice: <quote>El " -"reconocimiento es una de las muchas precondiciones necesarias para el éxito " -"artístico.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"trabajo le hará rico —está lejos de eso. Pero como Cory Doctorow dice: " +"<quote>El reconocimiento es una de las muchas precondiciones necesarias para " +"el éxito artístico.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 @@ -3778,10 +3789,10 @@ msgstr "" "Decidir no gastar tiempo y energía en restringir el acceso a su trabajo y " "vigilar violaciones también construye buena voluntad. Lumen Learning, una " "compañía con fines de lucro que publica materiales educativos en línea, tomó " -"la decisión desde un principio de no evitar que los estudiantes accesaran a su contenido, " -"incluso en la forma de una diminuta página de pagos, porque esto impactaría " -"negativamente en el éxito de los estudiantes en una forma que socavaría la " -"misión que persiguen. Ellos creen que esta decisión ha " +"la decisión desde un principio de no evitar que los estudiantes accesaran a " +"su contenido, incluso en la forma de una diminuta página de pagos, porque " +"esto impactaría negativamente en el éxito de los estudiantes en una forma " +"que socavaría la misión que persiguen. Ellos creen que esta decisión ha " "generado una inmensa cantidad de buena voluntad dentro de la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> @@ -3803,8 +3814,8 @@ msgstr "" "social, también puede alienar a las personas que más valoran su trabajo " "creativo. Si a las personas les gusta el trabajo, su instinto natural será " "compartirlo con otras. Pero como David Bollier escribió: <quote>Nuestros " -"impulsos de naturaleza humana a imitar y compartir —la esencia de la cultura— " -"han sido criminalizados.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"impulsos de naturaleza humana a imitar y compartir —la esencia de la cultura" +"— han sido criminalizados.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903 @@ -3842,18 +3853,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Si da por sentado cierta cantidad de copias e intercambio de su trabajo, " "puede invertir su tiempo y recursos en otra cosa, en lugar de gastarlos " -"jugando al gato y al ratón con personas que quieren copiar y compartir " -"su trabajo. Lizzy Jongma, del Rijksmuseum dijo: <quote>Nosotros podemos " -"gastar mucho dinero tratando de proteger trabajos, pero las personas van a " -"hacerlo de todas formas. Y van a usar versiones de mala calidad.</quote> En " -"lugar de eso, ellos empezaron a publicar en el dominio público copias " -"digitales de alta resolución de su colección, sin " -"ningún costo en su sitio web. Para ellos, fue una forma de control " -"de calidad sobre las copias que estaban siendo compartidas en línea " -"inevitablemente. Hacer esto significó renunciar a las ganancias que antes " -"obtenían al vender imágenes digitales. Pero Lizzy dice que fue un pequeño " -"precio que pagar por todas las oportunidades que el compartir desbloqueó " -"para ellos." +"jugando al gato y al ratón con personas que quieren copiar y compartir su " +"trabajo. Lizzy Jongma, del Rijksmuseum dijo: <quote>Nosotros podemos gastar " +"mucho dinero tratando de proteger trabajos, pero las personas van a hacerlo " +"de todas formas. Y van a usar versiones de mala calidad.</quote> En lugar de " +"eso, ellos empezaron a publicar en el dominio público copias digitales de " +"alta resolución de su colección, sin ningún costo en su sitio web. Para " +"ellos, fue una forma de control de calidad sobre las copias que estaban " +"siendo compartidas en línea inevitablemente. Hacer esto significó renunciar " +"a las ganancias que antes obtenían al vender imágenes digitales. Pero Lizzy " +"dice que fue un pequeño precio que pagar por todas las oportunidades que el " +"compartir desbloqueó para ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 @@ -3875,15 +3885,16 @@ msgstr "" "pensar sobre formas de hacer su contenido artificialmente escaso, y en lugar " "de eso aprovecharlo como el recurso potencialmente abundante que es." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Cuando se ve la gran cantidad de " -"información como una funcionalidad y no como un fallo, se empieza a pensar sobre " -"formas de usar la capacidad ociosa de su contenido para su ventaja. Como mi " -"amigo y colega Eric Steuer dijo una vez: <quote>Usar licencias CC demuestra " -"que usted entiende la Internet.</quote>" +"información como una funcionalidad y no como un fallo, se empieza a pensar " +"sobre formas de usar la capacidad ociosa de su contenido para su ventaja. " +"Como mi amigo y colega Eric Steuer dijo una vez: <quote>Usar licencias CC " +"demuestra que usted entiende la Internet.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." -msgstr "Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 144." +msgstr "" +"Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 144." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1940 @@ -3902,11 +3913,11 @@ msgstr "" "de su trabajo, y esto abre la posibilidad de que él pueda obtener algo a " "cambio.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> De forma similar, quienes " "hacen las placas Arduino supieron que era imposible impedir que las personas " -"copiaran su hardware, así que decidieron no intentarlo y en " -"lugar de eso buscar los beneficios de ser abiertos. Para ellos, el resultado " -"es una de las piezas de hardware más ubicuas del mundo, con una floreciente " -"comunidad en línea de personas pensadoras e innovadoras que han hecho cosas " -"con su trabajo que nunca hubieran podido hacer de otra manera." +"copiaran su hardware, así que decidieron no intentarlo y en lugar de eso " +"buscar los beneficios de ser abiertos. Para ellos, el resultado es una de " +"las piezas de hardware más ubicuas del mundo, con una floreciente comunidad " +"en línea de personas pensadoras e innovadoras que han hecho cosas con su " +"trabajo que nunca hubieran podido hacer de otra manera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1953 @@ -4037,9 +4048,9 @@ msgid "" "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " "rarely they are invoked.</quote>" msgstr "" -"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " -"Surowiecki dice, <quote>La medida del éxito de leyes y contratos es qué tan " -"poco frecuentemente son invocados.</quote>" +"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005), " +"124. Surowiecki dice, <quote>La medida del éxito de leyes y contratos es qué " +"tan poco frecuentemente son invocados.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2014 @@ -4260,7 +4271,8 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2138 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." -msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis>, 23." +msgstr "" +"Osterwalder y Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis>, 23." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2131 @@ -6650,7 +6662,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de febrero, " @@ -6667,19 +6679,19 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4643 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5483 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5998 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6252 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6926 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7754 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8224 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9000 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey" @@ -7176,13 +7188,13 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4406 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5785 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" @@ -8016,24 +8028,15 @@ msgstr "" #| "massive cult following." msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " -"download, the" +"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " +"cult following." msgstr "" "En conjunto, estos factores —el tono grosero del juego y la compañía, la " "descarga gratuita, la apertura a que la gente remezcle el juego— le han dado " "una base de seguidores masiva." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4026 -msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4029 -msgid "the game a massive cult following." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -8059,7 +8062,7 @@ msgstr "" "de 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -8071,7 +8074,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -8085,7 +8088,7 @@ msgstr "" "preguntas</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -8114,7 +8117,7 @@ msgstr "" "decidieron iniciar su Venta de Todo Cuesta $5 Más." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -8126,7 +8129,7 @@ msgstr "" "perfectamente el chiste.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -8140,7 +8143,7 @@ msgstr "" "haya transparencia en lo que hacemos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -8157,7 +8160,7 @@ msgstr "" "chiste más gracioso haciéndolo exitoso. Obtuvieron $70,000 en un sólo día." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -8182,7 +8185,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC, lo pagaría cien veces, porque los beneficios son muchísimos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -8198,7 +8201,7 @@ msgstr "" "del juego creadas por los seguidores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -8212,7 +8215,7 @@ msgstr "" "gastado un décimo en la comercialización</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -8237,7 +8240,7 @@ msgstr "" "habido un puñado de casos en los que involucraron a un abogado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -8259,7 +8262,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -8281,7 +8284,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicado, una vez que la gente crea sus propias adaptaciones del juego." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -8296,7 +8299,7 @@ msgstr "" "poder hacer más chistes y juegos</quote>, dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -8313,7 +8316,7 @@ msgstr "" "algo de la emoción del juego hacia ellas</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -8329,7 +8332,7 @@ msgstr "" "obtener más dinero de los clientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -8342,12 +8345,12 @@ msgstr "" "sus valores, hacia quién es usted, y por qué está haciendo las cosas</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "The Conversation (La conversación)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -8358,12 +8361,12 @@ msgstr "" "través de Internet. Fundado en el 2011 en Australia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -8374,14 +8377,14 @@ msgstr "" "tener a sus profesores como escritores), donaciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -8399,7 +8402,7 @@ msgstr "" "realizó un compromiso de regresar con un modelo alternativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -8415,7 +8418,7 @@ msgstr "" "sexy." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -8454,7 +8457,7 @@ msgstr "" "público pero no tan bueno al exhibir su experiencia ante amplias audiencias." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -8480,7 +8483,7 @@ msgstr "" "escribiendo lo que ellos quieran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -8504,7 +8507,7 @@ msgstr "" "licenciado con Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -8524,12 +8527,12 @@ msgstr "" "fidedigna de información basada en evidencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -8559,7 +8562,7 @@ msgstr "" "contenido y poder compartirlo o republicarlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -8583,7 +8586,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace The Conversation." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -8599,7 +8602,7 @@ msgstr "" "través de ser un proveedor acreditado para el feed de Noticias de Google." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -8617,7 +8620,7 @@ msgstr "" "no recibe ningún anuncio y es una empresa sin ánimo de lucro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -8637,7 +8640,7 @@ msgstr "" "del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -8655,7 +8658,7 @@ msgstr "" "y las características distintivas del servicio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -8671,7 +8674,7 @@ msgstr "" "consejo editorial asesor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -8691,7 +8694,7 @@ msgstr "" "dónde se está republicando el artículo y el número de lecturas por artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -8708,7 +8711,7 @@ msgstr "" "consulta de una empresa sobre un tema." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -8719,7 +8722,7 @@ msgstr "" "y moestrar por qué son de valor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -8735,12 +8738,12 @@ msgstr "" "operar al mismo tiempo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "Cory Doctorow" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." @@ -8749,7 +8752,7 @@ msgstr "" "periodista. Vive en los Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" @@ -8758,7 +8761,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" @@ -8768,14 +8771,14 @@ msgstr "" "traducción de los libros" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 12 de enero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -8793,7 +8796,7 @@ msgstr "" "importante que sé cómo hacer</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -8804,7 +8807,7 @@ msgstr "" "camino para que ellos lo compartieran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -8824,7 +8827,7 @@ msgstr "" "que los creadores pueden ganarse la vida en la era de Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -8835,7 +8838,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelos de pague-lo-que-quiera para su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -8867,7 +8870,7 @@ msgstr "" "la cualidad que hace que lo que hago le guste a la gente</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -8894,7 +8897,7 @@ msgstr "" "escribiendo para mantenerme cuerdo</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -8914,7 +8917,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencias CC simboliza su visión del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -8933,7 +8936,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo. <quote>Empecé por no llamarlos ladrones</quote>, dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -8959,7 +8962,7 @@ msgstr "" "un formato destinado a difundirlo</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -8975,7 +8978,7 @@ msgstr "" "establecido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -8991,7 +8994,7 @@ msgstr "" "no lo hace</quote>, dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -9021,7 +9024,7 @@ msgstr "" "de modo que tengo que tomar toda la ayuda que pueda obtener</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -9049,7 +9052,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles de manera gratuita." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -9077,7 +9080,7 @@ msgstr "" "no me cuestan nada y me presentan la posibilidad de obtener algo</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -9099,7 +9102,7 @@ msgstr "" "beneficio</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -9121,7 +9124,7 @@ msgstr "" "grandes plataformas que tratarán de tomar control sobre su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -9143,7 +9146,7 @@ msgstr "" "experimento de pague-lo-que-quiera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -9166,7 +9169,7 @@ msgstr "" "gente que ha sido tocada por tu trabajo</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -9182,17 +9185,17 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "Nunca ha sido más fácil pensar como un diente de león." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "Figshare" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -9204,12 +9207,12 @@ msgstr "" "videos. Fundado en el año 2011 en Gran Bretaña." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" @@ -9218,20 +9221,20 @@ msgstr "" "provee servicios pagos a los creadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 28 de enero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -9253,7 +9256,7 @@ msgstr "" "forma tal que el modelo actual de publicación académica no permite." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -9265,7 +9268,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -9283,7 +9286,7 @@ msgstr "" "sería mejor para su carrera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -9296,7 +9299,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquiera. Así que empezó a trabajar en una solución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -9308,7 +9311,7 @@ msgstr "" "un período largo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -9326,7 +9329,7 @@ msgstr "" "de DOIs para datos de investigación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -9341,7 +9344,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY (Atribución) para figuras, videos y conjuntos de datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -9355,7 +9358,7 @@ msgstr "" "ellos también lo utilizaran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -9372,7 +9375,7 @@ msgstr "" "utilizadas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -9386,7 +9389,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo de negocios del tipo freemium." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -9410,7 +9413,7 @@ msgstr "" "aseguramos de que persista</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -9430,7 +9433,7 @@ msgstr "" "proveyera esa funcionalidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " @@ -9469,7 +9472,7 @@ msgstr "" "para los datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 msgid "" "research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " "Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " @@ -9477,7 +9480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4757 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -9497,7 +9500,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocios, agregando servicios para instituciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4767 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -9517,7 +9520,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecarias y administradoras, tanto como investigadoras." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4777 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -9542,7 +9545,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Atribución-SinDerivados)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -9562,7 +9565,7 @@ msgstr "" "el ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4800 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -9579,7 +9582,7 @@ msgstr "" "instituciones la harán su licencia de elección." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" @@ -9588,7 +9591,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" @@ -9597,7 +9600,7 @@ msgstr "" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4808 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -9622,7 +9625,7 @@ msgstr "" "id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -9644,12 +9647,12 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4830 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -9674,7 +9677,7 @@ msgstr "" "principales instituciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4841 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -9690,7 +9693,7 @@ msgstr "" "y fuentes de noticias." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -9717,12 +9720,12 @@ msgstr "" "permitiendo que las personas colaboren y hagan nuevos descubrimientos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "Figure.NZ" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4867 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -9733,12 +9736,12 @@ msgstr "" "reusables y fáciles de entender. Fundada en 2012 en Nueva Zelanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" @@ -9747,20 +9750,20 @@ msgstr "" "proporciona servicios con costo a los creadores, donaciones, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 3 de mayo, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistada</emphasis> : Lillian Grace, fundadora" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" @@ -9769,7 +9772,7 @@ msgstr "" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -9808,7 +9811,7 @@ msgstr "" "específico en Nueva Zelanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4906 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -9831,7 +9834,7 @@ msgstr "" "pagar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4917 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -9858,7 +9861,7 @@ msgstr "" "aquellos que quisieran abrir su información y presentarla visualmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4931 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -9891,7 +9894,7 @@ msgstr "" "tanto den créditos a la fuente original y a Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4957 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" @@ -9900,7 +9903,7 @@ msgstr "" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4948 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -9932,7 +9935,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy bien con la decisión de Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4964 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -9959,7 +9962,7 @@ msgstr "" "Figure.NZ. Las personas los ven como un luchador y fuente confiable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4977 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -9995,7 +9998,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier organización se diferencien, se comercialicen y se creen una marca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -10008,7 +10011,7 @@ msgstr "" "obtener valor de la información y los visuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5002 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -10039,7 +10042,7 @@ msgstr "" "los usuarios, para verdaderamente democratizar la información." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5018 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -10065,12 +10068,12 @@ msgstr "" "con hacer trabajo que nunca se había hecho antes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5032 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -10086,12 +10089,12 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -10105,7 +10108,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluidos o excluidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -10119,7 +10122,7 @@ msgstr "" "de impuestos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -10143,7 +10146,7 @@ msgstr "" "construyendo relaciones externas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5064 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -10163,7 +10166,7 @@ msgstr "" "experiencias intuitivas, no manuales de usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5074 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -10190,7 +10193,7 @@ msgstr "" "accede, e interpreta los datos de los tópicos en los que están interesados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5088 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well " @@ -10217,7 +10220,7 @@ msgstr "" "en nombre de otros, ya fuera en nombre de un país o de empresas</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " @@ -10234,7 +10237,7 @@ msgstr "" "decisiones bien informadas</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions " @@ -10251,7 +10254,7 @@ msgstr "" "entendiemiento aún</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5110 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. " @@ -10285,7 +10288,7 @@ msgstr "" "con entrenamiento especializado puede analizar y pensar con números</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5121 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " @@ -10305,7 +10308,7 @@ msgstr "" "gráficos, mapas y datos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5128 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -10325,7 +10328,7 @@ msgstr "" "el futuro.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5137 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " @@ -10346,7 +10349,7 @@ msgstr "" "para hacer que el efecto red sea posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " @@ -10367,12 +10370,12 @@ msgstr "" "para hacer que el efecto red sea posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -10383,12 +10386,12 @@ msgstr "" "acceso abierto. Fundada en 2012 en el Reino Unido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" @@ -10397,21 +10400,21 @@ msgstr "" "comunitario (especializado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5172 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -10443,7 +10446,7 @@ msgstr "" "innovación en educación en 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -10457,7 +10460,7 @@ msgstr "" "libremente entre los usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -10470,7 +10473,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos. La ventas subieron, no bajaron." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -10502,7 +10505,7 @@ msgstr "" "para el formato impreso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -10520,7 +10523,7 @@ msgstr "" "la cobertura del helado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -10538,7 +10541,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -10555,7 +10558,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5244 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -10576,7 +10579,7 @@ msgstr "" "RU para las empresas sociales sin ánimo de lucro) en 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -10585,7 +10588,7 @@ msgstr "" "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Acedemic Publishing:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -10594,7 +10597,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación sólo a través de Knowledge Unlatched." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -10603,7 +10606,7 @@ msgstr "" "colecciones (como lo hacen con los proveedores de bibliotecas ahora)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -10612,7 +10615,7 @@ msgstr "" "que serán comprados y los precios establecidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5280 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -10625,7 +10628,7 @@ msgstr "" "mínimo de bibliotecas para cubrir la Cuota por Título." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5289 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -10637,12 +10640,12 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5299 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -10656,7 +10659,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -10675,7 +10678,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo hasta cuarenta y tres dolares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5315 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" @@ -10684,7 +10687,7 @@ msgstr "" "availability-1/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -10708,7 +10711,7 @@ msgstr "" "de las copias físicas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5325 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -10730,7 +10733,7 @@ msgstr "" "la orden y el precio por libro baja para cada biblioteca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5337 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -10759,7 +10762,7 @@ msgstr "" "finalmente, desbloquearlos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -10771,7 +10774,7 @@ msgstr "" "ciclos de presupuestos, y las juntas del directorio de las bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5358 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -10790,7 +10793,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecarios, que ha involucrado a más bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5368 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -10801,7 +10804,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzará a hacer revistas especializadas de acceso libre también." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -10813,7 +10816,7 @@ msgstr "" "estandar cerrado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -10833,14 +10836,14 @@ msgstr "" "tomó únicamente un mes reunir veintiséis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5389 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -10861,7 +10864,7 @@ msgstr "" "tomar parte de ello.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5399 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -10882,7 +10885,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacen, lo compran de manera separada de la versión digital." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -10898,7 +10901,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas participantes, sino al mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -10923,7 +10926,7 @@ msgstr "" "han sido descargados cerca de ochenta mil veces en 175 países." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -10932,7 +10935,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched para monografías es un ganar-ganar-ganar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5435 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -10955,7 +10958,7 @@ msgstr "" "y libros antiguos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5446 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -10976,12 +10979,12 @@ msgstr "" "al pasado pero moviendose al futuro, una evolución en vez de una revolución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "Lumen Learning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -10991,12 +10994,12 @@ msgstr "" "los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" @@ -11005,14 +11008,14 @@ msgstr "" "servicios personalizados, subsidios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 21 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" @@ -11021,12 +11024,12 @@ msgstr "" "Thanos, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -11072,7 +11075,7 @@ msgstr "" "Learning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5505 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -11092,7 +11095,7 @@ msgstr "" "usualmente no hay mucha flexibilidad para hacerlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -11110,7 +11113,7 @@ msgstr "" "sustentabilidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -11126,7 +11129,7 @@ msgstr "" "reorientación por otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5532 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -11153,13 +11156,13 @@ msgstr "" "—" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" "remplazar libros de texto costosos en cursos de gran matrícula con OER;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5554 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -11169,7 +11172,7 @@ msgstr "" "sistema de gestión de aprendizaje de la institución;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -11178,7 +11181,7 @@ msgstr "" "de aprobación, persistencia, y finalización de curso; y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -11187,7 +11190,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación del éxito de los estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -11202,7 +11205,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguiendo los terminos de las licencias Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -11217,7 +11220,7 @@ msgstr "" "dolares por estudiante suscrito para la institución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -11232,7 +11235,7 @@ msgstr "" "matriculado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5596 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -11250,7 +11253,7 @@ msgstr "" "costosos con OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -11282,7 +11285,7 @@ msgstr "" "abierto, ha generado un inmenso bienestar en la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -11304,7 +11307,7 @@ msgstr "" "aprendizaje, que las facultades revisan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5633 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -11327,7 +11330,7 @@ msgstr "" "da una licencia Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -11343,7 +11346,7 @@ msgstr "" "mezclan diferentes OER juntos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5652 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -11364,7 +11367,7 @@ msgstr "" "se muestren al final de cada página." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -11381,7 +11384,7 @@ msgstr "" "equipo de ventas de Lumen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5671 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -11405,7 +11408,7 @@ msgstr "" "a los que tendrían impacto en el mayor número de estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5684 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -11424,7 +11427,7 @@ msgstr "" "que logren las metas de la institución, mientras Lumen se conserva prospera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -11443,7 +11446,7 @@ msgstr "" "la comunidad abierta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5704 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -11460,7 +11463,7 @@ msgstr "" "sea justa o que den de regreso algo que sea generoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5713 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -11481,7 +11484,7 @@ msgstr "" "evolución y la mejora de los OER que estén usando." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5724 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -11498,7 +11501,7 @@ msgstr "" "sostenible y se esfuerza por un balance correcto de todos estos factores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -11511,7 +11514,7 @@ msgstr "" "que sea entendible y repetible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5739 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -11533,7 +11536,7 @@ msgstr "" "el futuro, su estrategia es reemplazar el financiamiento con ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -11552,12 +11555,12 @@ msgstr "" "que sostienes, y no alejarse de eso. Ciertamente es acerca de la confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "Jonathan Mann" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." @@ -11567,7 +11570,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" @@ -11576,7 +11579,7 @@ msgstr "" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5771 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -11588,14 +11591,14 @@ msgstr "" "musicales)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 22 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5784 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -11619,7 +11622,7 @@ msgstr "" "sesiones de la conferencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5796 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -11640,7 +11643,7 @@ msgstr "" "se volvió viral, y la experiencia lo llevó a la revista Time magazine." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -11654,7 +11657,7 @@ msgstr "" "conocido como <quote>el tipo de una-canción-al-dia</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5814 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -11673,7 +11676,7 @@ msgstr "" "más de mirar videos en línea que simplemente escuchar archivos de audio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5824 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -11704,7 +11707,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción por él." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5840 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -11724,7 +11727,7 @@ msgstr "" "mayoría de su dinero de esta manera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5849 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -11742,7 +11745,7 @@ msgstr "" "producción de este libro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5858 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -11759,7 +11762,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo pudiera ser compartido</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -11780,7 +11783,7 @@ msgstr "" "mio ha socavado eso</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -11795,7 +11798,7 @@ msgstr "" "no hago nada de eso</quote>, comentó Jonathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5884 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -11815,7 +11818,7 @@ msgstr "" "fuente de ingresos de componer canciones personalizadas a sus clientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5894 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -11839,7 +11842,7 @@ msgstr "" "entendible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5906 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send " @@ -11880,7 +11883,7 @@ msgstr "" "satisfactorio. Me gusta perderme en el proceso</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 msgid "" "or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find " "that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that " @@ -11888,7 +11891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5929 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -11902,7 +11905,7 @@ msgstr "" "mismo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5931 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -11925,7 +11928,7 @@ msgstr "" "el es mejor al usar su propio estilo único en vez de imitar a otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5943 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -11943,7 +11946,7 @@ msgstr "" "encarnación viviente de estos principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5952 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -11958,7 +11961,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción de mañana puede que sea mejor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5959 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -11974,7 +11977,7 @@ msgstr "" "que nunca se siente verdaderamente exitoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -11985,12 +11988,12 @@ msgstr "" "satisfecha porque entonces mucho de lo que los impulsa se iría</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "Noun Project" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -12001,12 +12004,12 @@ msgstr "" "2010 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" @@ -12015,21 +12018,21 @@ msgstr "" "transacción, cargos por servicios personalizados" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 6 de octubre, " "2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -12040,7 +12043,7 @@ msgstr "" "las fronteras, lenguajes, y culturas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -12057,7 +12060,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el planeta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -12073,7 +12076,7 @@ msgstr "" "similarers." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -12089,7 +12092,7 @@ msgstr "" "voluntarios alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" @@ -12098,7 +12101,7 @@ msgstr "" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6026 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -12118,7 +12121,7 @@ msgstr "" "algo más grande." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -12134,7 +12137,7 @@ msgstr "" "mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6043 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -12152,7 +12155,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6052 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -12165,7 +12168,7 @@ msgstr "" "construir un modelo de negocios alrededor del contenido libre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6059 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -12191,7 +12194,7 @@ msgstr "" "créditos, pueden usar la CC0 para poner el trabajo en el dominio público." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6073 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -12213,7 +12216,7 @@ msgstr "" "foco</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -12228,7 +12231,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy exitante para muchos diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6091 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -12256,7 +12259,7 @@ msgstr "" "creadores, y bueno para la plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -12282,7 +12285,7 @@ msgstr "" "pero la implementación completa requerirá que se compre las versión API Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -12293,7 +12296,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñador y 30 porciento para Noun Project." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -12315,15 +12318,15 @@ msgstr "" "más servicios al usuario." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -12336,7 +12339,7 @@ msgstr "" "es la principal prioridad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -12350,7 +12353,7 @@ msgstr "" "cuentas; y el más exitoso de todos, suficiente para pagar la renta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6147 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -12376,7 +12379,7 @@ msgstr "" "suscriben al Noun ProjectPro, pueden acceder al mismo desde Lingo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6161 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -12391,7 +12394,7 @@ msgstr "" "visuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -12404,7 +12407,7 @@ msgstr "" "imágenes predefinidas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6174 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -12422,7 +12425,7 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyentes, es importante tener una misión más allá de hacer dinero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6183 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -12435,7 +12438,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro con una comunidad de usuarios y fans." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -12454,7 +12457,7 @@ msgstr "" "otras iniciativas y continuar alimentándola</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -12467,7 +12470,7 @@ msgstr "" "pueden buscar los íconos por el nombre del creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6207 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -12487,7 +12490,7 @@ msgstr "" "puedan ser usados por cualquiera gratuitamente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -12507,12 +12510,12 @@ msgstr "" "esa meta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "Open Data Institute" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -12523,12 +12526,12 @@ msgstr "" "datos. Fundada en 2012 en RU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" @@ -12538,14 +12541,14 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados, donaciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de " "noviembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" @@ -12554,7 +12557,7 @@ msgstr "" "técnico" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -12574,7 +12577,7 @@ msgstr "" "a inovar con los datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6261 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -12599,7 +12602,7 @@ msgstr "" "permitirles entender mejor qué es lo que esta pasando alrededor de ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -12615,7 +12618,7 @@ msgstr "" "quiere —" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -12624,19 +12627,19 @@ msgstr "" "políticas de datos abiertos afectan esto;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "desarrollar el caso del beneficio económico y el modelos de negocios para " "los datos abiertos;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "ayudar a los negocios del RU a usar los datos abiertos; y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" @@ -12645,7 +12648,7 @@ msgstr "" "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -12654,7 +12657,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -12673,7 +12676,7 @@ msgstr "" "los datos abiertos para los ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -12689,7 +12692,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión de $4.75 millones de la Omidyar Network." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -12705,7 +12708,7 @@ msgstr "" "un staff de sesenta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -12721,7 +12724,7 @@ msgstr "" "complementarios en respuesta a las necesidades del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -12730,12 +12733,12 @@ msgstr "" "capacitación, y servicios de asesoría." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6353 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -12762,7 +12765,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6356 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -12788,7 +12791,7 @@ msgstr "" "que puedan asistir como una forma de desarrollo profesional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6370 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -12806,7 +12809,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiende a generar gran interés y compromiso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -12822,7 +12825,7 @@ msgstr "" "temáticas principales y más de 750 asistentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6387 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -12840,14 +12843,14 @@ msgstr "" "organizaciones comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" "Del lado comercial, las siguiente proposiciones de valor parecen resonar:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -12859,7 +12862,7 @@ msgstr "" "datos también. Los datos abiertos son un tópico candente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6410 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -12874,7 +12877,7 @@ msgstr "" "autonomía organizativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6419 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -12888,7 +12891,7 @@ msgstr "" "y oportunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6428 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -12906,7 +12909,7 @@ msgstr "" "crear <quote>nodos</quote> internacionales del ODI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -12928,7 +12931,7 @@ msgstr "" "pequeña cuota por ser parte de la red y usar la marca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6451 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" @@ -12937,7 +12940,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -12949,7 +12952,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficinas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6455 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -12967,12 +12970,12 @@ msgstr "" "construirla, no únicamente en línea sino a través de eventos cara-a-cara." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -12990,7 +12993,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -13004,7 +13007,7 @@ msgstr "" "escala." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6478 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -13017,7 +13020,7 @@ msgstr "" "vez de crear <quote>licencias abiertas</quote> de su autoría." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6485 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -13052,7 +13055,7 @@ msgstr "" "y hacer dinero</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -13064,7 +13067,7 @@ msgstr "" "Abril de 2016:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -13077,17 +13080,17 @@ msgstr "" "del ODI han generado desde su incorporación al programa ODI: £ 44.5 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Número total de miembros activos y nodos alrededor del mundo: 1,350" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "Ventas totales desde que comenzó el ODI: £7.44 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" @@ -13096,17 +13099,17 @@ msgstr "" "en persona y en línea: 2.2 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "Total de certificados de Open Data creados: 151, 000" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13115,12 +13118,12 @@ msgstr "" "comenzó: 5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6548 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -13132,13 +13135,13 @@ msgstr "" "RU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" @@ -13147,14 +13150,14 @@ msgstr "" "cuota de transacción" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de noviembre, " "2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" @@ -13163,7 +13166,7 @@ msgstr "" "Steiner, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -13177,7 +13180,7 @@ msgstr "" "por un creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6579 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -13209,7 +13212,7 @@ msgstr "" "de lucro y Opendesk en una campañía de lucro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6596 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -13223,7 +13226,7 @@ msgstr "" "lejos del camino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6603 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -13245,7 +13248,7 @@ msgstr "" "reinventar la rueda y decidieron usar las Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6614 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -13260,7 +13263,7 @@ msgstr "" "Salir con un modelo de negocios iba a ser complejo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -13271,7 +13274,7 @@ msgstr "" "decisiones en el modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -13287,12 +13290,12 @@ msgstr "" "quieren ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6634 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -13306,7 +13309,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6641 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -13320,7 +13323,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Attributtion-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -13340,12 +13343,12 @@ msgstr "" "especificaciones en el archivo de diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -13367,7 +13370,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -13378,7 +13381,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el sitio web de Opendesk:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -13387,7 +13390,7 @@ msgstr "" "registrado, ellos pagan:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -13398,7 +13401,7 @@ msgstr "" "extra por ensamblado cargado por el creador)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" @@ -13407,7 +13410,7 @@ msgstr "" "al diseñador cada vez que su diseño es usado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -13418,7 +13421,7 @@ msgstr "" "contruir nuestro mercado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -13432,7 +13435,7 @@ msgstr "" "relevante)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6708 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -13442,7 +13445,7 @@ msgstr "" "entrega externo asociado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -13455,12 +13458,12 @@ msgstr "" "sitio y los diseñadores podrían ofrecer opciones de diseño a la medida)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13469,13 +13472,13 @@ msgstr "" "creador)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" "A continuación, se detallan cómo se crean las cotizaciones de los creadores:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6732 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -13497,7 +13500,7 @@ msgstr "" "manufactura subyacentes y son típicamente prorrateado de la siguiente manera:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6745 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -13507,27 +13510,27 @@ msgstr "" "ensamblado en sitio)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota por diseño: 8 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de plataforma: 12 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de canal: 18 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "impuesto de venta: los aplicables (depende del producto y ubicación)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -13539,7 +13542,7 @@ msgstr "" "valor al diseñador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -13554,7 +13557,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reino Unido. Actualmente Opendesk representa una gran parte de sus negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6786 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -13572,7 +13575,7 @@ msgstr "" "piezas funcionales y reproducibles." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -13589,7 +13592,7 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -13605,12 +13608,12 @@ msgstr "" "usuales producidos en masa de una tienda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -13630,7 +13633,7 @@ msgstr "" "prácticas de negocios que a ellos les gustaría ver que se usaran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6825 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -13646,7 +13649,7 @@ msgstr "" "NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" @@ -13655,22 +13658,22 @@ msgstr "" "considera usos comerciales y no comerciales. Su sitio web declara:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Es inequívocamente uso comercial cuando alguien:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "carga una cuota o tiene una ganancia cuando hace un Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "vende (o tiene un servicio comercial basado en) un OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -13681,7 +13684,7 @@ msgstr "" "monetaria. Por ejemplo, estos califican como no comercial:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6855 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" @@ -13691,7 +13694,7 @@ msgstr "" "mobiliario por sí mismo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6862 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" @@ -13700,7 +13703,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos o capacitación (y no intenta vender las piezas resultantes)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -13715,7 +13718,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles para ti en los diferentes talleres que lo conforman" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6875 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -13738,7 +13741,7 @@ msgstr "" "intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6886 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -13753,7 +13756,7 @@ msgstr "" "involucrados a través de Opendesk en trabajo generador de ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -13765,12 +13768,12 @@ msgstr "" "ganan impulso y entonces tienen esperanza en las personas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "OpenStax" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -13781,12 +13784,12 @@ msgstr "" "demanda y cursos de posicionamiento avanzado. Fundado en 2012 en los EUA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6910 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" @@ -13796,14 +13799,14 @@ msgstr "" "texto)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6914 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 16 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" @@ -13812,7 +13815,7 @@ msgstr "" "Jefe" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -13836,7 +13839,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier momento— sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -13858,7 +13861,7 @@ msgstr "" "OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6948 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -13882,7 +13885,7 @@ msgstr "" "fácil adopción por parte de los estudiantes y profesores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6966 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" @@ -13891,7 +13894,7 @@ msgstr "" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -13912,7 +13915,7 @@ msgstr "" "profesionalente escala rápidamente. Todo sin una fuerza de ventas!" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6970 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -13930,7 +13933,7 @@ msgstr "" "acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -13946,7 +13949,7 @@ msgstr "" "adecúe a sus necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6987 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -13960,12 +13963,12 @@ msgstr "" "clave, y más." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6998 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6994 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -13981,7 +13984,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus libros de texto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -13994,7 +13997,7 @@ msgstr "" "red extensiva de asociados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7007 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -14015,7 +14018,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión filantrópica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -14036,7 +14039,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles a los alumnos por una cuota." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -14055,7 +14058,7 @@ msgstr "" "Introducción a la Sociología 2da Ed, usando estos fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7038 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -14077,7 +14080,7 @@ msgstr "" "fuerza de ventas; sus participantes estan afuera mostrando sus materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -14092,7 +14095,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -14113,7 +14116,7 @@ msgstr "" "corrientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7068 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -14139,7 +14142,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -14157,7 +14160,7 @@ msgstr "" "restitución sobre una escala de tiempo que sea razonable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -14181,7 +14184,7 @@ msgstr "" "cero, un buen ejemplo es su libro de biología." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7102 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -14215,7 +14218,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy laborioso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -14235,7 +14238,7 @@ msgstr "" "por adelantado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -14254,7 +14257,7 @@ msgstr "" "da a los profesore el control y libertad académica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -14275,7 +14278,7 @@ msgstr "" "compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7150 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" @@ -14285,29 +14288,29 @@ msgstr "" "vistazo</quote> de su reciente material para la prensa:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Libros publicados: 23" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: $ 155 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: $77 " "millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7178 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -14320,7 +14323,7 @@ msgstr "" "años y universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera de los E.U.A.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -14334,7 +14337,7 @@ msgstr "" "internacional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -14350,7 +14353,7 @@ msgstr "" "carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7202 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -14373,22 +14376,22 @@ msgstr "" "alcanzarla." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7215 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "Amanda Palmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7222 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -14401,14 +14404,14 @@ msgstr "" "(performances), venta de mercancia" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 15 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -14419,7 +14422,7 @@ msgstr "" "swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -14432,7 +14435,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7243 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -14446,7 +14449,7 @@ msgstr "" "haciendolo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7250 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -14464,7 +14467,7 @@ msgstr "" "comida de tal manera que puedan seguir haciendo arte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7259 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -14493,7 +14496,7 @@ msgstr "" "manera que pudiera seguir haciendo arte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7273 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -14514,7 +14517,7 @@ msgstr "" "nunca fué lo que Amanda y the Dresden Dolls querían hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7284 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -14537,7 +14540,7 @@ msgstr "" "kickstarter más exitosos de todos los tiempos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7296 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -14560,7 +14563,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7308 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -14594,7 +14597,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencias NonCommercial fueron como hechas a la medida." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -14611,7 +14614,7 @@ msgstr "" "música</quote>, dijo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -14630,7 +14633,7 @@ msgstr "" "Asking." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7344 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -14654,7 +14657,7 @@ msgstr "" "inmediato es una habilidad por sí misma,</quote> escribió Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7356 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -14674,7 +14677,7 @@ msgstr "" "después de un espectáculo, ellos pueden sentir legitimamente que la conocen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -14691,7 +14694,7 @@ msgstr "" "que el riesgo de hacerte vulnerable casi siempre vale la pena</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -14710,7 +14713,7 @@ msgstr "" "haces con los amigos—compartes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7384 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -14729,7 +14732,7 @@ msgstr "" "Personas que se sienten involucradas en su éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -14746,7 +14749,7 @@ msgstr "" "de pertenencia a su <quote>pequeña y rara familia</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -14765,7 +14768,7 @@ msgstr "" "energía en una forma que sea placentera para ti</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7411 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -14790,7 +14793,7 @@ msgstr "" "Comineza con el arte y entonces el nexo se fortalece con la conexión humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -14809,7 +14812,7 @@ msgstr "" "es genuinamente valioso para ellos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -14828,12 +14831,12 @@ msgstr "" "a la gente a ayudarla, los deja hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "PLOS (Biblioteca pública de ciencia)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -14844,12 +14847,12 @@ msgstr "" "y otra literatura científica. Fundada en el 2000 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" @@ -14859,19 +14862,19 @@ msgstr "" "en la revista" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 7 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Louise Page, Editor" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7469 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -14900,7 +14903,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7483 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -14923,7 +14926,7 @@ msgstr "" "quieran leer la revista especializada o un artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7494 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -14947,7 +14950,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación y avance del campo. Era tiempo para un nuevo modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -14972,7 +14975,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7518 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -14997,7 +15000,7 @@ msgstr "" "logitud de palabras, figuras, u otros elementos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7530 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -15017,7 +15020,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzó en 2006, son debajo de los $1,500." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -15029,7 +15032,7 @@ msgstr "" "procesamiento por artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7545 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -15063,7 +15066,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo para publicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -15080,7 +15083,7 @@ msgstr "" "cómo debería ser publicado y difundido el contenido de investigación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -15092,7 +15095,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibilidad de datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -15111,7 +15114,7 @@ msgstr "" "opciones en donde publicar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -15125,7 +15128,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluso cuando ellas son relativamente nuevas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7590 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -15143,7 +15146,7 @@ msgstr "" "generan más descubrimientos y citas a los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -15159,7 +15162,7 @@ msgstr "" "de acceso abierto inicial, o que cualquiera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7607 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -15206,7 +15209,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo referente a la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -15218,7 +15221,7 @@ msgstr "" "cambiar la práctica actual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -15232,7 +15235,7 @@ msgstr "" "más tiempo requerirá inevitablemente el tiempo de aprobación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -15256,7 +15259,7 @@ msgstr "" "limitados al autor y la editorial." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7655 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -15270,7 +15273,7 @@ msgstr "" "de la investigación se reinventa alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -15305,7 +15308,7 @@ msgstr "" "los investigadores no tienen mucho tiempo para comentar los preprints." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -15325,17 +15328,17 @@ msgstr "" "transformaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -15364,7 +15367,7 @@ msgstr "" "los lectores para comunicarse con los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -15384,7 +15387,7 @@ msgstr "" "experimentación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -15404,7 +15407,7 @@ msgstr "" "135,000 articulos de calidad para su lectura sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -15415,12 +15418,12 @@ msgstr "" "reproducible para el avance de la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7729 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "Rijksmuseum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@ -15429,12 +15432,12 @@ msgstr "" "historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7738 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -15445,14 +15448,14 @@ msgstr "" "museo), venta de mercancía" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7742 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" @@ -15461,7 +15464,7 @@ msgstr "" "Datos del Departamento de Información sobre Colecciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7753 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -15491,7 +15494,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo para el museo, más abierto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7769 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -15519,7 +15522,7 @@ msgstr "" "un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7783 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -15537,12 +15540,12 @@ msgstr "" "toda la colección en línea?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7794 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7792 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -15568,7 +15571,7 @@ msgstr "" "aún más discusiones sobre si el Rijksmuseum debería seguir el ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7806 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -15593,7 +15596,7 @@ msgstr "" "eran los niños en edad escolar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -15621,7 +15624,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7833 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -15643,7 +15646,7 @@ msgstr "" "objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7844 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -15671,7 +15674,7 @@ msgstr "" "que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -15688,7 +15691,7 @@ msgstr "" "una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7867 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -15714,12 +15717,12 @@ msgstr "" "proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -15737,7 +15740,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7890 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -15760,7 +15763,7 @@ msgstr "" "comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7901 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -15774,7 +15777,7 @@ msgstr "" "escolares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -15796,7 +15799,7 @@ msgstr "" "público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7928 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" @@ -15805,7 +15808,7 @@ msgstr "" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7919 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -15828,7 +15831,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"El cisne amenazado\".<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7932 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -15841,7 +15844,7 @@ msgstr "" "award-2015\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" @@ -15850,7 +15853,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -15882,7 +15885,7 @@ msgstr "" "del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -15894,7 +15897,7 @@ msgstr "" "usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7956 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -15911,7 +15914,7 @@ msgstr "" "mil visitas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7965 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -15937,7 +15940,7 @@ msgstr "" "pintura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7978 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -15974,12 +15977,12 @@ msgstr "" "acompañarte y ayudarte</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "Shareable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" @@ -15987,12 +15990,12 @@ msgstr "" "los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" @@ -16001,14 +16004,14 @@ msgstr "" "financiamiento comunitario ( basado en proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" @@ -16017,7 +16020,7 @@ msgstr "" "y editor ejecutivo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8021 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -16040,7 +16043,7 @@ msgstr "" "mantenerse fiel a sus principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8032 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -16064,7 +16067,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -16082,7 +16085,7 @@ msgstr "" "estan recibiendo ahora.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8054 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -16104,7 +16107,7 @@ msgstr "" "y continuó ganando audiencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8065 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -16127,7 +16130,7 @@ msgstr "" "calentamiento global." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8077 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -16149,7 +16152,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus lectores a realizar cambios en sus propias vidas y comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8089 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -16177,7 +16180,7 @@ msgstr "" "parte del contenido creado por la red es licenciado con Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8104 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -16206,7 +16209,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuestras.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -16226,7 +16229,7 @@ msgstr "" "web." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8129 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -16240,7 +16243,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguientes campañas de recaudación de fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -16260,7 +16263,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad representará mejor su visión del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -16284,7 +16287,7 @@ msgstr "" "corazón</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -16305,7 +16308,7 @@ msgstr "" "participantes fue gente de su base existente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8169 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -16319,7 +16322,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos en construir relaciones entre sus lectores y seguidores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8176 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -16352,7 +16355,7 @@ msgstr "" "implemente su red." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -16366,12 +16369,12 @@ msgstr "" "sus propias comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "Siyavula" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -16381,12 +16384,12 @@ msgstr "" "integra experiencias de aprendizaje. Fundada en 2012 en Sudafrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" @@ -16395,18 +16398,18 @@ msgstr "" "servicios personalizados, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 5 de abril, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -16422,7 +16425,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sudáfrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8231 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -16435,7 +16438,7 @@ msgstr "" "sobrevivir y prosperar. Mark dice que ha sido muy orgánico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -16452,12 +16455,12 @@ msgstr "" "editarlos y ponerlos disponibles libremente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8246 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -16477,7 +16480,7 @@ msgstr "" "los grados 10 al 12." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -16494,7 +16497,7 @@ msgstr "" "este logro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -16508,12 +16511,12 @@ msgstr "" "necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8269 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -16533,7 +16536,7 @@ msgstr "" "del K-12 en inglés. Ese proyecto se volvió Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -16549,7 +16552,7 @@ msgstr "" "mas allá de los seis libros iniciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -16577,12 +16580,12 @@ msgstr "" "esa manera estarían seguros para compartir y libres de repercusiones legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -16601,7 +16604,7 @@ msgstr "" "probo ser demasiado complejo y los libros de texto rara vez fueron editados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8309 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -16615,7 +16618,7 @@ msgstr "" "un fellow de Shuttleworth." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -16633,7 +16636,7 @@ msgstr "" "funcionaron realmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -16650,7 +16653,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos abiertos, vieron esto como una gran oportunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8332 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -16668,7 +16671,7 @@ msgstr "" "dispositivo—computadora, tableta, o teléfono móvil." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -16693,7 +16696,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro de los libros de texto abiertos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -16706,7 +16709,7 @@ msgstr "" "dirigido únicamente a la parte más alta del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8360 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -16724,7 +16727,7 @@ msgstr "" "involuntariamente se volvió los estudiantes de bajos ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -16744,7 +16747,7 @@ msgstr "" "que estaban atendiendo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8378 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -16762,7 +16765,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado, cuál es el precio, y que barreras para acceder hay." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -16775,7 +16778,7 @@ msgstr "" "servicio relacionado y convertir algunas personas en clientes de pago." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8393 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -16792,7 +16795,7 @@ msgstr "" "quienes cobran una y otra vez por el mismo contenido sin agregar valor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8402 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -16815,7 +16818,7 @@ msgstr "" "se suscriben." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8413 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -16833,7 +16836,7 @@ msgstr "" "desempeño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -16849,12 +16852,12 @@ msgstr "" "para los grados 4 al 6 y depués para los grados 7 al 9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8433 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8430 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -16870,7 +16873,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -16890,7 +16893,7 @@ msgstr "" "en lobros distribuidos a más de un millon de estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -16907,7 +16910,7 @@ msgstr "" "(CC BY), permitiendo a otros modificar y redistribuir los libros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8455 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -16928,7 +16931,7 @@ msgstr "" "menor en el país. Pero después de una larga negociación, el gobierno se negó." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -16948,7 +16951,7 @@ msgstr "" "independientes del gobierno." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -16964,7 +16967,7 @@ msgstr "" "potenciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8484 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -16985,7 +16988,7 @@ msgstr "" "siendo el modelo que usa Siyavula actualmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8495 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -16999,7 +17002,7 @@ msgstr "" "conflictiva y está en el limbo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -17015,7 +17018,7 @@ msgstr "" "Intelligent Practice recolecta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -17043,12 +17046,12 @@ msgstr "" "ambos, él y la compañía son más fuertes por eso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "SparkFun" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -17057,12 +17060,12 @@ msgstr "" "hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" @@ -17071,21 +17074,21 @@ msgstr "" "físicas (ventas de componentes electrónicos)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 29 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8554 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -17100,7 +17103,7 @@ msgstr "" "hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -17113,7 +17116,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuestro impacto en el mundo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8561 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -17131,7 +17134,7 @@ msgstr "" "por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -17150,7 +17153,7 @@ msgstr "" "se considera como su propiedad intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -17163,7 +17166,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -17183,7 +17186,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -17202,7 +17205,7 @@ msgstr "" "dijo Nathan. <quote>Esto es con lo que deberían competir</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8605 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -17224,7 +17227,7 @@ msgstr "" "empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8617 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -17242,7 +17245,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus diagramas y firmware para los productos que crean." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8626 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -17259,7 +17262,7 @@ msgstr "" "para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -17275,7 +17278,7 @@ msgstr "" "tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -17288,7 +17291,7 @@ msgstr "" "para el 2020</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8648 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -17309,7 +17312,7 @@ msgstr "" "adaptación disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -17329,7 +17332,7 @@ msgstr "" "competencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -17356,7 +17359,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo con un elemento humano, lo cual lo hace más significativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -17376,7 +17379,7 @@ msgstr "" "resultado financiero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -17391,7 +17394,7 @@ msgstr "" "que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8701 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -17415,7 +17418,7 @@ msgstr "" "para solucionarlos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -17436,7 +17439,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, dijo Nathan. <quote>Eso no es realmente cierto</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -17456,7 +17459,7 @@ msgstr "" "de circuitos a partir de nuestros diseños</quote>, dijo Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8734 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -17482,12 +17485,12 @@ msgstr "" "propusieron ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "TeachAIDS" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -17498,24 +17501,24 @@ msgstr "" "SIDA. Fundada en 2005 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8760 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de marzo, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" @@ -17524,7 +17527,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shuman Ghosemajumder, el presidente" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -17537,7 +17540,7 @@ msgstr "" "los materiales educativos que distribuye TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8777 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -17563,7 +17566,7 @@ msgstr "" "disposición bajo una licencia Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -17603,7 +17606,7 @@ msgstr "" "únicamente pedazos de información." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8810 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -17626,7 +17629,7 @@ msgstr "" "la creación una educación eficaz, culturalmente apropiada</quote>, dijo Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -17638,7 +17641,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons en los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8828 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -17668,7 +17671,7 @@ msgstr "" "protegiéndonos al mismo tiempo</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8844 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -17685,7 +17688,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>La investigación impulsa todo lo que hacemos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8853 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -17702,7 +17705,7 @@ msgstr "" "para cada versión adaptada de los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8862 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -17730,7 +17733,7 @@ msgstr "" "la información de alguien del mismo genero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8877 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -17760,7 +17763,7 @@ msgstr "" "once veces." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8893 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -17797,7 +17800,7 @@ msgstr "" "reproducir y que funcionen</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8913 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -17824,7 +17827,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacerlo completamente gratuito</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8926 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -17846,7 +17849,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativo. Todo el contenido permanece con la marca de TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -17866,7 +17869,7 @@ msgstr "" "países ricos</quote>, comentó Shuman." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8947 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -17893,7 +17896,7 @@ msgstr "" "beneficiar a la marca por muchos años en el futuro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -17911,7 +17914,7 @@ msgstr "" "alrededor del hecho de que han patrocinado estas iniciativas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -17929,12 +17932,12 @@ msgstr "" "comentó Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "Tribe of Noise" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -17945,19 +17948,19 @@ msgstr "" "fundada en 2008 en los Países Bajos (Holanda)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de enero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" @@ -17966,7 +17969,7 @@ msgstr "" "cofundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -17984,7 +17987,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluyendo el uso de software de fuentes abiertas y Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -18004,7 +18007,7 @@ msgstr "" "derechos no era suficientemente fácil de encontrar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -18024,7 +18027,7 @@ msgstr "" "Hessel y Sandra se decidieron a construir una plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9033 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -18040,7 +18043,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocio musicales requiere de una relación de confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -18056,12 +18059,12 @@ msgstr "" "personalmente para encontrar dicha música." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9055 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -18084,7 +18087,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9058 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -18124,7 +18127,7 @@ msgstr "" "días</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -18151,7 +18154,7 @@ msgstr "" "tempranas en Escandinavia, Bélgica y los Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -18167,12 +18170,12 @@ msgstr "" "es como presentan el ejemplo en su sitio Web:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9109 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -18194,7 +18197,7 @@ msgstr "" "0.142 = US$73 por mes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9112 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -18215,7 +18218,7 @@ msgstr "" "canción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -18237,7 +18240,7 @@ msgstr "" "reutilizar su canción en un posible mejor acuerdo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -18254,7 +18257,7 @@ msgstr "" "limpios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -18267,7 +18270,7 @@ msgstr "" "repertorio musical que el área comunitaria." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -18283,7 +18286,7 @@ msgstr "" "explorar otros modelos como el de Tribe of Noise Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9156 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -18305,7 +18308,7 @@ msgstr "" "la plataforma que genuinamente se involucran con ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -18324,7 +18327,7 @@ msgstr "" "necesidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9177 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -18349,7 +18352,7 @@ msgstr "" "ASCAP o BMI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -18381,7 +18384,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tener que enfrentar batallas legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9206 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -18403,12 +18406,12 @@ msgstr "" "basado en la confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "Fundación Wikimedia" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -18417,24 +18420,24 @@ msgstr "" "Wikipedia y sus proyectos hermanos. Fundada en 2003 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ganancia</emphasis>: donations" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 18 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" @@ -18443,12 +18446,12 @@ msgstr "" "de Compromiso Comunitario, y Stephen LaPorte, asesor legal" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9242 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "Casi cualquier persona con una presencia en línea conoce la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -18463,7 +18466,7 @@ msgstr "" "que permite a las personas reusarlo y adaptarlo para cualquier propósito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -18474,7 +18477,7 @@ msgstr "" "— el artículo de la Wikipedia acerca de la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -18502,7 +18505,7 @@ msgstr "" "no estan conectados con alguna organización en partícular." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -18516,7 +18519,7 @@ msgstr "" "colaboración humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9279 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -18533,7 +18536,7 @@ msgstr "" "simplemente todo ocurre a una escala sin precedentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9288 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -18557,7 +18560,7 @@ msgstr "" "hechas cada hora." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9300 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -18600,7 +18603,7 @@ msgstr "" "directo para los sitios de Wikimedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9324 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -18630,7 +18633,7 @@ msgstr "" "La mayor parte del tiempo, la gente quiere hacer lo correcto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9340 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -18654,7 +18657,7 @@ msgstr "" "proteger no es siempre lo mejor para todos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9364 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" @@ -18663,7 +18666,7 @@ msgstr "" "mistakes/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -18700,7 +18703,7 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyen.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -18719,7 +18722,7 @@ msgstr "" "$77 millones de más de cinco millones de donadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9381 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -18739,7 +18742,7 @@ msgstr "" "retornen. Cada poco ayuda. Con las suficientes miradas, ellos estan bien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9392 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -18758,7 +18761,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace la fundación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -18771,7 +18774,7 @@ msgstr "" "lectores. También infunde confianza en su comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -18784,7 +18787,7 @@ msgstr "" "motivar un movimiento entero</quote>, Stephen nos dijo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -18799,12 +18802,12 @@ msgstr "" "un medio de ser ese espacio público abierto</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "Bibliografía" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -18815,7 +18818,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." @@ -18825,14 +18828,14 @@ msgstr "" "2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" "Chris Anderson. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. Nueva York: Signal, " "2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." @@ -18841,7 +18844,7 @@ msgstr "" "Decisions. Rev. ed. Nueva York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9444 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." @@ -18850,7 +18853,7 @@ msgstr "" "2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -18863,7 +18866,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -18874,7 +18877,7 @@ msgstr "" "net/WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -18887,7 +18890,7 @@ msgstr "" "transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9467 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -18896,7 +18899,7 @@ msgstr "" "the Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -18915,7 +18918,7 @@ msgstr "" "capital-commons\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." @@ -18924,7 +18927,7 @@ msgstr "" "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9485 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." @@ -18933,7 +18936,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption. Nueva York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9489 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." @@ -18942,7 +18945,7 @@ msgstr "" "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9492 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." @@ -18951,7 +18954,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." @@ -18960,7 +18963,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." @@ -18969,7 +18972,7 @@ msgstr "" "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9505 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." @@ -18978,7 +18981,7 @@ msgstr "" "Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9509 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -18995,7 +18998,7 @@ msgstr "" "for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -19006,7 +19009,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, y Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." @@ -19015,7 +19018,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." @@ -19024,7 +19027,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -19037,20 +19040,20 @@ msgstr "" ">." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9536 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " "of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-" "Knowledge\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" -"Elliott, Patricia W. y Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). <emphasis>Free Knowledge: " -"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery</emphasis>. Regina, SK: University " -"of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-" -"Knowledge\"/>." +"Elliott, Patricia W. y Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). <emphasis>Free " +"Knowledge: Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery</emphasis>. " +"Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://uofrpress." +"ca/publications/Free-Knowledge\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." @@ -19059,7 +19062,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -19069,7 +19072,7 @@ msgstr "" "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Cap. 11 en Elliott y Hepting, Free Knowledge." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -19082,7 +19085,7 @@ msgstr "" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9558 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." @@ -19091,7 +19094,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." @@ -19100,7 +19103,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons. Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -19111,7 +19114,7 @@ msgstr "" "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." @@ -19120,7 +19123,7 @@ msgstr "" "con nuevo epílogo. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." @@ -19129,16 +19132,16 @@ msgstr "" "York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9580 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" -"Haiven, Max. <emphasis>Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " -"and the Commons</emphasis>. Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014." +"Haiven, Max. <emphasis>Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, " +"Creativity and the Commons</emphasis>. Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." @@ -19147,7 +19150,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." @@ -19156,7 +19159,7 @@ msgstr "" "Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." @@ -19165,7 +19168,7 @@ msgstr "" "Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." @@ -19174,7 +19177,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books. Nueva York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9601 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." @@ -19183,7 +19186,7 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." @@ -19192,7 +19195,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." @@ -19201,7 +19204,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." @@ -19210,7 +19213,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." @@ -19219,7 +19222,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -19230,7 +19233,7 @@ msgstr "" "com/news/technology-35709680\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." @@ -19239,7 +19242,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy. Nueva York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -19248,7 +19251,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." @@ -19257,7 +19260,7 @@ msgstr "" "Straus y Giroux, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -19268,7 +19271,7 @@ msgstr "" "2011. <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -19279,7 +19282,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -19292,7 +19295,7 @@ msgstr "" "proposition-design\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9657 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." @@ -19301,7 +19304,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help. Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -19316,7 +19319,7 @@ msgstr "" "(licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -19329,7 +19332,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -19342,7 +19345,7 @@ msgstr "" "url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -19353,7 +19356,7 @@ msgstr "" "Business, 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -19364,14 +19367,15 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" -"Rowe, Jonathan. <emphasis>Our Common Wealth</emphasis>. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." +"Rowe, Jonathan. <emphasis>Our Common Wealth</emphasis>. San Francisco: " +"Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." @@ -19380,7 +19384,7 @@ msgstr "" "Enemy of Prosperity. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." @@ -19389,7 +19393,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." @@ -19398,7 +19402,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators. Londres, Inglaterra: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." @@ -19407,7 +19411,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." @@ -19416,7 +19420,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." @@ -19425,7 +19429,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." @@ -19434,7 +19438,7 @@ msgstr "" "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." @@ -19443,13 +19447,13 @@ msgstr "" "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9727 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -19460,7 +19464,7 @@ msgstr "" "Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." @@ -19469,7 +19473,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reiter. Nueva York: Simon y Schuster, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9740 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." @@ -19478,7 +19482,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -19493,7 +19497,7 @@ msgstr "" "opendesignnow.org\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -19504,7 +19508,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -19515,7 +19519,7 @@ msgstr "" "NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." @@ -19524,12 +19528,12 @@ msgstr "" "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Agradecimientos" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9770 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -19544,7 +19548,7 @@ msgstr "" "inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -19555,7 +19559,7 @@ msgstr "" "los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -19571,7 +19575,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -19585,7 +19589,7 @@ msgstr "" "invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9796 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -19678,7 +19682,7 @@ msgstr "" "Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9847 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -20345,6 +20349,25 @@ msgstr "" "Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, ZeMarmot " "Open Movie" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</" +#~ "emphasis> (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book " +#~ "is available at <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-" +#~ "generation\"/>." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Alex Osterwalder e Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " +#~ "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Puede consultarse una previsualización del " +#~ "libro en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-" +#~ "generation\"/>." + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "David Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to " +#~ "the Life of the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " +#~ "2014), 70." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " +#~ "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." + #~ msgid "Mexico City" #~ msgstr "Mexico City" diff --git a/po/nb/mwcc.po b/po/nb/mwcc.po index 8e9c304..0215bfd 100644 --- a/po/nb/mwcc.po +++ b/po/nb/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-01-30 17:39-0600\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-06 12:30-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2019-02-07 19:47+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen <pere-weblate@hungry.com>\n" "Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/" @@ -58,13 +58,15 @@ msgstr "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21 -msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>" +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>" +msgid "<publishername>Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas</publishername>" msgstr "<publishername>Petter Reinholdtsen</publishername>" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23 -msgid "Mexico City" -msgstr "Oslo" +msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" +msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 @@ -3991,8 +3993,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Å ha brukt Made with Creative Commons betyr at du slutter å tenke på måter å " "kunstig gjøre innholdet til et knapphetsgode, og i stedet utnytte det som " -"den potensielt overflodsressursen det er.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"" -"0\"/> Når du ser informasjonsoverflod som en funksjon, ikke en feil, " +"den potensielt overflodsressursen det er.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Når du ser informasjonsoverflod som en funksjon, ikke en feil, " "begynner du å tenke på måter å bruke denne tomgangskapasiteten til din " "fordel. Som min venn og kollega Eric Steuer engang sa, <quote>å bruke CC-" "lisenser viser at du har forstått Internett</quote>." @@ -4435,12 +4437,12 @@ msgstr "" "resultat tenker de ikke så mye på hvordan de bruker dem</quote>.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Hvis selv den lille viljen iboende i å betale " "ett øre for noe, endrer vår oppfatning derav, vil med sikkerhet det å " -"remikse, forbedre vår oppfatning eksponensielt.<placeholder type=\"footnote\"" -" id=\"1\"/> Vi vet at folk betaler mer for produkter de har hatt en rolle i " -"å lage.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Vi vet også at å skape noe, " -"uansett hvor bra det er, bringer med seg en slags kreativ tilfredshet som " -"ikke lar seg erstatte av å bruke noe laget av andre.<placeholder type=\"" -"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" +"remikse, forbedre vår oppfatning eksponensielt.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"1\"/> Vi vet at folk betaler mer for produkter de har hatt en rolle " +"i å lage.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Vi vet også at å skape " +"noe, uansett hvor bra det er, bringer med seg en slags kreativ tilfredshet " +"som ikke lar seg erstatte av å bruke noe laget av andre.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2177 @@ -6955,7 +6957,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 4. februar 2016" @@ -6971,19 +6973,19 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4643 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5483 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5998 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6252 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6926 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7754 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8224 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9000 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Paul Stacey" @@ -7535,13 +7537,13 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4406 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5785 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" @@ -8490,24 +8492,15 @@ msgstr "" #| "massive cult following." msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " -"download, the" +"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " +"cult following." msgstr "" "Til sammen gir disse faktorene – den krasse tonen i spillet og selskapet, " "gratis nedlasting, åpenhet for fans til å remikse spillet – det som gir " "spillet solid kultstatus." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4026 -msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4029 -msgid "the game a massive cult following." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -8532,7 +8525,7 @@ msgstr "" "offisielt i mai 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -8544,7 +8537,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, sa han." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -8558,7 +8551,7 @@ msgstr "" "hjemmesiden <quote>Dine dumme spørsmål</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -8584,7 +8577,7 @@ msgstr "" "et <quote>alt koster 5 dollar mer</quote>-salg." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -8595,7 +8588,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjennomførte forslaget. Og folk fikk helt klart med seg spøken</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -8608,7 +8601,7 @@ msgstr "" "sjokkerer folk at det er åpenhet om det du gjør</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -8624,7 +8617,7 @@ msgstr "" "spøken morsommere ved å gjøre den vellykket. De fikk inn $70,000 på én dag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -8649,7 +8642,7 @@ msgstr "" "jeg betalt dét hundre ganger, fordi det er så mange fordeler</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -8664,7 +8657,7 @@ msgstr "" "laget. I dag finnes det tusenvis av utvidelser fra tilhengere av spillet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -8677,7 +8670,7 @@ msgstr "" "verden, og vi har aldri brukt en krone på markedsføring</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -8702,7 +8695,7 @@ msgstr "" "der de har måttet hyre advokat." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " @@ -8731,7 +8724,7 @@ msgstr "" "skrive dem, men det er faktisk mye arbeid og ordkløveri</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -8752,7 +8745,7 @@ msgstr "" "lager sine egne tilpasninger til spillet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " @@ -8774,7 +8767,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, sa han." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities " @@ -8799,7 +8792,7 @@ msgstr "" "kanaliserer noe av spenningen i spillet inn i det</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -8815,7 +8808,7 @@ msgstr "" "penger fra kunder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” " @@ -8834,12 +8827,12 @@ msgstr "" "verdier, og hvem du er og hvorfor du lager ting</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "The Conversation" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -8850,12 +8843,12 @@ msgstr "" "2011 i Australia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -8866,14 +8859,14 @@ msgstr "" "fakulteter som forfattere), donasjonsfinansiering" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -8890,7 +8883,7 @@ msgstr "" "journalistikk. Andrew forpliktet seg til å koke opp en alternativ modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -8905,7 +8898,7 @@ msgstr "" "på det spekulative." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -8943,7 +8936,7 @@ msgstr "" "presentere sin kompetanse til det bredere publlikum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -8968,7 +8961,7 @@ msgstr "" "velger sitater, og skriver hva enn de måtte ønske." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -8991,7 +8984,7 @@ msgstr "" "publiseres i Conversation lisensieres åpent med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -9010,12 +9003,12 @@ msgstr "" "deres er enkel: Å gi leserne en pålitelig kilde til bevisbasert informasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -9045,7 +9038,7 @@ msgstr "" "nytt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -9068,7 +9061,7 @@ msgstr "" "Conversation gjør." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -9084,7 +9077,7 @@ msgstr "" "News." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -9102,7 +9095,7 @@ msgstr "" "foretagende." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -9121,7 +9114,7 @@ msgstr "" "universitetsforskere fra enda flere deler av verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -9139,7 +9132,7 @@ msgstr "" "dekning og funksjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " @@ -9161,7 +9154,7 @@ msgstr "" "med plass i det redaksjonelle rådgivende styre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -9180,7 +9173,7 @@ msgstr "" "lesere per artikkel." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -9196,7 +9189,7 @@ msgstr "" "et selskap om et emne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -9207,7 +9200,7 @@ msgstr "" "vise at de er verdifulle." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " @@ -9230,12 +9223,12 @@ msgstr "" "operasjonelle inntekter samtidig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "Cory Doctorow" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." @@ -9244,7 +9237,7 @@ msgstr "" "journalist med base i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" @@ -9253,7 +9246,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" @@ -9262,13 +9255,13 @@ msgstr "" "kopier (boksalg), betal-hva-du-vil, salg av rettigheter til bokoversettelser" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 12. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he " @@ -9294,7 +9287,7 @@ msgstr "" "jeg vet hvordan skal gjøres</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -9304,7 +9297,7 @@ msgstr "" "ting folk tilfeldigvis liker, for så å ikke være i veien når de deler det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -9324,7 +9317,7 @@ msgstr "" "seg et levebrød i Internett-alderen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -9335,7 +9328,7 @@ msgstr "" "modeller for sitt arbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " @@ -9382,7 +9375,7 @@ msgstr "" "folk til å like det jeg gjør, ville bli borte</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " @@ -9421,7 +9414,7 @@ msgstr "" "selv frisk</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " @@ -9450,7 +9443,7 @@ msgstr "" "verdensbilde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his " @@ -9479,7 +9472,7 @@ msgstr "" "dem tyver</quote>, sa han." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At " @@ -9516,7 +9509,7 @@ msgstr "" "beregnet for spredning</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -9531,7 +9524,7 @@ msgstr "" "sier de at det er som følge av hans etablerte forfatterskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent " @@ -9554,7 +9547,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " @@ -9597,7 +9590,7 @@ msgstr "" "hjelp jeg kan få</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -9624,7 +9617,7 @@ msgstr "" "finnes uprofesjonelle oversettelser tilgjengelig gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his " @@ -9663,7 +9656,7 @@ msgstr "" "mulig at jeg vil få noe tilbake</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " @@ -9694,7 +9687,7 @@ msgstr "" "å gi deg nøkkelen, er den ikke der i hensikt å gagne deg</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " @@ -9725,7 +9718,7 @@ msgstr "" "ønsker å ta kontrollen over hans arbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -9746,7 +9739,7 @@ msgstr "" "eget betal-hva-du-vil -eksperiment ut i livet snart." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected " @@ -9778,7 +9771,7 @@ msgstr "" "kontakten med dem som har blitt rørt av ditt arbeid</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does " @@ -9801,17 +9794,17 @@ msgstr "" "sinn og hender</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "Det har aldri vært lettere å rette tankene i løvetannens baner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "Figshare" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -9823,12 +9816,12 @@ msgstr "" "i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" @@ -9837,19 +9830,19 @@ msgstr "" "betalte tjenester til innholdsleverandører" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 28. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -9870,7 +9863,7 @@ msgstr "" "vitenskapelig disiplinpublisering ikke tillater." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -9881,7 +9874,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortjeneste, være å stole på? Svarene har utviklet seg over tid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -9899,7 +9892,7 @@ msgstr "" "hans karrière." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -9912,7 +9905,7 @@ msgstr "" "dele det med alle. Dernest begynte han å arbeide med en løsning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -9923,7 +9916,7 @@ msgstr "" "originalobjektet for å sikre at forskningen kan siteres på lang sikt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -9940,7 +9933,7 @@ msgstr "" "DataCite for å tilby DOI-er for forskningsdata." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -9955,7 +9948,7 @@ msgstr "" "BY (Attribution) for figurer, videoer og datasett." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -9968,7 +9961,7 @@ msgstr "" "han åpnet det opp for dem også." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -9984,7 +9977,7 @@ msgstr "" "kan også brukes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -10001,7 +9994,7 @@ msgstr "" "betaler for premiumfordeler, funksjonalitet eller virtuelle eiendeler.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " @@ -10033,7 +10026,7 @@ msgstr "" "Vi sikrer bare at det varer</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -10052,7 +10045,7 @@ msgstr "" "gi dem denne funksjonaliteten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " @@ -10089,7 +10082,7 @@ msgstr "" "overbevist dem om å bruke Creative Commons-lisenser for dataene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 msgid "" "research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " "Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " @@ -10097,7 +10090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4757 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -10116,7 +10109,7 @@ msgstr "" "og lagt til tjenester for institusjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4767 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -10135,7 +10128,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotekarer og administratorer, samt av forskerne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4777 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -10159,7 +10152,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Attribution-NoDerivs)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -10178,7 +10171,7 @@ msgstr "" "noen negative konsekvenser, bestemte han seg å følge etter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4800 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -10194,7 +10187,7 @@ msgstr "" "flere forskere og institusjoner vil gjøre den til sin valgte lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" @@ -10203,7 +10196,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" @@ -10212,7 +10205,7 @@ msgstr "" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4808 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -10235,7 +10228,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -10257,12 +10250,12 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons-lisenser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4830 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -10285,7 +10278,7 @@ msgstr "" "Figshare nå brukes av allmenningen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4841 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -10300,7 +10293,7 @@ msgstr "" "bruken av Figshare av andre, inkludert Wikipedia og nyhetskilder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -10326,12 +10319,12 @@ msgstr "" "stand til å samarbeide og gjøre nye funn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "Figure.NZ" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4867 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -10341,12 +10334,12 @@ msgstr "" "dataplattform myntet på å gjøre data gjenbrukbar og enkel å forstå seg på." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" @@ -10355,19 +10348,19 @@ msgstr "" "betalte tjenester til skapere, bidragsytere, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 3. mai 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" @@ -10376,7 +10369,7 @@ msgstr "" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -10414,7 +10407,7 @@ msgstr "" "med spesielt fokus på New Zealand." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4906 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " @@ -10445,7 +10438,7 @@ msgstr "" "data og forskning du ofte må betale for." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4917 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -10470,7 +10463,7 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester til dem som ønsker å åpne sine data, og presentere dem visuelt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4931 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -10501,7 +10494,7 @@ msgstr "" "lenge de henviser til den opprinnelige kilden og Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4957 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" @@ -10510,7 +10503,7 @@ msgstr "" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4948 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -10541,7 +10534,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons-lisensiert, noe som passer fint til Figure.NZs beslutning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4964 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -10566,7 +10559,7 @@ msgstr "" "vokter og pålitelig kilde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4977 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -10601,7 +10594,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjøre seg forskjellig, og knytte sin merkevare til det hele." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -10614,7 +10607,7 @@ msgstr "" "få verdi fra dataene og de visuelle fremstillingene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5002 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -10643,7 +10636,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettsted gratis for alle brukere, og virkelig demokratisere data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5018 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often " @@ -10680,12 +10673,12 @@ msgstr "" "har blitt gjort før." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5032 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -10701,12 +10694,12 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -10719,7 +10712,7 @@ msgstr "" "innvirkning på hva som tas med eller ekskluderes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -10732,7 +10725,7 @@ msgstr "" "skattefritatt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -10755,7 +10748,7 @@ msgstr "" "eksterne tilknytninger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5064 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -10774,7 +10767,7 @@ msgstr "" "opplevelser, ikke brukermanualer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5074 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -10799,7 +10792,7 @@ msgstr "" "tolke data om emnene de er interessert i." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5088 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well " @@ -10825,7 +10818,7 @@ msgstr "" "vegne av andre, om det så var på vegne av et land eller selskaper.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " @@ -10842,7 +10835,7 @@ msgstr "" "informasjon</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions " @@ -10858,7 +10851,7 @@ msgstr "" "ikke tall som en del av vår tenkning og forståelse ennå</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5110 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. " @@ -10890,7 +10883,7 @@ msgstr "" "kan analysere og tenke med tall</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5121 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " @@ -10909,7 +10902,7 @@ msgstr "" "se på Figure.NZ er titusenvis av grafer, kart og data</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5128 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " @@ -10937,7 +10930,7 @@ msgstr "" "fremtiden</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5137 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " @@ -10957,7 +10950,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjernen som gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " @@ -10977,12 +10970,12 @@ msgstr "" "kjernen som gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -10993,12 +10986,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt 2012 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" @@ -11007,20 +11000,20 @@ msgstr "" "(spesialisert)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5172 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " @@ -11064,7 +11057,7 @@ msgstr "" "Innovation Award-pris for innovasjon i utdanning i 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " @@ -11083,7 +11076,7 @@ msgstr "" "både å beskytte innhold på nettet, og fordele det gratis for brukere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -11096,7 +11089,7 @@ msgstr "" "ned." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -11128,7 +11121,7 @@ msgstr "" "for det trykte formatet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the " @@ -11153,7 +11146,7 @@ msgstr "" "en iskrem sundae." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -11170,7 +11163,7 @@ msgstr "" "boken - kjeksisen eller iskuler med pynt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " @@ -11192,7 +11185,7 @@ msgstr "" "åpen tilgangs-versjon av bøker utgitt med en Creative Commons-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5244 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -11213,7 +11206,7 @@ msgstr "" "profit samfunnsforetak) i 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -11222,7 +11215,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched: Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -11231,7 +11224,7 @@ msgstr "" "bare via Knowlegde Unlatched." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -11240,7 +11233,7 @@ msgstr "" "samlinger (slik de gjør fra bibliotekleverandører i dag)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -11249,7 +11242,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjøpes spesifiseres og prisene angis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5280 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -11262,7 +11255,7 @@ msgstr "" "dekket Title Fee-gebyret." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5289 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -11273,12 +11266,12 @@ msgstr "" "beløpet som er den summen som er innbetalt fra bibliotekene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5299 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -11291,7 +11284,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -11309,7 +11302,7 @@ msgstr "" "på utgiftene, og pr. bok kom de ned i under 43 dollar pr. bok." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5315 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" @@ -11318,7 +11311,7 @@ msgstr "" "availability-1/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -11341,7 +11334,7 @@ msgstr "" "(royalty) for salg av fysiske kopier." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5325 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -11362,7 +11355,7 @@ msgstr "" "deltar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5337 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -11390,7 +11383,7 @@ msgstr "" "og til sist, unnfanging." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -11401,7 +11394,7 @@ msgstr "" "passe inn i kjøpssykluser, budsjettrunder, og bibliotekkomiteers møter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5358 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -11419,7 +11412,7 @@ msgstr "" "fått enda flere biblioteker med i laget." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5368 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -11430,7 +11423,7 @@ msgstr "" "også, med fri tilgang på alt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -11441,7 +11434,7 @@ msgstr "" "lukkede standard publiseringsmodellenen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -11460,14 +11453,14 @@ msgstr "" "13 av dem, i andre runde gikk det ikke mer enn en måned for å få 26." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5389 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -11488,7 +11481,7 @@ msgstr "" "ved å delta.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5399 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -11508,7 +11501,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitale versjonen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -11524,7 +11517,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotekene, men for hele verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -11547,7 +11540,7 @@ msgstr "" "førsterunden lastet ned nesten åtti tusen ganger i 175 land." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -11556,7 +11549,7 @@ msgstr "" "for monografier en vinn-vinn-situasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5435 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -11577,7 +11570,7 @@ msgstr "" "frikjøp av tidsskifter og eldre bøker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5446 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -11598,12 +11591,12 @@ msgstr "" "snarere enn en revolusjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "Lumen Learning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -11613,12 +11606,12 @@ msgstr "" "educational resources). Grunnlagt 2013 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" @@ -11627,13 +11620,13 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester, gi finansiering" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 21. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" @@ -11642,12 +11635,12 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -11690,7 +11683,7 @@ msgstr "" "opprette Lumen Learning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5505 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -11709,7 +11702,7 @@ msgstr "" "donasjonen skal brukes, er det ofte ikke mye fleksibilitet til å gjøre det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -11727,7 +11720,7 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraftig utvikling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -11742,7 +11735,7 @@ msgstr "" "frie bruk og gjenbruk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5532 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -11768,12 +11761,12 @@ msgstr "" "universiteter –" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "å erstatte dyre lærebøker i kurs med mange påmeldinger med OER;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5554 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -11783,7 +11776,7 @@ msgstr "" "læringshåndtering;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -11792,7 +11785,7 @@ msgstr "" "utholdenhet, og kursfullførelse; og" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -11801,7 +11794,7 @@ msgstr "" "basert på kunnskap om studentens studiefremgang." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -11816,7 +11809,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -11831,7 +11824,7 @@ msgstr "" "dollar pr. deltagende student." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -11845,7 +11838,7 @@ msgstr "" "dollar pr. deltagende student." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5596 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -11862,7 +11855,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre dyre ressurser med OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -11893,7 +11886,7 @@ msgstr "" "i samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -11913,7 +11906,7 @@ msgstr "" "den beste OER de kan finne i så henseende, som fakultetet så etterser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5633 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -11934,7 +11927,7 @@ msgstr "" "Lumens innhold blir gitt en henvisning – Attribusjon (CC BY)-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -11949,7 +11942,7 @@ msgstr "" "forskjellig OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5652 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -11970,7 +11963,7 @@ msgstr "" "henvisninger som metadata, for å få det til å vises på slutten av hver side." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -11985,7 +11978,7 @@ msgstr "" "antall generelle henvendelser Lumens salgskapasitet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5671 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -12008,7 +12001,7 @@ msgstr "" "størst antall elever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5684 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -12027,7 +12020,7 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraften i Lumen beholdes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -12046,7 +12039,7 @@ msgstr "" "nytte av, og bidrar til dette åpne samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5704 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -12063,7 +12056,7 @@ msgstr "" "og med gir tilbake generøst." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5713 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -12083,7 +12076,7 @@ msgstr "" "utvikling og forbedring av den OER-en de bruker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5724 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -12100,7 +12093,7 @@ msgstr "" "alle disse faktorene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -12113,7 +12106,7 @@ msgstr "" "er forståelig, og som kan gjentas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5739 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -12134,7 +12127,7 @@ msgstr "" "erstatte donasjoner med inntekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -12152,12 +12145,12 @@ msgstr "" "vite hvor du står, og ikke vike tilbake. Det er et spørsmål om tillit." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "Jonathan Mann" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." @@ -12166,7 +12159,7 @@ msgstr "" "Day</quote>-fyren. Han holder til i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" @@ -12175,7 +12168,7 @@ msgstr "" "bandcamp.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5771 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -12186,13 +12179,13 @@ msgstr "" "for personlige versjoner (inntekter fra foredrag og musikalske opptredener)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 22. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5784 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -12215,7 +12208,7 @@ msgstr "" "konferansens sesjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5796 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -12235,7 +12228,7 @@ msgstr "" "erfaringen ga ham oppslag i Time magazine." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -12248,7 +12241,7 @@ msgstr "" "låtskriving, og han er viden kjent som <quote>en-sang-om-dagen-fyren</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5814 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -12267,7 +12260,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettet enn bare lyttet til lydfiler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5824 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -12296,7 +12289,7 @@ msgstr "" "han seg, og får noen andre til å legge ut sangen for ham." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5840 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -12313,7 +12306,7 @@ msgstr "" "sanger for dem. I dag tjener han mesteparten av pengene sine på den måten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5849 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -12330,7 +12323,7 @@ msgstr "" "finansierte produksjonen av denne boken." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5858 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -12347,7 +12340,7 @@ msgstr "" "kunne deles.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " @@ -12376,7 +12369,7 @@ msgstr "" "undergravd det</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -12391,7 +12384,7 @@ msgstr "" "ingenting av dette</quote>, sa Jonathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5884 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " @@ -12419,7 +12412,7 @@ msgstr "" "å skrive egendefinerte sanger for klienter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5894 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -12441,7 +12434,7 @@ msgstr "" "tekniske begreper til noe forståelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5906 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send " @@ -12481,7 +12474,7 @@ msgstr "" "meg i den prosessen</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 msgid "" "or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find " "that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that " @@ -12489,7 +12482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5929 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -12502,7 +12495,7 @@ msgstr "" "funnet en måte å holde det interessant for seg selv." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5931 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but " @@ -12537,7 +12530,7 @@ msgstr "" "stedet for å etterligne andres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5943 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -12555,7 +12548,7 @@ msgstr "" "prinsippene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5952 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -12570,7 +12563,7 @@ msgstr "" "bli bedre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5959 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -12585,7 +12578,7 @@ msgstr "" "av Steve Jobs, sier han at aldri føler seg virkelig vellykket." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -12596,12 +12589,12 @@ msgstr "" "vil så mye av det vedkommende driver med være borte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "Noun-prosjektet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -12612,12 +12605,12 @@ msgstr "" "USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" @@ -12626,13 +12619,13 @@ msgstr "" "transaksjonsgebyr, betaling for tilpassede tjenester" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 6. oktober 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" @@ -12640,7 +12633,7 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -12651,7 +12644,7 @@ msgstr "" "grenser, språk og kulturer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -12668,7 +12661,7 @@ msgstr "" "for hvert enkelt objekt eller begrep i verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -12683,7 +12676,7 @@ msgstr "" "hjelpe dem som var i lignende situasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -12699,7 +12692,7 @@ msgstr "" "frivillige designere over hele verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" @@ -12708,7 +12701,7 @@ msgstr "" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6026 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -12728,7 +12721,7 @@ msgstr "" "større." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " @@ -12751,7 +12744,7 @@ msgstr "" "verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6043 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -12768,7 +12761,7 @@ msgstr "" "fellesskap av designere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6052 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -12781,7 +12774,7 @@ msgstr "" "forretningsmodell rundt gratis innhold." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6059 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -12806,7 +12799,7 @@ msgstr "" "ut i det offentlige rom." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6073 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have " @@ -12837,7 +12830,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -12852,7 +12845,7 @@ msgstr "" "spennende for de fleste designere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6091 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -12879,7 +12872,7 @@ msgstr "" "skapere, og bra for plattformen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface " @@ -12916,7 +12909,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjøp av en API Pro-versjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -12927,7 +12920,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosjektet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -12949,15 +12942,15 @@ msgstr "" "brukeren." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -12969,7 +12962,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette overfor innholdsleverandørene da tillitsbygging har høyeste prioritet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -12983,7 +12976,7 @@ msgstr "" "betale husleien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6147 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -13009,7 +13002,7 @@ msgstr "" "abonnerer på NounPro, kan du åpne Noun-prosjektet direkte fra Lingo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6161 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -13023,7 +13016,7 @@ msgstr "" "lærere og andre som trenger å kommunisere ideer visuelt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " @@ -13041,7 +13034,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre som tilbyr grafikk, ikoner eller utklipp." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6174 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -13059,7 +13052,7 @@ msgstr "" "penger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6183 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -13072,7 +13065,7 @@ msgstr "" "troverdighet. CC kommer med et innebygd fellesskap med brukere og tilhengere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " @@ -13100,7 +13093,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsette å gi det næring</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -13113,7 +13106,7 @@ msgstr "" "Brukerne kan også søke i ikonene etter designerens navn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6207 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -13133,7 +13126,7 @@ msgstr "" "brukes gratis av alle." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -13151,12 +13144,12 @@ msgstr "" "integrere Creative Commons i modellen har vært nøkkelen til å nå dette målet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "Open Data-instituttet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -13167,12 +13160,12 @@ msgstr "" "2012 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" @@ -13181,12 +13174,12 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig finansiering, betaling for tilpassede tjenester, donasjoner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 11. november 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" @@ -13195,7 +13188,7 @@ msgstr "" "direktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -13214,7 +13207,7 @@ msgstr "" "å hjelpe folk rundt i verden å innovere med data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6261 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -13237,7 +13230,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å forbedre sine liv ved å bedre forstå hva som skjer rundt dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -13252,7 +13245,7 @@ msgstr "" "og åpne-data-initiativer.) Den fortsetter med å si at ODI vil –" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -13261,19 +13254,19 @@ msgstr "" "åpen data-politikk berører dette;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "utvikle eksempler på de økonomiske fordelene – og forretningsmodeller for " "åpne data;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "hjelpe britiske bedrifter å bruke åpne data; og" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" @@ -13282,7 +13275,7 @@ msgstr "" "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13291,7 +13284,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " @@ -13318,7 +13311,7 @@ msgstr "" "inntekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -13333,7 +13326,7 @@ msgstr "" "millioner investering fra Omidyar Network." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -13348,7 +13341,7 @@ msgstr "" "ansatte." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -13364,7 +13357,7 @@ msgstr "" "markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -13373,12 +13366,12 @@ msgstr "" "og rådgivning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6353 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -13404,7 +13397,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6356 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -13429,7 +13422,7 @@ msgstr "" "slik at de kan delta som en form for faglig utvikling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6370 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -13446,7 +13439,7 @@ msgstr "" "tendens til å generere stor interesse og engasjement." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -13461,7 +13454,7 @@ msgstr "" "det fire tematiske spor og over 750 deltakere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6387 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -13478,14 +13471,14 @@ msgstr "" "organisasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" "I kommersiell forstand syntes følgende verdistandpunkter å gi gjenklang:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -13496,7 +13489,7 @@ msgstr "" "også åpner opp sine egne data. Store data er et hett tema." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6410 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -13511,7 +13504,7 @@ msgstr "" "organisatorisk uavhengighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6419 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -13524,7 +13517,7 @@ msgstr "" "effektivitet og muligheter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6428 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -13541,7 +13534,7 @@ msgstr "" "til behovet om å sette opp internasjonale ODI-<quote>avleggere</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -13562,7 +13555,7 @@ msgstr "" "liten avgift for å være en del av nettverket, og bruke varemerket." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6451 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" @@ -13571,7 +13564,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -13583,7 +13576,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6455 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -13601,12 +13594,12 @@ msgstr "" "som skjer ansikt til ansikt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -13623,7 +13616,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -13636,7 +13629,7 @@ msgstr "" "utplasseringen av åpne data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6478 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -13649,7 +13642,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisenser</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6485 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " @@ -13699,7 +13692,7 @@ msgstr "" "penger</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -13710,7 +13703,7 @@ msgstr "" "leveranse. Her er noen beregninger fra 27. April 2016:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -13723,17 +13716,17 @@ msgstr "" "millioner (pund)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Antall aktive medlemmer og noder over hele verden: 1350" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "Totalt salg siden ODI startet: £ 7.44 millioner (pund)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" @@ -13742,17 +13735,17 @@ msgstr "" "2,2 millioner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "Totalt antall åpne datasertifikater opprettet: 151 000" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13761,12 +13754,12 @@ msgstr "" "080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6548 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -13777,13 +13770,13 @@ msgstr "" "virkeliggjør designene. Grunnlagt i 2014 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" @@ -13792,12 +13785,12 @@ msgstr "" "transaksjonsgebyr" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjudato</emphasis>: 4. november 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" @@ -13806,7 +13799,7 @@ msgstr "" "Steiner, medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -13819,7 +13812,7 @@ msgstr "" "produsentene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6579 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -13850,7 +13843,7 @@ msgstr "" "og Opendesk, et kommersielt selskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6596 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -13864,7 +13857,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsatt langt unna." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6603 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -13886,7 +13879,7 @@ msgstr "" "avgjorde å bruke Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6614 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -13901,7 +13894,7 @@ msgstr "" "en forretningsmodell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -13912,7 +13905,7 @@ msgstr "" "på forretningsmodellen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -13927,12 +13920,12 @@ msgstr "" "selv bestemme seg for hvor åpen eller lukket de ønsker å være." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6634 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -13945,7 +13938,7 @@ msgstr "" "profilere designere.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6641 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -13958,7 +13951,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution-NonCommercial-lisensen (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -13977,12 +13970,12 @@ msgstr "" "spesifikasjonene i designfilen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -14003,7 +13996,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -14014,7 +14007,7 @@ msgstr "" "Opendesks nettsted:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -14023,7 +14016,7 @@ msgstr "" "betaler de:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -14034,7 +14027,7 @@ msgstr "" "monteringskostnader)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" @@ -14043,7 +14036,7 @@ msgstr "" "hver gang designet deres brukes)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -14054,7 +14047,7 @@ msgstr "" "markedsplassen vår)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -14067,7 +14060,7 @@ msgstr "" "og markedsføringsavgifter for den kanalen det gjelder)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6708 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -14077,7 +14070,7 @@ msgstr "" "leveringen)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -14090,12 +14083,12 @@ msgstr "" "skreddersydde designvalg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -14104,12 +14097,12 @@ msgstr "" "er)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "De går så i detalj om hvordan produsentens tilbud settes sammen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6732 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -14130,7 +14123,7 @@ msgstr "" "og er vanligvis fordelt som følger:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6745 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -14140,28 +14133,28 @@ msgstr "" "montering på stedet)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "designavgift: 8 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "plattformavgift: 12 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "kanalavgift: 18 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" "merverdiavgift (mva.): gjeldende (avhenger av produkt og hvor salget skjer)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -14172,7 +14165,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer generøs, og gir en høyere verdi til designeren." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -14187,7 +14180,7 @@ msgstr "" "En stor andel av hans virksomhet kommer fra Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6786 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -14205,7 +14198,7 @@ msgstr "" "funksjonelle produkter ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -14221,7 +14214,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -14236,12 +14229,12 @@ msgstr "" "varer fra en butikk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " @@ -14269,7 +14262,7 @@ msgstr "" "ideer og diskutere prinsipper og forretningspraksis de ønsker å se brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6825 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -14284,7 +14277,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution-NonCommercial lisensen (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" @@ -14293,22 +14286,22 @@ msgstr "" "kommersiell og ikke-kommersiell bruk. Deres hjemmeside fastslår:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Det er en utvetydig kommersiell bruk når noen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "krever en avgift eller får en fortjeneste når man lager en Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "selger (eller baserer en kommersiell tjeneste på) en Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -14319,7 +14312,7 @@ msgstr "" "kompensasjon. For eksempel kvalifiserer disse som ikke-kommersielle:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6855 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" @@ -14328,7 +14321,7 @@ msgstr "" "og vil personlig kutte til og lage noen få møbler selv" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6862 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" @@ -14337,7 +14330,7 @@ msgstr "" "eller opplæring (og har ikke tenkt å selge de som blir laget)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -14346,7 +14339,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitale verktøyrom, eller i åpne brukerrom" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6875 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -14368,7 +14361,7 @@ msgstr "" "rettigheter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6886 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -14383,7 +14376,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjennom Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -14395,12 +14388,12 @@ msgstr "" "stoler de på folk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "OpenStax" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -14411,12 +14404,12 @@ msgstr "" "Placement-kurs. Grunnlagt i 2012 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6910 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" @@ -14426,13 +14419,13 @@ msgstr "" "fysiske kopier (læreboksalg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6914 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 16. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" @@ -14440,7 +14433,7 @@ msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjuet</emphasis>: David Harris, sjefsredaktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -14463,7 +14456,7 @@ msgstr "" "når som helst – gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -14484,7 +14477,7 @@ msgstr "" "enkelt kalt OpenStax." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6948 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -14507,7 +14500,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasninger av fakulteter og studenter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6966 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" @@ -14516,7 +14509,7 @@ msgstr "" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -14537,7 +14530,7 @@ msgstr "" "Alt uten at noen sto for salget!" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6970 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -14555,7 +14548,7 @@ msgstr "" "de blir brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -14571,7 +14564,7 @@ msgstr "" "behov." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6987 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -14585,12 +14578,12 @@ msgstr "" "videre ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6998 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6994 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -14605,7 +14598,7 @@ msgstr "" "lærebøker.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -14618,7 +14611,7 @@ msgstr "" "stoler på et omfattende nettverk av samarbeidspartnere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7007 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -14638,7 +14631,7 @@ msgstr "" "trolig fortsatt komme til å kreve filantropisk investering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -14658,7 +14651,7 @@ msgstr "" "studenter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -14677,7 +14670,7 @@ msgstr "" "Introduction to Sociology 2e, der disse midlene er brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7038 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -14699,7 +14692,7 @@ msgstr "" "er der ute med sitt materiale som et utstillingsvindu." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -14713,7 +14706,7 @@ msgstr "" "David ser frem til å dele disse funnene med fellesskapet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -14733,7 +14726,7 @@ msgstr "" "finansiere den løpende driften." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7068 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -14757,7 +14750,7 @@ msgstr "" "tydeligvis selger ut nesten hundre prosent." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -14773,7 +14766,7 @@ msgstr "" "vanskelig å kunne vise at investeringen betaler seg i løpet av rimelig tid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -14796,7 +14789,7 @@ msgstr "" "bok fra bunnen av, et godt eksempel er deres biologibok." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7102 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -14829,7 +14822,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosessen er svært tidkrevende." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -14849,7 +14842,7 @@ msgstr "" "er forhåndsbetalt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -14867,7 +14860,7 @@ msgstr "" "friksjonsfri remiksing gir CC BY lærere kontroll og akademisk frihet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -14886,7 +14879,7 @@ msgstr "" "utnytter ineffektiviteten i det tradisjonelle markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7150 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" @@ -14896,27 +14889,27 @@ msgstr "" "presseinformasjonen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Bøker publisert: 23" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Studenter som har brukt OpenStax: 1,6 millioner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "Penger spart for studenter: 155 millioner dollar" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "Penger spart for studenter i studieåret 2016/17: 77 millioner dollar" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7178 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -14929,7 +14922,7 @@ msgstr "" "universiteter utenfor USA)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -14943,7 +14936,7 @@ msgstr "" "internasjonal interesse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -14958,7 +14951,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjennom hele pensumet, for eksempel for en sykepleierutdanning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7202 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -14980,22 +14973,22 @@ msgstr "" "en utdanning å kunne få den." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7215 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "Amanda Palmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "Amanda Palmer er en musiker, kunstner og skribent. Basert i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7222 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -15006,13 +14999,13 @@ msgstr "" "(abonnementsbasert), betaling for fysiske kopier, varesalg" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 15. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -15023,7 +15016,7 @@ msgstr "" "swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -15036,7 +15029,7 @@ msgstr "" "id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7243 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -15050,7 +15043,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7250 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " @@ -15076,7 +15069,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7259 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress " @@ -15116,7 +15109,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nok så jeg kunne fortsette å lage kunst.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7273 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her " @@ -15147,7 +15140,7 @@ msgstr "" "Amanda og Dresden Dolls var ment å skulle gjøre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7284 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " @@ -15181,7 +15174,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosjektene gjennom tidene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7296 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " @@ -15213,7 +15206,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike-lisens (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7308 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " @@ -15261,7 +15254,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjort hele tiden. De ikke-kommersielle lisensene var en naturlig tilpasning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The " @@ -15285,7 +15278,7 @@ msgstr "" "startet med dette fordi jeg ønsket å dele musikkgleden</quote>, sier hun." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " @@ -15312,7 +15305,7 @@ msgstr "" "på kjøkkenet mitt</quote>, skrev Amanda i <quote>The Art of Asking</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7344 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek " @@ -15346,7 +15339,7 @@ msgstr "" "selv</quote>, skrev Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7356 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -15365,7 +15358,7 @@ msgstr "" "etter en forestilling, kan de helt riktig føle at de kjenner henne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " @@ -15390,7 +15383,7 @@ msgstr "" "det.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -15409,7 +15402,7 @@ msgstr "" "vennene dine – du deler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7384 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -15428,7 +15421,7 @@ msgstr "" "din suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " @@ -15453,7 +15446,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>denne rare lille familien</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for " @@ -15481,7 +15474,7 @@ msgstr "" "finne en måte å kanalisere sin energi på som gleder deg.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7411 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -15506,7 +15499,7 @@ msgstr "" "styrkes båndet med menneskelige relasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and " @@ -15534,7 +15527,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjør, virkelig er av verdi for dem.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -15553,12 +15546,12 @@ msgstr "" "lar hun dem gjøre det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "PLOS (Public Library of Science - Offentlig vitenskapsbibliotek)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -15569,12 +15562,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt i år 2000 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" @@ -15583,18 +15576,18 @@ msgstr "" "betaler en artikkelprosessavgift for å bli publisert i tidsskiftet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 7. mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Louise Page, utgiver" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7469 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -15621,7 +15614,7 @@ msgstr "" "forskningsartikler utgitt med Attribution (CC BY)-lisenser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7483 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -15644,7 +15637,7 @@ msgstr "" "eller artikkelen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7494 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -15668,7 +15661,7 @@ msgstr "" "modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -15691,7 +15684,7 @@ msgstr "" "publisering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7518 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -15715,7 +15708,7 @@ msgstr "" "tegninger, tall eller andre elementer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7530 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -15734,7 +15727,7 @@ msgstr "" "startet i 2006, er like under 1500 dollar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -15746,7 +15739,7 @@ msgstr "" "artikkelbehandling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7545 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -15778,7 +15771,7 @@ msgstr "" "for publisering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -15795,7 +15788,7 @@ msgstr "" "publisert og spredd." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -15806,7 +15799,7 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig kildebrønn, og gi en erklæring om datatilgjengelighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -15825,7 +15818,7 @@ msgstr "" "publisere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -15838,7 +15831,7 @@ msgstr "" "journaler rangerer høyt, selv om de er relativt nye." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7590 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -15856,7 +15849,7 @@ msgstr "" "forfattere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -15872,7 +15865,7 @@ msgstr "" "noen andre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7607 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -15915,7 +15908,7 @@ msgstr "" "tverrfaglige fora for å publisere all solid vitenskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -15926,7 +15919,7 @@ msgstr "" "som en slags skyvekontroll som kan justeres for å endre gjeldende praksis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -15940,7 +15933,7 @@ msgstr "" "uunngåelig ta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -15964,7 +15957,7 @@ msgstr "" "utgiver og forfatter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7655 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -15977,7 +15970,7 @@ msgstr "" "mye av forskningshjulet som blir gjenoppfunnet rundt om i verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -16009,7 +16002,7 @@ msgstr "" "utfordring er at forskerne ikke har mye tid til å kommentere dokumentutkast." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -16029,17 +16022,17 @@ msgstr "" "endringer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -16067,7 +16060,7 @@ msgstr "" "å kommunisere med forfattere på." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -16086,7 +16079,7 @@ msgstr "" "sammen med forfattere og lesere som er åpne for eksperimentering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -16105,7 +16098,7 @@ msgstr "" "kvalitetsartikler kan leses gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -16115,12 +16108,12 @@ msgstr "" "overskuelig, tilgjengelig og reproduserbar, til fremme av vitenskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7729 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "Rijksmuseum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@ -16129,12 +16122,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt i 1800 i Nederland" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7738 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -16144,13 +16137,13 @@ msgstr "" "finansiering, betaling for personlig versjon (museumsadgang), og varesalg" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7742 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 11. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" @@ -16159,7 +16152,7 @@ msgstr "" "innsamlingsinformasjonen" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7753 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -16187,7 +16180,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer åpen modell for museet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7769 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -16213,7 +16206,7 @@ msgstr "" "kortkatalog som database over hele samlingen på nettet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7783 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -16230,12 +16223,12 @@ msgstr "" "slutt til at: Hvorfor ikke legge hele samlingen ut på nettet?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7794 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7792 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -16261,7 +16254,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer diskusjon om hvorvidt Rijksmuseum skal følge etter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7806 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " @@ -16297,7 +16290,7 @@ msgstr "" "var for det meste skolebarn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -16323,7 +16316,7 @@ msgstr "" "hadde mange heftige debatter om hva de skulle gjøre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7833 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -16344,7 +16337,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tilgjengelig, med det mål å få hele samlingen på nettet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7844 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" @@ -16384,7 +16377,7 @@ msgstr "" "at folk ønsker å se det i det virkelige liv ved å besøke det aktuelle museet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -16400,7 +16393,7 @@ msgstr "" "inntekter på, blant annet for Rijksmuseum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7867 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -16425,12 +16418,12 @@ msgstr "" "museets synlighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -16448,7 +16441,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7890 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-" @@ -16479,7 +16472,7 @@ msgstr "" "med kommersielle formål." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7901 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -16492,7 +16485,7 @@ msgstr "" "for bruk ved skoleeksamen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -16513,7 +16506,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilgjengelig for publikum, men innenfor de grensene kunstnerne har angitt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7928 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" @@ -16522,7 +16515,7 @@ msgstr "" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7919 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -16546,7 +16539,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7932 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -16559,7 +16552,7 @@ msgstr "" "award-2015\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" @@ -16568,7 +16561,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -16599,7 +16592,7 @@ msgstr "" "Rijksstudio-prisen startet i September 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -16610,7 +16603,7 @@ msgstr "" "sosiale elementer der brukere kan samarbeide mer med hverandre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7956 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -16626,7 +16619,7 @@ msgstr "" "trettifemtusen pr. måned til trehundretusen besøk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7965 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -16650,7 +16643,7 @@ msgstr "" "samfunnet på det tidspunktet maleriet ble laget." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7978 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They " @@ -16702,23 +16695,23 @@ msgstr "" "og få noe i retur. Gavmildhet gjør at folk gjerne blir med og hjelper til.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "Shareable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "Shareable er en nettmagasin om deling. Etablert i 2009 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" @@ -16727,13 +16720,13 @@ msgstr "" "folkefinansiering (prosjektbasert), donasjoner, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 24. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" @@ -16742,7 +16735,7 @@ msgstr "" "og administrerende redaktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8021 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " @@ -16773,7 +16766,7 @@ msgstr "" "valg: Å ri på bølgen, eller stå på prinsippet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8032 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In " @@ -16807,7 +16800,7 @@ msgstr "" "‹Borgkollektivet› </quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " @@ -16832,7 +16825,7 @@ msgstr "" "klart oss igjennom den kritikken som Airbnb og Uber møter nå</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8054 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of " @@ -16863,7 +16856,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsatte med et voksende publikum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8065 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " @@ -16895,7 +16888,7 @@ msgstr "" "ressursulikhet, sosial isolasjon og global oppvarming." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8077 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " @@ -16926,7 +16919,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å gjøre endringer i sine egne liv og samfunn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8089 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -16953,7 +16946,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettverket er lisensiert med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8104 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " @@ -16993,7 +16986,7 @@ msgstr "" "vi har</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -17012,7 +17005,7 @@ msgstr "" "produsentene av trafikk på hjemmesiden deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8129 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -17025,7 +17018,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shareable planlegger å tilby boken i kommende pengeinnsamlingskampanjer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -17044,7 +17037,7 @@ msgstr "" "samfunnet, vil bedre representere deres visjon av verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This " @@ -17079,7 +17072,7 @@ msgstr "" "komforten i hjemmet</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " @@ -17108,7 +17101,7 @@ msgstr "" "støttespillere var folk i deres eksisterende base." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8169 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -17122,7 +17115,7 @@ msgstr "" "relasjoner mellom sine lesere og tilhengere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8176 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to " @@ -17168,7 +17161,7 @@ msgstr "" "ny CC-lisensiert bok i 2017 fylt med ideer som nettverket kan gjennomføre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -17181,12 +17174,12 @@ msgstr "" "ta ideer og tilpasse dem til sine egne lokalsamfunn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "Siyavula" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -17196,12 +17189,12 @@ msgstr "" "lærebøker og integrerte læringsopplevelser. Grunnlagt i 2012 i Sør-Afrika." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" @@ -17210,19 +17203,19 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 5. april 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Mark Horner, " "administrerende direktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -17237,7 +17230,7 @@ msgstr "" "til tolvte klasse i Sør-Afrika." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8231 #, fuzzy msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " @@ -17251,7 +17244,7 @@ msgstr "" "for å overleve og blomstre. Mark sier det hele har opptrådt veldig organisk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -17267,12 +17260,12 @@ msgstr "" "tilgjengelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8246 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -17291,7 +17284,7 @@ msgstr "" "klasse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -17306,7 +17299,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shuttleworth. Mark er utrolig stolt av å ha oppnådd dette." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -17319,12 +17312,12 @@ msgstr "" "men ikke mange nok til å møte behovet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8269 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -17343,7 +17336,7 @@ msgstr "" "engelsk. Det prosjektet ble til Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -17358,7 +17351,7 @@ msgstr "" "seks opprinnelige bøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -17385,12 +17378,12 @@ msgstr "" "trygge å dele, og fri fra juridiske tilbakeslag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -17409,7 +17402,7 @@ msgstr "" "komplisert, og lærebøker ble sjelden redigert." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8309 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -17422,7 +17415,7 @@ msgstr "" "som en uavhengig enhet, og tok eierskap over det som medlem av Shuttleworth." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -17439,7 +17432,7 @@ msgstr "" "virkelig rullet ut." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -17456,7 +17449,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette som en stor mulighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8332 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -17473,7 +17466,7 @@ msgstr "" "til dem fra alle enheter – datamaskin, nettbrett eller mobiltelefon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -17497,7 +17490,7 @@ msgstr "" "den i de åpne lærebøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -17510,7 +17503,7 @@ msgstr "" "mest bemidlede delen av markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8360 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -17527,7 +17520,7 @@ msgstr "" "utilsiktet for lavinntektselever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " @@ -17555,7 +17548,7 @@ msgstr "" "de betjente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8378 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -17572,7 +17565,7 @@ msgstr "" "er, hva prisen er, og hva som er barrierene for bruk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -17585,7 +17578,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å bli en betalende kunde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8393 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -17603,7 +17596,7 @@ msgstr "" "uten å legge til noen verdi av det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8402 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -17624,7 +17617,7 @@ msgstr "" "naturfag- og matematikkavdelingene abonnerer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8413 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -17641,7 +17634,7 @@ msgstr "" "ytelsen deres blir bedret." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -17656,12 +17649,12 @@ msgstr "" "for klassen 4 til 6 og senere for klasse 7 til 9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8433 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8430 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -17676,7 +17669,7 @@ msgstr "" "har med lærerens veiledninger og andre ressurser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -17695,7 +17688,7 @@ msgstr "" "deres være synlig på bøker distribuert til over en million elever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -17711,7 +17704,7 @@ msgstr "" "slik at andre kan modifisere og redistribuere bøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8455 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -17732,7 +17725,7 @@ msgstr "" "regjeringen nei." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -17751,7 +17744,7 @@ msgstr "" "ettersom det tillot dem å forbli uavhengige av regjeringen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -17766,7 +17759,7 @@ msgstr "" "Siyavulas ville bli valgt. Dette skremte bort mulige sponsorer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8484 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -17786,7 +17779,7 @@ msgstr "" "hans ektefelle), og fortsetter å være den modellen Siyavula bruker i dag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8495 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -17799,7 +17792,7 @@ msgstr "" "seg å være svært omstridt, og svever i uvisshet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -17815,7 +17808,7 @@ msgstr "" "Practice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -17841,12 +17834,12 @@ msgstr "" "runder noen ganger, men både han og selskapet er blitt sterkere av det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "SparkFun" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -17855,12 +17848,12 @@ msgstr "" "åpen maskinvare. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" @@ -17869,20 +17862,20 @@ msgstr "" "kopier (elektroniske salg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 29. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8554 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -17897,7 +17890,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre. Hans reaksjon var fryd." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan " @@ -17916,7 +17909,7 @@ msgstr "" "hvordan vi påvirket verden</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8561 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -17933,7 +17926,7 @@ msgstr "" "egenhånd. Å bli kopiert er en del av designet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " @@ -17960,7 +17953,7 @@ msgstr "" "annet enn produktdesign, eller hva de vanligvis vurderer som sitt åndsverk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your " @@ -17978,7 +17971,7 @@ msgstr "" "bort det sikkerhetsnettet</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " @@ -18006,7 +17999,7 @@ msgstr "" "smertefullt det er for oss, kommer det kundene til gode</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " @@ -18034,7 +18027,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8605 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent " @@ -18065,7 +18058,7 @@ msgstr "" "uteksaminert, begynte han å lage og selge sine egne produkter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8617 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " @@ -18091,7 +18084,7 @@ msgstr "" "produktene de lager." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8626 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -18108,7 +18101,7 @@ msgstr "" "av brett for videresalg under Arduinos merke." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -18124,7 +18117,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjernevirksomheten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " @@ -18141,7 +18134,7 @@ msgstr "" "til tre hundre og femti tusen videregående elever i 2020</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8648 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " @@ -18172,7 +18165,7 @@ msgstr "" "de samme lisensvilkårene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -18191,7 +18184,7 @@ msgstr "" "publikum til en konkurranse en gang i året." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -18218,7 +18211,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer meningsfylt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -18237,7 +18230,7 @@ msgstr "" "de ikke bare fokuserer på bunnlinjen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -18252,7 +18245,7 @@ msgstr "" "til nettområdet deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8701 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " @@ -18284,7 +18277,7 @@ msgstr "" "vil designe noe for å ta oss av det</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -18305,7 +18298,7 @@ msgstr "" "virkeligheten ikke riktig.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -18324,7 +18317,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, sier Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8734 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -18349,12 +18342,12 @@ msgstr "" "ord, det gjør dem til et slikt selskapet de har satt seg fore å være." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "TeachAIDS" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -18364,22 +18357,22 @@ msgstr "" "folk over hele verden om HIV og AIDS. Grunnlagt i 2005 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8760 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 24. mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" @@ -18388,7 +18381,7 @@ msgstr "" "administrerende direktør, og Shuman Ghosemajumder, styret" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -18401,7 +18394,7 @@ msgstr "" "distribuerer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8777 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -18425,7 +18418,7 @@ msgstr "" "innhold er gratis og gjort tilgjengelig under en Creative Commons-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -18462,7 +18455,7 @@ msgstr "" "av informasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8810 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " @@ -18496,7 +18489,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasset utdanning</quote>, sa Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -18507,7 +18500,7 @@ msgstr "" "også å bruke Creative Commons-lisenser på materialet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8828 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in " @@ -18550,7 +18543,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8844 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " @@ -18575,7 +18568,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>Forskning styrer alt vi gjør.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8853 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -18592,7 +18585,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpassede versjon av materialet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8862 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -18619,7 +18612,7 @@ msgstr "" "informasjon fra noen av det samme kjønn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8877 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -18648,7 +18641,7 @@ msgstr "" "denne syklusen elleve ganger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8893 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all " @@ -18701,7 +18694,7 @@ msgstr "" "start på avspilleren</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8913 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " @@ -18738,7 +18731,7 @@ msgstr "" "svært effektive modell, var å gjøre den helt gratis.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8926 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -18758,7 +18751,7 @@ msgstr "" "det pedagogiske innholdet. Alt innhold er fortsatt merket som TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " @@ -18786,7 +18779,7 @@ msgstr "" "hatt materiale for rikere land</quote>, sa Shuman." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8947 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " @@ -18823,7 +18816,7 @@ msgstr "" "sponsorat kan være til fordel for et merke i mange år framover." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " @@ -18848,7 +18841,7 @@ msgstr "" "disse initiativene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " @@ -18873,12 +18866,12 @@ msgstr "" "forutsetningene for TeachAIDS</quote>, sier Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "Tribe of Noise" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -18889,18 +18882,18 @@ msgstr "" "Nederland." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" @@ -18909,7 +18902,7 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -18926,7 +18919,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensiering, inkludert bruk av fri programvare og Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -18944,7 +18937,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensiere musikk direkte fra en rettighetshaver lett tilgjengelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered " @@ -18972,7 +18965,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sandra tidlig i 2008 å bygge en plattform." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9033 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -18987,7 +18980,7 @@ msgstr "" "musikk krever et tillitsforhold." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -19002,12 +18995,12 @@ msgstr "" "problemene de to personlig hadde erfart for å finne denne musikken." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9055 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -19028,7 +19021,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9058 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting " @@ -19084,7 +19077,7 @@ msgstr "" "Hessel, <quote>Vi kjemper fortsatt for en god sak hver eneste dag</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with " @@ -19120,7 +19113,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons. Etter Nederland fulgte oppfølgingen i Skandinavia, Belgia, og USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -19135,12 +19128,12 @@ msgstr "" "betydelig bedre avtale. Her viser de et eksempel på sin hjemmeside:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9109 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -19162,7 +19155,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9112 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -19181,7 +19174,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensen utelukke dem fra å bli rik fra salg av den sangen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -19203,7 +19196,7 @@ msgstr "" "avtale." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -19219,7 +19212,7 @@ msgstr "" "avtale." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -19232,7 +19225,7 @@ msgstr "" "musikkrepertoar enn fellesområdet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -19247,7 +19240,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre modeller som Tribe of Noise Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9156 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -19268,7 +19261,7 @@ msgstr "" "plattformen, og som virkelig engasjerer seg med dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -19286,7 +19279,7 @@ msgstr "" "lage en sang for å møte det behovet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9177 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -19309,7 +19302,7 @@ msgstr "" "under CC BY-SA, og velger andre opphavsrettsselskaper som ASCAP eller BMI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -19340,7 +19333,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette arbeidet uten rettstvister." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9206 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -19361,12 +19354,12 @@ msgstr "" "for musikk, en modell basert på tillit." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "Wikimedia-stiftelsen" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -19375,23 +19368,23 @@ msgstr "" "søsterprosjekter. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Donasjoner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 18. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" @@ -19400,12 +19393,12 @@ msgstr "" "for Community Engagement, og Stephen LaPorte, advokat" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9242 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "Nesten hver person som er på nettet vet om Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -19420,7 +19413,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasse det til hvilket som helst formål." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -19430,7 +19423,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettleksikonet, ifølge, selvfølgelig, Wikipedia-artikkelen om Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -19457,7 +19450,7 @@ msgstr "" "tusen som ikke er koblet til en bestemt organisasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -19471,7 +19464,7 @@ msgstr "" "menneskelig samarbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9279 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -19488,7 +19481,7 @@ msgstr "" "omfang." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9288 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -19511,7 +19504,7 @@ msgstr "" "redigeringer utføres hver time." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9300 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -19545,15 +19538,15 @@ msgstr "" "kontroversielle fagområder, diskusjonssider for å forklare beslutninger, og " "mye, mye mer. Wikimedia Foundations beslutning om å overlate styring av " "prosjekter til fellesskapet er veldig bevisst. <quote>Vi ser på de tingene " -"fellesskapet er flinke til, og vi ønsker å la dem gjøre disse tingene</quote>" -", fortalte Stephen oss. I stedet konsentrerer stiftelsen sin tid og " +"fellesskapet er flinke til, og vi ønsker å la dem gjøre disse tingene</" +"quote>, fortalte Stephen oss. I stedet konsentrerer stiftelsen sin tid og " "ressurser på hva fellesskapet ikke klarer like godt, som å utvikle " "programvaren som støtter nettstedenes tekniske infrastruktur. I 2015-2016 " "gikk omtrent halvparten av stiftelsens budsjett til direkte støtte til " "Wikimedias nettsteder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9324 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -19582,7 +19575,7 @@ msgstr "" "Mesteparten av tiden ønsker folk å gjøre det som er riktig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9340 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -19605,7 +19598,7 @@ msgstr "" "best for alle</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9364 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" @@ -19614,7 +19607,7 @@ msgstr "" "mistakes/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -19650,7 +19643,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>De er alle bidragsytere.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -19668,7 +19661,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer enn 77 millioner dollar fra mer enn fem millioner givere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9381 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -19687,7 +19680,7 @@ msgstr "" "verdi, så gi tilbake. Hver liten del hjelper. Med nok øyne har de rett." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9392 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -19705,7 +19698,7 @@ msgstr "" "er grunnleggende for alt fondet gjør." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -19718,7 +19711,7 @@ msgstr "" "fellesskapet deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -19732,7 +19725,7 @@ msgstr "" "oss." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -19747,12 +19740,12 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig område.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "Bibliografi" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -19763,7 +19756,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." @@ -19772,12 +19765,12 @@ msgstr "" "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." @@ -19786,7 +19779,7 @@ msgstr "" "Decisions. Oppdatert utgave. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9444 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." @@ -19795,7 +19788,7 @@ msgstr "" "Media, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -19808,7 +19801,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -19819,7 +19812,7 @@ msgstr "" "WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -19832,7 +19825,7 @@ msgstr "" "transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9467 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -19841,7 +19834,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -19860,7 +19853,7 @@ msgstr "" "democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." @@ -19869,7 +19862,7 @@ msgstr "" "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9485 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." @@ -19878,7 +19871,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9489 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." @@ -19887,7 +19880,7 @@ msgstr "" "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9492 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." @@ -19896,7 +19889,7 @@ msgstr "" "BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." @@ -19905,7 +19898,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." @@ -19914,7 +19907,7 @@ msgstr "" "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9505 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." @@ -19923,7 +19916,7 @@ msgstr "" "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9509 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -19940,7 +19933,7 @@ msgstr "" "regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -19951,7 +19944,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, og Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." @@ -19960,7 +19953,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." @@ -19969,7 +19962,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -19982,7 +19975,7 @@ msgstr "" ">." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9536 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -19995,7 +19988,7 @@ msgstr "" "Knowledge\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." @@ -20004,7 +19997,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -20015,7 +20008,7 @@ msgstr "" "Knowledge." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -20028,7 +20021,7 @@ msgstr "" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9558 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." @@ -20037,7 +20030,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." @@ -20046,7 +20039,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -20057,7 +20050,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, og Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." @@ -20066,7 +20059,7 @@ msgstr "" "med ny epolog. New York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." @@ -20075,7 +20068,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9580 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." @@ -20084,7 +20077,7 @@ msgstr "" "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." @@ -20093,7 +20086,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." @@ -20102,7 +20095,7 @@ msgstr "" "Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." @@ -20111,7 +20104,7 @@ msgstr "" "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." @@ -20120,7 +20113,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9601 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." @@ -20129,7 +20122,7 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." @@ -20138,7 +20131,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." @@ -20147,7 +20140,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." @@ -20156,7 +20149,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." @@ -20165,7 +20158,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -20176,7 +20169,7 @@ msgstr "" "news/technology-35709680\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." @@ -20185,7 +20178,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -20194,7 +20187,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." @@ -20203,7 +20196,7 @@ msgstr "" "and Giroux, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -20214,7 +20207,7 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -20225,7 +20218,7 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -20238,7 +20231,7 @@ msgstr "" "strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9657 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." @@ -20247,7 +20240,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -20262,7 +20255,7 @@ msgstr "" "(lisensiert med CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -20275,7 +20268,7 @@ msgstr "" "med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -20288,7 +20281,7 @@ msgstr "" "url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -20299,7 +20292,7 @@ msgstr "" "Business, 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -20310,14 +20303,14 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." @@ -20326,7 +20319,7 @@ msgstr "" "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." @@ -20335,7 +20328,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." @@ -20344,7 +20337,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." @@ -20353,7 +20346,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." @@ -20362,7 +20355,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." @@ -20371,7 +20364,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." @@ -20380,7 +20373,7 @@ msgstr "" "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." @@ -20389,12 +20382,12 @@ msgstr "" "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9727 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -20405,7 +20398,7 @@ msgstr "" "Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." @@ -20414,7 +20407,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9740 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." @@ -20423,7 +20416,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -20438,7 +20431,7 @@ msgstr "" "opendesignnow.org\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -20449,7 +20442,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -20460,7 +20453,7 @@ msgstr "" "NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." @@ -20469,12 +20462,12 @@ msgstr "" "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Takk til" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9770 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -20488,7 +20481,7 @@ msgstr "" "for startstøtten som fikk oss i gang med prosjektet." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -20499,7 +20492,7 @@ msgstr "" "inspirasjonen." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -20515,7 +20508,7 @@ msgstr "" "det de har gjort." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -20528,7 +20521,7 @@ msgstr "" "uvurderlige tilbakemeldinger. Ektefølt takk til dere alle." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9796 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -20621,7 +20614,7 @@ msgstr "" "Yancey Strickler." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9847 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -21287,6 +21280,9 @@ msgstr "" "Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan " "og ZeMarmot Open Movie." +#~ msgid "Mexico City" +#~ msgstr "Oslo" + #~ msgid "" #~ " <city>Mexico City</city>\n" #~ " " diff --git a/po/nl/mwcc.po b/po/nl/mwcc.po index 5bd0597..d6b09aa 100644 --- a/po/nl/mwcc.po +++ b/po/nl/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:30+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-06 12:30-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-02-04 21:35+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Nathan Follens <nathan@email.is>\n" "Language-Team: Dutch <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ msgstr "nl" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemaakt met Creative Commons" @@ -50,23 +50,23 @@ msgid "Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><copyright> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:16 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17 msgid "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:19 -msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21 +msgid "<publishername>Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas</publishername>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:20 -msgid "Mexico City" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23 +msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:22 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:60 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " @@ -94,21 +94,21 @@ msgstr "" "Licentiedetails: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:37 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 #, fuzzy #| msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "door Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:39 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 #, fuzzy #| msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons." msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017, door Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -117,14 +117,14 @@ msgstr "" "BY-SA), versie 4.0." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 msgid "" "ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " "(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:47 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com" msgid "" @@ -140,19 +140,19 @@ msgstr "Uitgever:" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:57 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Downloadable e-book available at madewith.cc" msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." msgstr "E-boek beschikbaar voor downloaden op madewith.cc" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:68 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 msgid "" "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " @@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ msgstr "" "onze crowdfunding-campagne op Kickstarter.com." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " @@ -172,51 +172,68 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:79 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 msgid "Classifications:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:83 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 msgid "(UDK) ?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:91 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:95 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#, fuzzy +msgid "" +"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " +"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . " +"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also " +"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length " +"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our " +"daily lives.</quote>" +msgstr "" +"<span id=\"anchor-4\"></span>\"Ik weet niet veel van niet-fictieve " +"journalistiek. . . De manier waarop ik aan dit soort dingen denk en wat ik " +"ermee kan doen is. . . essays zoals deze zijn momenten waarop je een helder " +"en redelijk gemiddeld iemand meer aandacht ziet tonen en dieper ziet denken " +"over allerlei soorten dingen dan de meesten van ons in ons dagelijks leven.\"" + +#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:102 #, fuzzy #| msgid "- David Foster Wallace" msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>" msgstr "- David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:107 #, fuzzy #| msgid "## Foreword" msgid "Foreword" msgstr "## Voorwoord" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " @@ -244,7 +261,7 @@ msgstr "" "zakelijke werkwijzen d.m.v. CC \"een rode haring.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " @@ -267,7 +284,7 @@ msgstr "" "einde zelf.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:126 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites " @@ -289,7 +306,7 @@ msgstr "" "hoogstwaarschijnlijk niet. Ook al wilt iemand altijd de loterij.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " @@ -314,7 +331,7 @@ msgstr "" "vruchten oogsten van het volgen van hun passies." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -324,7 +341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:150 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -335,7 +352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:159 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -347,7 +364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:168 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -360,7 +377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:180 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -373,7 +390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:191 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -383,7 +400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -394,7 +411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -406,7 +423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -414,7 +431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:224 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -425,7 +442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:233 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -441,7 +458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:247 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -453,7 +470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:257 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -465,7 +482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:267 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -475,38 +492,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:281 #, fuzzy #| msgid "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>" msgstr "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 #, fuzzy #| msgid "## Introduction" msgid "Introduction" msgstr "## Inleiding" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:287 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:291 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -520,7 +537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:303 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -530,14 +547,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:311 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:316 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -547,7 +564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:324 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -557,7 +574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:332 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -568,7 +585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:341 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -580,14 +597,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:356 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -598,7 +615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:364 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -610,7 +627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:374 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -619,7 +636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -627,7 +644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:387 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -635,7 +652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:392 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -645,33 +662,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:399 msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -683,7 +700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -696,19 +713,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -723,17 +740,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -742,12 +759,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -760,14 +777,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 msgid "" "Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of " "engagement with commons, state, and market." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -780,7 +797,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -791,7 +808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -800,28 +817,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:544 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:593 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:888 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -833,12 +850,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -847,7 +864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -859,7 +876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -869,23 +886,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:592 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -894,7 +911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -906,7 +923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -918,7 +935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -928,7 +945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -940,7 +957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources " @@ -952,12 +969,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:627 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:629 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -965,7 +982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:634 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -976,7 +993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:643 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -987,14 +1004,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:654 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:652 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -1011,23 +1028,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:679 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:686 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:688 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1035,7 +1052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:694 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1045,7 +1062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:702 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1053,12 +1070,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:714 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:707 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1069,12 +1086,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:719 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1083,7 +1100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1092,7 +1109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:728 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1103,7 +1120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1114,7 +1131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:752 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1125,7 +1142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1134,13 +1151,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:769 #, fuzzy msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "### Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1151,7 +1168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:780 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1161,7 +1178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1169,7 +1186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:787 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1182,23 +1199,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:805 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:817 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:821 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1206,7 +1223,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:814 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1219,7 +1236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1234,25 +1251,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:847 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:856 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1264,7 +1281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:889 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1272,7 +1289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:872 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1292,7 +1309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:896 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1305,14 +1322,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:912 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:908 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1326,7 +1343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1335,23 +1352,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:938 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:935 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:947 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1359,12 +1376,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:955 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:961 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1372,12 +1389,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:968 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1385,28 +1402,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:973 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:983 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1423,7 +1440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1432,7 +1449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1005 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1445,7 +1462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1022 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1460,7 +1477,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1041 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1468,7 +1485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1035 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1478,13 +1495,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 #, fuzzy msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "### Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1051 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1495,7 +1512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1071 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1503,7 +1520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1520,7 +1537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1079 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1530,14 +1547,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1087 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1549,7 +1566,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1100 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1563,7 +1580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1573,7 +1590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1581,7 +1598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1120 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1595,22 +1612,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1144 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1152 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1138 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1626,7 +1643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1162 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1634,7 +1651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1156 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1644,7 +1661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1174 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1655,7 +1672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1184 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1663,7 +1680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1676,14 +1693,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1201 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1191 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1703,7 +1720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1223 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1711,7 +1728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1213 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1725,7 +1742,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1229 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1740,7 +1757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1248 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1748,7 +1765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1243 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1760,7 +1777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1256 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1769,7 +1786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1270 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1777,14 +1794,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1279 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1263 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1799,7 +1816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1807,7 +1824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1818,14 +1835,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1301 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1309 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1836,7 +1853,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1851,7 +1868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1319 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1865,7 +1882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1875,7 +1892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1890,12 +1907,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1355 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1904,7 +1921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1361 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1914,7 +1931,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1370 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1928,7 +1945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1383 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1942,7 +1959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1950,7 +1967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1396 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1966,7 +1983,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1414 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1980,7 +1997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1427 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1995,7 +2012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -2011,7 +2028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1456 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -2020,12 +2037,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1465 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -2038,7 +2055,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1477 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2048,7 +2065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1485 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2060,7 +2077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1495 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2070,7 +2087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2079,7 +2096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1510 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2094,7 +2111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1523 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2105,7 +2122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2116,18 +2133,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 #, fuzzy msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "## Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1545 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1548 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2144,7 +2161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1564 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2156,7 +2173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1574 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2164,7 +2181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1579 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2175,7 +2192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1592 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2183,7 +2200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1588 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2196,7 +2213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1604 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2205,7 +2222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1611 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2217,7 +2234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1621 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2230,7 +2247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1633 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2240,7 +2257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1641 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2255,7 +2272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2269,7 +2286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1667 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2279,14 +2296,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1675 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2301,7 +2318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1692 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2313,7 +2330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2325,7 +2342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1712 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2333,7 +2350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1717 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2346,12 +2363,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1729 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2366,7 +2383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1746 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2374,7 +2391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2388,12 +2405,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1758 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2411,7 +2428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1775 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2426,7 +2443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1788 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2436,7 +2453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2444,26 +2461,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1808 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1823 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2484,26 +2501,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1849 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1829 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2522,12 +2539,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1863 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1855 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2544,12 +2561,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1877 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1873 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2558,7 +2575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2571,12 +2588,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1899 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2587,7 +2604,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2598,7 +2615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1912 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2615,12 +2632,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1928 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2632,12 +2649,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1940 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2651,19 +2668,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1953 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2677,7 +2694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1971 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2687,12 +2704,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1980 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2708,17 +2725,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1997 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2730,12 +2747,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2743,7 +2760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2014 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2761,7 +2778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2037 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2776,7 +2793,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2051 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2791,7 +2808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2066 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2802,12 +2819,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2818,12 +2835,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2087 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2840,7 +2857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2104 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2857,12 +2874,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2124 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2871,12 +2888,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2138 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2131 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2890,29 +2907,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2151 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2156 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2164 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2146 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2929,12 +2946,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2177 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2170 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2946,17 +2963,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2192 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2185 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2972,12 +2989,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2214 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -2986,7 +3003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2206 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -3004,12 +3021,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2227 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -3021,7 +3038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -3032,24 +3049,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2253 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2260 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2250 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -3061,12 +3078,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2276 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2266 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3084,12 +3101,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2295 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3103,7 +3120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2299 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3114,7 +3131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3123,24 +3140,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2315 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2322 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3153,17 +3170,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2337 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2344 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2340 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3187,12 +3204,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2368 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3203,12 +3220,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2382 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2385 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3217,12 +3234,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2402 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2392 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3238,22 +3255,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2409 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2417 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2421 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3269,12 +3286,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2433 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3288,17 +3305,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2447 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2452 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3312,13 +3329,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2464 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2467 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3329,12 +3346,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2477 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2480 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3347,12 +3364,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2494 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3361,7 +3378,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2501 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3375,7 +3392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2514 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3385,17 +3402,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2524 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2528 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3405,13 +3422,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2533 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2536 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3426,12 +3443,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2552 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2555 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3444,12 +3461,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2568 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2571 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3467,7 +3484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3478,12 +3495,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2602 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3500,7 +3517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2619 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3511,7 +3528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2627 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3519,7 +3536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2632 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3527,7 +3544,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3540,7 +3557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2648 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3555,7 +3572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3564,19 +3581,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3587,14 +3604,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2697 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2684 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3610,7 +3627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3624,12 +3641,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2724 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3642,22 +3659,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2739 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2732 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3671,17 +3688,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2753 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2760 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3698,22 +3715,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2772 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2777 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3731,12 +3748,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2796 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2790 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3749,12 +3766,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3768,22 +3785,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2824 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2832 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3797,7 +3814,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3805,17 +3822,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2857 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3831,12 +3848,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2864 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3849,7 +3866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3862,12 +3879,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2891 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2887 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3877,19 +3894,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2905 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2899 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3902,17 +3919,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2928 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3929,17 +3946,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2940 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2944 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3955,19 +3972,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2950 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3976,14 +3993,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2975 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2958 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3999,7 +4016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2991 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -4007,7 +4024,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -4023,7 +4040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -4035,28 +4052,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3091 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3013 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -4072,12 +4089,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3040 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3031 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4090,17 +4107,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3052 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3044 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4121,19 +4138,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3075 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3082 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3068 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4149,14 +4166,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4170,13 +4187,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 #, fuzzy msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "## Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3110 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4191,29 +4208,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3124 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3399 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3424 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3134 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4222,12 +4239,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4238,12 +4255,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3159 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3164 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4251,12 +4268,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3176 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4265,12 +4282,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3189 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4278,12 +4295,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3197 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3202 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4292,7 +4309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3209 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4300,31 +4317,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3217 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3222 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3229 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4337,7 +4354,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3250 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4352,7 +4369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3264 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4367,7 +4384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3277 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4376,7 +4393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3284 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4390,12 +4407,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4403,17 +4420,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3303 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4425,7 +4442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4435,24 +4452,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4460,38 +4477,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3595 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4923 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5489 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5815 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7330 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9000 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4507,7 +4524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4518,7 +4535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4529,7 +4546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4541,7 +4558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4552,7 +4569,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4563,7 +4580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4578,7 +4595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4594,7 +4611,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4605,7 +4622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4615,7 +4632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4629,7 +4646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4642,12 +4659,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4661,7 +4678,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4676,7 +4693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4690,7 +4707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4702,7 +4719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4713,12 +4730,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4735,7 +4752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4745,7 +4762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4756,7 +4773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4764,12 +4781,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4777,45 +4794,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4683 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4824,12 +4841,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4842,7 +4859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4857,7 +4874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4870,7 +4887,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4881,7 +4898,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4891,7 +4908,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4901,7 +4918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4918,7 +4935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4928,7 +4945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4941,7 +4958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4953,7 +4970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4963,7 +4980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4971,7 +4988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -4986,7 +5003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4997,7 +5014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -5007,7 +5024,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -5017,43 +5034,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -5066,7 +5083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -5078,7 +5095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5087,7 +5104,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5100,7 +5117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5114,7 +5131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5125,7 +5142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5137,7 +5154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5149,7 +5166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5159,7 +5176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5174,7 +5191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5186,7 +5203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5197,7 +5214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5214,7 +5231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5223,7 +5240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5234,7 +5251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5243,7 +5260,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5255,46 +5272,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5303,7 +5320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5315,7 +5332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5325,7 +5342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5334,7 +5351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5344,24 +5361,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " -"download, the" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290 -msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 -msgid "the game a massive cult following." +"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " +"cult following." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5376,7 +5384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5384,7 +5392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5393,7 +5401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5409,7 +5417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5417,7 +5425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5426,7 +5434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5437,7 +5445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5452,7 +5460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5462,7 +5470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5471,7 +5479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5486,7 +5494,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5499,7 +5507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5512,7 +5520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5522,7 +5530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5533,7 +5541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5543,7 +5551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5552,12 +5560,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5565,12 +5573,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5578,13 +5586,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5595,7 +5603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5605,7 +5613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5626,7 +5634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5641,7 +5649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5655,7 +5663,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5667,12 +5675,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5689,7 +5697,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5703,7 +5711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5713,7 +5721,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5724,7 +5732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5736,7 +5744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5747,7 +5755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5757,7 +5765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5769,7 +5777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5779,7 +5787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5787,7 +5795,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5797,38 +5805,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5839,7 +5847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5847,7 +5855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5859,7 +5867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5867,7 +5875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5885,7 +5893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5901,7 +5909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5913,7 +5921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5925,7 +5933,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5940,7 +5948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5950,7 +5958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5960,7 +5968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5977,7 +5985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5993,7 +6001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -6009,7 +6017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -6022,7 +6030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -6035,7 +6043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -6048,7 +6056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -6061,7 +6069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -6071,17 +6079,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6089,29 +6097,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6124,7 +6132,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6132,7 +6140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6143,7 +6151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6152,7 +6160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6160,7 +6168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6171,7 +6179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6181,7 +6189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6190,7 +6198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6200,7 +6208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6209,7 +6217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6222,7 +6230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6234,7 +6242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6247,7 +6255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 msgid "" "research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " "Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " @@ -6255,7 +6263,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4757 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6267,7 +6275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4767 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6279,7 +6287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4777 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6293,7 +6301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6305,7 +6313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4800 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6316,21 +6324,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4808 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6344,7 +6352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6357,12 +6365,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4830 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6376,7 +6384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4841 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6386,7 +6394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6401,12 +6409,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4867 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6414,37 +6422,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6465,7 +6473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4906 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6478,7 +6486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4917 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6493,7 +6501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4931 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6511,14 +6519,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4957 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4948 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6536,7 +6544,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4964 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6551,7 +6559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4977 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6571,7 +6579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6580,7 +6588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5002 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6597,7 +6605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5018 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6612,12 +6620,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5032 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6627,12 +6635,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6641,7 +6649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6650,7 +6658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6664,7 +6672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5064 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6676,7 +6684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5074 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6691,7 +6699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5088 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6702,7 +6710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6710,7 +6718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6718,7 +6726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5110 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6731,7 +6739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5121 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6740,7 +6748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5128 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6752,7 +6760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5137 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6760,7 +6768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "" "users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " "use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " @@ -6768,12 +6776,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6781,30 +6789,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5172 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6821,7 +6829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6830,7 +6838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6839,7 +6847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6857,7 +6865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6868,7 +6876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6879,7 +6887,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6889,7 +6897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5244 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6902,35 +6910,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5280 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6939,7 +6947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5289 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6947,12 +6955,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5299 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6961,7 +6969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6973,14 +6981,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5315 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6994,7 +7002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5325 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -7007,7 +7015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5337 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -7023,7 +7031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -7031,7 +7039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5358 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -7043,7 +7051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5368 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7051,7 +7059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7059,7 +7067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7071,13 +7079,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5389 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7090,7 +7098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5399 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7102,7 +7110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7112,7 +7120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7126,14 +7134,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5435 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7146,7 +7154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5446 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7159,48 +7167,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7224,7 +7232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5505 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7236,7 +7244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7247,7 +7255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7257,7 +7265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5532 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7272,33 +7280,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5554 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7308,7 +7316,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7318,7 +7326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7327,7 +7335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5596 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7338,7 +7346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7356,7 +7364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7369,7 +7377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5633 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7382,7 +7390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7392,7 +7400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5652 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7405,7 +7413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7415,7 +7423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5671 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7429,7 +7437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5684 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7441,7 +7449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7453,7 +7461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5704 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7464,7 +7472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5713 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7477,7 +7485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5724 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7488,7 +7496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7497,7 +7505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5739 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7510,7 +7518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7522,26 +7530,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5771 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7549,12 +7557,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5784 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7568,7 +7576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5796 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7581,7 +7589,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7590,7 +7598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5814 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7602,7 +7610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5824 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7619,7 +7627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5840 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7630,7 +7638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5849 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7641,7 +7649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5858 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7652,7 +7660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7664,7 +7672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7674,7 +7682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5884 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7686,7 +7694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5894 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7700,7 +7708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5906 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7714,7 +7722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 msgid "" "or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find " "that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that " @@ -7722,7 +7730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7731,7 +7739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5931 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7745,7 +7753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5943 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7756,7 +7764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5952 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7766,7 +7774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5959 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7776,7 +7784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7784,12 +7792,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7797,30 +7805,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7828,7 +7836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7839,7 +7847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7849,7 +7857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7859,14 +7867,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6026 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7878,7 +7886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7888,7 +7896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6043 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7899,7 +7907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6052 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7908,7 +7916,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6059 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7923,7 +7931,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6073 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7936,7 +7944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7946,7 +7954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6091 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7962,7 +7970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7977,7 +7985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7985,7 +7993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7998,14 +8006,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6491 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -8014,7 +8022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -8023,7 +8031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6147 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -8038,7 +8046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6161 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -8048,7 +8056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8057,7 +8065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6174 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8068,7 +8076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6183 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8077,7 +8085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8089,7 +8097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8098,7 +8106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6207 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8110,7 +8118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8122,12 +8130,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8135,31 +8143,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8171,7 +8179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6261 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8185,7 +8193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8195,38 +8203,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8237,7 +8245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8247,7 +8255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8257,7 +8265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8267,19 +8275,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6353 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8294,7 +8302,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6356 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8309,7 +8317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6370 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8320,7 +8328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8330,7 +8338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6387 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8341,13 +8349,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8355,7 +8363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6410 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8365,7 +8373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6419 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8374,7 +8382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6428 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8385,7 +8393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8398,14 +8406,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6451 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8413,7 +8421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6455 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8424,12 +8432,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8440,7 +8448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8449,7 +8457,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6478 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8458,7 +8466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6485 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8477,7 +8485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8485,7 +8493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8494,46 +8502,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6548 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8541,32 +8549,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6946 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8575,7 +8583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6579 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8593,7 +8601,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6596 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8602,7 +8610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6603 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8615,7 +8623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6614 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8625,7 +8633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8633,7 +8641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8643,12 +8651,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6634 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8657,7 +8665,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6641 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8666,7 +8674,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8678,12 +8686,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8696,7 +8704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8704,14 +8712,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8719,14 +8727,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8734,7 +8742,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8743,14 +8751,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6708 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8759,24 +8767,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6732 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8789,34 +8797,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6745 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8824,7 +8832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8834,7 +8842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6786 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8845,7 +8853,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8855,7 +8863,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8865,12 +8873,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8882,7 +8890,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8892,29 +8900,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8922,28 +8930,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6855 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6862 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6875 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8956,7 +8964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6886 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8966,7 +8974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8974,12 +8982,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8987,31 +8995,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6910 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6914 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -9025,7 +9033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -9038,7 +9046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6948 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -9052,14 +9060,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6966 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9072,7 +9080,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6970 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9083,7 +9091,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9093,7 +9101,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6987 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9102,12 +9110,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6998 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6994 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9117,7 +9125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9126,7 +9134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7007 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9139,7 +9147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9151,7 +9159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9163,7 +9171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7038 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9176,7 +9184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9186,7 +9194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9198,7 +9206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7068 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9213,7 +9221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9224,7 +9232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9238,7 +9246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7102 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9257,7 +9265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9269,7 +9277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9281,7 +9289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9293,34 +9301,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7150 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7178 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9329,7 +9337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9338,7 +9346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9348,7 +9356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7202 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9361,22 +9369,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7215 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7222 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9385,12 +9393,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9398,7 +9406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9407,7 +9415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7243 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9416,7 +9424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7250 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9427,7 +9435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7259 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9443,7 +9451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7273 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9456,7 +9464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7284 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9470,7 +9478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7296 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9484,7 +9492,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7308 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9503,7 +9511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9513,7 +9521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9525,7 +9533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7344 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9539,7 +9547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7356 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9551,7 +9559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9562,7 +9570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9574,7 +9582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7384 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9586,7 +9594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9597,7 +9605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9609,7 +9617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7411 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9624,7 +9632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9636,7 +9644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9648,12 +9656,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9661,30 +9669,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7469 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9700,7 +9708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7483 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9714,7 +9722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7494 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9728,7 +9736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9742,7 +9750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7518 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9756,7 +9764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7530 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9768,7 +9776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9776,7 +9784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7545 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9794,7 +9802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9805,7 +9813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9813,7 +9821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9824,7 +9832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9833,7 +9841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7590 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9844,7 +9852,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9854,7 +9862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7607 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9878,7 +9886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9886,7 +9894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9895,7 +9903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9909,7 +9917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7655 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9918,7 +9926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9936,7 +9944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9948,17 +9956,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9974,7 +9982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9986,7 +9994,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9998,7 +10006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -10006,24 +10014,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7729 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7738 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -10031,19 +10039,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7742 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7753 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10060,7 +10068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7769 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10076,7 +10084,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7783 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10087,12 +10095,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7794 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7792 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10108,7 +10116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7806 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10122,7 +10130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10137,7 +10145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7833 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10150,7 +10158,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7844 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10166,7 +10174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10177,7 +10185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7867 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10192,12 +10200,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10208,7 +10216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7890 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10221,7 +10229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7901 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10230,7 +10238,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10243,14 +10251,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7928 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7919 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10264,7 +10272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7932 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10273,14 +10281,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10298,7 +10306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10306,7 +10314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7956 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10317,7 +10325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7965 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10332,7 +10340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7978 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10352,42 +10360,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8021 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10400,7 +10408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8032 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10414,7 +10422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10425,7 +10433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8054 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10438,7 +10446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8065 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10451,7 +10459,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8077 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10464,7 +10472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8089 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10480,7 +10488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8104 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10496,7 +10504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10508,7 +10516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8129 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10517,7 +10525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10529,7 +10537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10543,7 +10551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10555,7 +10563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8169 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10565,7 +10573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8176 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10583,7 +10591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10592,12 +10600,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10605,29 +10613,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10637,7 +10645,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8231 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10646,7 +10654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10656,12 +10664,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8246 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10673,7 +10681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10683,7 +10691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10692,12 +10700,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8269 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10709,7 +10717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10719,7 +10727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10735,12 +10743,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10752,7 +10760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8309 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10761,7 +10769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10772,7 +10780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10783,7 +10791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8332 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10794,7 +10802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10808,7 +10816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10817,7 +10825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8360 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10828,7 +10836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10840,7 +10848,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8378 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10851,7 +10859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10860,7 +10868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8393 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10871,7 +10879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8402 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10884,7 +10892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8413 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10895,7 +10903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10905,12 +10913,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8433 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8430 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10920,7 +10928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10932,7 +10940,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10943,7 +10951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8455 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10956,7 +10964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10968,7 +10976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10978,7 +10986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8484 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10991,7 +10999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8495 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -11000,7 +11008,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -11010,7 +11018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -11026,42 +11034,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11071,7 +11079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11080,7 +11088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8561 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11091,7 +11099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11103,7 +11111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11112,7 +11120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11124,7 +11132,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11136,7 +11144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8605 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11149,7 +11157,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8617 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11160,7 +11168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8626 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11171,7 +11179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11181,7 +11189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11190,7 +11198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8648 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11203,7 +11211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11215,7 +11223,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11231,7 +11239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11243,7 +11251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11253,7 +11261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8701 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11267,7 +11275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11280,7 +11288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11292,7 +11300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8734 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11307,12 +11315,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11320,29 +11328,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8760 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11351,7 +11359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8777 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11366,7 +11374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11387,7 +11395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8810 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11401,7 +11409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11409,7 +11417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9323 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8828 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11426,7 +11434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8844 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11437,7 +11445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8853 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11448,7 +11456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8862 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11464,7 +11472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8877 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11481,7 +11489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8893 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11501,7 +11509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8913 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11516,7 +11524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8926 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11529,7 +11537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11541,7 +11549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8947 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11556,7 +11564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11567,7 +11575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11578,12 +11586,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11591,24 +11599,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11619,7 +11627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11631,7 +11639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11643,7 +11651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9033 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11653,7 +11661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11663,12 +11671,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9055 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11681,7 +11689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9058 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11702,7 +11710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11717,7 +11725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11727,12 +11735,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9109 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11745,7 +11753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9112 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11757,7 +11765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11770,7 +11778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11780,7 +11788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11789,7 +11797,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11799,7 +11807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9156 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11812,7 +11820,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11823,7 +11831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9177 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11837,7 +11845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11855,7 +11863,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9206 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11868,46 +11876,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9242 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11917,7 +11925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11925,7 +11933,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11941,7 +11949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11950,7 +11958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9279 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11961,7 +11969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9288 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11975,7 +11983,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9300 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11998,7 +12006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9324 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -12015,7 +12023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9340 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -12029,14 +12037,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9364 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12056,7 +12064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12068,7 +12076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9381 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12080,7 +12088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9392 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12092,7 +12100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12101,7 +12109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12110,7 +12118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12120,12 +12128,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12133,33 +12141,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9444 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12168,7 +12176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12176,7 +12184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12185,14 +12193,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9467 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12204,56 +12212,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9485 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9489 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9492 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9505 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9509 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12264,7 +12272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12272,21 +12280,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12295,7 +12303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9536 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12304,14 +12312,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12319,7 +12327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12328,21 +12336,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9558 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12350,91 +12358,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9580 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9601 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12442,28 +12450,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12471,7 +12479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12479,7 +12487,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12488,14 +12496,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9657 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12505,7 +12513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12514,7 +12522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12523,7 +12531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12531,7 +12539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12539,74 +12547,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9727 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12614,21 +12622,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9740 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12638,7 +12646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12646,7 +12654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12654,19 +12662,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9770 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12676,7 +12684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12684,7 +12692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12694,7 +12702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12703,7 +12711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9796 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12752,7 +12760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9847 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -13087,22 +13095,6 @@ msgid "" "ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" -#, fuzzy -#~ msgid "" -#~ "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " -#~ "that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . " -#~ "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but " -#~ "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more " -#~ "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance " -#~ "to in our daily lives.</quote>" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "<span id=\"anchor-4\"></span>\"Ik weet niet veel van niet-fictieve " -#~ "journalistiek. . . De manier waarop ik aan dit soort dingen denk en wat " -#~ "ik ermee kan doen is. . . essays zoals deze zijn momenten waarop je een " -#~ "helder en redelijk gemiddeld iemand meer aandacht ziet tonen en dieper " -#~ "ziet denken over allerlei soorten dingen dan de meesten van ons in ons " -#~ "dagelijks leven.\"" - #~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" #~ msgstr "Gemaakt met Creative Commons" -- 2.47.2