From: Gunnar Wolf Date: Mon, 31 Jul 2017 18:06:36 +0000 (-0500) Subject: Merge branch 'weblate' X-Git-Tag: es-printed~751 X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/commitdiff_plain/a248bf63d03251964b5e5bbb43b62f257de1be05?hp=4f62cd9757901666bbd081ef24360c68dad3d79f Merge branch 'weblate' --- diff --git a/fixup.rb b/fixup.rb index 673ea46..595a8c8 100644 --- a/fixup.rb +++ b/fixup.rb @@ -153,7 +153,9 @@ end # Join erroneously split paragraphs -['to the values symbolized by', +['content and, in turn, spend money and', + 'still other', + 'to the values symbolized by', 'the kinds of participative communities that drive open', 'At a minimum, a CC-', 'easier to trust a', diff --git a/po/es/mwcc.po b/po/es/mwcc.po index 9afdd80..c9c0fbb 100644 --- a/po/es/mwcc.po +++ b/po/es/mwcc.po @@ -3749,7 +3749,7 @@ msgstr "" "de promoción." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1580 #, fuzzy msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " @@ -3762,7 +3762,8 @@ msgid "" "physical copies, which makes them much more attractive to students who then " "demand them from their universities. They also partner with service " "providers who build atop the CC-licensed content and, in turn, spend money " -"and" +"and resources marketing those services (and by extension, the OpenStax " +"textbooks)." msgstr "" "En algunos casos, lo semprendimientos que están Hechos con Creative Commons " "ni siquiera necesitan tener equipos dedicados a la publicidad o tener " @@ -3859,7 +3860,7 @@ msgstr "" "consumiendo algo creado por otro.25" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1617 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " @@ -3916,7 +3917,7 @@ msgid "### Making Money" msgstr "### Hacer dinero" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1648 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " @@ -3928,7 +3929,9 @@ msgid "" "operates.28 But in many cases, the revenue streams used by endeavors that " "are Made with Creative Commons are directly tied to the value they generate, " "where the recipient is paying for the value they receive like any standard " -"market transaction. In still other" +"market transaction. In still other cases, rather than the quid pro quo " +"exchange of money for value that typically drives market transactions, the " +"recipient gives money out of a sense of reciprocity." msgstr "" "Como cualquier emprendimiento que busca hacer dinero, aquellos que están " "Hechos con Creative Commons tienen que generar algún tipo de valor para su " @@ -4015,7 +4018,7 @@ msgstr "" "añadido que uno le provee al producto.31" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1686 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -4032,7 +4035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1695 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -4045,7 +4048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1702 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -4056,7 +4059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1707 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -4065,24 +4068,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1709 msgid "service." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1711 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1713 msgid "" "#### Providing a custom service to consumers of your work * \\[MARKET-BASED" "\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1722 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -4094,12 +4097,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1724 msgid "#### Charging for the physical copy * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1745 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -4123,12 +4126,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1747 msgid "#### Charging for the in-person version * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1755 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -4139,12 +4142,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1757 msgid "#### Selling merchandise * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1762 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -4153,7 +4156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1773 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -4168,12 +4171,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1775 msgid "#### Charging advertisers or sponsors * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1786 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -4188,12 +4191,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1788 msgid "#### Charging your content creators * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1798 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -4207,12 +4210,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1800 msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1810 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.39 Curation is an important element of this " @@ -4225,12 +4228,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1812 msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1819 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -4241,12 +4244,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1821 msgid "#### Licensing a trademark* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1830 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -4264,7 +4267,7 @@ msgid "#### Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "#### Flujos de ganancia basados en el mercado" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1837 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -4273,7 +4276,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1847 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -4287,7 +4290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1853 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -4297,7 +4300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1858 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.40 We almost can’t help but think of " @@ -4306,12 +4309,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1860 msgid "#### Memberships and individual donations *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1872 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -4326,12 +4329,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1874 msgid "#### The pay-what-you-want model *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1884 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -4344,12 +4347,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1886 msgid "#### Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1901 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -4367,7 +4370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1908 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -4378,12 +4381,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1910 msgid "### Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1923 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We " @@ -4400,7 +4403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1930 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -4410,7 +4413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1934 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -4418,7 +4421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1938 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -4426,7 +4429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1947 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -4439,7 +4442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1959 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -4454,7 +4457,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1964 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -4463,12 +4466,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1966 msgid "#### Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1973 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.42 But the further removed we are from the person with whom " @@ -4479,7 +4482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1985 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -4494,7 +4497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1995 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "“brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda Palmer says, " @@ -4508,7 +4511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2004 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -4520,12 +4523,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2006 msgid "#### Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2016 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -4538,7 +4541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2020 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -4546,7 +4549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2030 msgid "" "avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that cultivates healthy " "collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then " @@ -4559,12 +4562,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2032 msgid "#### Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2045 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows this " @@ -4581,7 +4584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2054 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that assume " @@ -4594,7 +4597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2064 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -4608,12 +4611,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2066 msgid "#### Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2075 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 Even if you " @@ -4625,7 +4628,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2080 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -4633,7 +4636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2092 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -4648,12 +4651,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2094 msgid "#### State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2104 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -4666,7 +4669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2113 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -4679,7 +4682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2119 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -4688,7 +4691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2121 msgid "#### Build a community" msgstr "" @@ -4714,7 +4717,7 @@ msgstr "" "y son atraídos para los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2143 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -4729,7 +4732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2155 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to " @@ -4744,19 +4747,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2159 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2161 msgid "#### Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2172 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -4771,7 +4774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2184 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -4787,7 +4790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2192 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -4799,12 +4802,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2194 msgid "#### Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2205 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent.66 But to " @@ -4818,12 +4821,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2207 msgid "commitment.68" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2216 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4835,7 +4838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2233 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4855,7 +4858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2244 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4869,7 +4872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2253 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4887,7 +4890,7 @@ msgid "#### Notes" msgstr "#### Notas" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at " @@ -4895,19 +4898,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -4915,33 +4918,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '7. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '8. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 #, no-wrap msgid "" "9. Anderson, Makers, 66.\n" @@ -5036,7 +5039,7 @@ msgid "## The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "## El nacimiento de Creative Commons" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -5063,12 +5066,12 @@ msgstr "" "registradas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "A continuación se presentan las seis licencias:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2379 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -5082,7 +5085,7 @@ msgstr "" "y uso de los materiales licenciados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2386 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -5100,7 +5103,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo derivado también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2390 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -5111,7 +5114,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin modificaciones, y le den crédito como autor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2395 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -5125,7 +5128,7 @@ msgstr "" "estos mismos términos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -5137,7 +5140,7 @@ msgstr "" "creaciones bajo los mismos términos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2404 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -5150,7 +5153,7 @@ msgstr "" "posibilidad de modificarla de ninguna manera o utilizarla comercialmente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2409 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -5162,7 +5165,7 @@ msgstr "" "cuyos plazos de derechos de autor han expirado:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2412 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)." @@ -5171,7 +5174,7 @@ msgstr "" "al dominio público en todo el mundo (”ningún derecho reservado”)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2416 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." @@ -5181,7 +5184,7 @@ msgstr "" "derecho autoral." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2425 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -5203,7 +5206,7 @@ msgstr "" "digital, amplifican su involucramiento y compromiso de compartir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2437 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -5229,7 +5232,7 @@ msgstr "" "largometraje, o evitar que otra compañía venda copias físicas del mismo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2449 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -5255,7 +5258,7 @@ msgstr "" "distribuidora descubra su trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2454 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -5269,7 +5272,7 @@ msgstr "" "médicos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2464 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -5293,12 +5296,12 @@ msgstr "" "entre distintos dominios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2466 msgid "Note" msgstr "Notas" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2470 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share " @@ -5310,7 +5313,7 @@ msgstr "" "Your Work” en" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2472 msgid "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/." msgstr "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/." @@ -5325,7 +5328,7 @@ msgid "# The Case Studies" msgstr "# Los estudios de caso" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2484 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -5345,7 +5348,7 @@ msgstr "" "por nosotros." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2490 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -5365,7 +5368,7 @@ msgid "## Arduino" msgstr "## Arduino" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2495 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." @@ -5374,12 +5377,12 @@ msgstr "" "hardware y software con fines de lucro. Fundada en Italia en 2005." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2497 msgid "www.arduino.cc" msgstr "www.arduino.cc" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2501 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, " "shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to " @@ -5390,36 +5393,36 @@ msgstr "" "por aquellos que quieren vender productos Arduino utilizando su nombre)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3186 msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 4 de febrero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505 msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "Entrevistados: David Cuartielles y Tom Igoe, cofundadores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2509 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3192 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3547 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3752 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3992 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4229 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4639 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4851 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5078 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5316 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5751 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5996 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6385 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7027 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2519 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -5447,7 +5450,7 @@ msgstr "" "software bajo la Licencia Pública General (GPL) de GNU." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2527 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -5465,7 +5468,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer artes visuales)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2534 msgid "" "“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. " "Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of " @@ -5482,7 +5485,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo que pensamos siquiera en construir.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2543 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -5501,7 +5504,7 @@ msgstr "" "de Tom, ”abrir las fuentes facilita confiar en un producto.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2550 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -5518,7 +5521,7 @@ msgstr "" "se invirtieron en sostener y mejorar a Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2557 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -5533,7 +5536,7 @@ msgstr "" "cliente lo hace a uno más confiado y convincente al vender el producto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2569 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -5559,7 +5562,7 @@ msgstr "" "vendido a un precio razonable, la gente lo comprará." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2582 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -5588,7 +5591,7 @@ msgstr "" "accesible, útil tanto para novatos como para expertos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2589 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -5605,7 +5608,7 @@ msgstr "" "altos para sostener el negocio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2595 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -5620,7 +5623,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir las cosas bajo un modelo abierto únicamente le ayudará.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2605 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -5643,7 +5646,7 @@ msgstr "" "asegurar que la mueva versión es igualmente libre y abierta." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2615 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -5665,7 +5668,7 @@ msgstr "" "incorpora en sus nuevos productos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2624 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -5687,7 +5690,7 @@ msgstr "" "tarjeta para darle mayor funcionalidad), y kits.1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2635 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -5711,7 +5714,7 @@ msgstr "" "problemas de la gente. La comunidad creció orgánicamente desde ese punto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2645 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -5735,7 +5738,7 @@ msgstr "" "no sufre por copias de mala calidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2653 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -5754,7 +5757,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación de ganancias para Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2660 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -5772,7 +5775,7 @@ msgstr "" "herramienta crítica para Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2673 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -5799,7 +5802,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficiales y aquellas que son clones, derivados, compatibles, y falsificados.2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2679 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -5815,7 +5818,7 @@ msgstr "" "cosas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2685 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the " @@ -5831,7 +5834,7 @@ msgstr "" "alfabetización que todos debieran aprender.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2689 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -5842,28 +5845,28 @@ msgstr "" "precios, y bueno para la manufactura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2693 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3731 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3971 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4208 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4830 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5055 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5294 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5541 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5974 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6202 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6643 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7208 msgid "Web links" msgstr "Vínculos Web" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694 msgid "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products" msgstr "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694 msgid "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/" msgstr "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/" @@ -5873,7 +5876,7 @@ msgid "## Ártica" msgstr "## Ártica" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2700 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -5884,41 +5887,41 @@ msgstr "" "colaboración en las artes y la cultura. Fundada en 2011 en Uruguay." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2702 msgid "www.articaonline.com" msgstr "www.articaonline.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2704 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services" msgstr "Modelo de ganancia: cobrar por servicios personalizados" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2706 msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 9 de marzo de 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2708 msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "Entravistados: Mariana Fossatti y Jorge Gemetto, cofundadores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2712 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2862 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3017 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3358 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4470 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5558 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6226 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6663 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6841 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7227 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2715 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -5931,12 +5934,12 @@ msgstr "" "que ellos construyeron por sí mismos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2717 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "El trabajo de sus sueños no existía, así que lo crearon." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2727 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -5958,7 +5961,7 @@ msgstr "" "crean proyectos artísticos y culturales en la Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2738 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -5984,7 +5987,7 @@ msgstr "" "intermediarios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -6004,7 +6007,7 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2754 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -6022,7 +6025,7 @@ msgstr "" "especializados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2760 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -6038,7 +6041,7 @@ msgstr "" "individuales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2766 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -6053,7 +6056,7 @@ msgstr "" "les lleva a algo nuevo, cada nuevo recurso que crean abre nuevas puertas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2780 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -6083,7 +6086,7 @@ msgstr "" "un acuerdo justo y ético.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2786 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -6099,7 +6102,7 @@ msgstr "" "oportunidades para su negocio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2795 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -6119,7 +6122,7 @@ msgstr "" "complejo en el futuro, como un curso o un libro.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2803 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to " @@ -6137,7 +6140,7 @@ msgstr "" "importante como el producto final." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2809 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the " "educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to " @@ -6152,7 +6155,7 @@ msgstr "" "importante son las relaciones.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2813 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -6163,7 +6166,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir sus conocimientos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2824 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is " "not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a " @@ -6189,7 +6192,7 @@ msgstr "" "cultura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2832 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. " "Human resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -6206,7 +6209,7 @@ msgstr "" "eficiente y sostenible, y por esto, es un éxito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2838 msgid "" "“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is " "easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and " @@ -6221,7 +6224,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacerlo de forma sostenible y colaborativa." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2844 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -6241,7 +6244,7 @@ msgid "## Blender Institute" msgstr "## Blender Institute" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2849 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." @@ -6250,12 +6253,12 @@ msgstr "" "utilizando el software Blender. Fundado en 2006 en los Países Bajos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2851 msgid "www.blender.org" msgstr "www.blender.org" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2854 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical " "copies, selling merchandise" @@ -6264,17 +6267,17 @@ msgstr "" "copias físicas, venta de mercancía" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2856 msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 8 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2858 msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator" msgstr "Entrevistado: Francesco Siddi, coordinador de producción" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2869 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -6295,7 +6298,7 @@ msgstr "" "Blender y a su comunidad de maneras concretas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2878 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -6316,7 +6319,7 @@ msgstr "" "en conjunto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2884 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -6329,7 +6332,7 @@ msgstr "" "contenido empleando tus propias herramientas, no estás haciendo nada.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2894 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -6351,7 +6354,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo la Licencia Pública General GNU." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2904 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -6375,7 +6378,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad de desarrolladores para que el proyecto pudiera vivir.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2911 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software " @@ -6391,7 +6394,7 @@ msgstr "" "administrar al desarrollo y mantenimiento de software." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2920 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -6412,7 +6415,7 @@ msgstr "" "programa Blender." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2929 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2927 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -6430,7 +6433,7 @@ msgstr "" "creerlo.'”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2933 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -6445,7 +6448,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus caracteres animados fueron recogidos por vendedores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2944 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -6470,7 +6473,7 @@ msgstr "" "limitantes presupuestales.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2952 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -6488,7 +6491,7 @@ msgstr "" "comprende el beneficio de estos proyectos,” dice Francesco." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2959 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -6505,7 +6508,7 @@ msgstr "" "entonces termina. Eso es un problema.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2973 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -6535,7 +6538,7 @@ msgstr "" "otros materiales utilizados en varios proyectos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2978 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -6548,7 +6551,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuesra libertad,” nos dice, ”y para los artistas, la libertad lo es todo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2985 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -6566,7 +6569,7 @@ msgstr "" "productos Blender." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2990 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -6579,7 +6582,7 @@ msgstr "" "abierto. Vender una licencia nunca fue parte de su modelo de negocios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2998 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -6598,44 +6601,44 @@ msgstr "" "presupuesto reproducir lo que hiciste”, dijo Ton." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3000 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "Para Ton y Blender, a fin de cuentas todo se trata de hacer." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3002 msgid "## Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3005 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3007 msgid "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3009 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3011 msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3013 msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3020 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell " @@ -6643,7 +6646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3028 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -6655,7 +6658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3034 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -6665,7 +6668,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -6674,7 +6677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3045 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -6684,7 +6687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -6692,7 +6695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3061 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -6707,7 +6710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3065 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -6715,7 +6718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3070 msgid "" "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the " "game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is " @@ -6724,7 +6727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3082 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -6740,7 +6743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3086 msgid "" "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were " "going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with it. " @@ -6748,7 +6751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3091 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -6757,7 +6760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3098 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little " "subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One " @@ -6768,7 +6771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3109 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -6783,7 +6786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3116 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -6793,7 +6796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3121 msgid "" "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -6802,7 +6805,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3132 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -6817,7 +6820,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3140 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -6829,7 +6832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3149 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -6842,7 +6845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3155 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -6852,7 +6855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3162 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various charities " "and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other " @@ -6863,7 +6866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3168 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -6873,7 +6876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3173 msgid "" "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max " "said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best " @@ -6882,12 +6885,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3175 msgid "## The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3179 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -6895,24 +6898,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3181 msgid "theconversation.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3184 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership fees " "to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3188 msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3198 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -6923,7 +6926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -6933,7 +6936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3222 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -6954,7 +6957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3233 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -6969,7 +6972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3244 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -6983,7 +6986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3253 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -6995,7 +6998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3266 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -7011,7 +7014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3277 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -7025,7 +7028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3284 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has grown " @@ -7035,7 +7038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3292 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -7046,7 +7049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3301 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -7058,7 +7061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3308 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -7069,7 +7072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3314 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -7079,7 +7082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3322 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -7091,7 +7094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3328 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -7101,7 +7104,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3332 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -7109,7 +7112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3338 msgid "" "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " "represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed " @@ -7119,49 +7122,49 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3342 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4451 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5732 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7376 msgid "Web link" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3342 msgid "theconversation.com/us/charter" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3344 msgid "## Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3347 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3349 msgid "craphound.com and boingboing.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3352 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, " "selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3354 msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3363 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is " "not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has " @@ -7172,7 +7175,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3367 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -7180,7 +7183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3376 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -7192,7 +7195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3380 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -7200,7 +7203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -7218,7 +7221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3406 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -7233,7 +7236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3414 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -7245,7 +7248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3422 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -7257,7 +7260,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3433 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -7271,7 +7274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3439 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -7281,7 +7284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3446 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -7291,7 +7294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3459 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes " @@ -7307,7 +7310,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3472 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -7323,7 +7326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3484 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -7339,7 +7342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3493 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -7351,7 +7354,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3502 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -7364,7 +7367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3511 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -7377,7 +7380,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3520 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -7390,7 +7393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3526 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -7400,17 +7403,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3528 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3530 msgid "## Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3535 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -7418,27 +7421,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3537 msgid "figshare.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3539 msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3541 msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3543 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3554 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -7451,7 +7454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3558 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -7459,7 +7462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3566 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -7470,7 +7473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3572 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -7479,7 +7482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -7487,7 +7490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3583 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -7498,7 +7501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3589 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -7508,7 +7511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3594 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -7517,7 +7520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3601 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -7527,7 +7530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3607 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -7536,7 +7539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3617 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -7549,7 +7552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3625 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -7561,7 +7564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3637 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -7577,7 +7580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3645 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -7589,7 +7592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3653 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -7601,7 +7604,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3664 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -7615,7 +7618,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3672 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -7627,7 +7630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3679 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -7638,7 +7641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3688 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -7651,7 +7654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3698 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -7664,7 +7667,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3708 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -7677,7 +7680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3715 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -7687,7 +7690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3727 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -7702,60 +7705,60 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3733 msgid "" "figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK" "\\_universities/1186832" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3733 msgid "" "retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?" "year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3733 msgid "figshare.com/features" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 msgid "## Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3739 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New Zealand." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3741 msgid "figure.nz" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3744 msgid "" "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, " "sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3746 msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3748 msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3767 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace " @@ -7775,7 +7778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -7788,7 +7791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3788 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -7803,7 +7806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3803 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -7821,7 +7824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3817 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -7838,7 +7841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3828 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -7853,7 +7856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3845 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -7873,7 +7876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3850 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -7882,7 +7885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3863 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -7899,7 +7902,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3874 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -7914,7 +7917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3880 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -7924,7 +7927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3884 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.4 Patrons donate to topic areas they care about, " "directly enabling Figure.NZ to get data together to flesh out those areas. " @@ -7932,7 +7935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3889 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -7941,7 +7944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3899 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -7955,7 +7958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3908 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -7967,7 +7970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3920 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -7982,7 +7985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3928 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We " @@ -7993,7 +7996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3932 msgid "" "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -8001,7 +8004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3936 msgid "" "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -8009,7 +8012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3946 msgid "" "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -8022,7 +8025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3952 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -8031,7 +8034,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3960 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze " "what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -8042,7 +8045,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3967 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -8052,35 +8055,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974 msgid "" "www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF\\_harness-the-power.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974 msgid "" "www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-" "government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974 msgid "figure.nz/business/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974 msgid "figure.nz/patrons/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 msgid "## Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3980 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -8088,27 +8091,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3982 msgid "knowledgeunlatched.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3984 msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3986 msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3988 msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4004 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -8125,7 +8128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4009 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -8134,7 +8137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4014 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -8143,7 +8146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4028 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -8161,7 +8164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4035 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -8172,7 +8175,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4042 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -8183,7 +8186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4049 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -8193,7 +8196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4058 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -8206,35 +8209,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4061 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -8243,7 +8246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -8251,7 +8254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -8259,7 +8262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4087 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -8271,7 +8274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4096 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.4 Most books have been licensed with CC BY-NC or CC " @@ -8284,7 +8287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4106 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -8297,7 +8300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4119 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -8313,7 +8316,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4124 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -8321,7 +8324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4132 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -8333,7 +8336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4136 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -8341,7 +8344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4140 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -8349,7 +8352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4148 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "\\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 range. " @@ -8361,7 +8364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4157 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -8373,7 +8376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4166 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -8385,7 +8388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many " "of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -8395,7 +8398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4183 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -8409,14 +8412,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4186 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4195 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -8429,7 +8432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4204 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -8442,64 +8445,64 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward\\_an\\_Open.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "www.oapen.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "www.hathitrust.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 msgid "## Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4217 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4219 msgid "lumenlearning.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4221 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4223 msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4225 msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4247 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -8522,7 +8525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4256 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -8534,7 +8537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -8545,7 +8548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4270 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -8555,7 +8558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4282 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -8570,33 +8573,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4297 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -8606,7 +8609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4303 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -8616,7 +8619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4309 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -8625,7 +8628,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4316 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -8636,7 +8639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4331 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -8654,7 +8657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4340 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -8667,7 +8670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4350 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. " "The open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from " @@ -8680,7 +8683,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4356 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -8690,7 +8693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4365 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -8703,7 +8706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4373 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -8713,7 +8716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4384 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -8727,7 +8730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4392 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -8739,7 +8742,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4401 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -8751,7 +8754,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4408 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -8762,7 +8765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4417 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -8775,7 +8778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4424 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -8786,7 +8789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4429 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -8795,7 +8798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4439 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -8808,7 +8811,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4447 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -8820,34 +8823,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4451 msgid "lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4453 msgid "## Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4456 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song " "A Day” guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4458 msgid "jonathanmann.net and" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4460 msgid "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4464 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for in-person version (speaking engagements " @@ -8855,12 +8858,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4466 msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4478 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly " "every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from " @@ -8873,7 +8876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4487 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -8886,7 +8889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He " "is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He " @@ -8895,7 +8898,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4500 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -8907,7 +8910,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4514 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -8924,7 +8927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4521 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -8935,7 +8938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4528 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple " "to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, " @@ -8946,7 +8949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4535 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -8956,7 +8959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4543 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -8968,7 +8971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4549 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -8978,7 +8981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4557 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really " @@ -8990,7 +8993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4567 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -9003,7 +9006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4581 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -9019,7 +9022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4587 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -9028,7 +9031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4597 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -9042,7 +9045,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4604 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -9053,7 +9056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4610 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -9063,7 +9066,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4617 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He " "is constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his " @@ -9073,7 +9076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4621 msgid "" "“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative " "person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much " @@ -9081,12 +9084,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4623 msgid "## Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4627 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -9094,27 +9097,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4629 msgid "thenounproject.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4631 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4633 msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4635 msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4641 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -9122,7 +9125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4648 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -9133,7 +9136,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4654 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -9143,7 +9146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4661 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -9153,7 +9156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4669 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -9165,7 +9168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4675 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -9175,7 +9178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4683 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -9186,7 +9189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4688 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -9195,7 +9198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4700 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -9210,7 +9213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4709 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -9222,7 +9225,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4715 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -9232,7 +9235,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4727 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added " @@ -9248,7 +9251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4738 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -9263,7 +9266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4742 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -9271,7 +9274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4751 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -9284,7 +9287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4756 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.2 They tend to over communicate with creators about it because " @@ -9292,7 +9295,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4762 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -9301,7 +9304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4774 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can use " "Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -9316,7 +9319,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4780 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -9326,7 +9329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4785 msgid "" "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” " "is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It " @@ -9334,7 +9337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4792 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -9345,7 +9348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4797 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -9354,7 +9357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4805 msgid "" "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " "around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you " @@ -9366,7 +9369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4810 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -9375,7 +9378,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4818 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project " @@ -9387,7 +9390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4826 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -9399,19 +9402,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832 msgid "" "www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-" "visual-sy/description" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832 msgid "thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/\\#getting\\_paid" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832 msgid "thenounproject.com/iconathon/" msgstr "" @@ -9421,7 +9424,7 @@ msgid "## Open Data Institute" msgstr "## Open Data Institute" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4838 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -9429,29 +9432,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4840 msgid "theodi.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4843 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom services, " "donations" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4845 msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4847 msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4857 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -9463,7 +9466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -9477,7 +9480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -9487,29 +9490,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 msgid "show how open data can improve public services.1" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4888 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -9520,7 +9523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4894 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -9530,7 +9533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4900 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -9540,7 +9543,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4907 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -9550,14 +9553,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4910 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -9572,7 +9575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4933 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -9587,7 +9590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4941 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -9598,7 +9601,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4948 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -9608,7 +9611,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4955 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -9619,13 +9622,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4958 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4973 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -9633,7 +9636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4973 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -9643,7 +9646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4973 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -9652,7 +9655,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4981 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -9663,7 +9666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4991 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -9676,7 +9679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4995 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -9684,7 +9687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5003 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -9695,7 +9698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5009 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -9705,7 +9708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -9714,7 +9717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5019 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -9723,7 +9726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5035 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -9742,7 +9745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5039 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -9750,7 +9753,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -9759,68 +9762,68 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "" "e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-" "business-plan-may-release.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "directory.theodi.org/members" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "" "theodi.org/odi-startup-programme; theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "certificates.theodi.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "dashboards.theodi.org/company/all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 msgid "## OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5066 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -9828,28 +9831,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5068 msgid "www.opendesk.cc" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5072 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7021 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5072 msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5074 msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5081 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -9858,7 +9861,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5096 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -9876,7 +9879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5102 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -9885,7 +9888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5112 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -9898,7 +9901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5118 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -9908,7 +9911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5122 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -9916,7 +9919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5128 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -9926,7 +9929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5133 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -9935,7 +9938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5138 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -9944,7 +9947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5147 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -9956,7 +9959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5155 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -9968,7 +9971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5159 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -9976,14 +9979,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5162 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -9991,14 +9994,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -10006,7 +10009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -10015,14 +10018,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -10031,17 +10034,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5195 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -10054,34 +10057,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5208 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to Nick " "and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -10089,7 +10092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5215 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -10099,7 +10102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -10110,7 +10113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5229 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: " "“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and " @@ -10120,7 +10123,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5235 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -10130,7 +10133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5243 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought " @@ -10142,7 +10145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5249 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -10152,29 +10155,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5252 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5254 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5257 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5257 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5261 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -10182,28 +10185,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5279 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -10215,7 +10218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5285 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -10225,7 +10228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5290 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -10233,32 +10236,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/designers" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297 msgid "openmaking.is" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 msgid "## OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5303 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -10266,29 +10269,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5305 msgid "www.openstaxcollege.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5308 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for " "physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5310 msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5312 msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5325 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -10302,7 +10305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5334 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -10315,7 +10318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -10329,7 +10332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5353 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -10341,7 +10344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5361 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -10352,7 +10355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5368 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -10362,7 +10365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5373 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -10371,7 +10374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5378 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -10380,7 +10383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5383 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -10389,7 +10392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5392 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -10402,7 +10405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5401 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -10414,7 +10417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5409 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -10426,7 +10429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5419 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -10439,7 +10442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5425 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -10449,7 +10452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5434 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -10461,7 +10464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5445 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -10476,7 +10479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5452 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? " "Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded " @@ -10487,7 +10490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5463 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -10501,7 +10504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5478 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -10520,7 +10523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5487 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -10532,7 +10535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5495 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” " "It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in " @@ -10543,7 +10546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5504 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -10555,34 +10558,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5507 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -10591,7 +10594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5521 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -10600,7 +10603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5527 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -10610,7 +10613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5537 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -10623,33 +10626,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5542 msgid "" "news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5542 msgid "openstax.org/adopters" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5544 msgid "## Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5546 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5548 msgid "amandapalmer.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5554 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5552 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, " "charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-person " @@ -10657,12 +10660,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5554 msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5560 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to " @@ -10670,7 +10673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5566 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in " @@ -10679,7 +10682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5573 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -10690,7 +10693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -10705,7 +10708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5594 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” " @@ -10717,7 +10720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5604 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -10730,7 +10733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5614 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -10743,7 +10746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5629 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -10762,7 +10765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5636 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -10772,7 +10775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5644 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -10783,7 +10786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5654 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -10796,7 +10799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5663 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -10808,7 +10811,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5670 msgid "" "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " "and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and " @@ -10819,7 +10822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5678 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -10831,7 +10834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5686 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -10843,7 +10846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5693 msgid "" "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " "they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling " @@ -10853,7 +10856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5701 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person " @@ -10865,7 +10868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5712 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -10880,7 +10883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5720 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty " @@ -10891,7 +10894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5728 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -10903,7 +10906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5732 msgid "" "http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-" "uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/" @@ -10911,12 +10914,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5734 msgid "## PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5738 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -10924,29 +10927,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5740 msgid "plos.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5743 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to be " "featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5745 msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5747 msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5761 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -10962,7 +10965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -10976,7 +10979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5781 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -10990,7 +10993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5791 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -11004,7 +11007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5802 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -11018,7 +11021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5810 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -11030,7 +11033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5815 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -11038,7 +11041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5830 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -11056,7 +11059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5837 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -11067,7 +11070,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5841 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -11075,7 +11078,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5849 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -11086,7 +11089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5854 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -11095,7 +11098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5862 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -11106,7 +11109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5869 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -11116,7 +11119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5890 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -11140,7 +11143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5894 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -11148,7 +11151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5899 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -11157,7 +11160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5909 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -11171,7 +11174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5914 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -11180,7 +11183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5929 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -11199,7 +11202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5937 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -11211,7 +11214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5949 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -11226,7 +11229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5958 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -11238,7 +11241,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5966 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -11250,7 +11253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5970 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -11258,12 +11261,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5975 msgid "collections.plos.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5975 msgid "plos.org/article-level-metrics" msgstr "" @@ -11273,7 +11276,7 @@ msgid "## Rijksmuseum" msgstr "## Rijksmuseum" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5980 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@ -11282,12 +11285,12 @@ msgstr "" "historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5982 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl" msgstr "www.rijksmuseum.nl" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5985 msgid "" "Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version" msgstr "" @@ -11295,17 +11298,17 @@ msgstr "" "entrada" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5987 msgid "(museum admission), selling merchandise" msgstr "(admisión al museo), venta de mercancías" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5989 msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 11 de diciembre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5992 msgid "" "Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections information " "department" @@ -11314,7 +11317,7 @@ msgstr "" "sobre Colecciones" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6008 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -11344,7 +11347,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo para el museo, más abierto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6020 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -11372,7 +11375,7 @@ msgstr "" "un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6028 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -11390,7 +11393,7 @@ msgstr "" "toda la colección en línea?" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6040 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal to " @@ -11416,7 +11419,7 @@ msgstr "" "debería seguir el ejemplo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6051 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -11441,7 +11444,7 @@ msgstr "" "escolar." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6063 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -11469,7 +11472,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6073 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -11491,7 +11494,7 @@ msgstr "" "objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6086 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -11519,7 +11522,7 @@ msgstr "" "que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6093 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -11536,7 +11539,7 @@ msgstr "" "una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6105 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -11562,7 +11565,7 @@ msgstr "" "proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6112 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -11579,7 +11582,7 @@ msgstr "" "pueden utilizar y hacer varias cosas con la colección del Rijksmuseum.2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6121 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -11601,7 +11604,7 @@ msgstr "" "quieran, para fines privados o incluso comerciales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6126 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -11615,7 +11618,7 @@ msgstr "" "escolares." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6136 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -11637,7 +11640,7 @@ msgstr "" "público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6146 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -11659,7 +11662,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"El cisne amenazado\".3" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6159 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action Make " @@ -11689,7 +11692,7 @@ msgstr "" "internacional del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6163 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -11701,7 +11704,7 @@ msgstr "" "usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6170 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -11718,7 +11721,7 @@ msgstr "" "mil visitas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6181 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -11744,7 +11747,7 @@ msgstr "" "pintura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6198 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came up " "with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things people " @@ -11780,22 +11783,22 @@ msgstr "" "generosidad hace que la gente esté feliz de acompañarte y ayudarte.\"" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "www.europeana.eu/portal/en" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "" "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award; the 2014 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/" "en/rijksstudio-award-2014; the 2015 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-" @@ -11806,47 +11809,47 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award-2015" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "" "www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/" "creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 msgid "## Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6213 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6215 msgid "www.shareable.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6218 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, " "sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6220 msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6222 msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6233 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -11859,7 +11862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6243 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -11872,7 +11875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6250 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -11883,7 +11886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6259 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -11896,7 +11899,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6269 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -11909,7 +11912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6278 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the " @@ -11922,7 +11925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6290 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a " @@ -11938,7 +11941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6302 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -11953,7 +11956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6310 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -11965,7 +11968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6315 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -11974,7 +11977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6323 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -11986,7 +11989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6333 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This " "is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We " @@ -12000,7 +12003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6342 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -12012,7 +12015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6348 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -12022,7 +12025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6362 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -12040,7 +12043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6367 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-size-" @@ -12049,12 +12052,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6369 msgid "## Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6373 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -12062,27 +12065,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6375 msgid "www.siyavula.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6377 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6379 msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6381 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6389 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -12092,7 +12095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6394 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -12101,7 +12104,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6401 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -12111,7 +12114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6409 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -12122,7 +12125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6416 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -12132,7 +12135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6421 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -12141,7 +12144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6429 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -12152,7 +12155,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6436 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -12162,7 +12165,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6449 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. " @@ -12178,7 +12181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6457 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -12189,7 +12192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6463 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -12198,7 +12201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6470 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They tried " "creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -12209,7 +12212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6477 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -12219,7 +12222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6485 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -12230,7 +12233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6496 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -12244,7 +12247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6501 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -12253,7 +12256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6509 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -12264,7 +12267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6517 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -12275,7 +12278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6524 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -12286,7 +12289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6529 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -12295,7 +12298,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6536 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -12306,7 +12309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6546 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -12319,7 +12322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6554 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -12330,7 +12333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6560 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -12340,7 +12343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6566 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -12350,7 +12353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6574 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -12362,7 +12365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6581 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -12373,7 +12376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6590 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -12386,7 +12389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6598 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -12398,7 +12401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6605 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -12408,7 +12411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6614 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -12421,7 +12424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6619 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -12430,7 +12433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6626 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. " "These include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over " @@ -12440,7 +12443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6639 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -12456,22 +12459,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646 msgid "www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646 msgid "www.capetowndeclaration.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646 msgid "cnx.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646 msgid "www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html" msgstr "" @@ -12481,7 +12484,7 @@ msgid "## Sparkfun" msgstr "## Sparkfun" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6651 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -12490,29 +12493,29 @@ msgstr "" "hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6653 msgid "www.sparkfun.com" msgstr "www.sparkfun.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" "Modelo de ingresos: cobrar por copias físicas (ventas de componentes " "electrónicos)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6657 msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 29 de febrero de 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6659 msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Nathan Seidle, fundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6667 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -12527,7 +12530,7 @@ msgstr "" "hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6672 msgid "" "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan said. " "“I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were never " @@ -12540,7 +12543,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el mundo.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -12558,7 +12561,7 @@ msgstr "" "por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6688 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " "natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it " @@ -12576,7 +12579,7 @@ msgstr "" "como propiedad intelectual." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6692 msgid "" "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory " "with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your laurels. " @@ -12587,7 +12590,7 @@ msgstr "" "laureles. Da una red de seguridad. Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6700 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years " @@ -12606,7 +12609,7 @@ msgstr "" "nosotros, es mejor para los clientes.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6708 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -12625,7 +12628,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nathan. «Esto es con lo que deberían competir.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6717 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -12646,7 +12649,7 @@ msgstr "" "graduarse, empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6724 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -12664,7 +12667,7 @@ msgstr "" "para los productos que crean." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6731 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -12681,7 +12684,7 @@ msgstr "" "para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6738 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -12697,7 +12700,7 @@ msgstr "" "tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6742 msgid "" "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three " @@ -12708,7 +12711,7 @@ msgstr "" "trescientos y cincuenta mil estudiantes de colegio para el 2020.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6751 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -12729,7 +12732,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6760 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -12749,7 +12752,7 @@ msgstr "" "competencia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6771 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -12775,7 +12778,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo hace más significativo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6779 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -12794,7 +12797,7 @@ msgstr "" "porque no se enfocan de forma singular en el resultado final." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6785 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -12809,7 +12812,7 @@ msgstr "" "que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6795 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -12831,7 +12834,7 @@ msgstr "" "identifican puntos débiles, y nosotros diseñamos algo para solucionarlos.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6803 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -12851,7 +12854,7 @@ msgstr "" "dijo Nathan. «Eso no es realmente cierto.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6811 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -12870,7 +12873,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseños,» dijo Nathan." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6825 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6823 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -12896,39 +12899,39 @@ msgstr "" "propusieron ser." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6825 msgid "## TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6829 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6831 msgid "teachaids.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6833 msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6835 msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6837 msgid "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6844 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -12937,7 +12940,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6855 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -12952,7 +12955,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6873 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -12973,7 +12976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6883 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -12987,7 +12990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6887 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -12995,7 +12998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6900 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -13011,7 +13014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6907 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -13022,7 +13025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6914 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -13033,7 +13036,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6929 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6927 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -13049,7 +13052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6941 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -13066,7 +13069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6958 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -13086,7 +13089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6969 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -13101,7 +13104,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6978 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -13114,7 +13117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6986 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -13126,7 +13129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6997 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya said. " @@ -13141,7 +13144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7004 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -13152,7 +13155,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7011 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -13163,12 +13166,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7013 msgid "## Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7017 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -13176,22 +13179,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7023 msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7025 msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7035 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -13202,7 +13205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7043 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -13214,7 +13217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7051 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -13226,7 +13229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7057 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -13236,7 +13239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7064 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -13246,7 +13249,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7072 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -13258,7 +13261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7090 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -13279,7 +13282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7101 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -13294,7 +13297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7108 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -13304,7 +13307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7117 msgid "" "A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in total, " "are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -13317,7 +13320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7126 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -13329,7 +13332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7135 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -13342,7 +13345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7142 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -13352,7 +13355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7147 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -13361,7 +13364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7154 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -13371,7 +13374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7163 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -13384,7 +13387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7171 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -13395,7 +13398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7182 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -13409,7 +13412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7197 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -13427,7 +13430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7206 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -13440,56 +13443,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7211 msgid "www.instoremusicservice.com" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7211 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7213 msgid "## Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7216 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7218 msgid "wikimediafoundation.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7220 msgid "Revenue model: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7222 msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7225 msgid "" "Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, and " "Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7229 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7235 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -13499,7 +13502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7239 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -13507,7 +13510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7251 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -13523,7 +13526,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7256 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it " @@ -13532,7 +13535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -13543,7 +13546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7273 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -13557,7 +13560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7293 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -13580,7 +13583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7306 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -13596,7 +13599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7317 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -13610,7 +13613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -13629,7 +13632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7341 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -13641,7 +13644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7350 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -13653,7 +13656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7358 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -13665,7 +13668,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7363 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -13674,7 +13677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7368 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -13683,7 +13686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7374 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it " @@ -13692,17 +13695,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7378 msgid "gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7380 msgid "## Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7385 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -13710,33 +13713,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7389 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7394 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7397 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7402 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. www.benkler." @@ -13744,7 +13747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7407 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. www.slideshare.net/WithoutModel/open-" @@ -13752,7 +13755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7412 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -13761,14 +13764,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7415 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7423 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -13779,54 +13782,54 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7426 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7429 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7432 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7434 msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7438 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7441 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7444 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7450 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -13837,7 +13840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7454 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -13845,21 +13848,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7457 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7460 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7464 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " "at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. hbr.org/2015/01/the-" @@ -13867,7 +13870,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7469 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -13876,21 +13879,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7472 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7475 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-" "Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7479 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " "Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. ssir.org/" @@ -13898,21 +13901,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7482 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7486 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7490 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -13920,124 +13923,124 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7493 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7496 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New York: " "Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7499 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7503 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7506 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7509 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7512 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7515 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7518 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520 msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7523 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7526 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7529 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7532 msgid "" "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " "BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7535 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7538 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7541 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7545 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -14045,7 +14048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7549 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at strategyzer." @@ -14053,7 +14056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -14061,14 +14064,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7562 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -14078,7 +14081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7567 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. www.academia.edu/27143172/The" @@ -14086,7 +14089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7572 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -14095,7 +14098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7576 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -14103,7 +14106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7580 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -14111,74 +14114,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7582 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7585 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7588 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7591 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7594 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7597 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7600 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7603 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7606 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7608 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7612 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -14186,21 +14189,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7615 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7618 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7624 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -14210,7 +14213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7628 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. society30.com/" @@ -14218,26 +14221,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7631 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. web." "mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7634 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7636 msgid "## Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7642 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -14247,7 +14250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7646 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -14255,7 +14258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7652 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -14265,7 +14268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7657 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -14274,7 +14277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7704 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -14323,7 +14326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8057 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -14658,6 +14661,24 @@ msgid "" "ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "resources marketing those services (and by extension, the OpenStax " +#~ "textbooks)." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "recursos publicitando esos servicios (y, por extensión, los libros de " +#~ "texto de OpenStax)." + +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "cases, rather than the quid pro quo exchange of money for value that " +#~ "typically drives market transactions, the recipient gives money out of a " +#~ "sense of reciprocity." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "en vez del típico intercambio quid pro quo de dinero por valor que " +#~ "típicamente conduce a las transacciones en el mercado, el receptor " +#~ "entrega dinero a partir de un sentido de reciprocidad." + #~ msgid "Made" #~ msgstr "Hecho" diff --git a/po/mwcc.pot b/po/mwcc.pot index c3d9b13..9fa561e 100644 --- a/po/mwcc.pot +++ b/po/mwcc.pot @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-07-30 00:04-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-07-31 12:59-0500\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" @@ -2401,7 +2401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1580 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2413,23 +2413,17 @@ msgid "" "physical copies, which makes them much more attractive to students who then " "demand them from their universities. They also partner with service " "providers who build atop the CC-licensed content and, in turn, spend money " -"and" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1581 -msgid "" -"resources marketing those services (and by extension, the OpenStax " +"and resources marketing those services (and by extension, the OpenStax " "textbooks)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1582 msgid "#### Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1587 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2438,7 +2432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1597 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2452,7 +2446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1609 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People often " @@ -2467,7 +2461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1617 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their " @@ -2479,12 +2473,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1619 msgid "#### Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1631 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2499,12 +2493,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1633 msgid "### Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1648 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -2515,19 +2509,13 @@ msgid "" "operates.28 But in many cases, the revenue streams used by endeavors that " "are Made with Creative Commons are directly tied to the value they generate, " "where the recipient is paying for the value they receive like any standard " -"market transaction. In still other" +"market transaction. In still other cases, rather than the quid pro quo " +"exchange of money for value that typically drives market transactions, the " +"recipient gives money out of a sense of reciprocity." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1650 -msgid "" -"cases, rather than the quid pro quo exchange of money for value that " -"typically drives market transactions, the recipient gives money out of a " -"sense of reciprocity." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1656 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2538,7 +2526,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1663 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2549,12 +2537,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1665 msgid "#### Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1672 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.30 By definition, if you are " @@ -2565,7 +2553,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1686 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -2582,7 +2570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1695 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -2595,7 +2583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1702 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -2606,7 +2594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1707 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -2615,24 +2603,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1709 msgid "service." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1711 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1713 msgid "" "#### Providing a custom service to consumers of your work * " "\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1722 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -2645,12 +2633,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1724 msgid "#### Charging for the physical copy * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1745 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -2674,12 +2662,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1747 msgid "#### Charging for the in-person version * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1755 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -2690,12 +2678,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1757 msgid "#### Selling merchandise * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1762 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -2704,7 +2692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1773 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -2719,12 +2707,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1775 msgid "#### Charging advertisers or sponsors * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1786 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -2739,12 +2727,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1788 msgid "#### Charging your content creators * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1798 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -2758,12 +2746,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1800 msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1810 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.39 Curation is an important element of this " @@ -2776,12 +2764,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1812 msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1819 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -2792,12 +2780,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1821 msgid "#### Licensing a trademark* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1830 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -2810,12 +2798,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1832 msgid "#### Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1837 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -2824,7 +2812,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1847 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -2838,7 +2826,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1853 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -2848,7 +2836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1858 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.40 We almost can’t help but think of " @@ -2857,12 +2845,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1860 msgid "#### Memberships and individual donations *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1872 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -2877,12 +2865,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1874 msgid "#### The pay-what-you-want model *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1884 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -2895,12 +2883,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1886 msgid "#### Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1901 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -2918,7 +2906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1908 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major " @@ -2929,12 +2917,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1910 msgid "### Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1923 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We " @@ -2951,7 +2939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1930 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -2961,7 +2949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1934 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -2969,7 +2957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1938 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -2977,7 +2965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1947 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -2990,7 +2978,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1959 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3005,7 +2993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1964 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3014,12 +3002,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1966 msgid "#### Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1973 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.42 But the further removed we are from the person with whom " @@ -3030,7 +3018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1985 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3045,7 +3033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1995 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "“brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda Palmer says, " @@ -3059,7 +3047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2004 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3071,12 +3059,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2006 msgid "#### Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2016 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3089,7 +3077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2020 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to " @@ -3097,7 +3085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2030 msgid "" "avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that cultivates healthy " "collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then " @@ -3111,12 +3099,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2032 msgid "#### Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2045 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows this " @@ -3133,7 +3121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2054 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a " "self-fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that " @@ -3146,7 +3134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2064 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3160,12 +3148,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2066 msgid "#### Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2075 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like " "fans. As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 Even " @@ -3178,7 +3166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2080 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3186,7 +3174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2092 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in " "kind. It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too " @@ -3201,12 +3189,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2094 msgid "#### State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2104 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3219,7 +3207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2113 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3232,7 +3220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2119 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3241,12 +3229,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2121 msgid "#### Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2131 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3259,7 +3247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2143 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3274,7 +3262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2155 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to " @@ -3290,19 +3278,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2159 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2161 msgid "#### Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2172 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3317,7 +3305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2184 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3333,7 +3321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2192 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3345,12 +3333,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2194 msgid "#### Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2205 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent.66 But to " @@ -3364,12 +3352,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2207 msgid "commitment.68" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2216 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -3381,7 +3369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2233 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -3401,7 +3389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2244 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -3415,7 +3403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2253 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -3428,12 +3416,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2255 msgid "#### Notes" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at " @@ -3441,19 +3429,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -3461,33 +3449,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '7. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '8. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2356 #, no-wrap msgid "" "9. Anderson, Makers, 66.\n" @@ -3577,12 +3565,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2358 msgid "## The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -3597,12 +3585,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2379 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -3612,7 +3600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2386 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -3623,7 +3611,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2390 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -3631,7 +3619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2395 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -3640,7 +3628,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -3648,7 +3636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2404 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -3657,7 +3645,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2409 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -3665,21 +3653,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2412 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2416 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2425 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and " @@ -3692,7 +3680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2437 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -3707,7 +3695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2449 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -3722,7 +3710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2454 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -3731,7 +3719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2464 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -3745,12 +3733,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2466 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2470 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share " @@ -3758,22 +3746,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2472 msgid "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2474 msgid "# Part 2" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2476 msgid "# The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2484 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -3785,7 +3773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2490 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -3795,24 +3783,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2492 msgid "## Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2495 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2497 msgid "www.arduino.cc" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2501 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, " "shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to " @@ -3820,22 +3808,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2503 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3186 msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505 msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2509 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3192 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3547 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3752 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3992 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4229 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4639 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4851 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5078 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5316 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5751 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5996 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6385 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3190 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3545 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3750 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3990 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4227 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4637 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4849 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5314 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5749 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5994 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6383 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7027 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2519 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -3851,7 +3839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2527 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -3862,7 +3850,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2534 msgid "" "“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. " "Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of " @@ -3873,7 +3861,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2543 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design " "school. He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work " @@ -3885,7 +3873,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2550 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -3896,7 +3884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2557 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -3906,7 +3894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2569 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -3921,7 +3909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2582 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -3937,7 +3925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2589 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -3948,7 +3936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2595 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -3958,7 +3946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2605 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -3972,7 +3960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2615 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -3985,7 +3973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2624 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -3998,7 +3986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2635 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4013,7 +4001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2645 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4027,7 +4015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2653 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4039,7 +4027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2660 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4050,7 +4038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2673 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4066,7 +4054,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2679 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4076,7 +4064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2685 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the " @@ -4086,7 +4074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2689 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4094,27 +4082,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2693 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3731 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3971 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4208 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4830 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5055 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5294 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5541 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5974 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6202 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6643 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2691 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3729 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4206 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4828 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5292 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5539 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5972 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6200 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6641 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7208 msgid "Web links" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694 msgid "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694 msgid "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2696 msgid "## Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2700 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4122,32 +4110,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2702 msgid "www.articaonline.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2704 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2706 msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2708 msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2712 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2862 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3017 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3358 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4470 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5558 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6226 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6663 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6841 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2710 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2860 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3015 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3356 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4468 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5556 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6224 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6661 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6839 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7227 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2715 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4156,12 +4144,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2717 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2727 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development " @@ -4174,7 +4162,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2738 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4189,7 +4177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4201,7 +4189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2754 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4212,7 +4200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2760 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4222,7 +4210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2766 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4232,7 +4220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2780 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4249,7 +4237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2786 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4259,7 +4247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2795 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another " "belief—in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, " @@ -4272,7 +4260,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2803 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to " @@ -4283,7 +4271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2809 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the " "educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to " @@ -4293,7 +4281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2813 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4301,7 +4289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2824 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is " "not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a " @@ -4316,7 +4304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2832 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. " "Human resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4327,7 +4315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2838 msgid "" "“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is " "easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and " @@ -4337,7 +4325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2844 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4347,41 +4335,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2846 msgid "## Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2849 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2851 msgid "www.blender.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2854 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical " "copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2856 msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2858 msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2869 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -4394,7 +4382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2878 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -4406,7 +4394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2884 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -4415,7 +4403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2894 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -4428,7 +4416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2904 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -4442,7 +4430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2911 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software " @@ -4452,7 +4440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2920 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -4464,7 +4452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2929 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2927 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -4475,7 +4463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2933 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -4485,7 +4473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2944 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -4500,7 +4488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2952 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -4511,7 +4499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2959 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -4521,7 +4509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2973 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -4538,7 +4526,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2978 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -4547,7 +4535,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2985 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -4558,7 +4546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2990 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -4567,7 +4555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2998 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -4579,44 +4567,44 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3000 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3002 msgid "## Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3005 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3007 msgid "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3009 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3011 msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3013 msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3020 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell " @@ -4624,7 +4612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3028 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or " @@ -4636,7 +4624,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3034 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -4646,7 +4634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -4655,7 +4643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3045 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -4665,7 +4653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -4673,7 +4661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3061 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -4688,7 +4676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3065 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over " "time. Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to " @@ -4696,7 +4684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3070 msgid "" "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the " "game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is " @@ -4705,7 +4693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3082 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -4721,7 +4709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3086 msgid "" "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were " "going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with " @@ -4729,7 +4717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3091 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -4738,7 +4726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3098 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little " "subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One " @@ -4749,7 +4737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3109 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -4764,7 +4752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3116 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -4774,7 +4762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3121 msgid "" "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -4783,7 +4771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3132 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -4798,7 +4786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3140 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -4810,7 +4798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3149 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -4823,7 +4811,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3155 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -4833,7 +4821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3162 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various charities " "and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other " @@ -4844,7 +4832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3168 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -4854,7 +4842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3173 msgid "" "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max " "said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best " @@ -4863,12 +4851,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3175 msgid "## The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3179 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the " @@ -4876,24 +4864,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3181 msgid "theconversation.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3184 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership fees " "to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3188 msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3198 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -4905,7 +4893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3204 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -4915,7 +4903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3222 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -4937,7 +4925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3233 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -4952,7 +4940,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3244 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -4966,7 +4954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3253 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative " @@ -4979,7 +4967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3266 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -4995,7 +4983,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3277 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5009,7 +4997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3284 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has grown " @@ -5019,7 +5007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3292 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5030,7 +5018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3301 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5042,7 +5030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3308 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5053,7 +5041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3314 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5063,7 +5051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3322 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5075,7 +5063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3328 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5085,7 +5073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3332 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5093,7 +5081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3338 msgid "" "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " "represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed " @@ -5103,46 +5091,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3342 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4451 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5732 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3340 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4449 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5730 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7376 msgid "Web link" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3342 msgid "theconversation.com/us/charter" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3344 msgid "## Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3347 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3349 msgid "craphound.com and boingboing.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3352 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, " "selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3354 msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3363 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is " "not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has " @@ -5153,7 +5141,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3367 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5161,7 +5149,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3376 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5174,7 +5162,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3380 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5182,7 +5170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5200,7 +5188,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3406 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5215,7 +5203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3414 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5227,7 +5215,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3422 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5239,7 +5227,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3433 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5253,7 +5241,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3439 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5263,7 +5251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3446 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5273,7 +5261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3459 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes " @@ -5289,7 +5277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3472 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5305,7 +5293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3484 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5321,7 +5309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3493 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the " @@ -5334,7 +5322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3502 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5347,7 +5335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3511 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5360,7 +5348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3520 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -5373,7 +5361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3526 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -5383,17 +5371,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3528 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3530 msgid "## Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3535 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -5401,27 +5389,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3537 msgid "figshare.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3539 msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3541 msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3543 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3554 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -5434,7 +5422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3558 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -5442,7 +5430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3566 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -5453,7 +5441,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3572 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -5462,7 +5450,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -5470,7 +5458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3583 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -5481,7 +5469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3589 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and " "open-science communities were already using and recommending Creative " @@ -5491,7 +5479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3594 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data " @@ -5500,7 +5488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3601 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -5510,7 +5498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3607 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -5519,7 +5507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3617 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -5532,7 +5520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3625 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -5544,7 +5532,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3637 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for " "journals. Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ " @@ -5560,7 +5548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3645 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -5572,7 +5560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3653 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -5584,7 +5572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3664 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -5598,7 +5586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3672 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -5610,7 +5598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3679 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -5621,7 +5609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3688 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other " @@ -5634,7 +5622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3698 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -5647,7 +5635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3708 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -5660,7 +5648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3715 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -5670,7 +5658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3727 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -5686,27 +5674,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3733 msgid "figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK\\_universities/1186832" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3733 msgid "retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3733 msgid "figshare.com/features" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 msgid "## Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3739 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -5714,29 +5702,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3741 msgid "figure.nz" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3744 msgid "" "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, " "sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3746 msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3748 msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3767 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace " @@ -5756,7 +5744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -5769,7 +5757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3788 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -5784,7 +5772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3803 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -5802,7 +5790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3817 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -5819,7 +5807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3828 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -5834,7 +5822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3845 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -5854,7 +5842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3850 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -5863,7 +5851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3863 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -5880,7 +5868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3874 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -5895,7 +5883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3880 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -5905,7 +5893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3884 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.4 Patrons donate to topic areas they care about, " "directly enabling Figure.NZ to get data together to flesh out those " @@ -5913,7 +5901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3889 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -5922,7 +5910,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3899 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -5936,7 +5924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3908 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -5948,7 +5936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3920 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -5964,7 +5952,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3928 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We " @@ -5975,7 +5963,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3932 msgid "" "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -5983,7 +5971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3936 msgid "" "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -5991,7 +5979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3946 msgid "" "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6004,7 +5992,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3952 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6013,7 +6001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3960 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze " "what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6024,7 +6012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3967 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6034,32 +6022,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974 msgid "www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF\\_harness-the-power.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974 msgid "www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974 msgid "figure.nz/business/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3974 msgid "figure.nz/patrons/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3976 msgid "## Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3980 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6067,27 +6055,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3982 msgid "knowledgeunlatched.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3984 msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3986 msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3988 msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4004 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6104,7 +6092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4009 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6113,7 +6101,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4014 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6122,7 +6110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4028 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6140,7 +6128,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4035 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6151,7 +6139,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4042 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6162,7 +6150,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4049 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6172,7 +6160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4058 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6185,35 +6173,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4061 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6222,7 +6210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6230,7 +6218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6238,7 +6226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4087 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6250,7 +6238,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4096 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.4 Most books have been licensed with CC BY-NC or CC " @@ -6263,7 +6251,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4106 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6276,7 +6264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4119 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6293,7 +6281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4124 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6301,7 +6289,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4132 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6313,7 +6301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4136 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6321,7 +6309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4140 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6329,7 +6317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4148 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "\\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 " @@ -6341,7 +6329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4157 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6353,7 +6341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4166 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -6365,7 +6353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many " "of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -6375,7 +6363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4183 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -6389,14 +6377,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4186 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4195 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by " "grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is " @@ -6409,7 +6397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4204 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -6422,64 +6410,64 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward\\_an\\_Open.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "www.oapen.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "www.hathitrust.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 msgid "## Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4217 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4219 msgid "lumenlearning.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4221 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4223 msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4225 msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4247 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and " "education-technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to " @@ -6502,7 +6490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4256 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -6514,7 +6502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -6525,7 +6513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4270 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -6535,7 +6523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4282 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -6551,33 +6539,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4291 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4297 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -6587,7 +6575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4303 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -6597,7 +6585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4309 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -6607,7 +6595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4316 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -6618,7 +6606,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4331 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -6636,7 +6624,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4340 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -6649,7 +6637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4350 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. " "The open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from " @@ -6662,7 +6650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4356 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -6672,7 +6660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4365 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -6685,7 +6673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4373 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -6695,7 +6683,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4384 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -6710,7 +6698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4392 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -6722,7 +6710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4401 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -6734,7 +6722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4408 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -6745,7 +6733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4417 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -6758,7 +6746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4424 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -6769,7 +6757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4429 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -6778,7 +6766,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4439 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than " @@ -6792,7 +6780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4447 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -6804,34 +6792,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4451 msgid "lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4453 msgid "## Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4456 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song " "A Day” guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4458 msgid "jonathanmann.net and" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4460 msgid "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4464 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for in-person version (speaking engagements " @@ -6839,12 +6827,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4466 msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4478 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly " "every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from " @@ -6857,7 +6845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4487 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -6870,7 +6858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He " "is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He " @@ -6879,7 +6867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4500 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -6891,7 +6879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4514 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -6908,7 +6896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4521 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -6919,7 +6907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4528 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple " "to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, " @@ -6930,7 +6918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4535 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -6940,7 +6928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4543 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -6952,7 +6940,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4549 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -6962,7 +6950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4557 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really " @@ -6974,7 +6962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4567 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those " "skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift " @@ -6987,7 +6975,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4581 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7003,7 +6991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4587 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7012,7 +7000,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4597 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7026,7 +7014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4604 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and " "grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in " @@ -7037,7 +7025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4610 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7047,7 +7035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4617 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He " "is constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his " @@ -7057,7 +7045,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4621 msgid "" "“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative " "person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much " @@ -7065,12 +7053,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4623 msgid "## Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4627 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7078,27 +7066,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4629 msgid "thenounproject.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4631 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4633 msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4635 msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4641 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7106,7 +7094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4648 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7117,7 +7105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4654 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7127,7 +7115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4661 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7137,7 +7125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4669 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7149,7 +7137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4675 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7159,7 +7147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4683 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s " @@ -7170,7 +7158,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4688 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7179,7 +7167,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4700 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7194,7 +7182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4709 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7206,7 +7194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4715 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7216,7 +7204,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4727 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added " @@ -7232,7 +7220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4738 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7247,7 +7235,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4742 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For " "one-off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7255,7 +7243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4751 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7268,7 +7256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4756 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.2 They tend to over communicate with creators about it because " @@ -7276,7 +7264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4762 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7285,7 +7273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4774 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can use " "Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7300,7 +7288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4780 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7310,7 +7298,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4785 msgid "" "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” " "is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It " @@ -7318,7 +7306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4792 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7329,7 +7317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4797 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -7338,7 +7326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4805 msgid "" "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " "around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you " @@ -7350,7 +7338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4810 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7359,7 +7347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4818 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project " @@ -7371,7 +7359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4826 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -7383,27 +7371,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832 msgid "www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832 msgid "thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/\\#getting\\_paid" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832 msgid "thenounproject.com/iconathon/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4834 msgid "## Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4838 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -7411,29 +7399,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4840 msgid "theodi.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4843 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom services, " "donations" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4845 msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4847 msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4857 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the " "London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -7445,7 +7433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of " "society. Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight " @@ -7459,7 +7447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -7469,29 +7457,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 msgid "show how open data can improve public services.1" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4888 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -7502,7 +7490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4894 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -7512,7 +7500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4900 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -7522,7 +7510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4907 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -7532,14 +7520,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4910 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -7554,7 +7542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4933 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -7569,7 +7557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4941 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more " "demand. Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship " @@ -7580,7 +7568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4948 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -7590,7 +7578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4955 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -7601,12 +7589,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4958 msgid "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4973 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -7614,7 +7602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4973 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -7624,7 +7612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4973 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -7633,7 +7621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4981 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United " "Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors " @@ -7644,7 +7632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4991 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -7658,7 +7646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4995 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -7666,7 +7654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5003 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -7677,7 +7665,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5009 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -7687,7 +7675,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -7696,7 +7684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5019 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -7705,7 +7693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5035 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -7724,7 +7712,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5039 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -7732,7 +7720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -7741,64 +7729,64 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 msgid "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "directory.theodi.org/members" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "theodi.org/odi-startup-programme; theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "certificates.theodi.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 msgid "dashboards.theodi.org/company/all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5062 msgid "## OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5066 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -7806,27 +7794,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5068 msgid "www.opendesk.cc" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5072 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5070 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7021 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5072 msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5074 msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5081 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -7835,7 +7823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5096 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -7853,7 +7841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5102 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -7862,7 +7850,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5112 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -7875,7 +7863,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5118 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -7885,7 +7873,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5122 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -7893,7 +7881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5128 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -7903,7 +7891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5133 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -7912,7 +7900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5138 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -7921,7 +7909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5147 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -7934,7 +7922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5155 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -7946,7 +7934,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5159 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -7954,14 +7942,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5162 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -7969,14 +7957,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -7984,7 +7972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to " @@ -7993,14 +7981,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8009,17 +7997,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5195 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8032,34 +8020,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5208 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to Nick " "and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8067,7 +8055,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5215 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8077,7 +8065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8088,7 +8076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5229 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: " "“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and " @@ -8098,7 +8086,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5235 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8108,7 +8096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5243 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought " @@ -8120,7 +8108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5249 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8130,29 +8118,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5252 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5254 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5257 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5257 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5261 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8160,28 +8148,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5279 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8193,7 +8181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5285 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8203,7 +8191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5290 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8212,32 +8200,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/designers" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5297 msgid "openmaking.is" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5299 msgid "## OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5303 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement " @@ -8245,29 +8233,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5305 msgid "www.openstaxcollege.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5308 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for " "physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5310 msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5312 msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5325 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8281,7 +8269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5334 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8294,7 +8282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8308,7 +8296,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5353 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -8320,7 +8308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5361 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8331,7 +8319,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5368 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8341,7 +8329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5373 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8350,7 +8338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5378 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -8359,7 +8347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5383 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -8368,7 +8356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5392 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on " @@ -8381,7 +8369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5401 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -8393,7 +8381,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5409 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -8405,7 +8393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5419 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak " "efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing " @@ -8419,7 +8407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5425 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -8429,7 +8417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5434 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -8441,7 +8429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5445 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -8456,7 +8444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5452 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? " "Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded " @@ -8467,7 +8455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5463 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -8481,7 +8469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5478 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -8500,7 +8488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5487 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an " @@ -8512,7 +8500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5495 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” " "It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in " @@ -8524,7 +8512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5504 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -8536,34 +8524,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5507 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5516 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -8572,7 +8560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5521 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -8581,7 +8569,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5527 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -8591,7 +8579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5537 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -8604,32 +8592,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5542 msgid "news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5542 msgid "openstax.org/adopters" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5544 msgid "## Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5546 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5548 msgid "amandapalmer.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5554 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5552 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, " "charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-person " @@ -8637,12 +8625,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5554 msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5560 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to " @@ -8650,7 +8638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5566 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in " @@ -8659,7 +8647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5573 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -8670,7 +8658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -8685,7 +8673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5594 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” " @@ -8697,7 +8685,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5604 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -8710,7 +8698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5614 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -8723,7 +8711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5629 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -8742,7 +8730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5636 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -8752,7 +8740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5644 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -8763,7 +8751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5654 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -8777,7 +8765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5663 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -8789,7 +8777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5670 msgid "" "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " "and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and " @@ -8800,7 +8788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5678 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -8812,7 +8800,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5686 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -8824,7 +8812,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5693 msgid "" "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " "they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling " @@ -8834,7 +8822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5701 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person " @@ -8846,7 +8834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5712 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -8861,7 +8849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5720 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty " @@ -8872,7 +8860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5728 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -8884,17 +8872,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5732 msgid "http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/\\#44e20ce46d67" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5734 msgid "## PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5738 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the " @@ -8902,29 +8890,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5740 msgid "plos.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5743 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to be " "featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5745 msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5747 msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5761 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -8940,7 +8928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -8954,7 +8942,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5781 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -8968,7 +8956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5791 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -8982,7 +8970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5802 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -8996,7 +8984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5810 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9008,7 +8996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5815 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9017,7 +9005,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5830 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9035,7 +9023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5837 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC " "BY). This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content " @@ -9046,7 +9034,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5841 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9054,7 +9042,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5849 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9065,7 +9053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5854 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9074,7 +9062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5862 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9085,7 +9073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5869 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9095,7 +9083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5890 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9119,7 +9107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5894 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9127,7 +9115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5899 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9136,7 +9124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5909 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9150,7 +9138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5914 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9159,7 +9147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5929 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9178,7 +9166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5937 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9190,7 +9178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5949 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9205,7 +9193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5958 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9217,7 +9205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5966 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9229,7 +9217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5970 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9237,56 +9225,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5975 msgid "collections.plos.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5975 msgid "plos.org/article-level-metrics" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5977 msgid "## Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5980 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5982 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5985 msgid "Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5987 msgid "(museum admission), selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5989 msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5992 msgid "" "Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections information " "department" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6008 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9303,7 +9291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6020 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9319,7 +9307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6028 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9330,7 +9318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6040 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal to " @@ -9346,7 +9334,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6051 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -9360,7 +9348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6063 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -9375,7 +9363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6073 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for " @@ -9389,7 +9377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6086 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of " "poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of " @@ -9405,7 +9393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6093 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -9416,7 +9404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6105 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -9431,7 +9419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6112 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -9442,7 +9430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6121 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -9455,7 +9443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6126 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -9464,7 +9452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6136 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the " @@ -9477,7 +9465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6146 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -9491,7 +9479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6159 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action Make " @@ -9508,7 +9496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6163 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -9516,7 +9504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6170 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -9527,7 +9515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6181 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -9542,7 +9530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6198 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came up " "with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things people " @@ -9562,22 +9550,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "www.europeana.eu/portal/en" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "" "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award; the 2014 award: " "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014; the 2015 award: " @@ -9585,44 +9573,44 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6210 msgid "## Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6213 msgid "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6215 msgid "www.shareable.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6218 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, " "sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6220 msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6222 msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6233 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -9635,7 +9623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6243 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -9648,7 +9636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6250 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -9659,7 +9647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6259 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -9672,7 +9660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6269 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -9685,7 +9673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6278 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the " @@ -9698,7 +9686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6290 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a " @@ -9714,7 +9702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6302 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -9730,7 +9718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6310 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -9742,7 +9730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6315 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -9751,7 +9739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6323 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -9763,7 +9751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6333 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This " "is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We " @@ -9777,7 +9765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6342 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -9789,7 +9777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6348 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -9799,7 +9787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6362 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -9817,7 +9805,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6367 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a " @@ -9826,12 +9814,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6369 msgid "## Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6373 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -9839,27 +9827,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6375 msgid "www.siyavula.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6377 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6379 msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6381 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6389 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -9869,7 +9857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6394 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -9878,7 +9866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6401 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -9888,7 +9876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6409 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -9899,7 +9887,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6416 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -9909,7 +9897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6421 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -9918,7 +9906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6429 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -9929,7 +9917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6436 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -9939,7 +9927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6449 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. " @@ -9955,7 +9943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6457 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -9966,7 +9954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6463 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -9975,7 +9963,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6470 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They tried " "creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -9986,7 +9974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6477 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -9996,7 +9984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6485 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10007,7 +9995,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6496 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10021,7 +10009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6501 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10030,7 +10018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6509 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10041,7 +10029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6517 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10052,7 +10040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6524 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10063,7 +10051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6529 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10072,7 +10060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6536 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10083,7 +10071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6546 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale " "up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10096,7 +10084,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6554 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10107,7 +10095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6560 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10117,7 +10105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6566 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10127,7 +10115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6574 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10139,7 +10127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6581 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10150,7 +10138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6590 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10163,7 +10151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6598 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10175,7 +10163,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6605 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10185,7 +10173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6614 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10198,7 +10186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6619 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The " @@ -10207,7 +10195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6626 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. " "These include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over " @@ -10217,7 +10205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6639 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10233,59 +10221,59 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646 msgid "www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646 msgid "www.capetowndeclaration.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646 msgid "cnx.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646 msgid "www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 msgid "## Sparkfun" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6651 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open " "hardware. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6653 msgid "www.sparkfun.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6657 msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6659 msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6667 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10295,7 +10283,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6672 msgid "" "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan " "said. “I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were " @@ -10304,7 +10292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10315,7 +10303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6688 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " "natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it " @@ -10326,7 +10314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6692 msgid "" "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory " "with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your " @@ -10334,7 +10322,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6700 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years " @@ -10346,7 +10334,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6708 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -10358,7 +10346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6717 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -10371,7 +10359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6724 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -10382,7 +10370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6731 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -10393,7 +10381,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6738 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping " @@ -10404,7 +10392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6742 msgid "" "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three " @@ -10412,7 +10400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6751 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -10425,7 +10413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6760 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -10437,7 +10425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6771 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -10452,7 +10440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6779 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -10464,7 +10452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6785 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -10474,7 +10462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6795 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -10487,7 +10475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6803 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -10499,7 +10487,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6811 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -10510,7 +10498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6825 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6823 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -10525,12 +10513,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6825 msgid "## TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6829 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the " @@ -10538,27 +10526,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6831 msgid "teachaids.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6833 msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6835 msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6837 msgid "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6844 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -10567,7 +10555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6855 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -10582,7 +10570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6873 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -10603,7 +10591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6883 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -10617,7 +10605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6887 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -10625,7 +10613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6900 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -10641,7 +10629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6907 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -10652,7 +10640,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6914 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -10663,7 +10651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6929 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6927 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -10679,7 +10667,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6941 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -10696,7 +10684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6958 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -10716,7 +10704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6969 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -10731,7 +10719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6978 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -10744,7 +10732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6986 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -10756,7 +10744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6997 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya " @@ -10771,7 +10759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7004 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -10782,7 +10770,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7011 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " "education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins " @@ -10793,12 +10781,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7013 msgid "## Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7017 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -10806,22 +10794,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7023 msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7025 msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7035 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -10832,7 +10820,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7043 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -10844,7 +10832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7051 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -10856,7 +10844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7057 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -10866,7 +10854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7064 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -10876,7 +10864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7072 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -10888,7 +10876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7090 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -10909,7 +10897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7101 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -10924,7 +10912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7108 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -10934,7 +10922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7117 msgid "" "A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in total, " "are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -10947,7 +10935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7126 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -10959,7 +10947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7135 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -10972,7 +10960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7142 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -10982,7 +10970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7147 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -10991,7 +10979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7154 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to " "work. With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing " @@ -11001,7 +10989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7163 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11014,7 +11002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7171 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11026,7 +11014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7182 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11040,7 +11028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7197 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11058,7 +11046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7206 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11071,56 +11059,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7211 msgid "www.instoremusicservice.com" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7211 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7213 msgid "## Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7216 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7218 msgid "wikimediafoundation.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7220 msgid "Revenue model: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7222 msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7225 msgid "" "Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, and " "Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7229 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7235 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the " @@ -11130,7 +11118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7239 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what " @@ -11138,7 +11126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7251 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11154,7 +11142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7256 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it " @@ -11163,7 +11151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11174,7 +11162,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7273 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11188,7 +11176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7293 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11211,7 +11199,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7306 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11227,7 +11215,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7317 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11241,7 +11229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7333 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11260,7 +11248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7341 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11272,7 +11260,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7350 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -11284,7 +11272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7358 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11296,7 +11284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7363 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11305,7 +11293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7368 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -11314,7 +11302,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7374 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it " @@ -11323,17 +11311,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7378 msgid "gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7380 msgid "## Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7385 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -11341,33 +11329,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7389 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7394 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7397 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7402 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. " @@ -11376,7 +11364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7407 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open " "Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. " @@ -11385,7 +11373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7412 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -11394,14 +11382,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7415 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the " "Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7423 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through " @@ -11412,54 +11400,54 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7426 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7429 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7432 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7434 msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7438 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7441 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7444 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7450 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -11469,7 +11457,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7454 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -11477,21 +11465,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7457 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7460 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7464 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " "at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. " @@ -11499,7 +11487,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7469 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -11508,21 +11496,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7472 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan " "Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7475 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7479 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " "Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -11530,21 +11518,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7482 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared " "Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7486 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "eds. Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7490 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -11552,124 +11540,124 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7493 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7496 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New York: " "Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7499 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7503 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7506 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7509 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7512 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7515 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7518 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520 msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7523 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7526 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being " "Creative. New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7529 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7532 msgid "" "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " "BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7535 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7538 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7541 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7545 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -11677,7 +11665,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7549 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at " @@ -11685,7 +11673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -11693,14 +11681,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7562 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -11710,7 +11698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7567 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. " @@ -11719,7 +11707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7572 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -11728,7 +11716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7576 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -11736,7 +11724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7580 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -11744,73 +11732,73 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7582 msgid "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7585 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7588 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7591 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7594 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7597 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing " "Economy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7600 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7603 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7606 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7608 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7612 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -11818,21 +11806,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7615 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7618 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7624 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -11842,7 +11830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7628 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. " @@ -11850,26 +11838,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7631 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. " "web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7634 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and " "Performance. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7636 msgid "## Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7642 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -11879,7 +11867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7646 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -11887,7 +11875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7652 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -11897,7 +11885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7657 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter " @@ -11906,7 +11894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7704 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -11955,7 +11943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8057 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " diff --git a/po/nb/mwcc.po b/po/nb/mwcc.po index 63eaa8c..65fde28 100644 --- a/po/nb/mwcc.po +++ b/po/nb/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-07-30 00:04-0500\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-07-31 12:59-0500\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2017-07-27 20:47+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen \n" "Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål