From: Gunnar Wolf Date: Sat, 9 Feb 2019 01:26:52 +0000 (-0600) Subject: Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' X-Git-Tag: es-printed~133 X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/commitdiff_plain/23b957c04adfb1a80e840a560c82b7866f3aad00?hp=f5adb5d3ca27e5d012336f86bb646ab2b720115c Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' --- diff --git a/MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md b/MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md index caf6876..26bb268 100644 --- a/MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md +++ b/MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md @@ -3671,6 +3671,7 @@ having to develop this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-through and readership---a benefit to both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides + research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data. @@ -4614,6 +4615,7 @@ entire process really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his work is a song rather than news. "There is something about being challenged and forced to take information that doesn't seem like it should be sung about + or doesn't seem like it lends itself to a song," he said. "I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that process." diff --git a/fixup.rb b/fixup.rb index d51475b..6ef4499 100644 --- a/fixup.rb +++ b/fixup.rb @@ -206,13 +206,13 @@ log 0, 'Join erroneously split paragraphs' 'the free download, the', # 3086 'openness to fans remixing the game---give', # 3087 'Attribution-', # 3307 - 'to both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides', # 3673 + 'both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides', # 3672 'get the “network effect”—', # 4002 'access to scholarly books. For Frances, the current scholarly-', # 4033 'for-', # 4288 'sales', # 4410 'contributing to the open', # 4438 - 'doesn\'t seem like it should be sung about', # 4616 + 'doesn’t seem like it should be sung about', # 4616 'songwriter, and he has found a way to keep it interesting for', # 4624 'building trust is the top', # 4793 'version', # 6023 diff --git a/pending.es.org b/pending.es.org index 07bf32c..68a8043 100644 --- a/pending.es.org +++ b/pending.es.org @@ -36,28 +36,32 @@ Spanish. And probably, in a fashion not everybody can understand. - Pág. 41 - Eliminar el texto /Capítulo/ del encabezado de cada capítulo - Nombre de persona citada fluye a la derecha, cambiar tipografía - +- Pág. 50 + - Cortar el título de subsección para que no corte la palabra +- Pág. 51 + - Cortar el título de subsección para que no corte la palabra * Correcciones no incorporadas - Pág. 9 - Jonathan Mann no es autor, es una de las personas entrevistadas - (sugiere: /+perfilado+ → autor/) + (sugiere: /Jonathan Mann, +perfilado+ → _autor_ en este libro/) - Mantengo en plural /Hechos con Creative Commons/. Si bien el libro lleva el título en singular, los autores hacen mucho este ``juego'' en inglés, y queda muy artificial quitarlo cada vez. - Pág. 17 - - Sugieres /+socializar+/ por /comunalizar/, pero acá se presenta como - definición —en línea con nuestro término ``el común'' / ``los - comunes''; me parece correcto dejarlo como está + - Sugieres /pero +comunalizar+ → _socializar_ –contribuir un + recurso/, pero acá se presenta como definición —en línea con + nuestro término ``el común'' / ``los comunes''; me parece correcto + dejarlo como está - Pág 21 - Se tu aversión por ``existir en''... Sin embargo, ``tienen cantidades limitadas'' tampoco me suena correcto. ¿Otra idea? - Pág. 30 - - Sugieres /+acerca de la +abundancia+ → creciente/. Entiendo que - hay cacofonía con la línea anterior, pero no me parece un - reemplazo correcto. Además, acá se está presentando el principio - de contraponer el motor económico de la escasez con el de la - abundancia. + - Sugieres /acerca de la +abundancia de la+ → _creciente_ + participación/. Entiendo que hay cacofonía con la línea anterior, + pero no me parece un reemplazo correcto. Además, acá se está + presentando el principio de contraponer el motor económico de la + escasez con el de la abundancia. - Pág. 33 - Se usa mucho la palabra /creciente/, pero en vez de eliminarla (cerca del centro de la página) la reemplacé por /cada vez @@ -66,12 +70,13 @@ Spanish. And probably, in a fashion not everybody can understand. desigualdad social, pobreza.../ — ¿Alguna recomendación para esas? - Pág. 45 - Sugieres /Ya sea para una persona creadora o para +un esfuerzo más - grande+ → varias/. Me parece que eso le quita mucho peso a la - frase. + grande+ → _varias_, usualmente no es suficiente.../ Me parece que + eso le quita mucho peso a la frase. - Mantengo en plural /Hechos con Creative Commons/. - Pág. 47: - - Sugieres /vigilar violaciones también +construye+ buena voluntad → - demuestra/. Me parece que es más correcta la versión original. + - Sugieres /vigilar violaciones también +construye+ → _demuestra_ + buena voluntad/. Me parece que es más correcta la versión + original. - Sugieres, /(...)tomó una decisión temprana de no prevenir que estudiantes accesaran su contenido/ → /tomó una decisión, no prevenir a los estudiants para que accesaran a su contenido/. Me @@ -85,8 +90,65 @@ Spanish. And probably, in a fashion not everybody can understand. las personas para+ que no copiaran su hardware/. Reemplazo por /impedir que las personas copiaran/ - No entiendo la última anotación. ¿Unir los párrafos? +- Pág. 54 + - Sugieres reemplazar /puede +ser instructivo+ → _servir_ tomar + distancia/. Consultando con el inglés, el énfasis está en que el + estudio sirva como ejemplo, como instrucción. ¿Alguna otra + alternativa? + - Sugieres agregar /En el mercado _de trabajo_./ No me parece + pertinente (no relata respecto a relaciones laborales) + - No me quedó claro lo que sugieres con toda la frase que le + sigue. Va completa, con mis cambios (que me parece que aclaran un + poco): + + #+BEGIN_QUOTE + En el mercado, la pregunta central al determinar cómo +traer+ + _atraer_ ingresos es +qué es lo que valora la gente y por qué + están dispuestos a pagar+ _con qué es que la gente está dispuesta + a pagar_. + #+END_QUOTE + + No me termina de convencer. Esa misma parte en inglés: + #+BEGIN_QUOTE + In the market, the central question when determining how to bring + in revenue is what value people are willing to pay for. + #+END_QUOTE +- Pág. 62 + - Marcas cambiar un punto por dos puntos al final del primer + párrafo. No entiendo el sentido de ese cambio. + - Reescribí buena parte del cuarto párrafo (/Obviamente.../), buscando representar + más claramente la versión original. Mi versión: + #+BEGIN_QUOTE + Obviamente, ser /Hecho con Creative Commons/ significa usar + licencias Creative Commons. Eso era lo que yo sabía. Pero en + nuestras entrevistas, las personas hablaron de mucho más que sólo + permisos de copyright cuando explicaban cómo compartir encajaba en + lo que ellos hacen. Mi punto de vista acerca del significado de + compartir era muy estrecha, y como resultado, estaba perdiendo una + gran parte del profundo significado detrás de Creative Commons. En + vez de analizar críticamente el papel estrecho y específico de la + licencia de copyright en la ecuación, es importante no separar el + resto de lo que acompaña a compartir. Es necesario abrir el ángulo + desde el cual se mira. + #+END_QUOTE +- Pág. 63 + - Mantengo el signo de admiración (y agrego el de apertura) para + /¡aunque en Estados Unidos, las coproraciones son personas!/. Me + parece que tiene una carga importante. +- Pág. 65 + - El título de la sección en inglés es /Treat humans like, well, + humans/. Dejo el título como estaba en el original (aunque lo mudo + a infinitivo). +- Pág. 66 + - En vez de tu sugerencia, /Cory Doctorow hace un +punto+ _alto_ + contestando cada correo/,reemplazo por /Cory Doctorow enfatiza la + importancia de contestar cada correo/. + - Sugieres /lo importante que es exponer sus principios +guía + francamente+ → _abierta y francamente_./ Me parece que queda más + fiel al original /lo ipmortante que es presentar sus lineamientos + abiertamente/. * Otras dudas - Pág. 12 diff --git a/po/de/mwcc.po b/po/de/mwcc.po index 748704d..aa49780 100644 --- a/po/de/mwcc.po +++ b/po/de/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-07 20:09+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:30+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-04 16:17+0000\n" "Last-Translator: ssantos \n" "Language-Team: German #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemacht mit Creative Commons" @@ -50,23 +50,23 @@ msgid "Pearson" msgstr "Pearson" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:16 msgid "2017 Creative Commons" msgstr "2017 Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21 -msgid "Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:19 +msgid "Gunnar Wolf" msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23 -msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:20 +msgid "Mexico City" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:22 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:60 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -87,19 +87,19 @@ msgstr "" ">" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:37 msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "von Paul Stacey & Sarah Hichliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:39 #, fuzzy #| msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons." msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017 von Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -108,14 +108,14 @@ msgstr "" "(CC BY-SA), Version 4.0." #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 msgid "" "ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " "(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:47 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, " @@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ msgstr "Herausgeber:" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:57 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Downloadable e-book available at " @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ msgstr "" "Herunterladbares e-Book erhältlich auf " #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:68 msgid "" "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " @@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ msgstr "" "Plattform Kickstarter.com veröffentlicht." #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on , and the translations are maintained on -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:79 msgid "Classifications:" msgstr "Klassifizierungen:" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:83 msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 msgid "(UDK) ?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:91 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:95 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " -"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . " -"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also " -"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length " -"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our " -"daily lives." -msgstr "" -"„Ich weiß nicht viel über Sachbuch-Journalismus... Die Weise, mit der ich " -"über diese Themen denke und insbesondere in Bezug darauf, was ich tun kann, " -"ist... Essays wie diese sind Anlässe, einer recht aufgeweckten Person mit " -"aber auch recht durchschnittlichem Gehalt zuzuschauen, wie diese den " -"verschiedensten Dingen viel mehr Zeit und Aufmerksamkeit widmet, als die " -"meisten von uns es in unserem Alltag tun könnten.“" - -#. type: Content of:
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:102 +#. type: Content of:
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:129 msgid "— David Foster Wallace" msgstr "— David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "Vorwort" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:136 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " @@ -246,7 +228,7 @@ msgstr "" "unter CC eine „falsche Fährte“." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:145 #, fuzzy msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " @@ -263,7 +245,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gesellschaft und kein Selbstzweck.“" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:153 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " @@ -273,7 +255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:161 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -284,7 +266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:170 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -294,7 +276,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:177 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -305,7 +287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -317,7 +299,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -330,7 +312,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:207 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -343,7 +325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -353,7 +335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:226 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -364,7 +346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:235 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -376,7 +358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:245 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -384,7 +366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:251 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -395,7 +377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:260 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -411,7 +393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -423,7 +405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -435,7 +417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:294 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -445,34 +427,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:308 msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:318 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -486,7 +468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -496,14 +478,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:343 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -513,7 +495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -523,7 +505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:359 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -534,7 +516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:368 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -546,14 +528,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:378 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:383 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -564,7 +546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -576,7 +558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -585,7 +567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -593,7 +575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:414 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -601,7 +583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -611,33 +593,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426 msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:430 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -649,7 +631,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -662,19 +644,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -689,17 +671,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:487 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -708,12 +690,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -726,14 +708,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511 msgid "" "Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of " "engagement with commons, state, and market." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:515 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -746,7 +728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:526 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -757,7 +739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -766,28 +748,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:674 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:978 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:553 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -799,12 +781,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:564 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -813,7 +795,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -825,7 +807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:584 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -835,23 +817,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:595 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -860,7 +842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:611 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -872,7 +854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:622 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -884,7 +866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:632 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -894,7 +876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:640 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -906,7 +888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources " @@ -918,12 +900,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -931,7 +913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -942,7 +924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -953,14 +935,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:690 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -977,23 +959,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:672 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1001,7 +983,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1011,7 +993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:737 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1019,12 +1001,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:750 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1035,12 +1017,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:756 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:758 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1049,7 +1031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1058,7 +1040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1069,7 +1051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1080,7 +1062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1091,7 +1073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1100,12 +1082,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1116,7 +1098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1126,7 +1108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1134,7 +1116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:826 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1147,23 +1129,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:802 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:863 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1171,7 +1153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:853 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1184,7 +1166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1199,25 +1181,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1229,7 +1211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1237,7 +1219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1257,7 +1239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1270,14 +1252,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1291,7 +1273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1300,23 +1282,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:982 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:990 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1324,12 +1306,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1004 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1337,12 +1319,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1350,28 +1332,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1029 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1045 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1388,7 +1370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1062 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1397,7 +1379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1053 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1410,7 +1392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1425,7 +1407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1433,7 +1415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1443,14 +1425,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1103 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1461,7 +1443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1469,7 +1451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1486,7 +1468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1496,14 +1478,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1148 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1515,7 +1497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1529,7 +1511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1539,7 +1521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1183 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1547,7 +1529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1177 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1561,22 +1543,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1204 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1197 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1592,7 +1574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1600,7 +1582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1219 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1610,7 +1592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1621,7 +1603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1629,7 +1611,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1234 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1642,14 +1624,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1669,7 +1651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1295 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1677,7 +1659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1691,7 +1673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1706,7 +1688,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1322 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1714,7 +1696,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1726,7 +1708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1331 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1735,7 +1717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1346 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1743,14 +1725,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1338 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1765,7 +1747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1773,7 +1755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1364 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1784,14 +1766,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1802,7 +1784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1380 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1817,7 +1799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1831,7 +1813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1841,7 +1823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1418 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1856,12 +1838,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1443 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1870,7 +1852,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1449 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1880,7 +1862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1458 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1894,7 +1876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1471 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1908,7 +1890,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1916,7 +1898,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1932,7 +1914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1946,7 +1928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1517 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1961,7 +1943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1531 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1977,7 +1959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1986,12 +1968,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1555 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -2004,7 +1986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1567 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2014,7 +1996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2026,7 +2008,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1585 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2036,7 +2018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2045,7 +2027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2060,7 +2042,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2071,7 +2053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2082,19 +2064,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemacht mit Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2111,7 +2093,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2123,7 +2105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2131,7 +2113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2142,7 +2124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1684 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2150,7 +2132,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1679 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2163,7 +2145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2172,7 +2154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1704 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2184,7 +2166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2197,7 +2179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2207,7 +2189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2222,7 +2204,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1748 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2236,7 +2218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2246,14 +2228,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1774 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2268,7 +2250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1787 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2280,7 +2262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2292,7 +2274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1807 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2300,7 +2282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2313,12 +2295,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2333,7 +2315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2341,7 +2323,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1840 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2355,12 +2337,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1868 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1857 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2378,7 +2360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1876 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2393,7 +2375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1889 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2403,7 +2385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2411,26 +2393,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1902 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1927 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2451,26 +2433,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1952 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2489,12 +2471,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1966 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2511,12 +2493,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2525,7 +2507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2538,12 +2520,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2554,7 +2536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2020 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2565,7 +2547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2582,12 +2564,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2050 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2045 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2599,12 +2581,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2059 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2618,19 +2600,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2080 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2644,7 +2626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2092 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2654,12 +2636,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2675,17 +2657,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2697,12 +2679,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2710,7 +2692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2141 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2728,7 +2710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2743,7 +2725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2180 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2758,7 +2740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2769,12 +2751,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2785,12 +2767,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2230 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2807,7 +2789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2824,12 +2806,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2252 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2838,12 +2820,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2262 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2857,29 +2839,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2292 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2279 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2896,12 +2878,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2913,17 +2895,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2336 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2328 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2939,12 +2921,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2349 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -2953,7 +2935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2351 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -2971,12 +2953,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2988,7 +2970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2999,24 +2981,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2399 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -3028,12 +3010,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3051,12 +3033,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3070,7 +3052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3081,7 +3063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3090,24 +3072,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2479 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3120,17 +3102,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2496 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2504 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3154,12 +3136,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3170,12 +3152,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2543 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2546 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3184,12 +3166,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2564 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3205,22 +3187,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3236,12 +3218,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3255,17 +3237,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2614 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3279,13 +3261,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2636 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3296,12 +3278,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3314,12 +3296,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2661 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3328,7 +3310,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3342,7 +3324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3352,17 +3334,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3372,13 +3354,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2709 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3393,12 +3375,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3411,12 +3393,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3434,7 +3416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2762 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3445,12 +3427,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3467,7 +3449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3478,7 +3460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2800 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3486,7 +3468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2805 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3494,7 +3476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3507,7 +3489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3522,7 +3504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3531,19 +3513,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3554,14 +3536,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3577,7 +3559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3591,12 +3573,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2893 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3609,22 +3591,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2909 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3638,17 +3620,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2931 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3665,22 +3647,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3698,12 +3680,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3716,12 +3698,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3735,22 +3717,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3030 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3764,7 +3746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3772,17 +3754,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3047 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3059 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3798,12 +3780,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3816,7 +3798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3079 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3829,12 +3811,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3095 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3844,19 +3826,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3104 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3869,17 +3851,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3138 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3120 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3896,17 +3878,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3922,19 +3904,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3943,14 +3925,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3966,7 +3948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -3974,7 +3956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3990,7 +3972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3221 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -4002,28 +3984,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3238 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3027 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -4039,12 +4021,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3258 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4057,17 +4039,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4088,19 +4070,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4116,14 +4098,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4137,14 +4119,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4159,29 +4141,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3376 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4190,12 +4172,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3390 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4206,12 +4188,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3401 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4219,12 +4201,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3413 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3418 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4233,12 +4215,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3426 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4246,12 +4228,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3444 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4260,7 +4242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3451 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4268,31 +4250,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3464 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3476 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4305,7 +4287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3492 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4320,7 +4302,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4335,7 +4317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4344,7 +4326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3526 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4358,12 +4340,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4371,17 +4353,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4393,7 +4375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3561 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4403,24 +4385,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3578 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4428,38 +4410,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5475 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6916 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7744 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3599 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4475,7 +4457,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3613 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4486,7 +4468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4497,7 +4479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3632 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4509,7 +4491,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4520,7 +4502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4531,7 +4513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4546,7 +4528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3673 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4562,7 +4544,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4573,7 +4555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4583,7 +4565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4597,7 +4579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3715 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4610,12 +4592,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3726 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4629,7 +4611,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3742 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4644,7 +4626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4658,7 +4640,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4670,7 +4652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4681,12 +4663,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3786 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4703,7 +4685,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3805 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4713,7 +4695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4724,7 +4706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4732,12 +4714,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4745,45 +4727,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3836 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3839 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3843 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5777 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7228 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8762 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3854 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4792,12 +4774,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3860 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3863 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4810,7 +4792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3875 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4825,7 +4807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3888 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4838,7 +4820,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4849,7 +4831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4859,7 +4841,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4869,7 +4851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3924 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4886,7 +4868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4896,7 +4878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4909,7 +4891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4921,7 +4903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3969 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4931,7 +4913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4939,7 +4921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3982 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -4954,7 +4936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4965,7 +4947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -4975,7 +4957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4013 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4985,43 +4967,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4033 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4038 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -5034,7 +5016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4060 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -5046,7 +5028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5055,7 +5037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5068,7 +5050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4088 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5082,7 +5064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4101 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5093,7 +5075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4110 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5105,7 +5087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4120 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5117,7 +5099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4130 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5127,7 +5109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5142,7 +5124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5154,7 +5136,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5165,7 +5147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5182,7 +5164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5191,7 +5173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5202,7 +5184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5211,7 +5193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5223,46 +5205,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4224 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4229 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4236 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4240 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4248 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5271,7 +5253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5283,7 +5265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5293,7 +5275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5302,7 +5284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5312,15 +5294,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " -"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " -"cult following." +"download, the" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290 +msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +msgid "the game a massive cult following." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5335,7 +5326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5343,7 +5334,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4315 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5352,7 +5343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5368,7 +5359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5376,7 +5367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5385,7 +5376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5396,7 +5387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4356 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5411,7 +5402,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5421,7 +5412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5430,7 +5421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5445,7 +5436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5458,7 +5449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5471,7 +5462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5481,7 +5472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5492,7 +5483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4436 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5502,7 +5493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4444 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5511,12 +5502,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5524,12 +5515,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4460 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5537,13 +5528,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4472 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4480 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5554,7 +5545,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4490 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5564,7 +5555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5585,7 +5576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5600,7 +5591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4531 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5614,7 +5605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4544 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5626,12 +5617,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4555 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5648,7 +5639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4574 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5662,7 +5653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4586 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5672,7 +5663,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5683,7 +5674,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4603 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5695,7 +5686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5706,7 +5697,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5716,7 +5707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5728,7 +5719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5738,7 +5729,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5746,7 +5737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5756,38 +5747,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4666 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4670 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4687 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5798,7 +5789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4696 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5806,7 +5797,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4701 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5818,7 +5809,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4712 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5826,7 +5817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5844,7 +5835,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4734 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5860,7 +5851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4748 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5872,7 +5863,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4758 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5884,7 +5875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5899,7 +5890,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5909,7 +5900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4789 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5919,7 +5910,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5936,7 +5927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4812 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5952,7 +5943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5968,7 +5959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4842 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -5981,7 +5972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4853 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5994,7 +5985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -6007,7 +5998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4875 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -6020,7 +6011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -6030,17 +6021,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4895 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4899 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6048,29 +6039,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4915 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4919 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6083,7 +6074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4938 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6091,7 +6082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4943 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6102,7 +6093,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6111,7 +6102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4959 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6119,7 +6110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4965 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6130,7 +6121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6140,7 +6131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6149,7 +6140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4988 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6159,7 +6150,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6168,7 +6159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6181,7 +6172,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6193,7 +6184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6202,14 +6193,19 @@ msgid "" "this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data " "also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-" "through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and " -"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide " -"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and " -"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons " -"licenses for the data." +"researchers. Figshare now provides" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036 +msgid "" +"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " +"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " +"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6221,7 +6217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6233,7 +6229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6247,7 +6243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5075 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6259,7 +6255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6270,21 +6266,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6298,7 +6294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6311,12 +6307,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5123 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6330,7 +6326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6340,7 +6336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5146 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6355,12 +6351,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6368,37 +6364,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5170 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6419,7 +6415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6432,7 +6428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5222 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6447,7 +6443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6465,14 +6461,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5253 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6490,7 +6486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6505,7 +6501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6525,7 +6521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5305 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6534,7 +6530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6551,7 +6547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5327 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6566,12 +6562,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6581,12 +6577,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5353 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6595,7 +6591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6604,7 +6600,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6618,7 +6614,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6630,7 +6626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6645,7 +6641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5405 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6656,7 +6652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6664,7 +6660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6672,7 +6668,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6685,7 +6681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6694,7 +6690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5445 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6706,7 +6702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6714,7 +6710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5459 msgid "" "users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " "use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " @@ -6722,12 +6718,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6735,30 +6731,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5481 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6775,7 +6771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6784,7 +6780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6793,7 +6789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6811,7 +6807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6822,7 +6818,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6833,7 +6829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6843,7 +6839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6856,35 +6852,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6893,7 +6889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6901,12 +6897,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5617 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6915,7 +6911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6927,14 +6923,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5642 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6948,7 +6944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6961,7 +6957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5666 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6977,7 +6973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6985,7 +6981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6997,7 +6993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5697 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7005,7 +7001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5702 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7013,7 +7009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7025,13 +7021,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7044,7 +7040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5732 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7056,7 +7052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7066,7 +7062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7080,14 +7076,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7100,7 +7096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7113,48 +7109,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5795 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7178,7 +7174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7190,7 +7186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5856 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7201,7 +7197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5865 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7211,7 +7207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7226,33 +7222,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5895 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5908 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7262,7 +7258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5922 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7272,7 +7268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5930 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7281,7 +7277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7292,7 +7288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7310,7 +7306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7323,7 +7319,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7336,7 +7332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7346,7 +7342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7359,7 +7355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7369,7 +7365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7383,7 +7379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7395,7 +7391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7407,7 +7403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6045 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7418,7 +7414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7431,7 +7427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7442,7 +7438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7451,7 +7447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6080 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7464,7 +7460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6092 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7476,26 +7472,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6104 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6115 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7503,12 +7499,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7522,7 +7518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7535,7 +7531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7544,7 +7540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6159 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7556,7 +7552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7573,7 +7569,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7584,7 +7580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7595,7 +7591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7606,7 +7602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7618,7 +7614,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7628,7 +7624,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7640,7 +7636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7654,7 +7650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7663,15 +7659,20 @@ msgid "" "thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then " "he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process " "really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his " -"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being " -"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should " -"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he " -"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy " -"getting lost in that process.</quote>" +"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged " +"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 +msgid "" +"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find " +"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that " +"process.</quote>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7680,7 +7681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7694,7 +7695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7705,7 +7706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7715,7 +7716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7725,7 +7726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7733,12 +7734,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7746,30 +7747,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7777,7 +7778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7788,7 +7789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7798,7 +7799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7808,14 +7809,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6380 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7827,7 +7828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7837,7 +7838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7848,7 +7849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7857,7 +7858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6412 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7872,7 +7873,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6426 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7885,7 +7886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7895,7 +7896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7911,7 +7912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7926,7 +7927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7934,7 +7935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7947,14 +7948,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6131 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6488 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7963,7 +7964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7972,7 +7973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6504 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7987,7 +7988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6518 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7997,7 +7998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8006,7 +8007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8017,7 +8018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8026,7 +8027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8038,7 +8039,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8047,7 +8048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8059,7 +8060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8071,12 +8072,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6589 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6592 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8084,31 +8085,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8120,7 +8121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8134,7 +8135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8144,38 +8145,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8186,7 +8187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8196,7 +8197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8206,7 +8207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8216,19 +8217,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6711 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8243,7 +8244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8258,7 +8259,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8269,7 +8270,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8279,7 +8280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6760 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8290,13 +8291,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8304,7 +8305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8314,7 +8315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8323,7 +8324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8334,7 +8335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8347,14 +8348,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8362,7 +8363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8373,12 +8374,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8389,7 +8390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6853 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8398,7 +8399,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8407,7 +8408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6866 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8426,7 +8427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8434,7 +8435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8443,46 +8444,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8490,32 +8491,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8524,7 +8525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8542,7 +8543,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8551,7 +8552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8564,7 +8565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8574,7 +8575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8582,7 +8583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8592,12 +8593,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7029 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8606,7 +8607,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7034 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8615,7 +8616,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7041 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8627,12 +8628,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7051 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8645,7 +8646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7065 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8653,14 +8654,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8668,14 +8669,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8683,7 +8684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8692,14 +8693,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8708,24 +8709,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8738,34 +8739,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7146 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7163 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8773,7 +8774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8783,7 +8784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8794,7 +8795,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8804,7 +8805,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8814,12 +8815,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8831,7 +8832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8841,29 +8842,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7247 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8871,28 +8872,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7280 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8905,7 +8906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8915,7 +8916,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8923,12 +8924,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7306 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8936,31 +8937,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7314 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7317 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7322 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8974,7 +8975,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8987,7 +8988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -9001,14 +9002,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9021,7 +9022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9032,7 +9033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9042,7 +9043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7400 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9051,12 +9052,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7407 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9066,7 +9067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9075,7 +9076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9088,7 +9089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9100,7 +9101,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9112,7 +9113,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9125,7 +9126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7467 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9135,7 +9136,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9147,7 +9148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7485 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9162,7 +9163,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9173,7 +9174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9187,7 +9188,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7519 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9206,7 +9207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9218,7 +9219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7547 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9230,7 +9231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9242,34 +9243,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9278,7 +9279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9287,7 +9288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9297,7 +9298,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7619 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9310,22 +9311,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7640 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9334,12 +9335,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9347,7 +9348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9356,7 +9357,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9365,7 +9366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9376,7 +9377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9392,7 +9393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9405,7 +9406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9419,7 +9420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7720 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9433,7 +9434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9452,7 +9453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9462,7 +9463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9474,7 +9475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7768 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9488,7 +9489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7780 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9500,7 +9501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7790 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9511,7 +9512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9523,7 +9524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9535,7 +9536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9546,7 +9547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9558,7 +9559,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7837 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9573,7 +9574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7850 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9585,7 +9586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7860 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9597,12 +9598,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9610,30 +9611,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7888 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9649,7 +9650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9663,7 +9664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9677,7 +9678,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9691,7 +9692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9705,7 +9706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9717,7 +9718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9725,7 +9726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9743,7 +9744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9754,7 +9755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9762,7 +9763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9773,7 +9774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8014 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9782,7 +9783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8020 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9793,7 +9794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9803,7 +9804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9827,7 +9828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9835,7 +9836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8066 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9844,7 +9845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8073 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9858,7 +9859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9867,7 +9868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9885,7 +9886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9897,17 +9898,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9923,7 +9924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9935,7 +9936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9947,7 +9948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9955,24 +9956,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9980,19 +9981,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10009,7 +10010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10025,7 +10026,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10036,12 +10037,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8234 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10057,7 +10058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8252 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10071,7 +10072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10086,7 +10087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8279 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10099,7 +10100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10115,7 +10116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10126,7 +10127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10141,12 +10142,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10157,7 +10158,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10170,7 +10171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8351 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10179,7 +10180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8358 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10192,14 +10193,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8380 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10213,7 +10214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10222,14 +10223,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8404 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10247,7 +10248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10255,7 +10256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10266,7 +10267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10281,7 +10282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8440 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10301,42 +10302,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10349,7 +10350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10363,7 +10364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10374,7 +10375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10387,7 +10388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10400,7 +10401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10413,7 +10414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10429,7 +10430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10445,7 +10446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10457,7 +10458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10466,7 +10467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8602 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10478,7 +10479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10492,7 +10493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10504,7 +10505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10514,7 +10515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10532,7 +10533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10541,12 +10542,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8667 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10554,29 +10555,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8685 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10586,7 +10587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10595,7 +10596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10605,12 +10606,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8720 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10622,7 +10623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10632,7 +10633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10641,12 +10642,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10658,7 +10659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10668,7 +10669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10684,12 +10685,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8778 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10701,7 +10702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10710,7 +10711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8797 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10721,7 +10722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10732,7 +10733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8813 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10743,7 +10744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10757,7 +10758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8835 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10766,7 +10767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8841 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10777,7 +10778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8850 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10789,7 +10790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10800,7 +10801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8868 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10809,7 +10810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10820,7 +10821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10833,7 +10834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10844,7 +10845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10854,12 +10855,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8911 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10869,7 +10870,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10881,7 +10882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10892,7 +10893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10905,7 +10906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10917,7 +10918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10927,7 +10928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10940,7 +10941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10949,7 +10950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10959,7 +10960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10975,42 +10976,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9026 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11020,7 +11021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11029,7 +11030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9051 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11040,7 +11041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11052,7 +11053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9070 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11061,7 +11062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9076 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11073,7 +11074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9086 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11085,7 +11086,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11098,7 +11099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11109,7 +11110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11120,7 +11121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11130,7 +11131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11139,7 +11140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11152,7 +11153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11164,7 +11165,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11180,7 +11181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11192,7 +11193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11202,7 +11203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11216,7 +11217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9205 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11229,7 +11230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11241,7 +11242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11256,12 +11257,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11269,29 +11270,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9251 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11300,7 +11301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11315,7 +11316,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9285 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11336,7 +11337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11350,7 +11351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9317 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11358,7 +11359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9323 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11375,7 +11376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9339 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11386,7 +11387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9348 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11397,7 +11398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11413,7 +11414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11430,7 +11431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11450,7 +11451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11465,7 +11466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11478,7 +11479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11490,7 +11491,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11505,7 +11506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11516,7 +11517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11527,12 +11528,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11540,24 +11541,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11568,7 +11569,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11580,7 +11581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11592,7 +11593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11602,7 +11603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11612,12 +11613,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11630,7 +11631,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11651,7 +11652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11666,7 +11667,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11676,12 +11677,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11694,7 +11695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11706,7 +11707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11719,7 +11720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11729,7 +11730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9648 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11738,7 +11739,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11748,7 +11749,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11761,7 +11762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11772,7 +11773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11786,7 +11787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11804,7 +11805,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11817,46 +11818,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9743 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11866,7 +11867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11874,7 +11875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11890,7 +11891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11899,7 +11900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9789 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11910,7 +11911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11924,7 +11925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9810 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11947,7 +11948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9834 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11964,7 +11965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9850 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11978,14 +11979,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9876 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9862 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12005,7 +12006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9885 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12017,7 +12018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9895 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12029,7 +12030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9906 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12041,7 +12042,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9915 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12050,7 +12051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9921 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12059,7 +12060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9928 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12069,12 +12070,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9939 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9941 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12082,33 +12083,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9947 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9952 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9955 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9959 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9963 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12117,7 +12118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9970 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12125,7 +12126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9976 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12134,14 +12135,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9982 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9986 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12153,56 +12154,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9996 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10000 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10004 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10008 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10012 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10017 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10021 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10025 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12213,7 +12214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10032 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12221,21 +12222,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10037 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10042 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10046 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12244,7 +12245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10052 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12253,14 +12254,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10059 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10063 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12268,7 +12269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10068 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12277,21 +12278,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10074 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10078 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10083 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12299,91 +12300,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10088 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10092 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10096 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10100 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10105 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10109 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10113 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10117 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10121 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10126 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10130 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10134 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10138 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12391,28 +12392,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10143 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10147 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10151 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10155 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12420,7 +12421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10161 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12428,7 +12429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10167 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12437,14 +12438,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10173 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10177 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12454,7 +12455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10185 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12463,7 +12464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10191 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12472,7 +12473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10197 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12480,7 +12481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10202 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12488,74 +12489,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10207 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10211 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10215 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10219 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10223 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10227 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10231 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10235 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10239 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10243 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10247 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12563,21 +12564,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10252 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10256 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10260 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12587,7 +12588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10268 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12595,7 +12596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10274 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12603,19 +12604,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10279 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10284 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10286 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12625,7 +12626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10293 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12633,7 +12634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10298 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12643,7 +12644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10306 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12652,7 +12653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10312 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12701,7 +12702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10363 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -13036,6 +13037,22 @@ msgid "" "ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " +#~ "that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . " +#~ "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but " +#~ "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more " +#~ "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance " +#~ "to in our daily lives.</quote>" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "„Ich weiß nicht viel über Sachbuch-Journalismus... Die Weise, mit der ich " +#~ "über diese Themen denke und insbesondere in Bezug darauf, was ich tun " +#~ "kann, ist... Essays wie diese sind Anlässe, einer recht aufgeweckten " +#~ "Person mit aber auch recht durchschnittlichem Gehalt zuzuschauen, wie " +#~ "diese den verschiedensten Dingen viel mehr Zeit und Aufmerksamkeit " +#~ "widmet, als die meisten von uns es in unserem Alltag tun könnten.“" + #~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" #~ msgstr "Gemacht Mit Creative Commons" diff --git a/po/es/mwcc.po b/po/es/mwcc.po index a1ae979..097e10f 100644 --- a/po/es/mwcc.po +++ b/po/es/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-07 20:09+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-06 12:30-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-24 14:00+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Gunnar Wolf <gwolf@gwolf.org>\n" "Language-Team: Spanish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -2544,18 +2544,13 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, " -#| "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at " -#| "<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" "\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." msgstr "" -"Alex Osterwalder e Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " -"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. Una previsualización del libro está " +"Alex Osterwalder e Yves Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis> (Hoboken, NJ: " +"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Una previsualización del libro está " "disponible en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-" "generation\"/>." @@ -3661,16 +3656,12 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " -#| "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" "David Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the " -"Life of the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." +"Life of the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 @@ -3946,12 +3937,12 @@ msgid "" "what <quote>©</quote> means), which do you think people are more likely to " "share?" msgstr "" -"El poner una licencia Creative Commons en su contenido no lo hará viral de " +"El poner una licencia Creative Commons (CC) en su contenido no lo hará viral de " "forma automática, pero eliminar barreras legales para copiar su trabajo " "ciertamente no puede afectar las probabilidades de que su trabajo vaya a ser " "compartido. La licencia CC simboliza que compartir es bienvenido. Puede " "funcionar como una pequeña palmada en la espalda para quienes encuentran el " -"trabajo—un pequeño empujón para copiar el trabajo si tienen algún interés " +"trabajo —un pequeño empujón para copiarlo si tienen algún interés " "por hacerlo. Con todas las demás cosas iguales, si una pieza de contenido " "tiene una seña que dice Compartir y la otra dice No Compartir (que es lo que " "<quote>©</quote> significa), ¿cuál cree que sea más probable que las " @@ -3967,16 +3958,16 @@ msgid "" "their academic authors who want to reach as many readers as possible." msgstr "" "The Conversation es un sitio de noticias en línea con artículos profundos " -"escritos por personas académicas que son expertas en temas particulares. " +"escritos por personas académicas que son expertas en temas específicos. " "Todos los artículos están licenciados con CC, y son copiados y compartidos " "en otros sitios, a propósito. El efecto proliferador, que ellos rastrean, es " -"una parte central del valor para autores y autoras académicas que quieren " +"una parte central del valor para los autores y las autoras académicas que quieren " "alcanzar tantas personas lectoras como sea posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." -msgstr "Anderson, Free, 123." +msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 123." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1980 @@ -4004,7 +3995,7 @@ msgstr "" "(esto es, sin costo), pero la misma lógica aplica a hacer contenido que se " "pueda compartir libremente. Como el contenido licenciado con CC es gratis " "(sin costo) y puede ser copiado de forma libre, el licenciamiento CC lo hace " -"aun más accesible y que sea más probable que prolifere." +"aún más accesible y que sea más probable que prolifere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002 @@ -4048,7 +4039,7 @@ msgid "" "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " "rarely they are invoked.</quote>" msgstr "" -"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005), " +"James Surowiecki, <emphasis>The Wisdom of Crowds</emphasis> (Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005), " "124. Surowiecki dice, <quote>La medida del éxito de leyes y contratos es qué " "tan poco frecuentemente son invocados.</quote>" @@ -4069,7 +4060,7 @@ msgid "" "those wishes. This is particularly the case for something as straightforward " "and consistent with basic notions of fairness as providing credit." msgstr "" -"Cada licencia Creative Commons requiere que se de crédito a la persona " +"Cada licencia Creative Commons requiere que se dé crédito a la persona " "autora, y que quienes lo reutilicen brinden un enlace de vuelta a la fuente " "original del material. CC0, no una licencia sino una herramienta usada para " "poner trabajos en el dominio público, no hace a la atribución un " @@ -4102,7 +4093,7 @@ msgstr "" "El hecho de que el nombre de la persona creadora sigue a un trabajo " "licenciado con CC hace a las licencias un medio importante para desarrollar " "una reputación, o en términos corporativos, una marca. El impulso de asociar " -"su nombre con su trabajo no se basa solo en motivaciones comerciales, es " +"su nombre con su trabajo no se basa sólo en motivaciones comerciales, es " "fundamental para la autoría. Knowledge Unlatched es una organización sin " "fines de lucro que ayuda a subsidiar la producción de textos académicos " "impresos licenciados con CC, juntando contribuciones de bibliotecas de " @@ -4133,7 +4124,7 @@ msgstr "" "plataforma para diseñadores de muebles para que puedan compartir sus " "diseños. Los consumidores a quienes les gustan esos diseños pueden luego ser " "contactados con fabricantes locales que pueden convertir los diseños en " -"muebles reales. El hecho de que yo, sentado en el medio de los Estados " +"muebles reales. El hecho de que yo, sentado en el medio de Estados " "Unidos, pueda elegir un diseño creado por alguien en Tokio y trabajar luego " "con un fabricante dentro de mi comunidad para transformar el diseño en algo " "tangible es parte del poder de su plataforma. La procedencia del diseño es " @@ -4152,7 +4143,7 @@ msgstr "" "Conocer la fuente de un trabajo también es crítico para asegurar su " "credibilidad. De la misma forma en que las marcas están diseñadas para " "otorgar a los consumidores una forma de identificar la fuente y la calidad " -"de un servicio o una mercadería en particular, conocer el autor de una obra " +"de un servicio o una mercadería en particular, conocer al autor de una obra " "le da al público una forma de evaluar su credibilidad. En tiempos en que los " "discursos en línea están plagados de desinformación, ser una fuente " "confiable de información es más valioso que nunca." @@ -4173,18 +4164,18 @@ msgid "" "performance of the CC content. In all cases, the CC content can attract " "people to your other product or service." msgstr "" -"Como detallaremos más adelante, muchos emprendimientos Hechos con Creative " -"Commons hacen dinero a través de proveer un producto o un servicio distinto " -"que la obra licenciada con una licencia CC. A veces ese otro producto o " -"servicio no tiene ninguna relación con el contenido licenciado con CC. Otras " +"Como detallaremos más adelante, muchos emprendimientos <emphasis>Hechos con Creative " +"Commons</emphasis> hacen dinero mediante proveer un producto o un servicio distinto " +"que la obra con una licencia CC. A veces ese otro producto o " +"servicio no tiene ninguna relación con el contenido licenciado con éstas. Otras " "veces es un copia física o un espectáculo en vivo del contenido licenciado " -"con CC. En todos los casos, el contenido licenciado con CC puede atraer y " -"llevar a la gente al otro producto o servicio." +"con CC. En todos los casos, el contenido licenciado puede atraer y " +"llevar a la gente a otro producto o servicio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." -msgstr "Anderson, Free, 44." +msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2087 @@ -4202,8 +4193,8 @@ msgid "" "bought in music stores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Free can be " "a form of promotion." msgstr "" -"Frances Pinter, de Knowledge Unlatched, nos contó que ella ha visto una y " -"otra vez cómo ofrecer contenido licenciado con una licencia CC —esto es, " +"Frances Pinter, de Knowledge Unlatched, nos contó que ha visto una y " +"otra vez cómo ofrecer contenido con una licencia CC —esto es, " "contenido digital gratuito— de hecho incrementa las ventas de las " "mercaderías impresas porque funciona como una herramienta publicitaria. " "Vemos este fenómeno regularmente con las obras de arte famosas. La Mona Lisa " @@ -4233,10 +4224,10 @@ msgid "" "and resources marketing those services (and by extension, the OpenStax " "textbooks)." msgstr "" -"En algunos casos, lo semprendimientos que están Hechos con Creative Commons " +"En algunos casos, los emprendimientos que están Hechos con Creative Commons " "ni siquiera necesitan tener equipos dedicados a la publicidad o tener " -"presupuestos para publicidad. Cartas contra la humanidad es un juego de " -"cartas licenciado con una licencia CC y disponible para la descarga " +"presupuestos para publicidad. <emphasis>Cartas contra la humanidad</emphasis> es un juego de " +"cartas con una licencia CC y disponible para la descarga " "gratuita. Y gracias a esto (gracias a la licencia CC que tiene el juego), " "los creadores dicen que es uno de los juegos mejor publicitados en el mundo " "y que nunca han gastado ni un centavo en hacerle publicidad. El editor de " @@ -4245,7 +4236,7 @@ msgstr "" "físicas, lo que los hace mucho más atractivos a los estudiantes que luego " "los demandan en sus universidades. También se asocian con proveedores de " "servicios que construyen sobre el contenido licenciado con CC y, a cambio, " -"gastan dinero yrecursos publicitando esos servicios (y, por extensión, los " +"gastan dinero y recursos publicitando esos servicios (y, por extensión, los " "libros de texto de OpenStax)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> @@ -4287,8 +4278,8 @@ msgid "" "customize and update the content is critically important for its usefulness. " "For photography, the ability to adapt a photo is less important." msgstr "" -"Cuatro de las seis licencias de Creative Commons habilitan a los remixadores " -"tomar algo, construir sobre o de otra manera adaptar el trabajo. Dependiendo " +"Cuatro de las seis licencias de Creative Commons habilitan a los remezcladores " +"para tomar algo, construir sobre lo ya hecho, o adaptar el trabajo de otra manera. Dependiendo " "del contexto, la adaptación pueden significar cosas extremadamente " "diferentes —traducir, actualizar, contextualizar, mejorar, transformar. " "Permite que una obra sea customizada para necesidades particulares, usos, " @@ -4302,7 +4293,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2151 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." -msgstr "Anderson, Free, 67." +msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 67." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2156 @@ -4312,7 +4303,7 @@ msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 58." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." -msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 71." +msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Makers</emphasis>, 71." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2164 @@ -4320,8 +4311,8 @@ msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" -"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " -"Collaborators (Londres: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." +"Clay Shirky, <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " +"Collaborators</emphasis> (Londres: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2146 @@ -4340,8 +4331,8 @@ msgid "" "created by someone else.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" msgstr "" "Esta es una forma de contrarrestar un potencial aspecto negativo de la " -"abundancia del contenido libre y abierto descripto más arriba. Como Anderson " -"escribió en Free, <quote>las personas a menudo no se preocupan tanto de las " +"abundancia del contenido libre y abierto descrito más arriba. Como Anderson " +"escribió en <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, <quote>las personas a menudo no se preocupan tanto de las " "cosas por las que no pagaron, y como resultado no piensan tanto sobre cómo " "las consumen</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Si el " "pequeño acto volitivo de pagar incluso un centavo por algo cambia nuestra " @@ -4371,10 +4362,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Comprometerse activamente con el contenido nos ayuda a evitar el tipo de " "consumo sin sentido que conoce muy bien cualquiera que haya revisado durante " -"una hora sus redes sociales sin prestar atención. En su libro Superávit " -"Cognitivo (<quote>Cognitive Surplus</quote>) Clay Shirky dice: " +"una hora sus redes sociales sin prestar atención. En su libro <emphasis>Superávit " +"Cognitivo</emphasis> (<emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>) Clay Shirky dice: " "<quote>Participar es actuar como si tu presencia importara, como si, cuando " -"ves algo o escuchás algo, tu respuesta fuera parte del evento</quote>." +"ves algo o escuchas algo, tu respuesta fuera parte del evento</quote>." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Abrir la puerta a tu contenido " "puede hacer que la gente se conecte más profundamente con tu trabajo." @@ -4386,7 +4377,7 @@ msgstr "Usar CC para diferenciarse" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2192 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." -msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." +msgstr "Doctorow, <emphasis>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</emphasis>, 43." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2185 @@ -4415,7 +4406,7 @@ msgstr "" "ventaja competitiva. David Harris de OpenStax dijo que ellos específicamente " "persiguen estrategias que saben que los editores tradicionales no pueden " "buscar. <quote>No vayas al mercado y juegues según las reglas impuestas</" -"quote>, dijo David. <quote>Cambia las reglas del juego</quote>." +"quote>, dijo David. <quote>Cambia las reglas del juego.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 @@ -4431,8 +4422,8 @@ msgid "" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgstr "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, y Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " -"Nonprofit Funding Models</quote>, Stanford Social Innovation Review, " -"Primavera 2009, <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +"Nonprofit Funding Models</quote>, <emphasis>Stanford Social Innovation Review</emphasis>, " +"Primavera de 2009, <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> @@ -4463,15 +4454,15 @@ msgstr "" "de ganancia utilizados por los emprendimientos Hechos con Creative Commons " "están directamente atados al valor que generan, donde el receptor está " "pagando por el valor que reciben, como cualquier transacción estándar en el " -"mercado. Aún así, en muchos otros casos,en vez del típico intercambio quid " -"pro quo de dinero por valor que típicamente conduce a las transacciones en " +"mercado. Aún así, en muchos otros casos, en vez del típico intercambio <emphasis>quid " +"pro quo</emphasis> de dinero por valor que típicamente conduce a las transacciones en " "el mercado, el receptor entrega dinero a partir de un sentido de " "reciprocidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." -msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." +msgstr "Shirky, <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>, 111." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2227 @@ -4509,7 +4500,7 @@ msgstr "" "empresas que entrevistamos. Hay matices escondidos en las formas específicas " "en que cada uno de ellos hace dinero, así que es un poco peligroso " "generalizar demasiado sobre lo que han aprendido. Sin embargo, puede ser " -"instructivo tomar distancia para observar y ver las cosas desde un nivel más " +"instructivo tomar distancia para observar las cosas desde un nivel más " "alto de abstracción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> @@ -4520,7 +4511,7 @@ msgstr "Flujos de ingresos basados en el mercado" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2253 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." -msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." +msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis>, 30." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2260 @@ -4528,7 +4519,7 @@ msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" -"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " +"Jim Whitehurst, <emphasis>The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance</emphasis> " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> @@ -4542,19 +4533,19 @@ msgid "" "consumer of your content has to be based on some added value you provide." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" -"En el mercado, la pregunta central al determinar cómo traer ingresos es qué " -"es lo que valora la gente y por qué están dispuestos a pagar.<placeholder " +"En el mercado, la pregunta central al determinar cómo atraer ingresos es con " +"qué es que la gente está dispuesta a pagar.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Por definición, si estás Hecho con Creative " -"Commons, el contenido que proveés está disponible de manera gratuita y no es " +"Commons, el contenido provisto se hace disponible de manera gratuita y no es " "un bien en el mercado. Al igual que el extendido modelo de negocios " "\"freemium\", cualquier transacción posible en el mercado con un consumidor " "de tu contenido tiene que estar basada en un tipo de valor añadido que uno " -"le provee al producto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"le da al producto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2276 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." -msgstr "Anderson, Free, 71." +msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, 71." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2266 @@ -4577,16 +4568,16 @@ msgstr "" "contenido. En el mercado, el valor vive en las cosas que son escasas. La " "Internet crea un universo de contenido disponible para todos gratuitamente, " "es difícil hacer que la gente pague por el contenido en línea. La luchadora " -"industria periodística es un testamento de este hecho. Esto junto al hecho " +"industria periodística es testigo de este hecho. Esto junto al hecho " "de que al menos un poco de plagio sea probablemente inevitable. Eso " -"significa que terminaras compitiendo con versiones libres de tu propio " +"significa que terminarás compitiendo con versiones libres de tu propio " "contenido, ya sea que lo aceptes o no.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" "\"0\" /> Si la gente puede hallar tu contenido sin costo, hacer que lo " "compren será difícil, particularmente en un contexto donde el acceso al " -"contenido es más importante que poseerlo. En Free, Anderson escribió, " -"<quote>Los esquemas de protección de derechos de autor, este inscrito en " +"contenido es más importante que poseerlo. En <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, Anderson escribió, " +"<quote>Los esquemas de protección de derechos de autor, esté inscrito en " "software o en la ley, está simplemente manteniendo un precio en contra de la " -"fuerza de la gravedad</quote>." +"fuerza de la gravedad.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2295 @@ -4607,14 +4598,14 @@ msgid "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Por supuesto, esto no significa que las empresas de contenido no tengan " -"futuro en el mercado tradicional. En Free, Anderson explica como cuando un " +"futuro en el mercado tradicional. En <emphasis>Free</emphasis>, Anderson explica que cuando un " "producto o servicio se vuelve gratuito, como la información y el contenido " -"largamente han sido en la era digital, otras cosas se vuelven mas valiosas. " +"en la era digital, otras cosas se vuelven mas valiosas. " "<quote>Toda abundancia crea una nueva escasez</quote>, escribió. Sólo tienes " -"que encontrar otra via para que el contenido provea valor a tu audiencia o " -"clientela. Como dice Anderson, <quote>Es sencillo competir con la gratuidad: " +"que encontrar otra vía para que el contenido provea valor a tu audiencia o " +"clientela. Como dice Anderson: <quote>Es sencillo competir con la gratuidad: " "simplemente ofrcece algo mejor o al menos diferente de la versión gratuita</" -"quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> 1" +"quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2299 @@ -4626,11 +4617,11 @@ msgid "" "also benefit from the goodwill that stems from the values behind being Made " "with Creative Commons." msgstr "" -"A la luz de esta realidad, de alguna manera las empresas que son Hechas con " -"Creative Commons estan compitiendo con todas las empresas de contenido en la " +"A la luz de esta realidad, de alguna manera las empresas que son <emphasis>Hechas con " +"Creative Commons</emphasis> están compitiendo con todas las empresas de contenido en la " "era digital. De hecho, es posible que tengan una ventaja porque ellos puden " "usar la abundancia de contenido para obtener ganancia de algo escaso. " -"Tambien se pueden beneficiar de la buena voluntad sostenida por los valores " +"También se pueden beneficiar de la buena voluntad sostenida por los valores " "detras de <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> @@ -4681,13 +4672,13 @@ msgstr "" "En esta era de la abundancia de la información, no sufriremos por falta de " "contenido. El truco es encontrar contenido que se ajuste a nuestras " "necesidades y preferencias, por lo que los servicios personalizados son " -"particularmente valiosos. Como escribió Anderson, <quote>Los bienes de " +"particularmente valiosos. Como escribió Anderson: <quote>Los bienes de " "contenido (todos obtienen la misma versión) requieren ser libres. Los " "contenidos personalizados (obtienes algo único y significativo para ti) " "requieren un costo</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Esto " -"pude ser cualquier cosa desde los servicios de consultoria artistica y " +"pude ser cualquier cosa desde los servicios de consultoria artística y " "cultural provista por Ártica hasta el negocio de canciones personalizadas de " -"Jonathan <quote>Una-canción-al-dia</quote> Mann." +"Jonathan <quote>Una-canción-al-día</quote> Mann." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2337 @@ -4698,7 +4689,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2344 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." -msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 107." +msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Makers</emphasis>, 107." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2340 @@ -4730,17 +4721,17 @@ msgstr "" "donde la versión digital del contenido no es tan valiosa como la versión " "analógica, como las editoriales donde una significativa parte de la gente " "todavía prefiere leer algo que puedan sostener con las manos. O en áreas " -"donde el contenido no es útil hasta que esta en su forma física, como el " +"donde el contenido no es útil hasta que está en su forma física, como el " "diseño de muebles. En esas situaciones, una parte significativa de los " "consumidores pagará por la conveniencia de tener alguien que ponga la " -"versión física junto a ellos. Algunas empresas aun más ventaja de este flujo " -"de ganancias al usar una licencia Creative Commons que solo permite usos no " +"versión física junto a ellos. Algunas empresas tienen más ventaja de este flujo " +"de ganancias al usar una licencia Creative Commons que sólo permite usos no " "comerciales, lo que significa que nadie más puede vender copias físicas de " "su trabajo en competencia con ellos. Esta estrategia de reservar derechos " "comerciales pueden ser particularmente importantes para artículos como " "libros, donde cada copia impresa del mismo libro debería tener la misma " "calidad, por lo que es difícil de diferenciar un servicio de publicación de " -"otro. De otra parte, para artículos como mobiliario o electrónica, el " +"otro. Por otra parte, para artículos como mobiliario o electrónica, el " "proveedor de bienes físicos puede competir con otros proveedores del mismo " "trabajo basado en la calidad, servicio, o algún otro principio de trabajo " "tradicional." @@ -4762,13 +4753,13 @@ msgid "" "person version of experience. You can see this effect when people go view " "original art in person or pay to attend a talk or training course." msgstr "" -"Como cualquier persona que haya asistido a un concierto podrá comentarle, " +"Como cualquier persona que haya asistido a un concierto podrá constatar, " "experimentar la creatividad en persona es una experiencia completamente " -"diferente de consumir una copia digital personalmente. Lejos de actuar como " -"un substituto para la interacción cara a cara, el contenido licenciado bajo " +"diferente al de consumir una copia digital personalmente. Lejos de actuar como " +"un sustituto para la interacción cara a cara, el contenido licenciado bajo " "CC puede crear demanda por la versión de la experiencia en persona. Se puede " "ver este efecto cuando el público asisite a observar expresiones artísticas " -"originales en persona o paga por asistir a una plática o a un curso de " +"originales o paga por asistir a una plática o a un curso de " "capacitación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> @@ -4792,7 +4783,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2402 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." -msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." +msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis>, 89." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2392 @@ -4818,8 +4809,8 @@ msgstr "" "el tamaño de la audiencia, la cual vuelve la oferta más valiosa para los " "clientes pagadores. Esta es una variación del modelo de negocios tradicional " "creado en la llamada plataforma multicaras.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" -"\"0\"/> El acceso a tu audiencia no es la única cosa por la que la gente " -"está dispuesta a pagar -- existen otros servicios que también se pueden " +"\"0\"/> El acceso a la audiencia no es la única cosa por la que la gente " +"está dispuesta a pagar –existen otros servicios que también se pueden " "proveer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> @@ -4855,15 +4846,15 @@ msgid "" "endeavor." msgstr "" "El modelo tradicional de subsidiar el contenido gratuito son los " -"anunciantes. En esta versión de la plataforma multi-caras, los anunciantes " +"anunciantes. En esta versión de la plataforma multi-caras, ellos " "pagan por la oportunidad de alcanzar el conjunto de visualizadores que " "provee el contenido del creador en la forma de su audiencia.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El Internet ha hecho este modelo más difícil " -"porque el número de canales poteniales disponibles para alcanzar esos " -"visualizadores se ha vuelto esencialmente infinit0.<placeholder type=" +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Internet ha hecho este modelo más difícil " +"porque el número de canales potenciales disponibles para alcanzar esos " +"visualizadores se ha vuelto esencialmente infinito.<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> No obstante, se mantiene como un flujo de ganancias " "para muchos creadores de contenido, incluyendo aquellos que son Hechos con " -"Creative Commons. Frecuentemente, en vez de pagar para desplegar anuncias, " +"Creative Commons. Frecuentemente, en vez de pagar para desplegar anuncios, " "el anunciante paga por ser un promotor oficial de un contenido o proyecto " "particular, o de toda la empresa." @@ -4887,15 +4878,15 @@ msgid "" "have their faculties participate as writers of the content on the " "Conversation website." msgstr "" -"Otro tipo de plataforma multi-cara es donde los creadores de contenido " -"mismos pagan para ser exhibidos en la plataforma. Obviamente, este flujo de " +"Otro tipo de plataforma multi-cara es donde son los mismos creadores de contenido " +"quienes pagan para ser exhibidos en la plataforma. Obviamente, este flujo de " "ganancias únicamente está disponible para aquellos que dependen del trabajo " "creado, al menos en parte, por otros. La versión mejor conocida de este " "modelo es el <quote>cobro por procesamiento de autor</quote> de las revistas " "especializadas de libre acceso como esas publicadas por la Biblioteca " -"Pública de Ciencia, pero hay otras variaciones. The Conversation (La " -"Conversación) esta fondeado primordialmente por un modelo de membresía - " -"Universidad, donde las universidades pagan para que sus facultades " +"Pública de Ciencia, pero hay otras variaciones. <emphasis>The Conversation</emphasis> (La " +"Conversación) esta fondeado primordialmente por un modelo de membresía-" +"Universidad, donde las universidades pagan para que sus académicos " "participen como escritores del contenido del sitio Web de The Conversation." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> @@ -4908,7 +4899,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2452 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." -msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." +msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</emphasis>, 32." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 @@ -4952,12 +4943,12 @@ msgid "" "providing paid tools to help their users make the data they contribute to " "the platform more discoverable and reusable." msgstr "" -"Como se menciono arriba, las empresas pueden hacer dinero al proporcionar " +"Como se mencionó antes, las empresas pueden hacer dinero al proporcionar " "servicios personalizados a sus usuarios. Las plataformas pueden tomar una " -"variacion de este modelo de servicio diriguiendolos a lso creadores que " +"variacion de este modelo de servicio dirigiendo a los creadores que " "proveen el contenido que ellos despliegan. NZ y Figshare se capitalizan en " "este modelo al proveer herramientas de pago, para ayudar a sus usuarios para " -"hacer a la información con la que ellos contribuyen a la plataforma más " +"hacer de la información con la que ellos contribuyen a la plataforma más " "reusable y localizable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> @@ -4978,12 +4969,12 @@ msgid "" "deriving revenue from something scarce while taking advantage of the " "abundance of CC content." msgstr "" -"Finalmente, algunos que estan Hechos con Creative Commons hacen dinero al " +"Finalmente, algunos que están <emphasis>Hechos con Creative Commons</emphasis> hacen dinero al " "vender el uso de sus marcas registradas. Las marcas bien conocidas que los " -"consumidores asocian con calidad, credibilidad, incluso un ethos puede " +"consumidores asocian con calidad, credibilidad, incluso un comportamiento ético puede " "licenciar esa marca registrada a compañías que quieran tomar ventaja de ese " "bien. Por definición, las marcas registradas son escasas porque representan " -"una fuente particular de bienes o servicios. Cobrar por la habilidad de usar " +"una fuente particular de bienes o servicios. Cobrar por la posibilidad de usar " "la marca registrada es una manera de obtener ganancias de algo escaso " "mientras se toma ventaja de la abundancia del contenido bajo CC." @@ -5002,7 +4993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Incluso si ponemos de lado el financiamiento asegurado, encontramos que el " "entendimiento del mercado en el marco económico tradicional falla para " -"capturar completamente las vias por las que las empresas que analizamos han " +"capturar completamente las vías por las que las empresas que analizamos han " "hecho dinero. No era simplemente acerca de monetizar la escasez." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> @@ -5023,12 +5014,12 @@ msgstr "" "ganancias eran más acerca de proveer valor, crear una relación, y " "eventualmente encontrar algo de dinero que retorne viniendo con un sentido " "de reciprocidad. Mientras algunos se perciben como los modelos tradicionales " -"de finaciamiento sin animo de lucro., no son de caridad. Las empresas " +"de finaciamiento sin animo de lucro, no son de caridad. Las empresas " "intercambian valor con la gente, no necesariamente sincronizadamente o en " "forma que requiera que esos valores sean iguales. Como escribió David " "Bollier en <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, <quote>No hay " "cálculo egoísta acerca de que el valor dado y recibido sean estrictamente " -"iguales</quote>\"" +"iguales.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2514 @@ -5039,17 +5030,17 @@ msgid "" "identity, community and culture. It is a vital brain function that helps the " "human species survive and evolve.</quote>" msgstr "" -"Esta debería ser una dinámica familiar -- ese es el camino con el que lidias " -"con tús amigos y tú familia. Damos sin importarnos el que y cuando " -"obtendremos el retorno. David Bollier escribió, <quote>El intercambio " +"Esta debería ser una dinámica familiar –ese es el camino con el que se lidia en " +"las relaciones de amistad o de familia. Damos sin importarnos el qué y cuándo " +"obtendremos el retorno. David Bollier escribió: <quote>El intercambio " "recíproco social descansa en el corazón de la identidad humana, la cultura y " "la comunidad. Es una función mental vital que ayuda a la especie humana a " -"sobrevivir y evolucionar</quote>." +"sobrevivir y evolucionar.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2524 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." -msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." +msgstr "Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, 150." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2528 @@ -5094,11 +5085,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Minetras las membresías y las donaciones son modelos de financiamiento no " "lucrativo, en el contexto de <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</" -"emphasis>, estan atadas directamente a la relación reciproca que es " +"emphasis>, están vinculadas directamente con la relación recíproca que es " "cultivada con los benificiarios de su trabajo. Entre más grande sea la " "cantidad de aquellos que reciben el valor del contenido, es más probable que " -"esta estrategia trabaje, dado que solo un pequeño porcentaje de gente " -"contribuirá. Usando las licencias CC pueden facilitar al contenido alcanzar " +"esta estrategia funcione, dado que sólo un pequeño porcentaje de gente " +"contribuirá. Usando las licencias CC pueden facilitar a que el contenido llegue a " "más personas, esta estrategia puede ser más efectiva para empresas que son " "Hechas con Creative Commons. Entre más grande sea el argumento de que el " "contenido es un bien público o que la empresa entera está persiguiendo una " @@ -5123,10 +5114,10 @@ msgid "" "even in situations where we could find a way to get it for free." msgstr "" "En el modelo paga-lo-que-quieras, el beneficiario del contenido bajo " -"Creative Commons es invitado a dar —cualquier cantidad que puedan y gusten " +"Creative Commons es invitado a dar. Cualquier cantidad que puedan y gusten " "es apropiada, basado en la valoración pública y personal que perciban por el " "contenido abierto disponible. Ciertamente, estos modelos no son promovidos " -"como <quote>comprando</quote> algo libre. Son similares a un frasco de " +"como equivalentes a <quote>comprar</quote> algo libre. Son similares a un jarrón de " "propinas. El público hace una contribución financiera como un acto de " "gratitud. Estos modelos se capitalizan en el hecho de que estamos " "naturalmente inclinados a dar dinero por cosas que valoramos en el mercado, " @@ -5137,7 +5128,7 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2568 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" -"Financiamiento Comunitario <emphasis>[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD]</emphasis>" +"Financiamiento comunitario <emphasis>[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2571 @@ -5157,21 +5148,21 @@ msgid "" "without hesitation: of course.</quote>" msgstr "" "Los modelos de financiamiento comunitario están basados en recolectar el " -"costo de crear y distribuir el contenido antes de que el contenido sea " +"costo de crear y distribuir el contenido antes de que éste sea " "creado. Si la empresa es <emphasis>Hecha con Creative Commons</emphasis>, " -"cualquiera que quiera el trabajo en cuestión puede simplemente esperar hasta " -"que este creado y entonces acceder a el gratuitamente. Eso significa, que " +"quien quiera el trabajo en cuestión puede simplemente esperar hasta " +"que esté creado y entonces acceder a él gratuitamente. Eso significa, que " "para que el modelo funcione, la gente tiene que preocuparse más que sólo " "recibir el trabajo. Ellos deben querer que el creador tenga éxito. Amanda " "Palmer atribuye el éxito de su financiamineto comunitario en Kickstarter y " -"Patreon a los años que ella dedicó a la construcción de su comunidad y a la " +"Patreon a los años que dedicó a la construcción de su comunidad y a la " "conexión con sus seguidores. Escribió en <emphasis>The Art of Asking</" -"emphasis>, <quote>El arte de calidad se hace, se comparte, la ayuda es " +"emphasis>: <quote>El arte de calidad se hace, se comparte, la ayuda es " "ofrecida, los oídos prestan atención, se intercambian emociones, el suelo " "fértil para una real y profunda conexión es dispersado por todo el campo. " -"Entonces, un dia, el artista se levante y pide algo. Y si el suelo ha sido " -"fertilizado suficientemente, la audiencia pronuncia, sin duda alguna: por " -"supuesto</quote>." +"Entonces, un día, el artista se levantará y pedirá algo. Y si el suelo ha sido " +"fertilizado suficientemente, la audiencia se pronunciará, sin duda alguna: por " +"supuesto.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 @@ -5194,7 +5185,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 msgid "Making Human Connections" -msgstr "Creando Conexiones Humanas" +msgstr "Creando conexiones humanas" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2602 @@ -5212,7 +5203,7 @@ msgid "" "largely unheard of in the traditional marketplace. But it seems to be part " "of the fabric of being Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" -"Independientemente de como hagan dinero, en nuestras entrevistas, " +"Independientemente de cómo hagan dinero, en nuestras entrevistas, " "repetidamente escuchamos lenguaje como <quote>persuadirlos a comprar</quote> " "e <quote>invitarlos a pagar</quote>. Incluso las escuchamos relacionadas con " "flujos de ganancias que encajan en el mercado. Cory Doctorow nos comentó, " @@ -5250,9 +5241,9 @@ msgid "" "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " "Commons." msgstr "" -"Me tomó un largo tiempo notar que este eludir pensar en lo que ellos hacen " -"en puros terminos de mercado estaba ligado profundamente a Hacer con " -"Creative Commons." +"Me tomó un largo tiempo notar que eludir el pensar en lo que ellos hacen " +"en términos puros de mercado estaba ligado profundamente a <emphasis>Hacer con " +"Creative Commons</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2632 @@ -5262,8 +5253,8 @@ msgid "" "wrong on so many counts." msgstr "" "Vine a la investigación con las nociones preconcebidas acerca de lo que es " -"Creative Commons y que significa ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</" -"emphasis>. Resulto que yo estaba mal en muchos aspectos." +"Creative Commons y qué significa ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</" +"emphasis>. Resultó que yo estaba mal en muchos aspectos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 @@ -5280,13 +5271,13 @@ msgstr "" "Obviamente, ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis> significa " "usar licencias Creative Commons. Eso era lo que yo sabía. Pero en nuestras " "entrevistas, las personas hablaron de mucho más que sólo permisos de " -"copyright cuando explicaban como cmopartir encajaba en lo que ellos hacen. " -"Yo estaba pensando acerca de compartir muy estrechamente, y como resultado, " -"estaba perdiendo una gran parte del significado contenido dentro de las " -"Creative Commons. En vez de analizar críticamente el rol estrecho y " +"copyright cuando explicaban cómo compartir encajaba en lo que ellos hacen. " +"Mi punto de vista acerca del significado de compartir era muy estrecha, y como resultado, " +"estaba perdiendo una gran parte del profundo significado detrás de " +"Creative Commons. En vez de analizar críticamente el papel estrecho y " "específico de la licencia de copyright en la ecuación, es importante no " -"separar el resto de lo que acompaña a compartir. Tienes que ampliar la " -"óptica." +"separar el resto de lo que acompaña a compartir. Es necesario abrir el ángulo " +"desde el cual se mira." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2648 @@ -5304,15 +5295,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis> no es únicamente acerca " "del simple acto de licenciar un material con derechos de autor o copyright " -"bajo un conjunto de terminos estandarizados, sino también de comunidad, " -"bienestar social, contribuir ideas, expresar un sistema de valores, trabajar " -"juntos. Estos componentes del compartir son difíciles de cultivar si piensas " -"en lo que haces en terminos de puro mercado. El comportamiento social " +"bajo un conjunto de términos estandarizados, sino también de comunidad, " +"bienestar social, contribuir con ideas, expresar un sistema de valores, trabajar " +"juntos. Estos componentes del compartir son difíciles de cultivar si se piensa " +"en lo hecho en términos de puro mercado. El comportamiento social " "decente no es tan intuitivo cuando hacemos alguna actividad que involucre " "intercambio monetario. Toma un esfuerzo consciente desarrollar el contexto " -"para compartir realmente, que no sea basado estrictamente en un intercambio " -"impersonal de marcado, sino en conexiones con la gente con la que compartes— " -"conexiones contigo, con tú trabajoj, con tús valores, con todos." +"para compartir realmente, sin que esto esté basado estrictamente en un intercambio " +"impersonal de mercado, sino conectado con la gente con la que se comparte —" +"conexiones con uno mismo, con nuestro trabajo, con nuestros valores, con todos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 @@ -5324,8 +5315,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "El resto de la sección explorará algunas de las estrategias comunes que usan " "los creadores, compañías y organizaciones para recordarnos que hay humanos " -"detras de cada empresa creativa. Para recordarnos que tenemos obligaciones " -"con todos. Para recordarnos como es realmente el compartir." +"detrás de cada empresa creativa y que tenemos obligaciones " +"con todos. Para recordarnos cómo es realmente el compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 @@ -5338,8 +5329,8 @@ msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" -"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " -"Decisions, rev. ed. (Nueva York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." +"Dan Ariely, <emphasis>Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " +"Decisions</emphasis>, rev. ed. (Nueva York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 @@ -5354,9 +5345,9 @@ msgstr "" "Los seres humanos son animales sociales, lo que significa que estamos " "naturalmente inclinados a tratarnos mutuamente bien.<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero mientras más lejano seamos de la persona con la " -"que interactuamos, nuestro comportamiento será menos atento. Mientras el " +"que interactuamos, nuestro comportamiento será menos atento. Mientras " "Internet ha democratizado la producción cultural, incrementado el acceso " -"al conocimiento y nos ha conectado de maneras extraordinarias, tambien puede " +"al conocimiento y nos ha conectado de maneras extraordinarias, también puede " "hacer fácil que nos olvidemos que estamos tratando con otro ser humano." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> @@ -5365,8 +5356,8 @@ msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" -"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " -"Discovered (Nueva York: Workman, 2014), 93." +"Austin Kleon, <emphasis>Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " +"Discovered</emphasis> (Nueva York: Workman, 2014), 93." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2684 @@ -5384,17 +5375,17 @@ msgid "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Para contrarrestar las tendencias anónimas e impersonales de cómo operamos " -"en línea, las corporaciones y los creadores individuales quienes usan las " -"licencias Creative Commons trabajan para demostrar su humanidad. Para " -"algunos, esto significa plasmar su vida en las páginas. Para otros, esto " -"significa mostrar sus procesos creativos, exhibiendo un poco del cómo hacen " -"lo que hacen. Como escribió el escrito Autin Kleon,<quote>Nuestro trabajo no " +"en línea, las corporaciones y los creadores individuales, quienes usan las " +"licencias Creative Commons. trabajan para demostrar su humanidad. Para " +"algunos, esto significa plasmar su vida en las páginas, Para otros, " +"mostrar sus procesos creativos, exhibiendo un poco del cómo hacen " +"lo que hacen. Como escribió Autin Kleon: <quote>Nuestro trabajo no " "habla por sí mismo. Los seres humanos quieren saber de dónde vienen las " -"cosas, cómo fueron hechas, y quién las hizo. Las historias que cuentas " -"acerca del trabajo que haces tienen un gran efecto en como se siente la " -"gente y lo que entienden acerca de tu trabajo, y como se sienten las " -"personas y lo que ellos entienden acerca de tú trabajo afecta la manera en " -"que te valoran a tí</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"cosas, cómo fueron hechas y quién las hizo. Las historias que cuentas " +"acerca del trabajo que haces tienen un gran efecto en cómo se siente la " +"gente y lo que entienden acerca de tu trabajo, y, por lo tanto, cómo se sienten " +"y lo que entienden acerca de tu trabajo afecta la manera en " +"que te valoran.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703 @@ -5409,20 +5400,20 @@ msgid "" "just want the glossy version of you. They can’t relate to it, at least not " "in a meaningful way." msgstr "" -"Un componente crítico para hacer esto efectivamente es no preocuparse acerca " +"Un componente crítico para hacer esto efectivo es no preocuparse acerca " "de ser una <quote>marca</quote>. Eso significa no preocuparse de ser " -"vulnerable. Amanda Palmer dice, <quote>Cuando estas preocupado del juicio de " -"los demas, no te puedes conectar con ellos. Estas muy preocupado con la " -"tarea de impresionarlos</quote>. No todos estan preparados para vivir la " -"vida como un libro abierto como Palmer, y eso esta bien. Hay muchas maneras " -"de ser humano. El truco esta en evitar la pretensión y la tentación de crear " -"una imágen artificial. La gente no solo quiere tu versión primorosa. No se " +"vulnerable. Amanda Palmer dice: <quote>Cuando estás preocupado por el juicio " +"que hacen los demás, no te puedes conectar con ellos. Estás muy preocupado con la " +"tarea de impresionarlos.</quote> No todos están preparados para vivir la " +"vida como un libro abierto como Palmer, y eso está bien. Hay muchas maneras " +"de comportarse. El truco está en evitar la pretensión y la tentación de crear " +"una imágen artificial. La gente no sólo quiere tu versión primorosa. No se " "pueden relacionar con ella, al menos no de una manera significativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2724 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." -msgstr "Kramer, Shareology, 76." +msgstr "Kramer, <emphasis>Shareology</emphasis>, 76." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716 @@ -5438,28 +5429,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Este consejo es probablemente más importante para los negocios y las " "organizaciones porque instintivamente los concebimos como no humanos " -"(aunque en los Estados Unidos, las corporaciones son personas!). Cuando las " -"corporaciones y las organizaciones hacen a la gente detras de ellas más " -"perceptible, le recuerda a la gente que están tratando con algo más que una " +"(¡aunque en Estados Unidos, las corporaciones son personas!). Cuando las " +"corporaciones y las organizaciones hacen a la gente detrás de ellas más " +"perceptible, les recuerda que están tratando con algo más que una " "entidad corporativa anónima. En el lenguaje de los negocios, esto es acerca " "de <quote>humanizar sus interacciones</quote> con el público.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero no puede ser una representación. No puedes " -"simular ser humano." +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero no puede ser una representación, no se puede " +"simular la humanidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 msgid "Be open and accountable" -msgstr "Sé abierto y responsable" +msgstr "Ser abierto y responsable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2739 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." -msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." +msgstr "Palmer, <emphasis>Art of Asking</emphasis>, 252." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." -msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." +msgstr "Whitehurst, <emphasis>Open Organization</emphasis>, 145." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2732 @@ -5474,26 +5465,26 @@ msgid "" "news, but instead about explaining your rationale and then being prepared to " "defend it when people are critical.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" -"La Transpariencia ayuda a las personas a entender quien eres y porque haces " -"lo que haces, pero también inspira confianza. Max Temkin de Cards Against " -"Humanity nos comenta, <quote>Una de las cosas más sorprendentes que puedes " -"hacer en el capitalismo es ser honesto con la gente</quote>. Eso significa " -"compartir lo bueno y lo malo. Como escribió Amanda Palmer, <quote>Puedes " -"arreglar casi todo con genuina comunicación</quote>.<placeholder type=" +"La transpariencia ayuda a las personas a entender quiénes son y porque hacen " +"lo que hacen, pero también inspira confianza. Max Temkin de <emphasis>Cards Against " +"Humanity</emphasis> nos comenta, <quote>Una de las cosas más sorprendentes que puedes " +"hacer en el capitalismo es ser honesto con la gente.</quote> Eso significa " +"compartir lo bueno y lo malo. Como escribió Amanda Palmer: <quote>Puedes " +"arreglar casi todo con genuina comunicación.</quote><placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No es tratar de satisfacer a todos o tratar de " -"endulzar los errores o las malas noticias, sino explicar tu razonamiento y " -"de estar preparado para defenderlo cuando la gente es crítica.<placeholder " +"tapar los errores o las malas noticias, sino de explicar el razonamiento y " +"estar preparado para defenderlo cuando la gente es crítica.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2753 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." -msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." +msgstr "Surowiecki, <emphasis>Wisdom of Crowds</emphasis>, 203." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2760 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." -msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." +msgstr "Whitehurst, <emphasis>Open Organization</emphasis>, 80." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748 @@ -5511,18 +5502,18 @@ msgid "" "helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people involved and " "invested in what you do." msgstr "" -"Ser responsable no significa operar en concenso. De acuerdo a James " -"Surowiecki, los grupos guiados por el concenso tienden a recurrir a las " +"Ser responsable no significa operar en consenso. De acuerdo con James " +"Surowiecki, los grupos guiados por el consenso tienden a recurrir a las " "soluciones del menor común denominador y evitan el tipo de intercambio de " "ideas honesto y desprejuiciado que se cultiva en las colaboraciones sanas." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> En cambio, puede ser tan simple " "como solicitar un comentario y dar contexto y explicación acerca de la " "decisiones que se han tomado, incluso si solicitar realimentación e invitar " -"al intercambio de ideas lleva su tiempo. Si no realizas el esfuerzo de " -"responder a los comentarios que recibes, puede ser peor que no solicitar " -"esos comentarios en primer lugar.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> " -"Pero cuando lo haces bien, puede garantizar el tipo de diversidad de " -"pensamientos que ayuda a las empresas a distinguirse. Y es otro camino para " +"al intercambio de ideas lleva su tiempo. Si no se realiza el esfuerzo de " +"responder a los comentarios recibidos, el resultado puede ser peor que no solicitar " +"comentarios en primer lugar.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> " +"Pero si se hace bien, puede garantizar el tipo de diversidad de " +"pensamiento que ayuda a las empresas a distinguirse. Y es otro camino para " "hacer que la gente se involucre y se interese en lo que hace." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> @@ -5533,7 +5524,7 @@ msgstr "Diseñar para los buenos actores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2772 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." -msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." +msgstr "Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, 25." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2777 @@ -5560,23 +5551,23 @@ msgstr "" "La economía tradicional asume que la gente toma decisiones basadas " "únicamente en sus propios intereses económicos.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/> Cualquier ser humano relativamente introspectivo sabe que eso " -"es una ficción—somos seres mucho más complicados con un amplio rango de " -"necesidades, emociones, y motivaciones. De hecho, estamos hechos para " +"es una ficción —somos seres mucho más complicados con un amplio rango de " +"necesidades, emociones y motivaciones. De hecho, estamos hechos para " "trabajar juntos y grantizar la equidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" "\"1\"/> Ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis> requiere creer " "que la gente actuará mayormente sobre esas motivaciones sociales, " -"motivaciones que puden ser consideradas <quote>irracionales</quote> en un " -"sentido económico. Como dijo Pinter de Knowledge Unlatched, <quote>Es mejor " -"ignorar a la gente que trata de intimidarte acerca de los aventones. El " -"miedo esta basado en una versión muy estrecha de lo que motiva el " +"mismas que puden ser consideradas <quote>irracionales</quote> en un " +"sentido económico. Como dijo Pinter de Knowledge Unlatched: <quote>Es mejor " +"ignorar a la gente que trata de intimidarte acerca del abuso de la gratuidad. El " +"miedo está basado en una versión muy estrecha de lo que motiva el " "comportamiento humano.</quote> Siempre habrá personas que actuarán de forma " -"totalmente egoísta, pero las empresas que son Hechas con Creative Commons " -"están diseñados para los buenos actores." +"totalmente egoísta, pero las empresas que están <emphasis>Hechas con Creative Commons</emphasis> " +"están diseñadas para los buenos actores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2796 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." -msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." +msgstr "Shirky, <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>, 112." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2790 @@ -5590,20 +5581,20 @@ msgid "" "by something other than financial self-interest, we design our endeavors in " "ways that encourage and accentuate our social instincts." msgstr "" -"La presunción de que las personas harán lo correcto una profecía " -"autocumplida. Shirky escribió en Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Los sistemas que " -"presuponen que la gente actuará de manera que creen bienes públicos, y que " -"darles la oportunidades y recompensas por hacerlo, comunmente les permite " -"trabajan juntos mejor que lo que hubieran predicho la economía neoclásica</" -"quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Cuando aceptamos que la " +"La presunción de que las personas harán lo correcto es una profecía " +"autocumplida. Shirky escribió en <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>, <quote>Los sistemas que " +"presuponen que la gente actuará de manera que creen bienes públicos, hay que " +"darles la oportunidades y recompensas por hacerlo, comúnmente les permite " +"trabajan juntos mejor de lo que hubiera predicho la economía neoclásica.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Cuando aceptamos que la " "gente es comunmente motivada por algo más que interés personal financiero, " -"diseñamos nuestras empresas de maneras que inspiren y acentuen nuestros " +"diseñamos nuestras empresas de maneras que inspiren y acentúen nuestros " "instintos sociales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." -msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." +msgstr "Surowiecki, <emphasis>Wisdom of Crowds</emphasis>, 124." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 @@ -5620,29 +5611,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "En vez de tratar de ejercer control sobre el comportamiento de la gente, " "este modo de operar requiere un cierto nivel de confianza. Puede que no nos " -"demos cuenta, pero nuestras vidad diarias están basadas en la confianza. " -"Como escribió Surowiecki en The Wisdom of Crowds, <quote>Es imposible para " -"una sociedad sostenerse en la ley solamente para asegurar de que los " -"ciudadanos actuen responsable y honestamente. Y es imposible para una " +"demos cuenta, pero nuestras vidas diarias están basadas en la confianza. " +"Como escribió Surowiecki en <emphasis>The Wisdom of Crowds</emphasis>, <quote>Es imposible para " +"una sociedad sostenerse en la ley solamente para asegurarse que los " +"ciudadanos actúen responsable y honestamente. Y es imposible para una " "organización descansar únicamente en los contratos para garantizar que sus " "trabajadores y directivos vivan su obligación.</quote> Confiamos que la " -"gente —la mayoría desconocidos— hará lo que se supone que debn hacer." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Y muy comunmente, lo hacen." +"gente —la mayoría desconocidos— hará lo que se supone que deben hacer." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Y por lo general, lo hacen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" -msgstr "Trata a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos" +msgstr "Tratar a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2824 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." -msgstr "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." +msgstr "Kleon, <emphasis>Show Your Work</emphasis>, 127." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2832 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." -msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." +msgstr "Palmer, <emphasis>Art of Asking</emphasis>, 121." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 @@ -5657,15 +5648,15 @@ msgid "" "a point to listen just as much as she talks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " "id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" -"Para los creadores, tratar a la gente como humanos significa no tratarlos " -"como fans. Como dice Kleon, <quote>Si tu quieres fans, tienes que ser un fan " +"Para los creadores, tratar a la gente como humanos significa que no se les trate " +"como fans. Como dice Kleon: <quote>Si tú quieres fans, tienes que ser un fan " "primero</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Incluso si ocurre " -"que tu eres uno de los pocos que alcanzan niveles de fama de celebridad, " -"estaras mejor recordando que las personas que siguen tu trabajo son seres " -"humanos también. Cory Doctorow hace un punto contestando cada correo " +"que eres uno de los pocos que alcanzan niveles de fama como celebridad, " +"estarás mejor recordando que las personas que siguen tu trabajo son seres " +"humanos también. Cory Doctorow enfatiza la importancia de contestar cada correo " "electrónico que alguien le envie. Amanda Palmer emplea amplias cantidades de " -"tiempo estando en línea para comunicarse con su público, haciendo un punto " -"al escuchar tanto como habla.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"tiempo estando en línea para comunicarse con su público, deteniéndose para " +"escuchar todo lo que le dicen.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 @@ -5682,7 +5673,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." -msgstr "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." +msgstr "Ariely, <emphasis>Predictably Irrational</emphasis>, 87." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2857 @@ -5705,23 +5696,23 @@ msgid "" "dramatically change the dynamic.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" "Cuando tratamos a las personas como seres humanos, típicamente ellos " -"regresan ese tipo de trato. Se llama karma. Pero las relaciones sociales son " -"frágiles. Es muy sencillo destruirlas si comentes el error de tratar a la " -"gente como clientes anónimos o trabajadores gratuitos.<placeholder type=" +"regresan ese tipo de trato, se llama karma. Pero las relaciones sociales son " +"frágiles, es muy sencillo destruirlas si se comete el error de tratar a la " +"gente como si fueran un cliente anónimo o un trabajador gratuito.<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Las plataformas que se apoyan en el contenido de " -"contribuyentes estan especialmente en riesgo de crear una dinámica " -"explotadora. Es importante encontrar medios de reconocer y retribuir el " +"contribuyentes están especialmente en riesgo de crear una dinámica " +"explotadora. Es importante encontrar medios para reconocer y retribuir el " "valor que los contribuyentes generan. Esto no significa que se puede " "resolver este problema simplemente pagando a los contribuyentes por su " -"tiempo o por sus contribuciones. Tan pronto como introducimos dinero dentro " -"de una relación—al menos cuando esto toma una forma de un pago monetario en " -"intercambio por otro valor—puede cambiar la dinámica dramáticamente." +"tiempo o por sus contribuciones. Tan pronto como introducimos dinero en " +"una relación —al menos cuando esto toma una forma de un pago monetario en " +"intercambio por otro valor— puede cambiar la dinámica drásticamente." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" -msgstr "Establece tus principios y apégate a ellos" +msgstr "Establecer principios y mantenerse apegado a ellos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2864 @@ -5739,11 +5730,11 @@ msgstr "" "acerca de quién eres y qué haces. El simbolismo es poderoso. Usar licencias " "Creative Commons demuestra adherencia a un particular tipo de creencias, las " "cuales generan bienestar y conectan a tu trabajo con gente de pensamiento " -"similar. Algunas personas seran arrastradas hacia empresas que son Hechas " -"con Creative Commons como un medio para demostrar su compromiso con el " +"similar. Algunas personas serán atraídas hacia empresas que son <emphasis>Hechas " +"con Creative Commons</emphasis> como un medio para demostrar su compromiso con el " "sistema de valores de las Creative Commons, similar a una declaración " "política. Otras veces las personas identificarán y se sentirán conectadas " -"con la misión social parte de alguna empresa . Regularmente ambas." +"con la misión social que sea parte de alguna empresa. Regularmente suceden ambas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 @@ -5759,9 +5750,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "La expresión de tus valores no tiene que ser implícita. De hecho, mucha de " "las personas que entrevistamos hablaron acerca de lo importante que es " -"exponer sus principios guía francamente. Lumen Learning atribuye gran parte " -"de su exito al hecho de haber expuesto los valores fundamentales que guían " -"lo que hacen. Al ser una compañía con animo de lucro, ellos creen que haber " +"presentar sus lineamientos abiertamente. Lumen Learning atribuye gran parte " +"de su éxito al hecho de haber expuesto los valores fundamentales que guían " +"lo que hace. Al ser una compañía con fines de lucro, ellos creen que haber " "expresado su compromiso con los estudiantes de bajos ingresos y las " "licencias abiertas ha sido un hecho crítico para su credibilidad en al " "comunidad OER (recursos abiertos educativos) en la que ellos operan." @@ -5780,11 +5771,11 @@ msgid "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It attracts committed employees, " "motivates contributors, and builds trust." msgstr "" -"Cuando tu meta final no es generar ganancias, la gente confia en que no solo " -"estas tratando de extraer valor para tu propia ganancia. Las personas notan " -"cuando tienes un sentido del propósito que trasciendo tu interes personal." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Atrae empleados comprometidos, " -"contribuyentes motivados, y construye confianza." +"Cuando tu meta final no es generar ganancias, la gente confía en que no sólo " +"estás tratando de extraer valor para tu propia ganancia. Las personas notan " +"cuando tienes un sentido que trasciendo tu interés personal." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Atrae a empleados comprometidos, " +"contribuyentes motivados y construye confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 @@ -5797,7 +5788,7 @@ msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" -"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2ª ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " +"Jono Bacon, <emphasis>The Art of Community</emphasis>, 2ª ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> @@ -5825,12 +5816,12 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." -msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." +msgstr "Palmer, <emphasis>Art of Asking</emphasis>, 98." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2928 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." -msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." +msgstr "Whitehurst, <emphasis>Open Organization</emphasis>, 34." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913 @@ -5864,12 +5855,12 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2940 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." -msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." +msgstr "Surowiecki, <emphasis>Wisdom of Crowds</emphasis>, 200." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2944 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." -msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." +msgstr "Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner</emphasis>, 29." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932 @@ -5922,8 +5913,8 @@ msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-" "at-all\"/>." msgstr "" -"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " -"Sharing at All</quote>, Harvard Business Review (sitio Web), 28 de Enero de " +"Giana Eckhardt y Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " +"Sharing at All</quote>, <emphasis>Harvard Business Review</emphasis> (sitio Web), 28 de Enero de " "2015, <ulink url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-" "sharing-at-all\"/>." @@ -5933,7 +5924,7 @@ msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" -"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reimpresión " +"Lisa Gansky, <emphasis>The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing</emphasis>, reimpresión " "con un nuevo epílogo (Nueva York: Portfolio, 2012)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> @@ -5973,7 +5964,7 @@ msgid "" "news/technology-35709680\"/>." msgstr "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " -"Internet</quote>, BBC News, 3 de marzo de 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc." +"Internet</quote>, <emphasis>BBC News</emphasis>, 3 de marzo de 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc." "com/news/technology-35709680\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> @@ -6033,18 +6024,18 @@ msgstr "Involucra a la gente en lo que haces" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." -msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 148." +msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Makers</emphasis>, 148." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." -msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." +msgstr "Shirky, <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>, 164." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3027 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3091 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." -msgstr "Whitehurst, prefacio de Open Organization." +msgstr "Whitehurst, prefacio de <emphasis>Open Organization</emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3013 @@ -6077,7 +6068,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3040 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." -msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." +msgstr "Shirky, <emphasis>Cognitive Surplus</emphasis>, 144." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3031 @@ -6108,7 +6099,7 @@ msgstr "<emphasis>Ibid</emphasis>., 154." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." -msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." +msgstr "Palmer, <emphasis>Art of Asking</emphasis>, 163." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3044 @@ -6172,7 +6163,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3075 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." -msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 173." +msgstr "Anderson, <emphasis>Makers</emphasis>, 173." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3082 @@ -6180,8 +6171,8 @@ msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" -"Tom Kelley y David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " -"within Us All (Nueva York: Crown, 2013), 82." +"Tom Kelley y David Kelley, <emphasis>Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " +"within Us All</emphasis> (Nueva York: Crown, 2013), 82." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3068 @@ -6217,8 +6208,8 @@ msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" -"Rachel Botsman y Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative " -"Consumption (Nueva York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." +"Rachel Botsman y Roo Rogers, <emphasis>What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative " +"Consumption</emphasis> (Nueva York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 @@ -6681,17 +6672,17 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5475 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6916 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7744 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9000 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey" @@ -7189,12 +7180,12 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5777 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7228 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8762 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" @@ -9455,10 +9446,7 @@ msgid "" "this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data " "also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-" "through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and " -"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide " -"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and " -"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons " -"licenses for the data." +"researchers. Figshare now provides" msgstr "" "Figshare diversificó su modelo de negocios para incluir servicios para " "revistas. Figshare empezó a hospedar grandes cantidades de datos para los " @@ -9475,7 +9463,15 @@ msgstr "" "para los datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +msgid "" +"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " +"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " +"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4757 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -9495,7 +9491,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocios, agregando servicios para instituciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4767 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -9515,7 +9511,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecarias y administradoras, tanto como investigadoras." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4777 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -9540,7 +9536,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Atribución-SinDerivados)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -9560,7 +9556,7 @@ msgstr "" "el ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4800 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -9577,7 +9573,7 @@ msgstr "" "instituciones la harán su licencia de elección." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" @@ -9586,7 +9582,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" @@ -9595,7 +9591,7 @@ msgstr "" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4808 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -9620,7 +9616,7 @@ msgstr "" "id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -9642,12 +9638,12 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4830 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -9672,7 +9668,7 @@ msgstr "" "principales instituciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4841 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -9688,7 +9684,7 @@ msgstr "" "y fuentes de noticias." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -9715,12 +9711,12 @@ msgstr "" "permitiendo que las personas colaboren y hagan nuevos descubrimientos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "Figure.NZ" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4867 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -9731,12 +9727,12 @@ msgstr "" "reusables y fáciles de entender. Fundada en 2012 en Nueva Zelanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" @@ -9745,20 +9741,20 @@ msgstr "" "proporciona servicios con costo a los creadores, donaciones, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 3 de mayo, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistada</emphasis> : Lillian Grace, fundadora" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" @@ -9767,7 +9763,7 @@ msgstr "" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -9806,7 +9802,7 @@ msgstr "" "específico en Nueva Zelanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4906 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -9829,7 +9825,7 @@ msgstr "" "pagar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4917 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -9856,7 +9852,7 @@ msgstr "" "aquellos que quisieran abrir su información y presentarla visualmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4931 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -9889,7 +9885,7 @@ msgstr "" "tanto den créditos a la fuente original y a Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4957 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" @@ -9898,7 +9894,7 @@ msgstr "" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4948 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -9930,7 +9926,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy bien con la decisión de Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4964 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -9957,7 +9953,7 @@ msgstr "" "Figure.NZ. Las personas los ven como un luchador y fuente confiable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4977 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -9993,7 +9989,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier organización se diferencien, se comercialicen y se creen una marca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -10006,7 +10002,7 @@ msgstr "" "obtener valor de la información y los visuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5002 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -10037,7 +10033,7 @@ msgstr "" "los usuarios, para verdaderamente democratizar la información." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5018 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -10063,12 +10059,12 @@ msgstr "" "con hacer trabajo que nunca se había hecho antes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5032 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -10084,12 +10080,12 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -10103,7 +10099,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluidos o excluidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -10117,7 +10113,7 @@ msgstr "" "de impuestos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -10141,7 +10137,7 @@ msgstr "" "construyendo relaciones externas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5064 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -10161,7 +10157,7 @@ msgstr "" "experiencias intuitivas, no manuales de usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5074 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -10188,7 +10184,7 @@ msgstr "" "accede, e interpreta los datos de los tópicos en los que están interesados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5088 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well " @@ -10215,7 +10211,7 @@ msgstr "" "en nombre de otros, ya fuera en nombre de un país o de empresas</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " @@ -10232,7 +10228,7 @@ msgstr "" "decisiones bien informadas</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions " @@ -10249,7 +10245,7 @@ msgstr "" "entendiemiento aún</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5110 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. " @@ -10283,7 +10279,7 @@ msgstr "" "con entrenamiento especializado puede analizar y pensar con números</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5121 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " @@ -10303,7 +10299,7 @@ msgstr "" "gráficos, mapas y datos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5128 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -10323,7 +10319,7 @@ msgstr "" "el futuro.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5137 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " @@ -10344,7 +10340,7 @@ msgstr "" "para hacer que el efecto red sea posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " @@ -10365,12 +10361,12 @@ msgstr "" "para hacer que el efecto red sea posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -10381,12 +10377,12 @@ msgstr "" "acceso abierto. Fundada en 2012 en el Reino Unido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" @@ -10395,21 +10391,21 @@ msgstr "" "comunitario (especializado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5172 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -10441,7 +10437,7 @@ msgstr "" "innovación en educación en 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -10455,7 +10451,7 @@ msgstr "" "libremente entre los usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -10468,7 +10464,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos. La ventas subieron, no bajaron." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -10500,7 +10496,7 @@ msgstr "" "para el formato impreso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -10518,7 +10514,7 @@ msgstr "" "la cobertura del helado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -10536,7 +10532,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -10553,7 +10549,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5244 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -10574,7 +10570,7 @@ msgstr "" "RU para las empresas sociales sin ánimo de lucro) en 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -10583,7 +10579,7 @@ msgstr "" "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Acedemic Publishing:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -10592,7 +10588,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación sólo a través de Knowledge Unlatched." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -10601,7 +10597,7 @@ msgstr "" "colecciones (como lo hacen con los proveedores de bibliotecas ahora)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -10610,7 +10606,7 @@ msgstr "" "que serán comprados y los precios establecidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5280 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -10623,7 +10619,7 @@ msgstr "" "mínimo de bibliotecas para cubrir la Cuota por Título." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5289 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -10635,12 +10631,12 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5299 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -10654,7 +10650,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -10673,7 +10669,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo hasta cuarenta y tres dolares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5315 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" @@ -10682,7 +10678,7 @@ msgstr "" "availability-1/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -10706,7 +10702,7 @@ msgstr "" "de las copias físicas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5325 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -10728,7 +10724,7 @@ msgstr "" "la orden y el precio por libro baja para cada biblioteca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5337 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -10757,7 +10753,7 @@ msgstr "" "finalmente, desbloquearlos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -10769,7 +10765,7 @@ msgstr "" "ciclos de presupuestos, y las juntas del directorio de las bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5358 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -10788,7 +10784,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecarios, que ha involucrado a más bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5368 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -10799,7 +10795,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzará a hacer revistas especializadas de acceso libre también." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -10811,7 +10807,7 @@ msgstr "" "estandar cerrado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -10831,14 +10827,14 @@ msgstr "" "tomó únicamente un mes reunir veintiséis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5389 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -10859,7 +10855,7 @@ msgstr "" "tomar parte de ello.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5399 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -10880,7 +10876,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacen, lo compran de manera separada de la versión digital." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -10896,7 +10892,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas participantes, sino al mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -10921,7 +10917,7 @@ msgstr "" "han sido descargados cerca de ochenta mil veces en 175 países." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -10930,7 +10926,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched para monografías es un ganar-ganar-ganar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5435 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -10953,7 +10949,7 @@ msgstr "" "y libros antiguos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5446 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -10974,12 +10970,12 @@ msgstr "" "al pasado pero moviendose al futuro, una evolución en vez de una revolución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "Lumen Learning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -10989,12 +10985,12 @@ msgstr "" "los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" @@ -11003,14 +10999,14 @@ msgstr "" "servicios personalizados, subsidios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 21 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" @@ -11019,12 +11015,12 @@ msgstr "" "Thanos, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -11070,7 +11066,7 @@ msgstr "" "Learning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5505 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -11090,7 +11086,7 @@ msgstr "" "usualmente no hay mucha flexibilidad para hacerlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -11108,7 +11104,7 @@ msgstr "" "sustentabilidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -11124,7 +11120,7 @@ msgstr "" "reorientación por otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5532 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -11151,13 +11147,13 @@ msgstr "" "—" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" "remplazar libros de texto costosos en cursos de gran matrícula con OER;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5554 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -11167,7 +11163,7 @@ msgstr "" "sistema de gestión de aprendizaje de la institución;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -11176,7 +11172,7 @@ msgstr "" "de aprobación, persistencia, y finalización de curso; y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -11185,7 +11181,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación del éxito de los estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -11200,7 +11196,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguiendo los terminos de las licencias Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -11215,7 +11211,7 @@ msgstr "" "dolares por estudiante suscrito para la institución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -11230,7 +11226,7 @@ msgstr "" "matriculado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5596 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -11248,7 +11244,7 @@ msgstr "" "costosos con OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -11280,7 +11276,7 @@ msgstr "" "abierto, ha generado un inmenso bienestar en la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -11302,7 +11298,7 @@ msgstr "" "aprendizaje, que las facultades revisan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5633 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -11325,7 +11321,7 @@ msgstr "" "da una licencia Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -11341,7 +11337,7 @@ msgstr "" "mezclan diferentes OER juntos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5652 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -11362,7 +11358,7 @@ msgstr "" "se muestren al final de cada página." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -11379,7 +11375,7 @@ msgstr "" "equipo de ventas de Lumen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5671 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -11403,7 +11399,7 @@ msgstr "" "a los que tendrían impacto en el mayor número de estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5684 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -11422,7 +11418,7 @@ msgstr "" "que logren las metas de la institución, mientras Lumen se conserva prospera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -11441,7 +11437,7 @@ msgstr "" "la comunidad abierta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5704 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -11458,7 +11454,7 @@ msgstr "" "sea justa o que den de regreso algo que sea generoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5713 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -11479,7 +11475,7 @@ msgstr "" "evolución y la mejora de los OER que estén usando." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5724 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -11496,7 +11492,7 @@ msgstr "" "sostenible y se esfuerza por un balance correcto de todos estos factores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -11504,12 +11500,12 @@ msgid "" "understandable and repeatable." msgstr "" "Licenciar todo el contenido que producen con CC BY es una parte fundamental " -"de dar más valor del que toman. Tambien han trabajado duro al encontrar la " +"de dar más valor del que toman. También han trabajado duro al encontrar la " "estructura correcta para su agregación de valor y como empacarlo de manera " "que sea entendible y repetible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5739 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -11531,7 +11527,7 @@ msgstr "" "el futuro, su estrategia es reemplazar el financiamiento con ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -11550,12 +11546,12 @@ msgstr "" "que sostienes, y no alejarse de eso. Ciertamente es acerca de la confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "Jonathan Mann" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." @@ -11565,7 +11561,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" @@ -11574,7 +11570,7 @@ msgstr "" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5771 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -11586,14 +11582,14 @@ msgstr "" "musicales)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 22 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5784 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -11617,7 +11613,7 @@ msgstr "" "sesiones de la conferencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5796 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -11638,7 +11634,7 @@ msgstr "" "se volvió viral, y la experiencia lo llevó a la revista Time magazine." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -11652,7 +11648,7 @@ msgstr "" "conocido como <quote>el tipo de una-canción-al-dia</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5814 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -11671,7 +11667,7 @@ msgstr "" "más de mirar videos en línea que simplemente escuchar archivos de audio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5824 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -11702,7 +11698,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción por él." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5840 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -11722,7 +11718,7 @@ msgstr "" "mayoría de su dinero de esta manera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5849 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -11740,7 +11736,7 @@ msgstr "" "producción de este libro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5858 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -11757,7 +11753,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo pudiera ser compartido</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -11778,7 +11774,7 @@ msgstr "" "mio ha socavado eso</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -11793,7 +11789,7 @@ msgstr "" "no hago nada de eso</quote>, comentó Jonathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5884 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -11813,7 +11809,7 @@ msgstr "" "fuente de ingresos de componer canciones personalizadas a sus clientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5894 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -11837,7 +11833,7 @@ msgstr "" "entendible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5906 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send " @@ -11860,11 +11856,8 @@ msgid "" "thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then " "he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process " "really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his " -"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being " -"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should " -"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he " -"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy " -"getting lost in that process.</quote>" +"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged " +"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about" msgstr "" "Cuando es contratado por un cliente para componer una canción, lo primero " "que les solicita es enviar una lista de los puntos de discusión y otra " @@ -11883,6 +11876,14 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 msgid "" +"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find " +"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that " +"process.</quote>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 +msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " "business model is about capitalizing on his strengths as a songwriter, and " @@ -11895,7 +11896,7 @@ msgstr "" "mismo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5931 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -11918,7 +11919,7 @@ msgstr "" "el es mejor al usar su propio estilo único en vez de imitar a otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5943 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -11936,7 +11937,7 @@ msgstr "" "encarnación viviente de estos principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5952 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -11951,7 +11952,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción de mañana puede que sea mejor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5959 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -11967,7 +11968,7 @@ msgstr "" "que nunca se siente verdaderamente exitoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -11978,12 +11979,12 @@ msgstr "" "satisfecha porque entonces mucho de lo que los impulsa se iría</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "Noun Project" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -11994,12 +11995,12 @@ msgstr "" "2010 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" @@ -12008,21 +12009,21 @@ msgstr "" "transacción, cargos por servicios personalizados" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 6 de octubre, " "2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -12033,7 +12034,7 @@ msgstr "" "las fronteras, lenguajes, y culturas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -12050,7 +12051,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el planeta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -12066,7 +12067,7 @@ msgstr "" "similarers." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -12082,7 +12083,7 @@ msgstr "" "voluntarios alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" @@ -12091,7 +12092,7 @@ msgstr "" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6026 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -12111,7 +12112,7 @@ msgstr "" "algo más grande." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -12127,7 +12128,7 @@ msgstr "" "mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6043 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -12145,7 +12146,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6052 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -12158,7 +12159,7 @@ msgstr "" "construir un modelo de negocios alrededor del contenido libre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6059 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -12184,7 +12185,7 @@ msgstr "" "créditos, pueden usar la CC0 para poner el trabajo en el dominio público." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6073 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -12206,7 +12207,7 @@ msgstr "" "foco</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -12221,7 +12222,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy exitante para muchos diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6091 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -12249,7 +12250,7 @@ msgstr "" "creadores, y bueno para la plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -12275,7 +12276,7 @@ msgstr "" "pero la implementación completa requerirá que se compre las versión API Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -12286,7 +12287,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñador y 30 porciento para Noun Project." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -12308,15 +12309,15 @@ msgstr "" "más servicios al usuario." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6131 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -12329,7 +12330,7 @@ msgstr "" "es la principal prioridad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -12343,7 +12344,7 @@ msgstr "" "cuentas; y el más exitoso de todos, suficiente para pagar la renta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6147 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -12369,7 +12370,7 @@ msgstr "" "suscriben al Noun ProjectPro, pueden acceder al mismo desde Lingo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6161 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -12384,7 +12385,7 @@ msgstr "" "visuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -12397,7 +12398,7 @@ msgstr "" "imágenes predefinidas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6174 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -12415,7 +12416,7 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyentes, es importante tener una misión más allá de hacer dinero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6183 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -12428,7 +12429,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro con una comunidad de usuarios y fans." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -12447,7 +12448,7 @@ msgstr "" "otras iniciativas y continuar alimentándola</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -12460,7 +12461,7 @@ msgstr "" "pueden buscar los íconos por el nombre del creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6207 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -12470,7 +12471,7 @@ msgid "" "event. The results are vectorized, and added to the Noun Project using CC0 " "so they can be used by anyone for free." msgstr "" -"El Noun Project tambien construye una comunidad a través de Iconotones—" +"El Noun Project también construye una comunidad a través de Iconotones—" "hackatones para iconos.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> En sociedad " "con una organización patrocinadora, el Noun Project llega con un tema (p. " "ej., energía sustentable, bancos de alilmentos, horticultura guerrillera, " @@ -12480,7 +12481,7 @@ msgstr "" "puedan ser usados por cualquiera gratuitamente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -12500,12 +12501,12 @@ msgstr "" "esa meta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "Open Data Institute" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -12516,12 +12517,12 @@ msgstr "" "datos. Fundada en 2012 en RU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" @@ -12531,14 +12532,14 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados, donaciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de " "noviembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" @@ -12547,7 +12548,7 @@ msgstr "" "técnico" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -12567,7 +12568,7 @@ msgstr "" "a inovar con los datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6261 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -12592,7 +12593,7 @@ msgstr "" "permitirles entender mejor qué es lo que esta pasando alrededor de ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -12608,7 +12609,7 @@ msgstr "" "quiere —" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -12617,19 +12618,19 @@ msgstr "" "políticas de datos abiertos afectan esto;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "desarrollar el caso del beneficio económico y el modelos de negocios para " "los datos abiertos;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "ayudar a los negocios del RU a usar los datos abiertos; y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" @@ -12638,7 +12639,7 @@ msgstr "" "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -12647,7 +12648,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -12666,7 +12667,7 @@ msgstr "" "los datos abiertos para los ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -12682,7 +12683,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión de $4.75 millones de la Omidyar Network." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -12698,7 +12699,7 @@ msgstr "" "un staff de sesenta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -12714,7 +12715,7 @@ msgstr "" "complementarios en respuesta a las necesidades del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -12723,12 +12724,12 @@ msgstr "" "capacitación, y servicios de asesoría." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6353 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -12755,7 +12756,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6356 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -12781,7 +12782,7 @@ msgstr "" "que puedan asistir como una forma de desarrollo profesional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6370 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -12799,7 +12800,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiende a generar gran interés y compromiso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -12815,7 +12816,7 @@ msgstr "" "temáticas principales y más de 750 asistentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6387 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -12833,14 +12834,14 @@ msgstr "" "organizaciones comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" "Del lado comercial, las siguiente proposiciones de valor parecen resonar:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -12852,7 +12853,7 @@ msgstr "" "datos también. Los datos abiertos son un tópico candente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6410 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -12867,7 +12868,7 @@ msgstr "" "autonomía organizativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6419 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -12881,7 +12882,7 @@ msgstr "" "y oportunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6428 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -12899,7 +12900,7 @@ msgstr "" "crear <quote>nodos</quote> internacionales del ODI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -12921,7 +12922,7 @@ msgstr "" "pequeña cuota por ser parte de la red y usar la marca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6451 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" @@ -12930,7 +12931,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -12942,7 +12943,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficinas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6455 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -12960,12 +12961,12 @@ msgstr "" "construirla, no únicamente en línea sino a través de eventos cara-a-cara." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -12983,7 +12984,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -12997,7 +12998,7 @@ msgstr "" "escala." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6478 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -13010,7 +13011,7 @@ msgstr "" "vez de crear <quote>licencias abiertas</quote> de su autoría." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6485 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -13045,7 +13046,7 @@ msgstr "" "y hacer dinero</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -13057,7 +13058,7 @@ msgstr "" "Abril de 2016:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -13070,17 +13071,17 @@ msgstr "" "del ODI han generado desde su incorporación al programa ODI: £ 44.5 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Número total de miembros activos y nodos alrededor del mundo: 1,350" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "Ventas totales desde que comenzó el ODI: £7.44 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" @@ -13089,17 +13090,17 @@ msgstr "" "en persona y en línea: 2.2 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "Total de certificados de Open Data creados: 151, 000" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13108,12 +13109,12 @@ msgstr "" "comenzó: 5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6548 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -13125,13 +13126,13 @@ msgstr "" "RU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" @@ -13140,14 +13141,14 @@ msgstr "" "cuota de transacción" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de noviembre, " "2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" @@ -13156,7 +13157,7 @@ msgstr "" "Steiner, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -13170,7 +13171,7 @@ msgstr "" "por un creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6579 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -13202,7 +13203,7 @@ msgstr "" "de lucro y Opendesk en una campañía de lucro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6596 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -13216,7 +13217,7 @@ msgstr "" "lejos del camino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6603 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -13238,7 +13239,7 @@ msgstr "" "reinventar la rueda y decidieron usar las Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6614 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -13253,7 +13254,7 @@ msgstr "" "Salir con un modelo de negocios iba a ser complejo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -13264,7 +13265,7 @@ msgstr "" "decisiones en el modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -13280,12 +13281,12 @@ msgstr "" "quieren ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6634 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -13299,7 +13300,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6641 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -13313,7 +13314,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Attributtion-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -13333,12 +13334,12 @@ msgstr "" "especificaciones en el archivo de diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -13360,7 +13361,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -13371,7 +13372,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el sitio web de Opendesk:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -13380,7 +13381,7 @@ msgstr "" "registrado, ellos pagan:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -13391,7 +13392,7 @@ msgstr "" "extra por ensamblado cargado por el creador)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" @@ -13400,7 +13401,7 @@ msgstr "" "al diseñador cada vez que su diseño es usado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -13411,7 +13412,7 @@ msgstr "" "contruir nuestro mercado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -13425,7 +13426,7 @@ msgstr "" "relevante)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6708 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -13435,7 +13436,7 @@ msgstr "" "entrega externo asociado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -13448,12 +13449,12 @@ msgstr "" "sitio y los diseñadores podrían ofrecer opciones de diseño a la medida)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13462,13 +13463,13 @@ msgstr "" "creador)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" "A continuación, se detallan cómo se crean las cotizaciones de los creadores:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6732 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -13490,7 +13491,7 @@ msgstr "" "manufactura subyacentes y son típicamente prorrateado de la siguiente manera:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6745 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -13500,27 +13501,27 @@ msgstr "" "ensamblado en sitio)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota por diseño: 8 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de plataforma: 12 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de canal: 18 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "impuesto de venta: los aplicables (depende del producto y ubicación)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -13532,7 +13533,7 @@ msgstr "" "valor al diseñador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -13547,7 +13548,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reino Unido. Actualmente Opendesk representa una gran parte de sus negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6786 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -13565,7 +13566,7 @@ msgstr "" "piezas funcionales y reproducibles." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -13582,7 +13583,7 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -13598,12 +13599,12 @@ msgstr "" "usuales producidos en masa de una tienda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -13623,7 +13624,7 @@ msgstr "" "prácticas de negocios que a ellos les gustaría ver que se usaran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -13639,7 +13640,7 @@ msgstr "" "NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" @@ -13648,22 +13649,22 @@ msgstr "" "considera usos comerciales y no comerciales. Su sitio web declara:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Es inequívocamente uso comercial cuando alguien:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "carga una cuota o tiene una ganancia cuando hace un Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "vende (o tiene un servicio comercial basado en) un OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -13674,7 +13675,7 @@ msgstr "" "monetaria. Por ejemplo, estos califican como no comercial:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6855 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" @@ -13684,7 +13685,7 @@ msgstr "" "mobiliario por sí mismo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6862 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" @@ -13693,7 +13694,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos o capacitación (y no intenta vender las piezas resultantes)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -13708,7 +13709,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles para ti en los diferentes talleres que lo conforman" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6875 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -13731,7 +13732,7 @@ msgstr "" "intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6886 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -13746,7 +13747,7 @@ msgstr "" "involucrados a través de Opendesk en trabajo generador de ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -13758,12 +13759,12 @@ msgstr "" "ganan impulso y entonces tienen esperanza en las personas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "OpenStax" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -13774,12 +13775,12 @@ msgstr "" "demanda y cursos de posicionamiento avanzado. Fundado en 2012 en los EUA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6910 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" @@ -13789,14 +13790,14 @@ msgstr "" "texto)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6914 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 16 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" @@ -13805,7 +13806,7 @@ msgstr "" "Jefe" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -13829,7 +13830,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier momento— sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -13851,7 +13852,7 @@ msgstr "" "OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6948 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -13875,7 +13876,7 @@ msgstr "" "fácil adopción por parte de los estudiantes y profesores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6966 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" @@ -13884,7 +13885,7 @@ msgstr "" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -13905,7 +13906,7 @@ msgstr "" "profesionalente escala rápidamente. Todo sin una fuerza de ventas!" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6970 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -13923,7 +13924,7 @@ msgstr "" "acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -13939,7 +13940,7 @@ msgstr "" "adecúe a sus necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6987 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -13949,16 +13950,16 @@ msgstr "" "Cualquier maestro puede publicar correcciones, sugerir ejemplos para " "conceptos difíciles, o ser voluntario como editor o como autor. Como muchos " "profesores también desean material suplementario para acompañar al libro de " -"texto, OpenStax tambien provee presentaciones, bancos de pruebas, preguntas " +"texto, OpenStax también provee presentaciones, bancos de pruebas, preguntas " "clave, y más." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6998 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6994 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -13974,7 +13975,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus libros de texto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -13987,7 +13988,7 @@ msgstr "" "red extensiva de asociados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7007 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -14008,7 +14009,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión filantrópica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -14029,7 +14030,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles a los alumnos por una cuota." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -14048,7 +14049,7 @@ msgstr "" "Introducción a la Sociología 2da Ed, usando estos fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7038 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -14066,11 +14067,11 @@ msgstr "" "mejor. Con los libros de texto sin costo de OpenStax, pueden proporcionar " "sus servicios a bajo costo—no gratuitamente, pero ahorrando dinero a los " "estudiantes. OpenStax no solo se beneficia recibiendo cuotas de soporte sino " -"tambien a través de publicidad gratuita y mercadeo. OpenStax no tiene una " +"también a través de publicidad gratuita y mercadeo. OpenStax no tiene una " "fuerza de ventas; sus participantes estan afuera mostrando sus materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -14085,7 +14086,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -14106,7 +14107,7 @@ msgstr "" "corrientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7068 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -14132,7 +14133,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -14150,7 +14151,7 @@ msgstr "" "restitución sobre una escala de tiempo que sea razonable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -14174,7 +14175,7 @@ msgstr "" "cero, un buen ejemplo es su libro de biología." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7102 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -14208,7 +14209,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy laborioso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -14228,7 +14229,7 @@ msgstr "" "por adelantado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -14247,7 +14248,7 @@ msgstr "" "da a los profesore el control y libertad académica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -14268,7 +14269,7 @@ msgstr "" "compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7150 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" @@ -14278,29 +14279,29 @@ msgstr "" "vistazo</quote> de su reciente material para la prensa:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Libros publicados: 23" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: $ 155 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: $77 " "millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7178 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -14313,7 +14314,7 @@ msgstr "" "años y universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera de los E.U.A.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -14327,7 +14328,7 @@ msgstr "" "internacional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -14343,7 +14344,7 @@ msgstr "" "carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7202 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -14366,22 +14367,22 @@ msgstr "" "alcanzarla." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7215 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "Amanda Palmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7222 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -14394,14 +14395,14 @@ msgstr "" "(performances), venta de mercancia" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 15 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -14412,7 +14413,7 @@ msgstr "" "swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -14425,7 +14426,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7243 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -14439,7 +14440,7 @@ msgstr "" "haciendolo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7250 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -14457,7 +14458,7 @@ msgstr "" "comida de tal manera que puedan seguir haciendo arte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7259 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -14486,7 +14487,7 @@ msgstr "" "manera que pudiera seguir haciendo arte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7273 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -14507,7 +14508,7 @@ msgstr "" "nunca fué lo que Amanda y the Dresden Dolls querían hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7284 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -14530,7 +14531,7 @@ msgstr "" "kickstarter más exitosos de todos los tiempos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7296 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -14553,7 +14554,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7308 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -14587,7 +14588,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencias NonCommercial fueron como hechas a la medida." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -14604,7 +14605,7 @@ msgstr "" "música</quote>, dijo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -14623,7 +14624,7 @@ msgstr "" "Asking." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7344 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -14647,7 +14648,7 @@ msgstr "" "inmediato es una habilidad por sí misma,</quote> escribió Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7356 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -14667,7 +14668,7 @@ msgstr "" "después de un espectáculo, ellos pueden sentir legitimamente que la conocen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -14684,7 +14685,7 @@ msgstr "" "que el riesgo de hacerte vulnerable casi siempre vale la pena</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -14703,7 +14704,7 @@ msgstr "" "haces con los amigos—compartes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7384 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -14722,7 +14723,7 @@ msgstr "" "Personas que se sienten involucradas en su éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -14739,7 +14740,7 @@ msgstr "" "de pertenencia a su <quote>pequeña y rara familia</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -14758,7 +14759,7 @@ msgstr "" "energía en una forma que sea placentera para ti</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7411 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -14783,7 +14784,7 @@ msgstr "" "Comineza con el arte y entonces el nexo se fortalece con la conexión humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -14802,7 +14803,7 @@ msgstr "" "es genuinamente valioso para ellos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -14821,12 +14822,12 @@ msgstr "" "a la gente a ayudarla, los deja hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "PLOS (Biblioteca pública de ciencia)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -14837,12 +14838,12 @@ msgstr "" "y otra literatura científica. Fundada en el 2000 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" @@ -14852,19 +14853,19 @@ msgstr "" "en la revista" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 7 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Louise Page, Editor" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7469 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -14893,7 +14894,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7483 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -14916,7 +14917,7 @@ msgstr "" "quieran leer la revista especializada o un artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7494 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -14940,7 +14941,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación y avance del campo. Era tiempo para un nuevo modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -14965,7 +14966,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7518 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -14990,7 +14991,7 @@ msgstr "" "logitud de palabras, figuras, u otros elementos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7530 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -15010,7 +15011,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzó en 2006, son debajo de los $1,500." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -15022,7 +15023,7 @@ msgstr "" "procesamiento por artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7545 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -15056,7 +15057,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo para publicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -15073,7 +15074,7 @@ msgstr "" "cómo debería ser publicado y difundido el contenido de investigación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -15085,7 +15086,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibilidad de datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -15104,7 +15105,7 @@ msgstr "" "opciones en donde publicar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -15118,7 +15119,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluso cuando ellas son relativamente nuevas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7590 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -15136,7 +15137,7 @@ msgstr "" "generan más descubrimientos y citas a los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -15152,7 +15153,7 @@ msgstr "" "de acceso abierto inicial, o que cualquiera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7607 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -15199,7 +15200,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo referente a la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -15211,7 +15212,7 @@ msgstr "" "cambiar la práctica actual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -15225,7 +15226,7 @@ msgstr "" "más tiempo requerirá inevitablemente el tiempo de aprobación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -15249,7 +15250,7 @@ msgstr "" "limitados al autor y la editorial." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7655 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -15263,7 +15264,7 @@ msgstr "" "de la investigación se reinventa alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -15298,7 +15299,7 @@ msgstr "" "los investigadores no tienen mucho tiempo para comentar los preprints." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -15318,17 +15319,17 @@ msgstr "" "transformaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -15357,7 +15358,7 @@ msgstr "" "los lectores para comunicarse con los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -15377,7 +15378,7 @@ msgstr "" "experimentación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -15397,7 +15398,7 @@ msgstr "" "135,000 articulos de calidad para su lectura sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -15408,12 +15409,12 @@ msgstr "" "reproducible para el avance de la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7729 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "Rijksmuseum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@ -15422,12 +15423,12 @@ msgstr "" "historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7738 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -15438,14 +15439,14 @@ msgstr "" "museo), venta de mercancía" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7742 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" @@ -15454,7 +15455,7 @@ msgstr "" "Datos del Departamento de Información sobre Colecciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7753 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -15484,7 +15485,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo para el museo, más abierto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7769 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -15512,7 +15513,7 @@ msgstr "" "un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7783 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -15530,12 +15531,12 @@ msgstr "" "toda la colección en línea?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7794 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7792 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -15561,7 +15562,7 @@ msgstr "" "aún más discusiones sobre si el Rijksmuseum debería seguir el ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7806 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -15586,7 +15587,7 @@ msgstr "" "eran los niños en edad escolar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -15614,7 +15615,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7833 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -15636,7 +15637,7 @@ msgstr "" "objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7844 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -15664,7 +15665,7 @@ msgstr "" "que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -15681,7 +15682,7 @@ msgstr "" "una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7867 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -15707,12 +15708,12 @@ msgstr "" "proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -15730,7 +15731,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7890 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -15753,7 +15754,7 @@ msgstr "" "comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7901 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -15767,7 +15768,7 @@ msgstr "" "escolares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -15789,7 +15790,7 @@ msgstr "" "público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7928 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" @@ -15798,7 +15799,7 @@ msgstr "" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7919 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -15821,7 +15822,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"El cisne amenazado\".<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7932 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -15834,7 +15835,7 @@ msgstr "" "award-2015\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" @@ -15843,7 +15844,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -15875,7 +15876,7 @@ msgstr "" "del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -15887,7 +15888,7 @@ msgstr "" "usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7956 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -15904,7 +15905,7 @@ msgstr "" "mil visitas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7965 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -15930,7 +15931,7 @@ msgstr "" "pintura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7978 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -15967,12 +15968,12 @@ msgstr "" "acompañarte y ayudarte</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "Shareable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" @@ -15980,12 +15981,12 @@ msgstr "" "los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" @@ -15994,14 +15995,14 @@ msgstr "" "financiamiento comunitario ( basado en proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" @@ -16010,7 +16011,7 @@ msgstr "" "y editor ejecutivo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8021 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -16033,7 +16034,7 @@ msgstr "" "mantenerse fiel a sus principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8032 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -16057,7 +16058,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -16075,7 +16076,7 @@ msgstr "" "estan recibiendo ahora.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8054 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -16097,7 +16098,7 @@ msgstr "" "y continuó ganando audiencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8065 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -16120,7 +16121,7 @@ msgstr "" "calentamiento global." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8077 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -16142,7 +16143,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus lectores a realizar cambios en sus propias vidas y comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8089 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -16170,7 +16171,7 @@ msgstr "" "parte del contenido creado por la red es licenciado con Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8104 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -16199,7 +16200,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuestras.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -16219,7 +16220,7 @@ msgstr "" "web." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8129 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -16233,7 +16234,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguientes campañas de recaudación de fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -16253,7 +16254,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad representará mejor su visión del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -16277,7 +16278,7 @@ msgstr "" "corazón</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -16298,7 +16299,7 @@ msgstr "" "participantes fue gente de su base existente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8169 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -16312,7 +16313,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos en construir relaciones entre sus lectores y seguidores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8176 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -16345,7 +16346,7 @@ msgstr "" "implemente su red." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -16359,12 +16360,12 @@ msgstr "" "sus propias comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "Siyavula" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -16374,12 +16375,12 @@ msgstr "" "integra experiencias de aprendizaje. Fundada en 2012 en Sudafrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" @@ -16388,18 +16389,18 @@ msgstr "" "servicios personalizados, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 5 de abril, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -16415,7 +16416,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sudáfrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8231 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -16428,7 +16429,7 @@ msgstr "" "sobrevivir y prosperar. Mark dice que ha sido muy orgánico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -16445,12 +16446,12 @@ msgstr "" "editarlos y ponerlos disponibles libremente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8246 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -16470,7 +16471,7 @@ msgstr "" "los grados 10 al 12." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -16487,7 +16488,7 @@ msgstr "" "este logro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -16501,12 +16502,12 @@ msgstr "" "necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8269 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -16526,7 +16527,7 @@ msgstr "" "del K-12 en inglés. Ese proyecto se volvió Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -16542,7 +16543,7 @@ msgstr "" "mas allá de los seis libros iniciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -16570,12 +16571,12 @@ msgstr "" "esa manera estarían seguros para compartir y libres de repercusiones legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -16594,7 +16595,7 @@ msgstr "" "probo ser demasiado complejo y los libros de texto rara vez fueron editados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8309 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -16608,7 +16609,7 @@ msgstr "" "un fellow de Shuttleworth." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -16626,7 +16627,7 @@ msgstr "" "funcionaron realmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -16643,7 +16644,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos abiertos, vieron esto como una gran oportunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8332 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -16661,7 +16662,7 @@ msgstr "" "dispositivo—computadora, tableta, o teléfono móvil." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -16686,7 +16687,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro de los libros de texto abiertos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -16699,7 +16700,7 @@ msgstr "" "dirigido únicamente a la parte más alta del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8360 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -16717,7 +16718,7 @@ msgstr "" "involuntariamente se volvió los estudiantes de bajos ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -16737,7 +16738,7 @@ msgstr "" "que estaban atendiendo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8378 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -16755,7 +16756,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado, cuál es el precio, y que barreras para acceder hay." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -16768,7 +16769,7 @@ msgstr "" "servicio relacionado y convertir algunas personas en clientes de pago." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8393 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -16785,7 +16786,7 @@ msgstr "" "quienes cobran una y otra vez por el mismo contenido sin agregar valor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8402 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -16808,7 +16809,7 @@ msgstr "" "se suscriben." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8413 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -16826,7 +16827,7 @@ msgstr "" "desempeño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -16842,12 +16843,12 @@ msgstr "" "para los grados 4 al 6 y depués para los grados 7 al 9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8433 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8430 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -16863,7 +16864,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -16883,7 +16884,7 @@ msgstr "" "en lobros distribuidos a más de un millon de estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -16900,7 +16901,7 @@ msgstr "" "(CC BY), permitiendo a otros modificar y redistribuir los libros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8455 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -16921,7 +16922,7 @@ msgstr "" "menor en el país. Pero después de una larga negociación, el gobierno se negó." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -16941,7 +16942,7 @@ msgstr "" "independientes del gobierno." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -16957,7 +16958,7 @@ msgstr "" "potenciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8484 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -16978,7 +16979,7 @@ msgstr "" "siendo el modelo que usa Siyavula actualmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8495 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -16992,7 +16993,7 @@ msgstr "" "conflictiva y está en el limbo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -17008,7 +17009,7 @@ msgstr "" "Intelligent Practice recolecta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -17036,12 +17037,12 @@ msgstr "" "ambos, él y la compañía son más fuertes por eso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "SparkFun" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -17050,12 +17051,12 @@ msgstr "" "hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" @@ -17064,21 +17065,21 @@ msgstr "" "físicas (ventas de componentes electrónicos)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 29 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -17093,7 +17094,7 @@ msgstr "" "hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -17106,7 +17107,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuestro impacto en el mundo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8561 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -17124,7 +17125,7 @@ msgstr "" "por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -17143,7 +17144,7 @@ msgstr "" "se considera como su propiedad intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -17156,7 +17157,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -17176,7 +17177,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -17195,7 +17196,7 @@ msgstr "" "dijo Nathan. <quote>Esto es con lo que deberían competir</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8605 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -17217,7 +17218,7 @@ msgstr "" "empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8617 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -17235,7 +17236,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus diagramas y firmware para los productos que crean." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8626 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -17252,7 +17253,7 @@ msgstr "" "para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -17268,7 +17269,7 @@ msgstr "" "tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -17281,7 +17282,7 @@ msgstr "" "para el 2020</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8648 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -17302,7 +17303,7 @@ msgstr "" "adaptación disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -17322,7 +17323,7 @@ msgstr "" "competencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -17349,7 +17350,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo con un elemento humano, lo cual lo hace más significativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -17369,7 +17370,7 @@ msgstr "" "resultado financiero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -17384,7 +17385,7 @@ msgstr "" "que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8701 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -17408,7 +17409,7 @@ msgstr "" "para solucionarlos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -17429,7 +17430,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, dijo Nathan. <quote>Eso no es realmente cierto</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -17449,7 +17450,7 @@ msgstr "" "de circuitos a partir de nuestros diseños</quote>, dijo Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8734 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -17475,12 +17476,12 @@ msgstr "" "propusieron ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "TeachAIDS" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -17491,24 +17492,24 @@ msgstr "" "SIDA. Fundada en 2005 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8760 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de marzo, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" @@ -17517,7 +17518,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shuman Ghosemajumder, el presidente" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -17530,7 +17531,7 @@ msgstr "" "los materiales educativos que distribuye TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8777 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -17556,7 +17557,7 @@ msgstr "" "disposición bajo una licencia Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -17596,7 +17597,7 @@ msgstr "" "únicamente pedazos de información." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8810 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -17619,7 +17620,7 @@ msgstr "" "la creación una educación eficaz, culturalmente apropiada</quote>, dijo Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -17631,7 +17632,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons en los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8828 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -17661,7 +17662,7 @@ msgstr "" "protegiéndonos al mismo tiempo</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8844 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -17678,7 +17679,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>La investigación impulsa todo lo que hacemos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8853 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -17695,7 +17696,7 @@ msgstr "" "para cada versión adaptada de los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8862 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -17723,7 +17724,7 @@ msgstr "" "la información de alguien del mismo genero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8877 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -17753,7 +17754,7 @@ msgstr "" "once veces." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8893 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -17790,7 +17791,7 @@ msgstr "" "reproducir y que funcionen</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8913 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -17817,7 +17818,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacerlo completamente gratuito</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8926 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -17839,7 +17840,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativo. Todo el contenido permanece con la marca de TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -17859,7 +17860,7 @@ msgstr "" "países ricos</quote>, comentó Shuman." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8947 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -17886,7 +17887,7 @@ msgstr "" "beneficiar a la marca por muchos años en el futuro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -17904,7 +17905,7 @@ msgstr "" "alrededor del hecho de que han patrocinado estas iniciativas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -17922,12 +17923,12 @@ msgstr "" "comentó Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "Tribe of Noise" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -17938,19 +17939,19 @@ msgstr "" "fundada en 2008 en los Países Bajos (Holanda)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de enero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" @@ -17959,7 +17960,7 @@ msgstr "" "cofundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -17977,7 +17978,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluyendo el uso de software de fuentes abiertas y Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -17997,7 +17998,7 @@ msgstr "" "derechos no era suficientemente fácil de encontrar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -18017,7 +18018,7 @@ msgstr "" "Hessel y Sandra se decidieron a construir una plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9033 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -18033,7 +18034,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocio musicales requiere de una relación de confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -18049,12 +18050,12 @@ msgstr "" "personalmente para encontrar dicha música." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9055 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -18077,7 +18078,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9058 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -18117,7 +18118,7 @@ msgstr "" "días</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -18144,7 +18145,7 @@ msgstr "" "tempranas en Escandinavia, Bélgica y los Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -18160,12 +18161,12 @@ msgstr "" "es como presentan el ejemplo en su sitio Web:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9109 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -18187,7 +18188,7 @@ msgstr "" "0.142 = US$73 por mes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9112 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -18208,7 +18209,7 @@ msgstr "" "canción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -18230,7 +18231,7 @@ msgstr "" "reutilizar su canción en un posible mejor acuerdo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -18247,7 +18248,7 @@ msgstr "" "limpios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -18260,7 +18261,7 @@ msgstr "" "repertorio musical que el área comunitaria." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -18276,7 +18277,7 @@ msgstr "" "explorar otros modelos como el de Tribe of Noise Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9156 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -18298,7 +18299,7 @@ msgstr "" "la plataforma que genuinamente se involucran con ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -18317,7 +18318,7 @@ msgstr "" "necesidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9177 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -18342,7 +18343,7 @@ msgstr "" "ASCAP o BMI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -18374,7 +18375,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tener que enfrentar batallas legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9206 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -18396,12 +18397,12 @@ msgstr "" "basado en la confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "Fundación Wikimedia" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -18410,24 +18411,24 @@ msgstr "" "Wikipedia y sus proyectos hermanos. Fundada en 2003 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ganancia</emphasis>: donations" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 18 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" @@ -18436,12 +18437,12 @@ msgstr "" "de Compromiso Comunitario, y Stephen LaPorte, asesor legal" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9242 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "Casi cualquier persona con una presencia en línea conoce la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -18456,7 +18457,7 @@ msgstr "" "que permite a las personas reusarlo y adaptarlo para cualquier propósito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -18467,7 +18468,7 @@ msgstr "" "— el artículo de la Wikipedia acerca de la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -18495,7 +18496,7 @@ msgstr "" "no estan conectados con alguna organización en partícular." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -18509,7 +18510,7 @@ msgstr "" "colaboración humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9279 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -18526,7 +18527,7 @@ msgstr "" "simplemente todo ocurre a una escala sin precedentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9288 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -18550,7 +18551,7 @@ msgstr "" "hechas cada hora." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9300 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -18593,7 +18594,7 @@ msgstr "" "directo para los sitios de Wikimedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9324 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -18623,7 +18624,7 @@ msgstr "" "La mayor parte del tiempo, la gente quiere hacer lo correcto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9340 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -18647,7 +18648,7 @@ msgstr "" "proteger no es siempre lo mejor para todos</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9364 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" @@ -18656,7 +18657,7 @@ msgstr "" "mistakes/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -18693,7 +18694,7 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyen.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -18712,7 +18713,7 @@ msgstr "" "$77 millones de más de cinco millones de donadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9381 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -18732,7 +18733,7 @@ msgstr "" "retornen. Cada poco ayuda. Con las suficientes miradas, ellos estan bien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9392 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -18751,7 +18752,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace la fundación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -18764,7 +18765,7 @@ msgstr "" "lectores. También infunde confianza en su comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -18777,7 +18778,7 @@ msgstr "" "motivar un movimiento entero</quote>, Stephen nos dijo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -18792,12 +18793,12 @@ msgstr "" "un medio de ser ese espacio público abierto</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "Bibliografía" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -18808,7 +18809,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." @@ -18818,14 +18819,14 @@ msgstr "" "2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" "Chris Anderson. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. Nueva York: Signal, " "2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." @@ -18834,7 +18835,7 @@ msgstr "" "Decisions. Rev. ed. Nueva York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9444 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." @@ -18843,7 +18844,7 @@ msgstr "" "2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -18856,7 +18857,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -18867,7 +18868,7 @@ msgstr "" "net/WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -18880,16 +18881,16 @@ msgstr "" "transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9467 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" -"David Bollier. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " -"the Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." +"David Bollier. <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " +"the Commons</emphasis>. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -18908,7 +18909,7 @@ msgstr "" "capital-commons\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." @@ -18917,7 +18918,7 @@ msgstr "" "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9485 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." @@ -18926,7 +18927,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption. Nueva York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9489 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." @@ -18935,7 +18936,7 @@ msgstr "" "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9492 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." @@ -18944,7 +18945,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." @@ -18953,7 +18954,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." @@ -18962,7 +18963,7 @@ msgstr "" "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9505 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." @@ -18971,7 +18972,7 @@ msgstr "" "Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9509 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -18988,7 +18989,7 @@ msgstr "" "for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -18999,7 +19000,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, y Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." @@ -19008,7 +19009,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." @@ -19017,7 +19018,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -19030,7 +19031,7 @@ msgstr "" ">." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9536 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -19043,7 +19044,7 @@ msgstr "" "ca/publications/Free-Knowledge\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." @@ -19052,7 +19053,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -19062,7 +19063,7 @@ msgstr "" "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Cap. 11 en Elliott y Hepting, Free Knowledge." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -19075,7 +19076,7 @@ msgstr "" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9558 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." @@ -19084,7 +19085,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." @@ -19093,7 +19094,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons. Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -19104,7 +19105,7 @@ msgstr "" "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." @@ -19113,7 +19114,7 @@ msgstr "" "con nuevo epílogo. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." @@ -19122,7 +19123,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9580 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." @@ -19131,7 +19132,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creativity and the Commons</emphasis>. Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." @@ -19140,7 +19141,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." @@ -19149,7 +19150,7 @@ msgstr "" "Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." @@ -19158,7 +19159,7 @@ msgstr "" "Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." @@ -19167,7 +19168,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books. Nueva York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9601 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." @@ -19176,7 +19177,7 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." @@ -19185,7 +19186,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." @@ -19194,7 +19195,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." @@ -19203,7 +19204,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." @@ -19212,7 +19213,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -19223,7 +19224,7 @@ msgstr "" "com/news/technology-35709680\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." @@ -19232,7 +19233,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy. Nueva York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -19241,7 +19242,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." @@ -19250,7 +19251,7 @@ msgstr "" "Straus y Giroux, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -19261,7 +19262,7 @@ msgstr "" "2011. <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -19272,7 +19273,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -19285,7 +19286,7 @@ msgstr "" "proposition-design\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9657 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." @@ -19294,7 +19295,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help. Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -19309,7 +19310,7 @@ msgstr "" "(licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -19322,7 +19323,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -19335,7 +19336,7 @@ msgstr "" "url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -19346,7 +19347,7 @@ msgstr "" "Business, 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -19357,7 +19358,7 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" @@ -19365,7 +19366,7 @@ msgstr "" "Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." @@ -19374,7 +19375,7 @@ msgstr "" "Enemy of Prosperity. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." @@ -19383,7 +19384,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." @@ -19392,7 +19393,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators. Londres, Inglaterra: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." @@ -19401,7 +19402,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." @@ -19410,7 +19411,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." @@ -19419,7 +19420,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." @@ -19428,7 +19429,7 @@ msgstr "" "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." @@ -19437,13 +19438,13 @@ msgstr "" "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9727 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -19454,7 +19455,7 @@ msgstr "" "Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." @@ -19463,7 +19464,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reiter. Nueva York: Simon y Schuster, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9740 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." @@ -19472,7 +19473,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -19487,7 +19488,7 @@ msgstr "" "opendesignnow.org\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -19498,7 +19499,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -19509,7 +19510,7 @@ msgstr "" "NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." @@ -19518,12 +19519,12 @@ msgstr "" "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Agradecimientos" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9770 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -19538,7 +19539,7 @@ msgstr "" "inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -19549,7 +19550,7 @@ msgstr "" "los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -19565,7 +19566,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -19579,7 +19580,7 @@ msgstr "" "invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9796 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -19672,7 +19673,7 @@ msgstr "" "Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9847 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -20338,69 +20339,3 @@ msgstr "" "Strickler, Yann Heurtaux, Yasmine Hajjar, Yu-Hsian Sun, Yves Deruisseau, " "Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, ZeMarmot " "Open Movie" - -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, <emphasis>Business Model Generation</" -#~ "emphasis> (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book " -#~ "is available at <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-" -#~ "generation\"/>." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "Alex Osterwalder e Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " -#~ "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Puede consultarse una previsualización del " -#~ "libro en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-" -#~ "generation\"/>." - -#~ msgid "" -#~ "David Bollier, <emphasis>Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to " -#~ "the Life of the Commons</emphasis> (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " -#~ "2014), 70." -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " -#~ "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." - -#~ msgid "Mexico City" -#~ msgstr "Mexico City" - -#~ msgid "" -#~ " <city>Mexico City</city>\n" -#~ " " -#~ msgstr "" -#~ " <city>Ciudad de México</city>\n" -#~ " " - -#~ msgid "" -#~ "<copyright> <year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder> </" -#~ "copyright> <publisher> <publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername> " -#~ "<placeholder type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/> </publisher>" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "<copyright> <year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder> </" -#~ "copyright> <publisher> <publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername> " -#~ "<placeholder type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/> </publisher>" - -#~ msgid "" -#~ "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " -#~ "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" -#~ msgstr "" -#~ "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " -#~ "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" - -#~ msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." -#~ msgstr "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." - -#~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" -#~ msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" - -#~ msgid "Enterprise engagements" -#~ msgstr "Compromisos empresariales" - -#~ msgid "Different views on resources" -#~ msgstr "Diferentes puntos de vista sobre recursos" - -#~ msgid "Long ago" -#~ msgstr "Hace mucho tiempo" - -#~ msgid "State takeover of the commons" -#~ msgstr "Adquisición estatal de los comunes" - -#~ msgid "Today" -#~ msgstr "Hoy" diff --git a/po/mwcc.pot b/po/mwcc.pot index aacde6e..3ac1117 100644 --- a/po/mwcc.pot +++ b/po/mwcc.pot @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-07 20:09+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-06 12:30-0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" @@ -4376,7 +4376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5475 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6916 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7744 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4883 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6247 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6921 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7465 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9000 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" @@ -4691,7 +4691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5777 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7228 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8762 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8017 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8545 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8767 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" @@ -6119,14 +6119,19 @@ msgid "" "to develop this functionality as part of their own " "infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data also provides a link back to the " "article, generating additional click-through and readership—a benefit to " -"both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides " +"both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4751 +msgid "" "research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " "Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " "convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4757 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6138,7 +6143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4767 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6150,7 +6155,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4777 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6164,7 +6169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6176,7 +6181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4800 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6187,21 +6192,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4808 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other " @@ -6215,7 +6220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6228,12 +6233,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4830 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6247,7 +6252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4841 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6257,7 +6262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6273,12 +6278,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4867 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6286,36 +6291,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -6336,7 +6341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4906 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6349,7 +6354,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4917 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6364,7 +6369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4931 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6382,14 +6387,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4957 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4948 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6407,7 +6412,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4964 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6422,7 +6427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4977 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6442,7 +6447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6451,7 +6456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5002 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6468,7 +6473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5018 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6483,12 +6488,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5032 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6498,12 +6503,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5040 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6512,7 +6517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5046 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6521,7 +6526,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6535,7 +6540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5064 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6547,7 +6552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5074 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6563,7 +6568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5088 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6574,7 +6579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5098 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6582,7 +6587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6590,7 +6595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5110 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6603,7 +6608,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5121 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6612,7 +6617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5128 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6624,7 +6629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5137 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6632,7 +6637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "" "users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " "use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " @@ -6640,12 +6645,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access " @@ -6653,29 +6658,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5172 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6692,7 +6697,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6701,7 +6706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6710,7 +6715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5201 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6728,7 +6733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6739,7 +6744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5227 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6750,7 +6755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6761,7 +6766,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5244 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6774,35 +6779,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5280 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6811,7 +6816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5289 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6819,12 +6824,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5299 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6833,7 +6838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6845,14 +6850,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5315 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6866,7 +6871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5325 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6879,7 +6884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5337 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6895,7 +6900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6903,7 +6908,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5358 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6915,7 +6920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5368 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6923,7 +6928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6931,7 +6936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5379 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 " @@ -6943,12 +6948,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5389 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6961,7 +6966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5399 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -6973,7 +6978,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5410 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -6983,7 +6988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5418 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -6997,14 +7002,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5435 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by " "grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is " @@ -7017,7 +7022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5446 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7030,48 +7035,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5461 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5488 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and " "education-technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to " @@ -7095,7 +7100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5505 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7107,7 +7112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5515 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7118,7 +7123,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7128,7 +7133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5532 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7144,33 +7149,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5554 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5573 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7180,7 +7185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5581 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7190,7 +7195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7200,7 +7205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5596 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7211,7 +7216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5605 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7229,7 +7234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7242,7 +7247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5633 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7255,7 +7260,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5644 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7265,7 +7270,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5652 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7278,7 +7283,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5663 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7288,7 +7293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5671 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7303,7 +7308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5684 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7315,7 +7320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7327,7 +7332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5704 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7338,7 +7343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5713 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7351,7 +7356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5724 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7362,7 +7367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7371,7 +7376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5739 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than " @@ -7385,7 +7390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7397,26 +7402,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink " "url=\"http://jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5771 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7424,12 +7429,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5784 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as " "<quote>hustling</quote>—seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make " @@ -7443,7 +7448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5796 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7456,7 +7461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7465,7 +7470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5814 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7477,7 +7482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5824 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7494,7 +7499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5840 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7505,7 +7510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5849 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7516,7 +7521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5858 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7527,7 +7532,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5867 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7539,7 +7544,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5877 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7549,7 +7554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5884 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7561,7 +7566,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5894 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those " "skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift " @@ -7575,7 +7580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5906 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7584,16 +7589,22 @@ msgid "" "thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then " "he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process " "really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his " -"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being " -"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should " -"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he " -"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy " -"getting lost in that process.</quote>" +"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged " +"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung " +"about" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 msgid "" +"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find " +"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that " +"process.</quote>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 +msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " "business model is about capitalizing on his strengths as a songwriter, and " @@ -7601,7 +7612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5931 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7615,7 +7626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5943 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and " "grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in " @@ -7626,7 +7637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5952 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7636,7 +7647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5959 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7646,7 +7657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5966 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7654,12 +7665,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7667,29 +7678,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7697,7 +7708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7708,7 +7719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7718,7 +7729,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7728,14 +7739,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6026 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7748,7 +7759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7758,7 +7769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6043 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s " @@ -7769,7 +7780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6052 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7778,7 +7789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6059 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7793,7 +7804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6073 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7806,7 +7817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7816,7 +7827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6091 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7832,7 +7843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7847,7 +7858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For " "one-off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7855,7 +7866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7868,12 +7879,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6131 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6136 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7882,7 +7893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7891,7 +7902,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6147 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7906,7 +7917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6161 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7916,7 +7927,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -7925,7 +7936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6174 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7936,7 +7947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6183 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -7945,7 +7956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -7957,7 +7968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7966,7 +7977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6207 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -7978,7 +7989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6216 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -7990,12 +8001,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8003,31 +8014,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the " "London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8039,7 +8050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6261 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of " "society. Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight " @@ -8053,7 +8064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6273 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8063,38 +8074,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8106,7 +8117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8116,7 +8127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6323 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8126,7 +8137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8136,19 +8147,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6353 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to " @@ -8163,7 +8174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6356 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8178,7 +8189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6370 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more " "demand. Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship " @@ -8189,7 +8200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8199,7 +8210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6387 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8210,12 +8221,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 msgid "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8223,7 +8234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6410 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8233,7 +8244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6419 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8242,7 +8253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6428 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United " "Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors " @@ -8254,7 +8265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8268,14 +8279,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6451 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink " "url=\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8283,7 +8294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6455 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community " "building. Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and " @@ -8294,12 +8305,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8310,7 +8321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8319,7 +8330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6478 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8328,7 +8339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6485 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8347,7 +8358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8355,7 +8366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8364,46 +8375,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6548 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8411,31 +8422,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8444,7 +8455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6579 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8463,7 +8474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6596 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8472,7 +8483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6603 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8485,7 +8496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6614 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8495,7 +8506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8503,7 +8514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8513,12 +8524,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6634 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8528,7 +8539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6641 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8537,7 +8548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8550,12 +8561,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8568,7 +8579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8576,14 +8587,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8591,14 +8602,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8606,7 +8617,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to " @@ -8615,14 +8626,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6708 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8631,24 +8642,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6732 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8661,34 +8672,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6745 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8696,7 +8707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8706,7 +8717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6786 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8717,7 +8728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open " "making</quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers " @@ -8727,7 +8738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8737,12 +8748,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8754,7 +8765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8764,29 +8775,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6828 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8794,28 +8805,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6855 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6862 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6875 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8828,7 +8839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6886 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8838,7 +8849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8847,12 +8858,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement " @@ -8860,31 +8871,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6910 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6914 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, " "editor-in-chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8898,7 +8909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8911,7 +8922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6948 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8925,14 +8936,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6966 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -8945,7 +8956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6970 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8956,7 +8967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8966,7 +8977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6987 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8975,12 +8986,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6998 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6994 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -8990,7 +9001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -8999,7 +9010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7007 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on " @@ -9012,7 +9023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7018 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9024,7 +9035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9036,7 +9047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7038 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak " "efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing " @@ -9050,7 +9061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9060,7 +9071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7058 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9072,7 +9083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7068 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9087,7 +9098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9098,7 +9109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9112,7 +9123,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7102 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9131,7 +9142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an " @@ -9143,7 +9154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9155,7 +9166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9167,7 +9178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7150 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive " "results. From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press " @@ -9175,27 +9186,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7178 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9204,7 +9215,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9213,7 +9224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9223,7 +9234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7202 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9236,22 +9247,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7215 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7222 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9260,19 +9271,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7240 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9281,7 +9292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7243 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot " @@ -9291,7 +9302,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7250 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9302,7 +9313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7259 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9318,7 +9329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7273 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9331,7 +9342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7284 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9345,7 +9356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7296 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9359,7 +9370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7308 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9378,7 +9389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9388,7 +9399,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9400,7 +9411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7344 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9414,7 +9425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7356 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9426,7 +9437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7365 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9437,7 +9448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7374 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9449,7 +9460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7384 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9461,7 +9472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9472,7 +9483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7401 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9484,7 +9495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7411 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9499,7 +9510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9511,7 +9522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7434 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9523,12 +9534,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the " @@ -9536,29 +9547,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7469 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9574,7 +9585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7483 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9588,7 +9599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7494 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9602,7 +9613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9616,7 +9627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7518 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9630,7 +9641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7530 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9642,7 +9653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to " "publication. Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for " @@ -9651,7 +9662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7545 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9669,7 +9680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC " "BY). This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content " @@ -9680,7 +9691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9688,7 +9699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9699,7 +9710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9708,7 +9719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7590 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9719,7 +9730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9729,7 +9740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7607 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9753,7 +9764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9761,7 +9772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9770,7 +9781,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9784,7 +9795,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7655 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9793,7 +9804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9811,7 +9822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7680 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9823,17 +9834,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7694 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9849,7 +9860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9861,7 +9872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9873,7 +9884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9881,24 +9892,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7729 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and " "history. Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7738 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9906,19 +9917,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7742 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7753 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9935,7 +9946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7769 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9951,7 +9962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7783 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9962,12 +9973,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7794 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7792 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder " @@ -9983,7 +9994,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7806 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -9997,7 +10008,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10012,7 +10023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7833 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for " @@ -10026,7 +10037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7844 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of " "poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of " @@ -10042,7 +10053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10053,7 +10064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7867 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10068,12 +10079,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10084,7 +10095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7890 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10097,7 +10108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7901 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10106,7 +10117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the " @@ -10119,14 +10130,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7928 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7919 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10140,7 +10151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7932 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10149,14 +10160,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10174,7 +10185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10182,7 +10193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7956 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10193,7 +10204,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7965 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10208,7 +10219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7978 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10228,41 +10239,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7998 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 msgid "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8021 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10275,7 +10286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8032 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10289,7 +10300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10301,7 +10312,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8054 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10314,7 +10325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8065 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10327,7 +10338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8077 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10340,7 +10351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8089 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10356,7 +10367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8104 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10372,7 +10383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8119 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10384,7 +10395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8129 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10393,7 +10404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8136 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10405,7 +10416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10419,7 +10430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8159 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10431,7 +10442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8169 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10441,7 +10452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8176 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10459,7 +10470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a " @@ -10468,12 +10479,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10481,29 +10492,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10513,7 +10524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8231 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10522,7 +10533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10532,12 +10543,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8246 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10549,7 +10560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10559,7 +10570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10568,12 +10579,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8269 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10585,7 +10596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10595,7 +10606,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10611,12 +10622,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10628,7 +10639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8309 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10637,7 +10648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10648,7 +10659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10659,7 +10670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8332 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10670,7 +10681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8341 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10684,7 +10695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10693,7 +10704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8360 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10704,7 +10715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10716,7 +10727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8378 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10727,7 +10738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10736,7 +10747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8393 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10747,7 +10758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8402 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale " "up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10760,7 +10771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8413 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10771,7 +10782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10781,12 +10792,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8433 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8430 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10796,7 +10807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8437 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10808,7 +10819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10819,7 +10830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8455 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10832,7 +10843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10844,7 +10855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10854,7 +10865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8484 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10867,7 +10878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8495 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The " @@ -10876,7 +10887,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10886,7 +10897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10902,41 +10913,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8526 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open " "hardware. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10946,7 +10957,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -10955,7 +10966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8561 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10966,7 +10977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -10978,7 +10989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -10987,7 +10998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -10999,7 +11010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11011,7 +11022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8605 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11024,7 +11035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8617 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11035,7 +11046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8626 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11046,7 +11057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping " @@ -11057,7 +11068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11066,7 +11077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8648 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11079,7 +11090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11091,7 +11102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11107,7 +11118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11119,7 +11130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11129,7 +11140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8701 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11143,7 +11154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11156,7 +11167,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11168,7 +11179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8734 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11183,12 +11194,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the " @@ -11196,29 +11207,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8760 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by " @@ -11227,7 +11238,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8777 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11242,7 +11253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11263,7 +11274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8810 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11277,7 +11288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11285,7 +11296,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8828 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11302,7 +11313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8844 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11313,7 +11324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8853 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11324,7 +11335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8862 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11340,7 +11351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8877 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11357,7 +11368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8893 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11377,7 +11388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8913 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11392,7 +11403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8926 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11405,7 +11416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11417,7 +11428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8947 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11432,7 +11443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11443,7 +11454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " "education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins " @@ -11454,12 +11465,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11467,24 +11478,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9004 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11496,7 +11507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9013 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11508,7 +11519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9023 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11520,7 +11531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9033 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11530,7 +11541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11540,12 +11551,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9055 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9048 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11558,7 +11569,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9058 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11579,7 +11590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11594,7 +11605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11605,12 +11616,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9109 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11623,7 +11634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9112 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11635,7 +11646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11648,7 +11659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11658,7 +11669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11667,7 +11678,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to " "work. With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing " @@ -11677,7 +11688,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9156 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11690,7 +11701,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9167 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11702,7 +11713,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9177 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11716,7 +11727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11734,7 +11745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9206 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11747,46 +11758,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9242 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the " @@ -11796,7 +11807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what " @@ -11804,7 +11815,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11820,7 +11831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11829,7 +11840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9279 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11840,7 +11851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9288 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11854,7 +11865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9300 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11877,7 +11888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9324 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11894,7 +11905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9340 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11908,14 +11919,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9364 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9352 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11936,7 +11947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11948,7 +11959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9381 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -11960,7 +11971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9392 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11972,7 +11983,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11981,7 +11992,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -11990,7 +12001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9414 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12000,12 +12011,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12013,33 +12024,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9444 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink " @@ -12048,7 +12059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open " "Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink " @@ -12057,7 +12068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12066,14 +12077,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9467 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the " "Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through " @@ -12086,56 +12097,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9485 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9489 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9492 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9505 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9509 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12145,7 +12156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12153,21 +12164,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12175,7 +12186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9536 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12185,14 +12196,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9543 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan " "Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12200,7 +12211,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12209,21 +12220,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9558 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared " "Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "eds. Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. " "Strandburg. <quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in " @@ -12231,91 +12242,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9580 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9601 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being " "Creative. New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink " @@ -12323,28 +12334,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12352,7 +12363,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12360,7 +12371,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12369,14 +12380,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9657 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12386,7 +12397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink " @@ -12395,7 +12406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12404,7 +12415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12412,7 +12423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12420,73 +12431,73 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing " "Economy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9727 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12494,21 +12505,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9740 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12518,7 +12529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink " @@ -12526,7 +12537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC " @@ -12534,19 +12545,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and " "Performance. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9770 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12556,7 +12567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12564,7 +12575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12574,7 +12585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter " @@ -12583,7 +12594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9796 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12632,7 +12643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9847 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " diff --git a/po/nb/mwcc.po b/po/nb/mwcc.po index 670831b..e7c9243 100644 --- a/po/nb/mwcc.po +++ b/po/nb/mwcc.po @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-07 20:09+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-02-07 19:47+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-01-30 17:39-0600\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2019-01-28 22:09+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen <pere-weblate@hungry.com>\n" "Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/" "madewithcc/translation/nb_NO/>\n" @@ -58,15 +58,13 @@ msgstr "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>" -msgid "<publishername>Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas</publishername>" +msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>" msgstr "<publishername>Petter Reinholdtsen</publishername>" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23 -msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" -msgstr "" +msgid "Mexico City" +msgstr "Oslo" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 @@ -3916,6 +3914,14 @@ msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " +#| "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your " +#| "creative work. If people like your work, their natural instinct will be " +#| "to share it with others. But as David Bollier wrote, “Our natural human " +#| "impulses to imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been " +#| "criminalized.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -3924,12 +3930,13 @@ msgid "" "to imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been criminalized.</" "quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"Det er ikke bare det at begrenset tilgang til innhold hemmer ditt sosiale " -"oppdrag. Det kan også fremmedgjøre folk som setter mest pris på din kreative " -"innsats. Hvis folk liker verkene dine, så er det et naturlig instinkt å dele " -"det med andre. Som David Bollier endog skrev, <quote>våre naturlige " -"menneskelige impulser til å imitere og dele – essensen av hva kultur er – " -"har blitt kriminalisert</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Det er ikke bare det at begrenset innholdsadgang utelukker ditt sosiale " +"oppdrag. Det kan også fremmedgjøre folk som mest verdsetter din kreative " +"innsats. Hvis folk liker ditt arbeid, deler de instinktivt det naturligvis " +"av seg til, og med, andre. Som David Bollier endog skrev, <quote>våre " +"naturlige menneskelige impulser til å imitere og dele – essensen av hva " +"kultur er – har blitt kriminalisert</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903 @@ -3949,6 +3956,20 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1912 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you " +#| "can invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " +#| "playing a cat and mouse game with people who want to copy and share your " +#| "work. Lizzy Jongma from the Rijksmuseum said, “We could spend a lot of " +#| "money trying to protect works, but people are going to do it anyway. And " +#| "they will use bad-quality versions.” Instead, they started releasing high-" +#| "resolution digital copies of their collection into the public domain and " +#| "making them available for free on their website. For them, sharing was a " +#| "form of quality control over the copies that were inevitably being shared " +#| "online. Doing this meant forgoing the revenue they previously got from " +#| "selling digital images. But Lizzy says that was a small price to pay for " +#| "all of the opportunities that sharing unlocked for them." msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -3965,15 +3986,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Tar du for gitt en del kopiering og deling av arbeidet ditt, kan du " "investere tid og ressurser andre steder enn å leke katt-og-mus med folk som " -"vil kopiere og dele dine verk. <quote>Vi kan bruke mye penger på å prøve å " -"beskytte verkene, men folk kommer til å gjøre det likevel. Og de vil bruke " -"gjengivelser med dårlig kvalitet</quote>, sa Lizzy Jongma fra Rijksmuseum. I " -"stedet begynte de å utgi høyoppløselige digitale kopier fra sine samlinger i " -"det offentlige rom, gratis, fra sin hjemmeside. For dem var deling en form " -"for kvalitetskontroll av kopiene som uunngåelig ville blitt delt på nettet. " -"Å gjøre dette betød å gi avkall på inntektene fra tidligere tiders salg av " -"digitale bilder. Lizzy sier det var en liten pris å betale for alle " -"mulighetene deling brakte dem." +"vil kopiere og dele ditt innhold. Lizzy Jongma fra Rijksmuseum sa, <quote>vi " +"kan bruke mye penger på å prøve å beskytte verkene, men folk kommer til å " +"gjøre det likevel. Og de vil bruke gjengivelser med dårlig kvalitet</" +"quote>. I stedet startet de å utgi høyoppløselige digitale kopier fra sine " +"samlinger i det offentlige rom, gratis, fra sin hjemmeside. For dem var " +"deling en form for kvalitetskontroll av kopiene som uunngåelig ville blitt " +"delt på nettet. Å gjøre dette betød avkall på inntektene fra tidligere " +"tiders salg av digitale bilder. Lizzy sier det var en liten pris å betale " +"for alle mulighetene deling brakte dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 @@ -3982,6 +4003,15 @@ msgstr "Anderson, Free, 86." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1928 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " +#| "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " +#| "potentially abundant resource it is.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"0\"/> When you see information abundance as a feature, not a bug, you " +#| "start thinking about the ways to use the idling capacity of your content " +#| "to your advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric Steuer once said, " +#| "“Using CC licenses shows you get the Internet.”" msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -3993,14 +4023,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Å ha brukt Made with Creative Commons betyr at du slutter å tenke på måter å " "kunstig gjøre innholdet til et knapphetsgode, og i stedet utnytte det som " -"den potensielt overflodsressursen det er.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"den potensielt rikelige ressursen det er.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" "\"0\"/> Når du ser informasjonsoverflod som en funksjon, ikke en feil, " "begynner du å tenke på måter å bruke denne tomgangskapasiteten til din " "fordel. Som min venn og kollega Eric Steuer engang sa, <quote>å bruke CC-" -"lisenser viser at du har forstått Internett</quote>." +"lisenser viser at du har taket på Internett</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 +#, fuzzy msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." @@ -4043,6 +4074,17 @@ msgstr "Bruk CC for å finne et større publikum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " +#| "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the " +#| "work certainly can’t hurt the chances that your work will be shared. The " +#| "CC license symbolizes that sharing is welcome. It can act as a little tap " +#| "on the shoulder to those who come across the work—a nudge to copy the " +#| "work if they have any inkling of doing so. All things being equal, if one " +#| "piece of content has a sign that says Share and the other says Don’t " +#| "Share (which is what “©” means), which do you think people are more " +#| "likely to share?" msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -4055,14 +4097,13 @@ msgid "" "share?" msgstr "" "Å gi innholdet ditt Creative Commons-lisens, vil ikke automatisk gjøre at " -"det til landeplage, men eliminering av juridiske hindre for kopiering " -"svekker ikke sjansene for at arbeidet deles. CC-lisens symboliserer at " -"deling er ønsket. Den kan fungere som et lite klapp på skulderen til de som " -"kommer over arbeidet – et lite dytt til å kopiere arbeidet om de ønsker det. " -"Forutsatt at alt annet er likt, hvis ett stykke innhold har et skilt som " -"sier <quote>Del</quote> og det andre sier <quote>Ikke del</quote> (som er " -"det <quote>©</quote> betyr), hvilket tror du det er mest sannsynlig at folk " -"deler?" +"det til landeplage, men eliminering av juridiske kopihindre svekker ikke " +"sjansene for at arbeidet deles. CC-lisens symboliserer deling velkommen. Den " +"kan fungere som et lite klapp på skulderen til de som kommer over arbeidet – " +"et lite dytt til å kopiere arbeidet om de fornemmer det. Forutsatt at alt " +"annet er likt, hvis ett stykke innhold har et skilt som sier <quote>Del</" +"quote> og det andre sier <quote>Ikke del</quote> (som er det <quote>©</" +"quote> betyr), hvilket tror du det er mer sannsynlig at folk deler?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1971 @@ -4081,11 +4122,25 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 +#, fuzzy msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 123." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1980 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the " +#| "max strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According " +#| "to Google’s Eric Schmidt, the idea is simple: “Take whatever it is you " +#| "are doing and do it at the max in terms of distribution. The other way of " +#| "saying this is that since marginal cost of distribution is free, you " +#| "might as well put things everywhere.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"0\"/> This strategy is what often motivates companies to make their " +#| "products and services free (i.e., no cost), but the same logic applies to " +#| "making content freely shareable. Because CC-licensed content is free (as " +#| "in cost) and can be freely copied, CC licensing makes it even more " +#| "accessible and likely to spread." msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -4099,17 +4154,16 @@ msgid "" "cost) and can be freely copied, CC licensing makes it even more accessible " "and likely to spread." msgstr "" -"Idéen med at flere øyne som ser på gir større suksess, er en form for " -"maksimeringsstrategi, adoptert av Google og andre teknologiselskaper. Ifølge " -"Eric Schmidt, Google, er idéen enkel: <quote>Uansett hva du gjør, gjør det " -"med maksimal distribusjon. Den andre måten å si dette på er at når de " -"marginale distribusjonskostnadene er borte, kan du også legge ut ting " +"Ideen om at jo flere seende øyne, er i maksimaliseringsøyemed, er en form " +"for maksimumsstrategi, adoptert av Google og andre teknologiselskaper. " +"Ifølge Eric Schmidt, Google, er idéen enkel: <quote>Uansett hva du gjør, " +"gjør det med maksimal distribusjon. Den andre måten å si dette på er at når " +"de marginale distribusjonskostnadene er borte, kan du også legge ut ting " "overalt</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Denne strategien " "motiverer ofte selskaper til å gjøre sine produkter og tjenester gratis " -"tilgjengelig (dvs. uten kostnad), men den samme logikken gjelder for å dele " -"innhold fritt. Det at CC-lisensiert innhold er gratis og fritt kan deles, " -"gjør CC-lisensiering innholdet enda mer tilgjengelig, og mer sannsynlig for " -"å spre seg." +"(dvs. til ingen kostnad), men den samme logikken gjelder for å dele innhold " +"fritt. Fordi CC-lisensiert innhold er gratis og fritt kan deles, gjør CC-" +"lisensiering innholdet enda mer tilgjengelig, og sannsynligvis spredt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002 @@ -4147,14 +4201,19 @@ msgstr "Bruk av CC for å få henvisninger og anerkjennelse" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), " +#| "124. Surowiecki says, “The measure of success of laws and contracts is " +#| "how rarely they are invoked.”" msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " "rarely they are invoked.</quote>" msgstr "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " -"Surowiecki uttaler: <quote>Målestokken på hvor vellykket lover og kontrakter " -"er, er hvor sjelden de blir tatt i bruk og hentet frem.</quote>" +"Surowiecki uttaler: <quote>Målestokken på lover og kontrakters vellykkethet, " +"er sjeldenheten av deres anvendelse.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2014 @@ -4280,6 +4339,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100 +#, fuzzy msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 44." @@ -4363,6 +4423,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2138 +#, fuzzy msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "Osterwalder og Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." @@ -4392,6 +4453,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2151 +#, fuzzy msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 67." @@ -4403,11 +4465,13 @@ msgstr "Ibid., 58." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 +#, fuzzy msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 71." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2164 +#, fuzzy msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." @@ -4417,6 +4481,21 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2146 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " +#| "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People " +#| "often don’t care as much about things they don’t pay for, and as a result " +#| "they don’t think as much about how they consume them.”<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If even the tiny act of volition of paying one " +#| "penny for something changes our perception of that thing, then surely the " +#| "act of remixing it enhances our perception exponentially.<placeholder " +#| "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We know that people will pay more for " +#| "products they had a part in creating.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"2\"/> And we know that creating something, no matter what quality, " +#| "brings with it a type of creative satisfaction that can never be replaced " +#| "by consuming something created by someone else.<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -4431,18 +4510,18 @@ msgid "" "creative satisfaction that can never be replaced by consuming something " "created by someone else.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" msgstr "" -"Dette finnes en måte å motvirke mulige ulemper i overfloden av fritt " -"tilgjengelig og åpent innhold beskrevet ovenfor. Som Anderson skrev i Free, " -"<quote>Folk bryr seg ofte ikke så mye om ting de ikke betaler for, og som " -"resultat tenker de ikke så mye på hvordan de bruker dem</quote>.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Hvis selv den lille viljen iboende i å betale " -"ett øre for noe, endrer vår oppfatning derav, vil med sikkerhet det å " -"remikse, forbedre vår oppfatning eksponensielt.<placeholder type=\"footnote" -"\" id=\"1\"/> Vi vet at folk betaler mer for produkter de har hatt en rolle " -"i å lage.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Vi vet også at å skape " -"noe, uansett hvor bra det er, bringer med seg en slags kreativ tilfredshet " -"som ikke lar seg erstatte av å bruke noe laget av andre.<placeholder type=" -"\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" +"Dette finnes en måte å motvirke mulige ulemper i overfloden av gratis og " +"åpent innhold beskrevet ovenfor. Som Anderson skrev i Free, <quote>Folk bryr " +"seg ofte ikke så mye om ting de ikke betaler for, og som resultat tenker de " +"ikke så mye på hvordan de bruker dem</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> Hvis selv den lille viljen iboende i å betale ett øre for noe, " +"endrer vår oppfatning derav, vil med sikkerhet det å remikse forbedre vår " +"oppfatning eksponentielt.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Vi vet at " +"folk betaler mer for produkter de har hatt en rolle i å lage.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Vi vet også at å skape noe, uansett i hvilken " +"kapasitet, bringer med seg en slags kreativ tilfredshet som ikke lar seg " +"erstatte av å bruke noe laget av andre.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"3\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2177 @@ -4482,6 +4561,19 @@ msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2185 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating " +#| "under the rules of establishment players in the media. Business " +#| "strategies that are embedded in the traditional copyright system, like " +#| "using digital rights management (DRM) and signing exclusivity contracts, " +#| "can tie the hands of creators, often at the expense of the creator’s best " +#| "interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Being Made with " +#| "Creative Commons means you can function without those barriers and, in " +#| "many cases, use the increased openness as a competitive advantage. David " +#| "Harris from OpenStax said they specifically pursue strategies they know " +#| "that traditional publishers cannot. “Don’t go into a market and play by " +#| "the incumbent rules,” David said. “Change the rules of engagement.”" msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -4495,17 +4587,17 @@ msgid "" "<quote>Don’t go into a market and play by the incumbent rules,</quote> David " "said. <quote>Change the rules of engagement.</quote>" msgstr "" -"Å operere under et tradisjonelt opphavsrettsregime betyr vanligvis å følge " -"reglene til etablerte medieaktører. Forretningsstrategier som er innebygd i " -"det tradisjonelle opphavsrettssystemet, som bruken av digital " -"rettinghetshåndtering (DRM) og signering av eksklusivitetskontrakter, kan " -"låse skaperen fast, og ofte på bekostning av skaperens beste.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Laget med Creative Commons betyr at du kan " -"fungere uten disse hindrene, og i mange tilfeller bruke økt åpenhet som " -"konkurransefortrinn. David Harris fra OpenStax sa at de spesifikt fulgte " -"strategier de vet tradisjonelle utgivere ikke kan. <quote>Ikke gå inn i et " -"marked og følg de etablerte reglene</quote>, sa David. <quote>Endre reglene " -"når du går inn</quote>." +"Å operere under et tradisjonelt opphavsrettsregime betyr vanligvis reglene " +"til etablerte medieaktører. Forretningsstrategier innebygd i det " +"tradisjonelle opphavsrettssystemet, i bruk av digital rettinghetshåndtering " +"(DRM) og signering av eksklusivitetskontrakter, kan binde " +"innholdsleverandørers hender, ofte på bekostning av opphavets beste " +"interesse.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Laget med Creative " +"Commons betyr at du kan fungere uten disse barrierene, og i mange tilfeller " +"bruke økt åpenhet som konkurransefortrinn. David Harris fra OpenStax sa at " +"de spesielt forfulgte strategier de vet tradisjonelle utgivere ikke kan. " +"<quote>Ikke gå inn i et marked og lek med de etablerte reglene</quote>, sa " +"David. <quote>Reglene for engasjement må endres</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 @@ -4514,16 +4606,21 @@ msgstr "Å tjene penger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2214 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten " +#| "Nonprofit Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " +#| "2009, <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +#| "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " "2009, <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgstr "" -"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, og Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " -"Nonprofit Funding Models</quote>, Stanford Social Innovation Review, våren " -"2009, <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" -"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." +"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, og Barbara Christiansen, “Ten Nonprofit " +"Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009, <ulink url=" +"\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2206 @@ -4788,6 +4885,16 @@ msgstr "Ibid., 97." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2322 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The " +#| "trick is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized " +#| "services are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, “Commodity " +#| "information (everybody gets the same version) wants to be free. " +#| "Customized information (you get something unique and meaningful to you) " +#| "wants to be expensive.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This can " +#| "be anything from the artistic and cultural consulting services provided " +#| "by Ártica to the custom-song business of Jonathan “Song-A-Day” Mann." msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -4801,11 +4908,11 @@ msgstr "" "I denne informasjonsalderens overflod mangler vi ikke innhold. Trikset er å " "finne innhold som samsvarer med våre behov og ønsker, så tilpassede " "tjenester er spesielt verdifulle. Som Anderson skrev, <quote>Vareinformasjon " -"(alle får den samme versjonen) vil være fri. Tilpasset informasjon (du får " -"noe unikt og meningsfullt for deg) vil være kostbar</quote>.<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Dette kan være alt fra kunstneriske og " -"kulturelle rådgivingstjenester som tilbys av Ártica til det skreddersydde " -"sangtilbudet fra Jonathan <quote>En sang om dagen-fyren</quote>." +"(alle får den samme versjonen) ønsker å være fri. Tilpasset informasjon (du " +"får noe unikt og meningsfullt for deg) ønsker å være dyr</quote>." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Dette kan være alt fra " +"kunstneriske og kulturelle rådgivingstjenester som tilbys av Ártica til det " +"skreddersydde sangtilbudet fra Jonathan <quote>Song-A-Day</quote> Mann." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2337 @@ -6957,7 +7064,7 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 4. februar 2016" @@ -6973,19 +7080,19 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5475 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6916 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7744 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Paul Stacey" @@ -7537,13 +7644,13 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5777 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7228 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8762 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" @@ -8303,6 +8410,12 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes " +#| "five to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says " +#| "their goal is to grow their subscriber base. “This is our freedom,” he " +#| "told us, “and for artists, freedom is everything.”" msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -8492,15 +8605,24 @@ msgstr "" #| "massive cult following." msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " -"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " -"cult following." +"download, the" msgstr "" "Til sammen gir disse faktorene – den krasse tonen i spillet og selskapet, " "gratis nedlasting, åpenhet for fans til å remikse spillet – det som gir " "spillet solid kultstatus." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4026 +msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4029 +msgid "the game a massive cult following." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4032 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -8525,7 +8647,7 @@ msgstr "" "offisielt i mai 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -8537,7 +8659,13 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, sa han." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4051 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like " +#| "the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. " +#| "It is hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their website “Your " +#| "dumb questions.”" msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -8546,12 +8674,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Men denne fortellingen om en <quote>lykkelig tilfeldighet</quote> står i " "motsetning til markedsføringbegavelsen. Akkurat som spillet, er Cards " -"Against Humanity sitt kjennemerke respektløshet og verdt å huske. Det er " +"Against Humanity sitt kjennemerke er distanse og minneverdighet. Det er " "vanskelig å glemme en virksomhet som kaller sine ofte besvarte spørsmål på " -"hjemmesiden <quote>Dine dumme spørsmål</quote>." +"hjemmesiden sin <quote>Dine dumme spørsmål</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4057 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than " +#| "vulgarity and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black " +#| "Friday illustrate this particularly well. For those outside the United " +#| "States, Black Friday is the term for the day after the Thanksgiving " +#| "holiday, the biggest shopping day of the year. It is an incredibly " +#| "important day for Cards Against Humanity, like it is for all U.S. " +#| "retailers. Max said they struggled with what to do on Black Friday " +#| "because they didn’t want to support what he called the “orgy of " +#| "consumerism” the day has become, particularly since it follows a day that " +#| "is about being grateful for what you have. In 2013, after deliberating, " +#| "they decided to have an Everything Costs $5 More sale." msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -8565,30 +8706,41 @@ msgid "" "what you have. In 2013, after deliberating, they decided to have an " "Everything Costs $5 More sale." msgstr "" -"Som de fleste kvalitetssatirer er humoren mer enn vulgaritet og " +"Som de fleste kvalitetssatirer består vitsen av mer enn vulgaritet og " "sjokkeffekter. Selskapets markedsføring rundt Black Friday illustrerer dette " -"spesielt godt. For de som ikke holder til i USA, så er Black Friday " -"begrepet for årets største handledag, dagen etter helligdagen Thanksgiving. " -"Det er en utrolig viktig dag for Cards Against Humanity, slik den er det for " -"alle butikker i USA. Max sa at de strevde med hva de skulle gjøre med Black " -"Friday fordi de ikke ønsker å støtte <quote>forbruksorgien</quote> han sa at " +"spesielt godt. For dem utenfor USA er Black Friday begrepet for dagen etter " +"Thanksgiving-helligdagen, den største handledagen i året. Det er en utrolig " +"viktig dag for Cards Against Humanity, slik den er det for alle forhandlere " +"i USA. Max sa at de strevde med hva de skulle gjøre med Black Friday fordi " +"de ikke ønsker å støtte det han kalte <quote>forbruksorgien</quote>, som " "dagen er blitt til, spesielt siden den følger etter en dag som handler om å " "være takknemlig for hva du har. I 2013 besluttet de, etter rådslaging, å ha " "et <quote>alt koster 5 dollar mer</quote>-salg." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans " +#| "were going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went " +#| "with it. People totally caught the joke.”" msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " "laugh so we went with it. People totally caught the joke.</quote>" msgstr "" -"<quote>Vi var nervøse natten før Black Friday, og lurte på om våre fans " -"ville hate oss</quote>, sa han. <quote>Men ideen fikk oss til å le, så " -"gjennomførte forslaget. Og folk fikk helt klart med seg spøken</quote>." +"<quote>Vi svettet natten før Black Friday, og lurte på om våre fans ville " +"hate oss</quote>, sa han. <quote>Men det fikk oss til å le, så vi gikk ut " +"med det. Og folk oppfattet helt klart spøken</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4076 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, " +#| "it engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " +#| "capitalism is just be honest with people,” Max said. “It shocks people " +#| "that there is transparency about what you are doing.”" msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -8597,11 +8749,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Denne typen modig åpenhet gleder media, men enda viktigere, det engasjerer " "fansen. <quote>En av de mest overraskende tingene du kan gjøre i " -"kapitalismen er å bare være ærlig med folk</quote>, sa Max. <quote>Det " -"sjokkerer folk at det er åpenhet om det du gjør</quote>." +"kapitalismen er bare å være ærlig med folk</quote>, sa Max. <quote>Det " +"sjokkerer folk at det er åpenhet om hva du gjør</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4083 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -8617,7 +8769,19 @@ msgstr "" "spøken morsommere ved å gjøre den vellykket. De fikk inn $70,000 på én dag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4091 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " +#| "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " +#| "customers to reuse and remix your work requires a leap of faith. Cards " +#| "Against Humanity obviously isn’t afraid of doing the unexpected, but " +#| "there are lines even they do not want to cross. Before applying the " +#| "license, Max said they worried that some fans would adapt the game to " +#| "include all of the jokes they intentionally never made because they " +#| "crossed that line. “It happened, and the world didn’t end,” Max said. “If " +#| "that is the worst cost of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times over " +#| "because there are so many benefits.”" msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -8630,19 +8794,19 @@ msgid "" "that is the worst cost of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times over " "because there are so many benefits.</quote>" msgstr "" -"Denne bemerkelsesverdige tilliten de har til sine kunder var det som " +"Denne bemerkelsesverdige tilliten de har hos sine kunder var det som " "inspirerte beslutningen deres om å bruke en Creative Commons-lisens til " "spillet. Å tiltro kundene dine gjenbruk og remiksing av arbeidet ditt krever " "en porsjon tæl. Cards Against Humanity er åpenbart ikke redd for å gjøre det " -"uventede, men det finnes grenser selv de ikke ønsker å krysse. Før de tok i " -"bruk lisensen, forteller Max at de var bekymret for at noen fans ville endre " -"spillet til å inkludere alle vitsen de bevisst ikke tok med fordi de var " -"over streken. <quote>Det skjedde, og verden gikk ikke under</quote>, sa " -"Max. <quote>Hvis det er den verste prisen å betale ved å bruke CC, ville " -"jeg betalt dét hundre ganger, fordi det er så mange fordeler</quote>." +"uventede, men det finnes grenser selv ikke de ønsker å krysse. Før de brukte " +"lisensen, sier Max de var bekymret for at noen fans ville tilpasse spillet " +"til å inkludere alle vitser de forsettlig aldri laget fordi de gikk over den " +"linjen. <quote>Det skjedde, og verden gikk ikke under</quote>, sa Max. " +"<quote>Hvis det er den verste kostnaden ved å bruke CC, ville jeg betalt dét " +"hundre ganger, fordi det er så mange fordeler</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4104 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -8657,20 +8821,38 @@ msgstr "" "laget. I dag finnes det tusenvis av utvidelser fra tilhengere av spillet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4112 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " +#| "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to " +#| "the unbelievable situation where we are one of the best-marketed games in " +#| "the world, and we have never spent a dime on marketing.”" msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " "unbelievable situation where we are one of the best-marketed games in the " "world, and we have never spent a dime on marketing.</quote>" msgstr "" -"Max sa, <quote>CC var et åpenbart valg for oss fordi det får flest folk " -"involvert. Å gjøre spillet gratis og tilgjengelig med en CC-lisens førte til " -"den utrolige situasjonen der vi er en av de best markedsført spillene i " -"verden, og vi har aldri brukt en krone på markedsføring</quote>." +"Max sa, <quote>CC var lett for oss fordi det får mest folk involvert. Å " +"gjøre spillet gratis og tilgjengelig med en CC-lisens ledet til den utrolige " +"situasjonen der vi er en av de best markedsført spillene i verden, og vi har " +"aldri brukt en krone på markedsføring</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4119 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to " +#| "do with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike " +#| "license because it restricts people from using the game to make money. It " +#| "also requires that adaptations of the game be made available under the " +#| "same licensing terms if they are shared publicly. Cards Against Humanity " +#| "also polices its brand. “We feel like we’re the only ones who can use our " +#| "brand and our game and make money off of it,” Max said. About 99.9 " +#| "percent of the time, they just send an email to those making commercial " +#| "use of the game, and that is the end of it. There have only been a " +#| "handful of instances where they had to get a lawyer involved." msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -8683,19 +8865,19 @@ msgid "" "of the game, and that is the end of it. There have only been a handful of " "instances where they had to get a lawyer involved." msgstr "" -"Det er selvfølgelig grenser for hva firmaet tillater sine kunder å gjøre med " +"Selvfølgelig er det grenser for hva firmaet tillater sine kunder å gjøre med " "spillet. De valgte Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike-lisensen fordi den " -"nekter folk fra å bruke spillet til å tjene penger. Det krever også at " +"begrenser folk fra å bruke spillet til å tjene penger. Det krever også at " "tilpasninger av spillet gjøres tilgjengelig med de samme lisensvilkårene " -"hvis de deles offentlig. Cards Against Humanity passer også på sitt " -"varemerke. <quote>Vi mener at vi er de eneste som kan bruke vårt varemerke " -"og vårt spill til å tjene penger</quote>, sa Max. Rundt 99,9 prosent av " -"gangene holder det at sender en e-post til dem som utnytter spillet " -"kommersielt for å få slutt på det. Det har bare vært en håndfull tilfeller " -"der de har måttet hyre advokat." +"hvis de deles offentlig. Cards Against Humanity passer også på sin " +"merkevare. <quote>Vi føler at vi er de eneste som kan bruke vår merkevare og " +"vårt spill til å tjene penger</quote>, sa Max. Rundt 99,9 prosent av tiden " +"sender de bare en e-post til dem som bruker spillet kommersielt, og det er " +"slutten på det. Det har bare vært en håndfull tilfeller der de har måttet " +"hyre advokat." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4133 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " @@ -8724,7 +8906,7 @@ msgstr "" "skrive dem, men det er faktisk mye arbeid og ordkløveri</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4144 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -8745,7 +8927,7 @@ msgstr "" "lager sine egne tilpasninger til spillet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4155 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " @@ -8767,7 +8949,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, sa han." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4162 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities " @@ -8792,7 +8974,7 @@ msgstr "" "kanaliserer noe av spenningen i spillet inn i det</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4171 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -8808,7 +8990,7 @@ msgstr "" "penger fra kunder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” " @@ -8827,12 +9009,12 @@ msgstr "" "verdier, og hvem du er og hvorfor du lager ting</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4186 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "The Conversation" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -8843,12 +9025,12 @@ msgstr "" "2011 i Australia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4194 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4196 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -8859,14 +9041,14 @@ msgstr "" "fakulteter som forfattere), donasjonsfinansiering" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4203 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4211 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -8883,7 +9065,7 @@ msgstr "" "journalistikk. Andrew forpliktet seg til å koke opp en alternativ modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -8898,7 +9080,7 @@ msgstr "" "på det spekulative." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4228 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -8936,7 +9118,7 @@ msgstr "" "presentere sin kompetanse til det bredere publlikum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4249 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -8961,7 +9143,7 @@ msgstr "" "velger sitater, og skriver hva enn de måtte ønske." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4262 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -8984,7 +9166,7 @@ msgstr "" "publiseres i Conversation lisensieres åpent med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4275 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -9003,12 +9185,12 @@ msgstr "" "deres er enkel: Å gi leserne en pålitelig kilde til bevisbasert informasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4288 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -9038,7 +9220,7 @@ msgstr "" "nytt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4301 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -9061,7 +9243,7 @@ msgstr "" "Conversation gjør." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -9077,7 +9259,7 @@ msgstr "" "News." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -9095,7 +9277,7 @@ msgstr "" "foretagende." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4330 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -9114,7 +9296,7 @@ msgstr "" "universitetsforskere fra enda flere deler av verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4340 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -9132,7 +9314,7 @@ msgstr "" "dekning og funksjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4349 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " @@ -9154,7 +9336,7 @@ msgstr "" "med plass i det redaksjonelle rådgivende styre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4357 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -9173,7 +9355,7 @@ msgstr "" "lesere per artikkel." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4367 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -9189,7 +9371,7 @@ msgstr "" "et selskap om et emne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -9200,7 +9382,7 @@ msgstr "" "vise at de er verdifulle." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4380 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " @@ -9223,12 +9405,12 @@ msgstr "" "operasjonelle inntekter samtidig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4389 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "Cory Doctorow" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4392 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." @@ -9237,7 +9419,7 @@ msgstr "" "journalist med base i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4395 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" @@ -9246,7 +9428,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" @@ -9255,13 +9437,13 @@ msgstr "" "kopier (boksalg), betal-hva-du-vil, salg av rettigheter til bokoversettelser" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4402 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 12. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4410 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he " @@ -9287,7 +9469,7 @@ msgstr "" "jeg vet hvordan skal gjøres</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -9297,7 +9479,7 @@ msgstr "" "ting folk tilfeldigvis liker, for så å ikke være i veien når de deler det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4424 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -9317,7 +9499,7 @@ msgstr "" "seg et levebrød i Internett-alderen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -9328,7 +9510,7 @@ msgstr "" "modeller for sitt arbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " @@ -9375,7 +9557,7 @@ msgstr "" "folk til å like det jeg gjør, ville bli borte</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4457 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " @@ -9414,7 +9596,7 @@ msgstr "" "selv frisk</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4471 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " @@ -9443,7 +9625,7 @@ msgstr "" "verdensbilde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4481 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his " @@ -9472,7 +9654,7 @@ msgstr "" "dem tyver</quote>, sa han." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4491 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At " @@ -9509,7 +9691,7 @@ msgstr "" "beregnet for spredning</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4504 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -9524,7 +9706,7 @@ msgstr "" "sier de at det er som følge av hans etablerte forfatterskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent " @@ -9547,7 +9729,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4520 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " @@ -9590,7 +9772,7 @@ msgstr "" "hjelp jeg kan få</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4535 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -9617,7 +9799,7 @@ msgstr "" "finnes uprofesjonelle oversettelser tilgjengelig gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4550 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his " @@ -9656,7 +9838,7 @@ msgstr "" "mulig at jeg vil få noe tilbake</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4565 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " @@ -9687,7 +9869,7 @@ msgstr "" "å gi deg nøkkelen, er den ikke der i hensikt å gagne deg</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4576 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " @@ -9718,7 +9900,7 @@ msgstr "" "ønsker å ta kontrollen over hans arbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4587 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -9739,7 +9921,7 @@ msgstr "" "eget betal-hva-du-vil -eksperiment ut i livet snart." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4598 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected " @@ -9771,7 +9953,7 @@ msgstr "" "kontakten med dem som har blitt rørt av ditt arbeid</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4610 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does " @@ -9794,17 +9976,17 @@ msgstr "" "sinn og hender</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4618 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "Det har aldri vært lettere å rette tankene i løvetannens baner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "Figshare" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -9816,12 +9998,12 @@ msgstr "" "i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4633 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" @@ -9830,19 +10012,19 @@ msgstr "" "betalte tjenester til innholdsleverandører" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4636 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 28. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4639 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4647 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -9863,7 +10045,7 @@ msgstr "" "vitenskapelig disiplinpublisering ikke tillater." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -9874,7 +10056,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortjeneste, være å stole på? Svarene har utviklet seg over tid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -9892,7 +10074,7 @@ msgstr "" "hans karrière." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4672 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -9905,7 +10087,7 @@ msgstr "" "dele det med alle. Dernest begynte han å arbeide med en løsning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -9916,7 +10098,7 @@ msgstr "" "originalobjektet for å sikre at forskningen kan siteres på lang sikt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4685 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -9933,7 +10115,7 @@ msgstr "" "DataCite for å tilby DOI-er for forskningsdata." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4694 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -9948,7 +10130,7 @@ msgstr "" "BY (Attribution) for figurer, videoer og datasett." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4702 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -9961,7 +10143,7 @@ msgstr "" "han åpnet det opp for dem også." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4708 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -9977,7 +10159,7 @@ msgstr "" "kan også brukes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4716 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -9994,7 +10176,7 @@ msgstr "" "betaler for premiumfordeler, funksjonalitet eller virtuelle eiendeler.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4723 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " @@ -10026,7 +10208,7 @@ msgstr "" "Vi sikrer bare at det varer</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4735 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -10045,7 +10227,7 @@ msgstr "" "gi dem denne funksjonaliteten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4745 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " @@ -10067,10 +10249,7 @@ msgid "" "this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data " "also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-" "through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and " -"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide " -"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and " -"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons " -"licenses for the data." +"researchers. Figshare now provides" msgstr "" "Figshare utvidet sin forretningmodell til å omfatte tjenester for " "tidsskrifter. Figshare begynte å leie ut plass til store datamengder til " @@ -10085,7 +10264,15 @@ msgstr "" "overbevist dem om å bruke Creative Commons-lisenser for dataene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4756 +msgid "" +"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " +"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " +"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -10104,7 +10291,7 @@ msgstr "" "og lagt til tjenester for institusjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4772 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -10123,7 +10310,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotekarer og administratorer, samt av forskerne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4782 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -10147,7 +10334,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Attribution-NoDerivs)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4795 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -10166,7 +10353,7 @@ msgstr "" "noen negative konsekvenser, bestemte han seg å følge etter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -10182,7 +10369,7 @@ msgstr "" "flere forskere og institusjoner vil gjøre den til sin valgte lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4818 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" @@ -10191,7 +10378,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4821 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" @@ -10200,7 +10387,7 @@ msgstr "" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -10223,7 +10410,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -10245,12 +10432,12 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons-lisenser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4839 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4835 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -10273,7 +10460,7 @@ msgstr "" "Figshare nå brukes av allmenningen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -10288,7 +10475,7 @@ msgstr "" "bruken av Figshare av andre, inkludert Wikipedia og nyhetskilder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4854 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -10314,12 +10501,12 @@ msgstr "" "stand til å samarbeide og gjøre nye funn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "Figure.NZ" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -10329,12 +10516,12 @@ msgstr "" "dataplattform myntet på å gjøre data gjenbrukbar og enkel å forstå seg på." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" @@ -10343,19 +10530,19 @@ msgstr "" "betalte tjenester til skapere, bidragsytere, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4882 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 3. mai 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4893 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" @@ -10364,7 +10551,7 @@ msgstr "" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4892 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -10402,7 +10589,7 @@ msgstr "" "med spesielt fokus på New Zealand." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " @@ -10433,7 +10620,7 @@ msgstr "" "data og forskning du ofte må betale for." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4922 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -10458,7 +10645,7 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester til dem som ønsker å åpne sine data, og presentere dem visuelt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4936 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -10489,7 +10676,7 @@ msgstr "" "lenge de henviser til den opprinnelige kilden og Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" @@ -10498,7 +10685,7 @@ msgstr "" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4953 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -10529,7 +10716,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons-lisensiert, noe som passer fint til Figure.NZs beslutning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4969 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -10554,7 +10741,7 @@ msgstr "" "vokter og pålitelig kilde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -10589,7 +10776,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjøre seg forskjellig, og knytte sin merkevare til det hele." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5001 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -10602,7 +10789,7 @@ msgstr "" "få verdi fra dataene og de visuelle fremstillingene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5007 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -10631,7 +10818,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettsted gratis for alle brukere, og virkelig demokratisere data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5023 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often " @@ -10668,12 +10855,12 @@ msgstr "" "har blitt gjort før." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -10689,12 +10876,12 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5045 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -10707,7 +10894,7 @@ msgstr "" "innvirkning på hva som tas med eller ekskluderes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5051 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -10720,7 +10907,7 @@ msgstr "" "skattefritatt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5057 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -10743,7 +10930,7 @@ msgstr "" "eksterne tilknytninger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5069 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -10762,7 +10949,7 @@ msgstr "" "opplevelser, ikke brukermanualer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5079 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -10787,7 +10974,7 @@ msgstr "" "tolke data om emnene de er interessert i." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well " @@ -10813,7 +11000,7 @@ msgstr "" "vegne av andre, om det så var på vegne av et land eller selskaper.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5103 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " @@ -10830,7 +11017,7 @@ msgstr "" "informasjon</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5109 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions " @@ -10846,7 +11033,7 @@ msgstr "" "ikke tall som en del av vår tenkning og forståelse ennå</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5115 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. " @@ -10878,7 +11065,7 @@ msgstr "" "kan analysere og tenke med tall</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5126 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " @@ -10897,7 +11084,7 @@ msgstr "" "se på Figure.NZ er titusenvis av grafer, kart og data</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " @@ -10925,7 +11112,7 @@ msgstr "" "fremtiden</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " @@ -10945,7 +11132,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjernen som gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " @@ -10965,12 +11152,12 @@ msgstr "" "kjernen som gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5156 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -10981,12 +11168,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt 2012 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5163 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" @@ -10995,20 +11182,20 @@ msgstr "" "(spesialisert)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " @@ -11052,7 +11239,7 @@ msgstr "" "Innovation Award-pris for innovasjon i utdanning i 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5193 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " @@ -11071,7 +11258,7 @@ msgstr "" "både å beskytte innhold på nettet, og fordele det gratis for brukere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5200 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -11084,7 +11271,7 @@ msgstr "" "ned." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5206 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -11116,7 +11303,7 @@ msgstr "" "for det trykte formatet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the " @@ -11141,7 +11328,7 @@ msgstr "" "en iskrem sundae." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -11158,7 +11345,7 @@ msgstr "" "boken - kjeksisen eller iskuler med pynt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " @@ -11180,7 +11367,7 @@ msgstr "" "åpen tilgangs-versjon av bøker utgitt med en Creative Commons-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -11201,7 +11388,7 @@ msgstr "" "profit samfunnsforetak) i 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -11210,7 +11397,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched: Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5267 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -11219,7 +11406,7 @@ msgstr "" "bare via Knowlegde Unlatched." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -11228,7 +11415,7 @@ msgstr "" "samlinger (slik de gjør fra bibliotekleverandører i dag)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5279 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -11237,7 +11424,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjøpes spesifiseres og prisene angis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -11250,7 +11437,7 @@ msgstr "" "dekket Title Fee-gebyret." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5294 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -11261,12 +11448,12 @@ msgstr "" "beløpet som er den summen som er innbetalt fra bibliotekene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5304 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -11279,7 +11466,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -11297,7 +11484,7 @@ msgstr "" "på utgiftene, og pr. bok kom de ned i under 43 dollar pr. bok." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5320 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" @@ -11306,7 +11493,7 @@ msgstr "" "availability-1/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -11329,7 +11516,7 @@ msgstr "" "(royalty) for salg av fysiske kopier." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5330 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -11350,7 +11537,7 @@ msgstr "" "deltar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5342 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -11378,7 +11565,7 @@ msgstr "" "og til sist, unnfanging." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5357 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -11389,7 +11576,7 @@ msgstr "" "passe inn i kjøpssykluser, budsjettrunder, og bibliotekkomiteers møter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -11407,7 +11594,7 @@ msgstr "" "fått enda flere biblioteker med i laget." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -11418,7 +11605,7 @@ msgstr "" "også, med fri tilgang på alt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5378 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -11429,7 +11616,7 @@ msgstr "" "lukkede standard publiseringsmodellenen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5384 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -11448,14 +11635,14 @@ msgstr "" "13 av dem, i andre runde gikk det ikke mer enn en måned for å få 26." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5394 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -11476,7 +11663,7 @@ msgstr "" "ved å delta.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -11496,7 +11683,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitale versjonen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -11512,7 +11699,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotekene, men for hele verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -11535,7 +11722,7 @@ msgstr "" "førsterunden lastet ned nesten åtti tusen ganger i 175 land." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5436 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -11544,7 +11731,7 @@ msgstr "" "for monografier en vinn-vinn-situasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -11565,7 +11752,7 @@ msgstr "" "frikjøp av tidsskifter og eldre bøker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -11586,12 +11773,12 @@ msgstr "" "snarere enn en revolusjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "Lumen Learning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -11601,12 +11788,12 @@ msgstr "" "educational resources). Grunnlagt 2013 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5473 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" @@ -11615,13 +11802,13 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester, gi finansiering" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 21. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" @@ -11630,12 +11817,12 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5487 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -11678,7 +11865,7 @@ msgstr "" "opprette Lumen Learning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5510 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -11697,7 +11884,7 @@ msgstr "" "donasjonen skal brukes, er det ofte ikke mye fleksibilitet til å gjøre det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -11715,7 +11902,7 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraftig utvikling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -11730,7 +11917,7 @@ msgstr "" "frie bruk og gjenbruk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5537 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -11756,12 +11943,12 @@ msgstr "" "universiteter –" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "å erstatte dyre lærebøker i kurs med mange påmeldinger med OER;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5559 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -11771,7 +11958,7 @@ msgstr "" "læringshåndtering;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5566 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -11780,7 +11967,7 @@ msgstr "" "utholdenhet, og kursfullførelse; og" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5572 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -11789,7 +11976,7 @@ msgstr "" "basert på kunnskap om studentens studiefremgang." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -11804,7 +11991,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -11819,7 +12006,7 @@ msgstr "" "dollar pr. deltagende student." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5594 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -11833,7 +12020,7 @@ msgstr "" "dollar pr. deltagende student." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -11850,7 +12037,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre dyre ressurser med OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -11881,7 +12068,7 @@ msgstr "" "i samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -11901,7 +12088,7 @@ msgstr "" "den beste OER de kan finne i så henseende, som fakultetet så etterser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -11922,7 +12109,7 @@ msgstr "" "Lumens innhold blir gitt en henvisning – Attribusjon (CC BY)-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -11937,7 +12124,7 @@ msgstr "" "forskjellig OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -11958,7 +12145,7 @@ msgstr "" "henvisninger som metadata, for å få det til å vises på slutten av hver side." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -11973,7 +12160,7 @@ msgstr "" "antall generelle henvendelser Lumens salgskapasitet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -11996,7 +12183,7 @@ msgstr "" "størst antall elever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5689 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -12015,7 +12202,7 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraften i Lumen beholdes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5699 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -12034,7 +12221,7 @@ msgstr "" "nytte av, og bidrar til dette åpne samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -12051,7 +12238,7 @@ msgstr "" "og med gir tilbake generøst." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -12071,7 +12258,7 @@ msgstr "" "utvikling og forbedring av den OER-en de bruker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -12088,7 +12275,7 @@ msgstr "" "alle disse faktorene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5738 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -12101,7 +12288,7 @@ msgstr "" "er forståelig, og som kan gjentas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5744 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -12122,7 +12309,7 @@ msgstr "" "erstatte donasjoner med inntekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -12140,12 +12327,12 @@ msgstr "" "vite hvor du står, og ikke vike tilbake. Det er et spørsmål om tillit." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "Jonathan Mann" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." @@ -12154,7 +12341,7 @@ msgstr "" "Day</quote>-fyren. Han holder til i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" @@ -12163,7 +12350,7 @@ msgstr "" "bandcamp.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -12174,13 +12361,13 @@ msgstr "" "for personlige versjoner (inntekter fra foredrag og musikalske opptredener)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 22. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5789 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -12203,7 +12390,7 @@ msgstr "" "konferansens sesjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -12223,7 +12410,7 @@ msgstr "" "erfaringen ga ham oppslag i Time magazine." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5812 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -12236,7 +12423,7 @@ msgstr "" "låtskriving, og han er viden kjent som <quote>en-sang-om-dagen-fyren</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -12255,7 +12442,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettet enn bare lyttet til lydfiler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5829 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -12284,7 +12471,7 @@ msgstr "" "han seg, og får noen andre til å legge ut sangen for ham." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -12301,7 +12488,7 @@ msgstr "" "sanger for dem. I dag tjener han mesteparten av pengene sine på den måten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -12318,7 +12505,7 @@ msgstr "" "finansierte produksjonen av denne boken." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -12335,7 +12522,7 @@ msgstr "" "kunne deles.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5872 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " @@ -12364,7 +12551,7 @@ msgstr "" "undergravd det</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5882 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -12379,7 +12566,7 @@ msgstr "" "ingenting av dette</quote>, sa Jonathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " @@ -12407,7 +12594,7 @@ msgstr "" "å skrive egendefinerte sanger for klienter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5899 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -12429,7 +12616,7 @@ msgstr "" "tekniske begreper til noe forståelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5911 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send " @@ -12452,11 +12639,8 @@ msgid "" "thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then " "he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process " "really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his " -"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being " -"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should " -"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he " -"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy " -"getting lost in that process.</quote>" +"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged " +"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about" msgstr "" "Når han har fått i oppdrag å skrive en sang for en klient, ber han dem først " "om å sende en liste med samtalepunkter og annen informasjon som de ønsker å " @@ -12472,7 +12656,15 @@ msgstr "" "meg i den prosessen</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 +msgid "" +"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find " +"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that " +"process.</quote>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5929 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -12485,7 +12677,7 @@ msgstr "" "funnet en måte å holde det interessant for seg selv." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5936 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but " @@ -12520,7 +12712,7 @@ msgstr "" "stedet for å etterligne andres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5948 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -12538,7 +12730,7 @@ msgstr "" "prinsippene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5957 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -12553,7 +12745,7 @@ msgstr "" "bli bedre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -12568,7 +12760,7 @@ msgstr "" "av Steve Jobs, sier han at aldri føler seg virkelig vellykket." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -12579,12 +12771,12 @@ msgstr "" "vil så mye av det vedkommende driver med være borte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "Noun-prosjektet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -12595,12 +12787,12 @@ msgstr "" "USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5986 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" @@ -12609,13 +12801,13 @@ msgstr "" "transaksjonsgebyr, betaling for tilpassede tjenester" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 6. oktober 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" @@ -12623,7 +12815,7 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -12634,7 +12826,7 @@ msgstr "" "grenser, språk og kulturer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6007 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -12651,7 +12843,7 @@ msgstr "" "for hvert enkelt objekt eller begrep i verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6015 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -12666,7 +12858,7 @@ msgstr "" "hjelpe dem som var i lignende situasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -12682,7 +12874,7 @@ msgstr "" "frivillige designere over hele verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6034 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" @@ -12691,7 +12883,7 @@ msgstr "" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6031 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -12711,7 +12903,7 @@ msgstr "" "større." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " @@ -12734,7 +12926,7 @@ msgstr "" "verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6048 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -12751,7 +12943,7 @@ msgstr "" "fellesskap av designere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6057 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -12764,7 +12956,7 @@ msgstr "" "forretningsmodell rundt gratis innhold." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6064 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -12789,7 +12981,7 @@ msgstr "" "ut i det offentlige rom." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have " @@ -12820,7 +13012,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6089 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -12835,7 +13027,7 @@ msgstr "" "spennende for de fleste designere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6096 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -12862,7 +13054,7 @@ msgstr "" "skapere, og bra for plattformen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6110 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface " @@ -12899,7 +13091,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjøp av en API Pro-versjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6124 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -12910,7 +13102,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosjektet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -12932,15 +13124,15 @@ msgstr "" "brukeren." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6131 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6213 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6140 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -12952,7 +13144,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette overfor innholdsleverandørene da tillitsbygging har høyeste prioritet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6145 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -12966,7 +13158,7 @@ msgstr "" "betale husleien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -12992,7 +13184,7 @@ msgstr "" "abonnerer på NounPro, kan du åpne Noun-prosjektet direkte fra Lingo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -13006,7 +13198,7 @@ msgstr "" "lærere og andre som trenger å kommunisere ideer visuelt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6173 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " @@ -13024,7 +13216,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre som tilbyr grafikk, ikoner eller utklipp." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6179 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -13042,7 +13234,7 @@ msgstr "" "penger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -13055,7 +13247,7 @@ msgstr "" "troverdighet. CC kommer med et innebygd fellesskap med brukere og tilhengere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " @@ -13083,7 +13275,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsette å gi det næring</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6205 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -13096,7 +13288,7 @@ msgstr "" "Brukerne kan også søke i ikonene etter designerens navn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -13116,7 +13308,7 @@ msgstr "" "brukes gratis av alle." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -13134,12 +13326,12 @@ msgstr "" "integrere Creative Commons i modellen har vært nøkkelen til å nå dette målet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "Open Data-instituttet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -13150,12 +13342,12 @@ msgstr "" "2012 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6240 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" @@ -13164,12 +13356,12 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig finansiering, betaling for tilpassede tjenester, donasjoner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 11. november 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6248 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" @@ -13178,7 +13370,7 @@ msgstr "" "direktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -13197,7 +13389,7 @@ msgstr "" "å hjelpe folk rundt i verden å innovere med data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6266 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -13220,7 +13412,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å forbedre sine liv ved å bedre forstå hva som skjer rundt dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -13235,7 +13427,7 @@ msgstr "" "og åpne-data-initiativer.) Den fortsetter med å si at ODI vil –" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -13244,19 +13436,19 @@ msgstr "" "åpen data-politikk berører dette;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "utvikle eksempler på de økonomiske fordelene – og forretningsmodeller for " "åpne data;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "hjelpe britiske bedrifter å bruke åpne data; og" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" @@ -13265,7 +13457,7 @@ msgstr "" "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13274,7 +13466,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " @@ -13301,7 +13493,7 @@ msgstr "" "inntekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6320 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -13316,7 +13508,7 @@ msgstr "" "millioner investering fra Omidyar Network." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -13331,7 +13523,7 @@ msgstr "" "ansatte." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6335 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -13347,7 +13539,7 @@ msgstr "" "markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6343 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -13356,12 +13548,12 @@ msgstr "" "og rådgivning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6358 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -13387,7 +13579,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6361 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -13412,7 +13604,7 @@ msgstr "" "slik at de kan delta som en form for faglig utvikling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -13429,7 +13621,7 @@ msgstr "" "tendens til å generere stor interesse og engasjement." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6384 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -13444,7 +13636,7 @@ msgstr "" "det fire tematiske spor og over 750 deltakere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -13461,14 +13653,14 @@ msgstr "" "organisasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6401 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" "I kommersiell forstand syntes følgende verdistandpunkter å gi gjenklang:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6407 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -13479,7 +13671,7 @@ msgstr "" "også åpner opp sine egne data. Store data er et hett tema." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6415 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -13494,7 +13686,7 @@ msgstr "" "organisatorisk uavhengighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6424 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -13507,7 +13699,7 @@ msgstr "" "effektivitet og muligheter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6433 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -13524,7 +13716,7 @@ msgstr "" "til behovet om å sette opp internasjonale ODI-<quote>avleggere</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6442 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -13545,7 +13737,7 @@ msgstr "" "liten avgift for å være en del av nettverket, og bruke varemerket." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" @@ -13554,7 +13746,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6454 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -13566,7 +13758,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6460 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -13584,12 +13776,12 @@ msgstr "" "som skjer ansikt til ansikt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6474 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6469 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -13606,7 +13798,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -13619,7 +13811,7 @@ msgstr "" "utplasseringen av åpne data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6483 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -13632,7 +13824,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisenser</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6490 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " @@ -13682,7 +13874,7 @@ msgstr "" "penger</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6508 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -13693,7 +13885,7 @@ msgstr "" "leveranse. Her er noen beregninger fra 27. April 2016:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6516 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -13706,17 +13898,17 @@ msgstr "" "millioner (pund)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Antall aktive medlemmer og noder over hele verden: 1350" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "Totalt salg siden ODI startet: £ 7.44 millioner (pund)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" @@ -13725,17 +13917,17 @@ msgstr "" "2,2 millioner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6541 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "Totalt antall åpne datasertifikater opprettet: 151 000" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13744,12 +13936,12 @@ msgstr "" "080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -13760,13 +13952,13 @@ msgstr "" "virkeliggjør designene. Grunnlagt i 2014 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" @@ -13775,12 +13967,12 @@ msgstr "" "transaksjonsgebyr" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjudato</emphasis>: 4. november 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6570 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" @@ -13789,7 +13981,7 @@ msgstr "" "Steiner, medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6578 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -13802,7 +13994,7 @@ msgstr "" "produsentene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6584 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -13833,7 +14025,7 @@ msgstr "" "og Opendesk, et kommersielt selskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6601 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -13847,7 +14039,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsatt langt unna." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -13869,7 +14061,7 @@ msgstr "" "avgjorde å bruke Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6619 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -13884,7 +14076,7 @@ msgstr "" "en forretningsmodell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -13895,7 +14087,7 @@ msgstr "" "på forretningsmodellen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6631 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -13910,12 +14102,12 @@ msgstr "" "selv bestemme seg for hvor åpen eller lukket de ønsker å være." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -13928,7 +14120,7 @@ msgstr "" "profilere designere.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -13941,7 +14133,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution-NonCommercial-lisensen (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -13960,12 +14152,12 @@ msgstr "" "spesifikasjonene i designfilen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6670 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -13986,7 +14178,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -13997,7 +14189,7 @@ msgstr "" "Opendesks nettsted:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -14006,7 +14198,7 @@ msgstr "" "betaler de:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -14017,7 +14209,7 @@ msgstr "" "monteringskostnader)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" @@ -14026,7 +14218,7 @@ msgstr "" "hver gang designet deres brukes)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6697 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -14037,7 +14229,7 @@ msgstr "" "markedsplassen vår)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -14050,7 +14242,7 @@ msgstr "" "og markedsføringsavgifter for den kanalen det gjelder)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6713 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -14060,7 +14252,7 @@ msgstr "" "leveringen)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6720 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -14073,12 +14265,12 @@ msgstr "" "skreddersydde designvalg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6728 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -14087,12 +14279,12 @@ msgstr "" "er)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6734 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "De går så i detalj om hvordan produsentens tilbud settes sammen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -14113,7 +14305,7 @@ msgstr "" "og er vanligvis fordelt som følger:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -14123,28 +14315,28 @@ msgstr "" "montering på stedet)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "designavgift: 8 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "plattformavgift: 12 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "kanalavgift: 18 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" "merverdiavgift (mva.): gjeldende (avhenger av produkt og hvor salget skjer)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6777 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -14155,7 +14347,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer generøs, og gir en høyere verdi til designeren." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -14170,7 +14362,7 @@ msgstr "" "En stor andel av hans virksomhet kommer fra Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6791 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -14188,7 +14380,7 @@ msgstr "" "funksjonelle produkter ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6800 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -14204,7 +14396,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -14219,12 +14411,12 @@ msgstr "" "varer fra en butikk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6821 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " @@ -14252,7 +14444,7 @@ msgstr "" "ideer og diskutere prinsipper og forretningspraksis de ønsker å se brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6825 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -14267,7 +14459,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution-NonCommercial lisensen (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6833 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" @@ -14276,22 +14468,22 @@ msgstr "" "kommersiell og ikke-kommersiell bruk. Deres hjemmeside fastslår:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Det er en utvetydig kommersiell bruk når noen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "krever en avgift eller får en fortjeneste når man lager en Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "selger (eller baserer en kommersiell tjeneste på) en Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6852 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -14302,7 +14494,7 @@ msgstr "" "kompensasjon. For eksempel kvalifiserer disse som ikke-kommersielle:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6860 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" @@ -14311,7 +14503,7 @@ msgstr "" "og vil personlig kutte til og lage noen få møbler selv" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" @@ -14320,7 +14512,7 @@ msgstr "" "eller opplæring (og har ikke tenkt å selge de som blir laget)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6874 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -14329,7 +14521,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitale verktøyrom, eller i åpne brukerrom" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -14351,7 +14543,7 @@ msgstr "" "rettigheter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6891 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -14366,7 +14558,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjennom Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -14378,12 +14570,12 @@ msgstr "" "stoler de på folk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "OpenStax" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -14394,12 +14586,12 @@ msgstr "" "Placement-kurs. Grunnlagt i 2012 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" @@ -14409,13 +14601,13 @@ msgstr "" "fysiske kopier (læreboksalg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 16. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" @@ -14423,7 +14615,7 @@ msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjuet</emphasis>: David Harris, sjefsredaktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6930 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -14446,7 +14638,7 @@ msgstr "" "når som helst – gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -14467,7 +14659,7 @@ msgstr "" "enkelt kalt OpenStax." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6953 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -14490,7 +14682,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasninger av fakulteter og studenter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" @@ -14499,7 +14691,7 @@ msgstr "" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -14520,7 +14712,7 @@ msgstr "" "Alt uten at noen sto for salget!" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -14538,7 +14730,7 @@ msgstr "" "de blir brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -14554,7 +14746,7 @@ msgstr "" "behov." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -14568,12 +14760,12 @@ msgstr "" "videre ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -14588,7 +14780,7 @@ msgstr "" "lærebøker.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7006 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -14601,7 +14793,7 @@ msgstr "" "stoler på et omfattende nettverk av samarbeidspartnere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -14621,7 +14813,7 @@ msgstr "" "trolig fortsatt komme til å kreve filantropisk investering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -14641,7 +14833,7 @@ msgstr "" "studenter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -14660,7 +14852,7 @@ msgstr "" "Introduction to Sociology 2e, der disse midlene er brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7043 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -14682,7 +14874,7 @@ msgstr "" "er der ute med sitt materiale som et utstillingsvindu." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7055 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -14696,7 +14888,7 @@ msgstr "" "David ser frem til å dele disse funnene med fellesskapet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -14716,7 +14908,7 @@ msgstr "" "finansiere den løpende driften." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -14740,7 +14932,7 @@ msgstr "" "tydeligvis selger ut nesten hundre prosent." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7086 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -14756,7 +14948,7 @@ msgstr "" "vanskelig å kunne vise at investeringen betaler seg i løpet av rimelig tid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -14779,7 +14971,7 @@ msgstr "" "bok fra bunnen av, et godt eksempel er deres biologibok." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7107 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -14812,7 +15004,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosessen er svært tidkrevende." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -14832,7 +15024,7 @@ msgstr "" "er forhåndsbetalt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -14850,7 +15042,7 @@ msgstr "" "friksjonsfri remiksing gir CC BY lærere kontroll og akademisk frihet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -14869,7 +15061,7 @@ msgstr "" "utnytter ineffektiviteten i det tradisjonelle markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7155 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" @@ -14879,27 +15071,27 @@ msgstr "" "presseinformasjonen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Bøker publisert: 23" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Studenter som har brukt OpenStax: 1,6 millioner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "Penger spart for studenter: 155 millioner dollar" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7177 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "Penger spart for studenter i studieåret 2016/17: 77 millioner dollar" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -14912,7 +15104,7 @@ msgstr "" "universiteter utenfor USA)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7192 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -14926,7 +15118,7 @@ msgstr "" "internasjonal interesse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7199 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -14941,7 +15133,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjennom hele pensumet, for eksempel for en sykepleierutdanning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -14963,22 +15155,22 @@ msgstr "" "en utdanning å kunne få den." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7220 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "Amanda Palmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "Amanda Palmer er en musiker, kunstner og skribent. Basert i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -14989,13 +15181,13 @@ msgstr "" "(abonnementsbasert), betaling for fysiske kopier, varesalg" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 15. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -15006,7 +15198,7 @@ msgstr "" "swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -15019,7 +15211,7 @@ msgstr "" "id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7248 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -15033,7 +15225,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7255 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " @@ -15059,7 +15251,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7264 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress " @@ -15099,7 +15291,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nok så jeg kunne fortsette å lage kunst.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her " @@ -15130,7 +15322,7 @@ msgstr "" "Amanda og Dresden Dolls var ment å skulle gjøre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7289 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " @@ -15164,7 +15356,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosjektene gjennom tidene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7301 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " @@ -15196,7 +15388,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike-lisens (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7313 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " @@ -15244,7 +15436,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjort hele tiden. De ikke-kommersielle lisensene var en naturlig tilpasning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7331 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The " @@ -15268,7 +15460,7 @@ msgstr "" "startet med dette fordi jeg ønsket å dele musikkgleden</quote>, sier hun." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " @@ -15295,7 +15487,7 @@ msgstr "" "på kjøkkenet mitt</quote>, skrev Amanda i <quote>The Art of Asking</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7349 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek " @@ -15329,7 +15521,7 @@ msgstr "" "selv</quote>, skrev Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7361 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -15348,7 +15540,7 @@ msgstr "" "etter en forestilling, kan de helt riktig føle at de kjenner henne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7370 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " @@ -15373,7 +15565,7 @@ msgstr "" "det.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -15392,7 +15584,7 @@ msgstr "" "vennene dine – du deler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7389 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -15411,7 +15603,7 @@ msgstr "" "din suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7398 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " @@ -15436,7 +15628,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>denne rare lille familien</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for " @@ -15464,7 +15656,7 @@ msgstr "" "finne en måte å kanalisere sin energi på som gleder deg.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -15489,7 +15681,7 @@ msgstr "" "styrkes båndet med menneskelige relasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and " @@ -15517,7 +15709,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjør, virkelig er av verdi for dem.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -15536,12 +15728,12 @@ msgstr "" "lar hun dem gjøre det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "PLOS (Public Library of Science - Offentlig vitenskapsbibliotek)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -15552,12 +15744,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt i år 2000 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7458 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" @@ -15566,18 +15758,18 @@ msgstr "" "betaler en artikkelprosessavgift for å bli publisert i tidsskiftet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 7. mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7466 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Louise Page, utgiver" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7474 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -15604,7 +15796,7 @@ msgstr "" "forskningsartikler utgitt med Attribution (CC BY)-lisenser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -15627,7 +15819,7 @@ msgstr "" "eller artikkelen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7499 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -15651,7 +15843,7 @@ msgstr "" "modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7511 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -15674,7 +15866,7 @@ msgstr "" "publisering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7523 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -15698,7 +15890,7 @@ msgstr "" "tegninger, tall eller andre elementer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7535 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -15717,7 +15909,7 @@ msgstr "" "startet i 2006, er like under 1500 dollar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7544 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -15729,7 +15921,7 @@ msgstr "" "artikkelbehandling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7550 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -15761,7 +15953,7 @@ msgstr "" "for publisering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -15778,7 +15970,7 @@ msgstr "" "publisert og spredd." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -15789,7 +15981,7 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig kildebrønn, og gi en erklæring om datatilgjengelighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7580 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -15808,7 +16000,7 @@ msgstr "" "publisere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -15821,7 +16013,7 @@ msgstr "" "journaler rangerer høyt, selv om de er relativt nye." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -15839,7 +16031,7 @@ msgstr "" "forfattere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -15855,7 +16047,7 @@ msgstr "" "noen andre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7612 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -15898,7 +16090,7 @@ msgstr "" "tverrfaglige fora for å publisere all solid vitenskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -15909,7 +16101,7 @@ msgstr "" "som en slags skyvekontroll som kan justeres for å endre gjeldende praksis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7641 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -15923,7 +16115,7 @@ msgstr "" "uunngåelig ta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7648 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -15947,7 +16139,7 @@ msgstr "" "utgiver og forfatter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7660 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -15960,7 +16152,7 @@ msgstr "" "mye av forskningshjulet som blir gjenoppfunnet rundt om i verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -15992,7 +16184,7 @@ msgstr "" "utfordring er at forskerne ikke har mye tid til å kommentere dokumentutkast." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -16012,17 +16204,17 @@ msgstr "" "endringer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7699 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7703 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -16050,7 +16242,7 @@ msgstr "" "å kommunisere med forfattere på." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -16069,7 +16261,7 @@ msgstr "" "sammen med forfattere og lesere som er åpne for eksperimentering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -16088,7 +16280,7 @@ msgstr "" "kvalitetsartikler kan leses gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -16098,12 +16290,12 @@ msgstr "" "overskuelig, tilgjengelig og reproduserbar, til fremme av vitenskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "Rijksmuseum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@ -16112,12 +16304,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt i 1800 i Nederland" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -16127,13 +16319,13 @@ msgstr "" "finansiering, betaling for personlig versjon (museumsadgang), og varesalg" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 11. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" @@ -16142,7 +16334,7 @@ msgstr "" "innsamlingsinformasjonen" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -16170,7 +16362,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer åpen modell for museet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7774 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -16196,7 +16388,7 @@ msgstr "" "kortkatalog som database over hele samlingen på nettet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -16213,12 +16405,12 @@ msgstr "" "slutt til at: Hvorfor ikke legge hele samlingen ut på nettet?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7797 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -16244,7 +16436,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer diskusjon om hvorvidt Rijksmuseum skal følge etter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " @@ -16280,7 +16472,7 @@ msgstr "" "var for det meste skolebarn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7824 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -16306,7 +16498,7 @@ msgstr "" "hadde mange heftige debatter om hva de skulle gjøre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -16327,7 +16519,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tilgjengelig, med det mål å få hele samlingen på nettet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" @@ -16367,7 +16559,7 @@ msgstr "" "at folk ønsker å se det i det virkelige liv ved å besøke det aktuelle museet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7864 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -16383,7 +16575,7 @@ msgstr "" "inntekter på, blant annet for Rijksmuseum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -16408,12 +16600,12 @@ msgstr "" "museets synlighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7892 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7886 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -16431,7 +16623,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-" @@ -16462,7 +16654,7 @@ msgstr "" "med kommersielle formål." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7906 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -16475,7 +16667,7 @@ msgstr "" "for bruk ved skoleeksamen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -16496,7 +16688,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilgjengelig for publikum, men innenfor de grensene kunstnerne har angitt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7933 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" @@ -16505,7 +16697,7 @@ msgstr "" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -16529,7 +16721,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -16542,7 +16734,7 @@ msgstr "" "award-2015\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7949 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" @@ -16551,7 +16743,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -16582,7 +16774,7 @@ msgstr "" "Rijksstudio-prisen startet i September 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7955 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -16593,7 +16785,7 @@ msgstr "" "sosiale elementer der brukere kan samarbeide mer med hverandre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7961 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -16609,7 +16801,7 @@ msgstr "" "trettifemtusen pr. måned til trehundretusen besøk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -16633,7 +16825,7 @@ msgstr "" "samfunnet på det tidspunktet maleriet ble laget." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7983 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They " @@ -16685,23 +16877,23 @@ msgstr "" "og få noe i retur. Gavmildhet gjør at folk gjerne blir med og hjelper til.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8003 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "Shareable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8006 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "Shareable er en nettmagasin om deling. Etablert i 2009 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8010 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" @@ -16710,13 +16902,13 @@ msgstr "" "folkefinansiering (prosjektbasert), donasjoner, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 24. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8018 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" @@ -16725,7 +16917,7 @@ msgstr "" "og administrerende redaktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " @@ -16756,7 +16948,7 @@ msgstr "" "valg: Å ri på bølgen, eller stå på prinsippet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In " @@ -16790,7 +16982,7 @@ msgstr "" "‹Borgkollektivet› </quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " @@ -16815,7 +17007,7 @@ msgstr "" "klart oss igjennom den kritikken som Airbnb og Uber møter nå</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of " @@ -16846,7 +17038,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsatte med et voksende publikum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8070 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " @@ -16878,7 +17070,7 @@ msgstr "" "ressursulikhet, sosial isolasjon og global oppvarming." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8082 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " @@ -16909,7 +17101,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å gjøre endringer i sine egne liv og samfunn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8094 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -16936,7 +17128,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettverket er lisensiert med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " @@ -16976,7 +17168,7 @@ msgstr "" "vi har</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -16995,7 +17187,7 @@ msgstr "" "produsentene av trafikk på hjemmesiden deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -17008,7 +17200,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shareable planlegger å tilby boken i kommende pengeinnsamlingskampanjer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -17027,7 +17219,7 @@ msgstr "" "samfunnet, vil bedre representere deres visjon av verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This " @@ -17062,7 +17254,7 @@ msgstr "" "komforten i hjemmet</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " @@ -17091,7 +17283,7 @@ msgstr "" "støttespillere var folk i deres eksisterende base." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8174 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -17105,7 +17297,7 @@ msgstr "" "relasjoner mellom sine lesere og tilhengere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8181 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to " @@ -17151,7 +17343,7 @@ msgstr "" "ny CC-lisensiert bok i 2017 fylt med ideer som nettverket kan gjennomføre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -17164,12 +17356,12 @@ msgstr "" "ta ideer og tilpasse dem til sine egne lokalsamfunn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "Siyavula" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -17179,12 +17371,12 @@ msgstr "" "lærebøker og integrerte læringsopplevelser. Grunnlagt i 2012 i Sør-Afrika." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8216 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" @@ -17193,19 +17385,19 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8219 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 5. april 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Mark Horner, " "administrerende direktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8228 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -17220,7 +17412,7 @@ msgstr "" "til tolvte klasse i Sør-Afrika." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8236 #, fuzzy msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " @@ -17234,7 +17426,7 @@ msgstr "" "for å overleve og blomstre. Mark sier det hele har opptrådt veldig organisk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -17250,12 +17442,12 @@ msgstr "" "tilgjengelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8254 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8251 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -17274,7 +17466,7 @@ msgstr "" "klasse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8260 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -17289,7 +17481,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shuttleworth. Mark er utrolig stolt av å ha oppnådd dette." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -17302,12 +17494,12 @@ msgstr "" "men ikke mange nok til å møte behovet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8274 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -17326,7 +17518,7 @@ msgstr "" "engelsk. Det prosjektet ble til Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8283 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -17341,7 +17533,7 @@ msgstr "" "seks opprinnelige bøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -17368,12 +17560,12 @@ msgstr "" "trygge å dele, og fri fra juridiske tilbakeslag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -17392,7 +17584,7 @@ msgstr "" "komplisert, og lærebøker ble sjelden redigert." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8314 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -17405,7 +17597,7 @@ msgstr "" "som en uavhengig enhet, og tok eierskap over det som medlem av Shuttleworth." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8321 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -17422,7 +17614,7 @@ msgstr "" "virkelig rullet ut." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8329 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -17439,7 +17631,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette som en stor mulighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8337 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -17456,7 +17648,7 @@ msgstr "" "til dem fra alle enheter – datamaskin, nettbrett eller mobiltelefon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -17480,7 +17672,7 @@ msgstr "" "den i de åpne lærebøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -17493,7 +17685,7 @@ msgstr "" "mest bemidlede delen av markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8365 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -17510,7 +17702,7 @@ msgstr "" "utilsiktet for lavinntektselever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " @@ -17538,7 +17730,7 @@ msgstr "" "de betjente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8383 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -17555,7 +17747,7 @@ msgstr "" "er, hva prisen er, og hva som er barrierene for bruk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -17568,7 +17760,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å bli en betalende kunde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8398 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -17586,7 +17778,7 @@ msgstr "" "uten å legge til noen verdi av det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -17607,7 +17799,7 @@ msgstr "" "naturfag- og matematikkavdelingene abonnerer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -17624,7 +17816,7 @@ msgstr "" "ytelsen deres blir bedret." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -17639,12 +17831,12 @@ msgstr "" "for klassen 4 til 6 og senere for klasse 7 til 9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8438 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8435 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -17659,7 +17851,7 @@ msgstr "" "har med lærerens veiledninger og andre ressurser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -17678,7 +17870,7 @@ msgstr "" "deres være synlig på bøker distribuert til over en million elever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8452 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -17694,7 +17886,7 @@ msgstr "" "slik at andre kan modifisere og redistribuere bøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -17715,7 +17907,7 @@ msgstr "" "regjeringen nei." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -17734,7 +17926,7 @@ msgstr "" "ettersom det tillot dem å forbli uavhengige av regjeringen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8481 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -17749,7 +17941,7 @@ msgstr "" "Siyavulas ville bli valgt. Dette skremte bort mulige sponsorer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -17769,7 +17961,7 @@ msgstr "" "hans ektefelle), og fortsetter å være den modellen Siyavula bruker i dag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -17782,7 +17974,7 @@ msgstr "" "seg å være svært omstridt, og svever i uvisshet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -17798,7 +17990,7 @@ msgstr "" "Practice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8515 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -17824,12 +18016,12 @@ msgstr "" "runder noen ganger, men både han og selskapet er blitt sterkere av det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "SparkFun" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8534 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -17838,12 +18030,12 @@ msgstr "" "åpen maskinvare. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8538 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" @@ -17852,20 +18044,20 @@ msgstr "" "kopier (elektroniske salg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 29. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8546 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8554 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -17880,7 +18072,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre. Hans reaksjon var fryd." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8560 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan " @@ -17899,7 +18091,7 @@ msgstr "" "hvordan vi påvirket verden</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -17916,7 +18108,7 @@ msgstr "" "egenhånd. Å bli kopiert er en del av designet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8575 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " @@ -17943,7 +18135,7 @@ msgstr "" "annet enn produktdesign, eller hva de vanligvis vurderer som sitt åndsverk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8584 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your " @@ -17961,7 +18153,7 @@ msgstr "" "bort det sikkerhetsnettet</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " @@ -17989,7 +18181,7 @@ msgstr "" "smertefullt det er for oss, kommer det kundene til gode</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " @@ -18017,7 +18209,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8610 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent " @@ -18048,7 +18240,7 @@ msgstr "" "uteksaminert, begynte han å lage og selge sine egne produkter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8622 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " @@ -18074,7 +18266,7 @@ msgstr "" "produktene de lager." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8631 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -18091,7 +18283,7 @@ msgstr "" "av brett for videresalg under Arduinos merke." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -18107,7 +18299,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjernevirksomheten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8647 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " @@ -18124,7 +18316,7 @@ msgstr "" "til tre hundre og femti tusen videregående elever i 2020</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " @@ -18155,7 +18347,7 @@ msgstr "" "de samme lisensvilkårene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -18174,7 +18366,7 @@ msgstr "" "publikum til en konkurranse en gang i året." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -18201,7 +18393,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer meningsfylt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -18220,7 +18412,7 @@ msgstr "" "de ikke bare fokuserer på bunnlinjen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8699 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -18235,7 +18427,7 @@ msgstr "" "til nettområdet deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8706 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " @@ -18267,7 +18459,7 @@ msgstr "" "vil designe noe for å ta oss av det</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -18288,7 +18480,7 @@ msgstr "" "virkeligheten ikke riktig.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -18307,7 +18499,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, sier Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8739 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -18332,12 +18524,12 @@ msgstr "" "ord, det gjør dem til et slikt selskapet de har satt seg fore å være." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "TeachAIDS" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8756 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -18347,22 +18539,22 @@ msgstr "" "folk over hele verden om HIV og AIDS. Grunnlagt i 2005 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 24. mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8768 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" @@ -18371,7 +18563,7 @@ msgstr "" "administrerende direktør, og Shuman Ghosemajumder, styret" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8776 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -18384,7 +18576,7 @@ msgstr "" "distribuerer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -18408,7 +18600,7 @@ msgstr "" "innhold er gratis og gjort tilgjengelig under en Creative Commons-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8795 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -18445,7 +18637,7 @@ msgstr "" "av informasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8815 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " @@ -18479,7 +18671,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasset utdanning</quote>, sa Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8827 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -18490,7 +18682,7 @@ msgstr "" "også å bruke Creative Commons-lisenser på materialet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8833 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in " @@ -18533,7 +18725,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8849 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " @@ -18558,7 +18750,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>Forskning styrer alt vi gjør.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8858 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -18575,7 +18767,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpassede versjon av materialet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -18602,7 +18794,7 @@ msgstr "" "informasjon fra noen av det samme kjønn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8882 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -18631,7 +18823,7 @@ msgstr "" "denne syklusen elleve ganger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8898 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all " @@ -18684,7 +18876,7 @@ msgstr "" "start på avspilleren</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " @@ -18721,7 +18913,7 @@ msgstr "" "svært effektive modell, var å gjøre den helt gratis.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -18741,7 +18933,7 @@ msgstr "" "det pedagogiske innholdet. Alt innhold er fortsatt merket som TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " @@ -18769,7 +18961,7 @@ msgstr "" "hatt materiale for rikere land</quote>, sa Shuman." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8952 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " @@ -18806,7 +18998,7 @@ msgstr "" "sponsorat kan være til fordel for et merke i mange år framover." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8966 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " @@ -18831,7 +19023,7 @@ msgstr "" "disse initiativene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " @@ -18856,12 +19048,12 @@ msgstr "" "forutsetningene for TeachAIDS</quote>, sier Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "Tribe of Noise" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -18872,18 +19064,18 @@ msgstr "" "Nederland." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8993 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9001 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" @@ -18892,7 +19084,7 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9009 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -18909,7 +19101,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensiering, inkludert bruk av fri programvare og Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -18927,7 +19119,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensiere musikk direkte fra en rettighetshaver lett tilgjengelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered " @@ -18955,7 +19147,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sandra tidlig i 2008 å bygge en plattform." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -18970,7 +19162,7 @@ msgstr "" "musikk krever et tillitsforhold." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -18985,12 +19177,12 @@ msgstr "" "problemene de to personlig hadde erfart for å finne denne musikken." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -19011,7 +19203,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9063 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting " @@ -19067,7 +19259,7 @@ msgstr "" "Hessel, <quote>Vi kjemper fortsatt for en god sak hver eneste dag</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9084 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with " @@ -19103,7 +19295,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons. Etter Nederland fulgte oppfølgingen i Skandinavia, Belgia, og USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -19118,12 +19310,12 @@ msgstr "" "betydelig bedre avtale. Her viser de et eksempel på sin hjemmeside:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9114 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -19145,7 +19337,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -19164,7 +19356,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensen utelukke dem fra å bli rik fra salg av den sangen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -19186,7 +19378,7 @@ msgstr "" "avtale." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9139 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -19202,7 +19394,7 @@ msgstr "" "avtale." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9147 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -19215,7 +19407,7 @@ msgstr "" "musikkrepertoar enn fellesområdet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9153 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -19230,7 +19422,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre modeller som Tribe of Noise Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -19251,7 +19443,7 @@ msgstr "" "plattformen, og som virkelig engasjerer seg med dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -19269,7 +19461,7 @@ msgstr "" "lage en sang for å møte det behovet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9182 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -19292,7 +19484,7 @@ msgstr "" "under CC BY-SA, og velger andre opphavsrettsselskaper som ASCAP eller BMI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9194 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -19323,7 +19515,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette arbeidet uten rettstvister." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9211 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -19344,12 +19536,12 @@ msgstr "" "for musikk, en modell basert på tillit." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "Wikimedia-stiftelsen" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -19358,23 +19550,23 @@ msgstr "" "søsterprosjekter. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9231 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Donasjoner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 18. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9238 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" @@ -19383,12 +19575,12 @@ msgstr "" "for Community Engagement, og Stephen LaPorte, advokat" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "Nesten hver person som er på nettet vet om Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -19403,7 +19595,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasse det til hvilket som helst formål." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -19413,7 +19605,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettleksikonet, ifølge, selvfølgelig, Wikipedia-artikkelen om Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9263 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -19440,7 +19632,7 @@ msgstr "" "tusen som ikke er koblet til en bestemt organisasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9277 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -19454,7 +19646,7 @@ msgstr "" "menneskelig samarbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9284 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -19471,7 +19663,7 @@ msgstr "" "omfang." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9293 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -19494,7 +19686,28 @@ msgstr "" "redigeringer utføres hver time." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " +#| "cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " +#| "improvement really works,” Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community " +#| "Engagement, told us. The rules and processes that govern cocreation on " +#| "Wikipedia and its sister projects are all community-driven and vary by " +#| "language edition. There are entire books written on the intricacies of " +#| "their systems, but generally speaking, there are very few exceptions to " +#| "the rule that anyone can edit any article, even without an account on " +#| "their system. The extensive peer-review process includes elaborate " +#| "systems to resolve disputes, methods for managing particularly " +#| "controversial subject areas, talk pages explaining decisions, and much, " +#| "much more. The Wikimedia Foundation’s decision to leave governance of the " +#| "projects to the community is very deliberate. “We look at the things that " +#| "the community can do well, and we want to let them do those things,” " +#| "Stephen told us. Instead, the foundation focuses its time and resources " +#| "on what the community cannot do as effectively, like the software " +#| "engineering that supports the technical infrastructure of the sites. In " +#| "2015-16, about half of the foundation’s budget went to direct support for " +#| "the Wikimedia sites." msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -19516,27 +19729,27 @@ msgid "" "foundation’s budget went to direct support for the Wikimedia sites." msgstr "" "Egenskapene til innholdet som fellesskapet lager er ideelt for asynkron " -"samproduksjon. <quote>Et leksikon er noe der fellesskapets trinnvise " -"forbedring virkelig fungerer</quote>, fortalte Luis Villa, tidligere sjef " -"for fellesskapsengasjementet (Chief Officer of Community Engagement) oss. " -"Reglene og prosessene som styrer samproduksjonen på Wikipedia, og dets " -"søsterprosjekter er alle fellesskapsdrevet og varierer med språkutgave. " -"Hele bøker er skrevet om irrgangene i systemene deres, men generelt er det " -"svært få unntak fra regelen om at alle kan redigere alle artikler, selv uten " -"en brukerkonto på systemet. Den omfattende fagfellevurderingsprosessen " +"samproduksjon. <quote>Et leksikon er noe der trinnvis samfunnsforbedring " +"virkelig fungerer</quote>, fortalte Luis Villa, tidligere sjef for " +"fellesskapsengasjementet (Chief Officer of Community Engagement) oss. " +"Regler og prosesser som styrer samproduksjonen på Wikipedia, og dets " +"søsterprosjekter er alle fellesskapsdrevet og varierer etter språkutgaven. " +"Hele bøker er skrevet om vanskelighetene med systemene deres, men generelt " +"er det svært få unntak fra regelen om at alle kan redigere alle artikler, " +"selv uten en konto i systemet deres. Den omfattende peer-review prosessen " "inkluderer omfattende systemer for å løse tvister, metoder for å håndtere " -"kontroversielle fagområder, diskusjonssider for å forklare beslutninger, og " +"kontroversielle fagområder, en diskusjonsside som forklarer beslutninger, og " "mye, mye mer. Wikimedia Foundations beslutning om å overlate styring av " -"prosjekter til fellesskapet er veldig bevisst. <quote>Vi ser på de tingene " -"fellesskapet er flinke til, og vi ønsker å la dem gjøre disse tingene</" -"quote>, fortalte Stephen oss. I stedet konsentrerer stiftelsen sin tid og " -"ressurser på hva fellesskapet ikke klarer like godt, som å utvikle " -"programvaren som støtter nettstedenes tekniske infrastruktur. I 2015-2016 " -"gikk omtrent halvparten av stiftelsens budsjett til direkte støtte til " -"Wikimedias nettsteder." +"prosjekter til fellesskapet er veldig bevisst. <quote>Vi ser på det " +"fellesskapet kan gjøre godt, og vi ønsker å la dem gjøre de tingene</quote>, " +"fortalte Stephen oss. I stedet konsentrerer stiftelsen sin tid og ressurser " +"på hva samfunnet ikke kan gjøre effektivt, som å utvikle programvaren som " +"støtter nettstedenes tekniske infrastruktur. I 2015-2016 gikk omtrent " +"halvparten av stiftelsens budsjett til direkte støtte til Wikimedias " +"nettsteder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9329 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -19565,7 +19778,7 @@ msgstr "" "Mesteparten av tiden ønsker folk å gjøre det som er riktig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -19588,7 +19801,7 @@ msgstr "" "best for alle</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9369 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" @@ -19597,7 +19810,7 @@ msgstr "" "mistakes/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -19633,7 +19846,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>De er alle bidragsytere.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -19651,7 +19864,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer enn 77 millioner dollar fra mer enn fem millioner givere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -19670,7 +19883,7 @@ msgstr "" "verdi, så gi tilbake. Hver liten del hjelper. Med nok øyne har de rett." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9397 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -19688,7 +19901,7 @@ msgstr "" "er grunnleggende for alt fondet gjør." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -19701,7 +19914,7 @@ msgstr "" "fellesskapet deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9412 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -19715,7 +19928,7 @@ msgstr "" "oss." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -19730,12 +19943,12 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig område.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "Bibliografi" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -19746,7 +19959,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." @@ -19755,12 +19968,12 @@ msgstr "" "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9445 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." @@ -19769,7 +19982,7 @@ msgstr "" "Decisions. Oppdatert utgave. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." @@ -19778,7 +19991,7 @@ msgstr "" "Media, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -19791,7 +20004,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9460 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -19802,7 +20015,7 @@ msgstr "" "WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -19815,7 +20028,7 @@ msgstr "" "transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9472 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -19824,7 +20037,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -19843,7 +20056,7 @@ msgstr "" "democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." @@ -19852,7 +20065,7 @@ msgstr "" "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." @@ -19861,7 +20074,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." @@ -19870,7 +20083,7 @@ msgstr "" "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." @@ -19879,7 +20092,7 @@ msgstr "" "BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." @@ -19888,7 +20101,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." @@ -19897,7 +20110,7 @@ msgstr "" "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." @@ -19906,7 +20119,7 @@ msgstr "" "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9514 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -19923,7 +20136,7 @@ msgstr "" "regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -19934,7 +20147,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, og Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9526 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." @@ -19943,7 +20156,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." @@ -19952,7 +20165,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -19965,7 +20178,7 @@ msgstr "" ">." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -19978,7 +20191,7 @@ msgstr "" "Knowledge\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." @@ -19987,7 +20200,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -19998,7 +20211,7 @@ msgstr "" "Knowledge." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -20011,7 +20224,7 @@ msgstr "" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9563 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." @@ -20020,7 +20233,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." @@ -20029,7 +20242,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -20040,7 +20253,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, og Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9577 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." @@ -20049,7 +20262,7 @@ msgstr "" "med ny epolog. New York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." @@ -20058,7 +20271,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." @@ -20067,7 +20280,7 @@ msgstr "" "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." @@ -20076,7 +20289,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9594 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." @@ -20085,7 +20298,7 @@ msgstr "" "Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9598 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." @@ -20094,7 +20307,7 @@ msgstr "" "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." @@ -20103,7 +20316,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." @@ -20112,7 +20325,7 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." @@ -20121,7 +20334,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9615 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." @@ -20130,7 +20343,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." @@ -20139,7 +20352,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." @@ -20148,7 +20361,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -20159,7 +20372,7 @@ msgstr "" "news/technology-35709680\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." @@ -20168,7 +20381,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9636 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -20177,7 +20390,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." @@ -20186,7 +20399,7 @@ msgstr "" "and Giroux, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9644 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -20197,7 +20410,7 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -20208,7 +20421,7 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -20221,7 +20434,7 @@ msgstr "" "strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." @@ -20230,7 +20443,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9666 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -20245,7 +20458,7 @@ msgstr "" "(lisensiert med CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9674 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -20258,7 +20471,7 @@ msgstr "" "med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -20271,7 +20484,7 @@ msgstr "" "url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -20282,7 +20495,7 @@ msgstr "" "Business, 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -20293,14 +20506,14 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9700 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." @@ -20309,7 +20522,7 @@ msgstr "" "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9704 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." @@ -20318,7 +20531,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9708 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." @@ -20327,7 +20540,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." @@ -20336,7 +20549,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9716 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." @@ -20345,7 +20558,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9720 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." @@ -20354,7 +20567,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9724 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." @@ -20363,7 +20576,7 @@ msgstr "" "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." @@ -20372,12 +20585,12 @@ msgstr "" "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -20388,7 +20601,7 @@ msgstr "" "Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9741 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." @@ -20397,7 +20610,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9745 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." @@ -20406,7 +20619,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9749 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -20421,7 +20634,7 @@ msgstr "" "opendesignnow.org\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -20432,7 +20645,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -20443,7 +20656,7 @@ msgstr "" "NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." @@ -20452,12 +20665,12 @@ msgstr "" "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9773 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Takk til" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9775 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -20471,7 +20684,7 @@ msgstr "" "for startstøtten som fikk oss i gang med prosjektet." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -20482,7 +20695,7 @@ msgstr "" "inspirasjonen." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9787 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -20498,7 +20711,7 @@ msgstr "" "det de har gjort." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9795 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -20511,7 +20724,7 @@ msgstr "" "uvurderlige tilbakemeldinger. Ektefølt takk til dere alle." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9801 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -20604,7 +20817,7 @@ msgstr "" "Yancey Strickler." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9852 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -21270,9 +21483,6 @@ msgstr "" "Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan " "og ZeMarmot Open Movie." -#~ msgid "Mexico City" -#~ msgstr "Oslo" - #~ msgid "" #~ " <city>Mexico City</city>\n" #~ " " diff --git a/po/nl/mwcc.po b/po/nl/mwcc.po index c60dc46..5bd0597 100644 --- a/po/nl/mwcc.po +++ b/po/nl/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-07 20:09+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-12-10 23:30+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-02-04 21:35+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Nathan Follens <nathan@email.is>\n" "Language-Team: Dutch <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ msgstr "nl" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Gemaakt met Creative Commons" @@ -50,23 +50,23 @@ msgid "Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><copyright> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:16 msgid "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21 -msgid "<publishername>Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas</publishername>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:19 +msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23 -msgid "Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:20 +msgid "Mexico City" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:22 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:60 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " @@ -94,21 +94,21 @@ msgstr "" "Licentiedetails: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:37 #, fuzzy #| msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "door Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:39 #, fuzzy #| msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons." msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." msgstr "© 2017, door Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -117,14 +117,14 @@ msgstr "" "BY-SA), versie 4.0." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 msgid "" "ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " "(Paperback)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:47 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com" msgid "" @@ -140,19 +140,19 @@ msgstr "Uitgever:" #. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 msgid " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:57 #, fuzzy #| msgid "Downloadable e-book available at madewith.cc" msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." msgstr "E-boek beschikbaar voor downloaden op madewith.cc" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:68 msgid "" "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " @@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ msgstr "" "onze crowdfunding-campagne op Kickstarter.com." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 msgid "" "This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" "gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " @@ -172,68 +172,51 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:79 msgid "Classifications:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:83 msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 msgid "(UDK) ?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:91 msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:95 msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:99 msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" msgstr "" -#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 -#, fuzzy -msgid "" -"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " -"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . " -"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also " -"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length " -"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our " -"daily lives.</quote>" -msgstr "" -"<span id=\"anchor-4\"></span>\"Ik weet niet veel van niet-fictieve " -"journalistiek. . . De manier waarop ik aan dit soort dingen denk en wat ik " -"ermee kan doen is. . . essays zoals deze zijn momenten waarop je een helder " -"en redelijk gemiddeld iemand meer aandacht ziet tonen en dieper ziet denken " -"over allerlei soorten dingen dan de meesten van ons in ons dagelijks leven.\"" - -#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:102 +#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><blockquote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:129 #, fuzzy #| msgid "- David Foster Wallace" msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>" msgstr "- David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 #, fuzzy #| msgid "## Foreword" msgid "Foreword" msgstr "## Voorwoord" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:136 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " @@ -261,7 +244,7 @@ msgstr "" "zakelijke werkwijzen d.m.v. CC \"een rode haring.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:145 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " @@ -284,7 +267,7 @@ msgstr "" "einde zelf.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:153 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites " @@ -306,7 +289,7 @@ msgstr "" "hoogstwaarschijnlijk niet. Ook al wilt iemand altijd de loterij.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:161 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " @@ -331,7 +314,7 @@ msgstr "" "vruchten oogsten van het volgen van hun passies." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:170 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -341,7 +324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:177 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -352,7 +335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:186 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -364,7 +347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:195 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -377,7 +360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:207 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -390,7 +373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -400,7 +383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:226 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -411,7 +394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:235 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -423,7 +406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:245 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -431,7 +414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:251 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -442,7 +425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:260 msgid "" "Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " "when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -458,7 +441,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -470,7 +453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" "quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " @@ -482,7 +465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:294 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -492,38 +475,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:305 msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:308 #, fuzzy #| msgid "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>" msgstr "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312 #, fuzzy #| msgid "## Introduction" msgid "Introduction" msgstr "## Inleiding" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:314 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:318 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -537,7 +520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -547,14 +530,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:343 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -564,7 +547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -574,7 +557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:359 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -585,7 +568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:368 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -597,14 +580,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:378 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:383 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -615,7 +598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -627,7 +610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:401 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -636,7 +619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -644,7 +627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:414 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -652,7 +635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -662,33 +645,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426 msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:430 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -700,7 +683,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -713,19 +696,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -740,17 +723,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:487 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -759,12 +742,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -777,14 +760,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511 msgid "" "Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of " "engagement with commons, state, and market." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:515 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -797,7 +780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:526 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -808,7 +791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -817,28 +800,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:674 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:978 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:553 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -850,12 +833,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:564 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " @@ -864,7 +847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -876,7 +859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:584 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -886,23 +869,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:595 msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -911,7 +894,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:611 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -923,7 +906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:622 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -935,7 +918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:632 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -945,7 +928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:640 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -957,7 +940,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources " @@ -969,12 +952,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:664 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -982,7 +965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:669 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -993,7 +976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -1004,14 +987,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:690 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -1028,23 +1011,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:672 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:723 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1052,7 +1035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1062,7 +1045,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:737 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1070,12 +1053,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:750 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1086,12 +1069,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:756 msgid "Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:758 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1100,7 +1083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " @@ -1109,7 +1092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1120,7 +1103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1131,7 +1114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1142,7 +1125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:800 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1151,13 +1134,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808 #, fuzzy msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "### Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:810 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1168,7 +1151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1178,7 +1161,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1186,7 +1169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:826 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1199,23 +1182,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:802 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:863 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1223,7 +1206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:853 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1236,7 +1219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1251,25 +1234,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " "<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " @@ -1281,7 +1264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -1289,7 +1272,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " "Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1309,7 +1292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1322,14 +1305,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " "and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1343,7 +1326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1352,23 +1335,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:931 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:982 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980 msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:990 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1376,12 +1359,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1004 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1389,12 +1372,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1011 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019 msgid "" "<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " "Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " @@ -1402,28 +1385,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1029 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1045 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " "22, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1033 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1440,7 +1423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1062 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " "Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " @@ -1449,7 +1432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1053 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1462,7 +1445,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1477,7 +1460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1485,7 +1468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1495,13 +1478,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 #, fuzzy msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "### Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1103 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1512,7 +1495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 msgid "" "<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " "30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1520,7 +1503,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1537,7 +1520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -1547,14 +1530,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1148 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1566,7 +1549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1580,7 +1563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1590,7 +1573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1183 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " "September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" @@ -1598,7 +1581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1177 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1612,22 +1595,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1204 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1197 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1643,7 +1626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " "Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -1651,7 +1634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1219 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1661,7 +1644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -1672,7 +1655,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -1680,7 +1663,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1234 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1693,14 +1676,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1720,7 +1703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1295 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -1728,7 +1711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1742,7 +1725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1757,7 +1740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1322 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -1765,7 +1748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1777,7 +1760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1331 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1786,7 +1769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1346 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -1794,14 +1777,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1338 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1816,7 +1799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1372 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -1824,7 +1807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1364 msgid "" "<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " "book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " @@ -1835,14 +1818,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1394 msgid "" "We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " "coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." @@ -1853,7 +1836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1380 msgid "" "It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " "business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -1868,7 +1851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1882,7 +1865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " @@ -1892,7 +1875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1418 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1907,12 +1890,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1443 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1921,7 +1904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1449 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1931,7 +1914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1458 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -1945,7 +1928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1471 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1959,7 +1942,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -1967,7 +1950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1484 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1983,7 +1966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1997,7 +1980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1517 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -2012,7 +1995,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1531 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -2028,7 +2011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -2037,12 +2020,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1553 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1555 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -2055,7 +2038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1567 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2065,7 +2048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2077,7 +2060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1585 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2087,7 +2070,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2096,7 +2079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1600 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2111,7 +2094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2122,7 +2105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2133,18 +2116,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634 #, fuzzy msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "## Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1639 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2161,7 +2144,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2173,7 +2156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1665 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2181,7 +2164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2192,7 +2175,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1684 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -2200,7 +2183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1679 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " @@ -2213,7 +2196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -2222,7 +2205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1704 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2234,7 +2217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2247,7 +2230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -2257,7 +2240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -2272,7 +2255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1748 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2286,7 +2269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2296,14 +2279,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1774 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2318,7 +2301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1787 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2330,7 +2313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2342,7 +2325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1807 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2350,7 +2333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1812 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2363,12 +2346,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2383,7 +2366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -2391,7 +2374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1840 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -2405,12 +2388,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1868 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1857 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2428,7 +2411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1876 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -2443,7 +2426,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1889 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2453,7 +2436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1897 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2461,26 +2444,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1902 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1910 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1927 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " @@ -2501,26 +2484,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1952 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934 msgid "" "While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " "in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " @@ -2539,12 +2522,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1966 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2561,12 +2544,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1991 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1986 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " @@ -2575,7 +2558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1996 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2588,12 +2571,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2604,7 +2587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2020 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2615,7 +2598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2632,12 +2615,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2050 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2045 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2649,12 +2632,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2059 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -2668,19 +2651,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2080 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2694,7 +2677,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2092 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -2704,12 +2687,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2725,17 +2708,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2120 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -2747,12 +2730,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " @@ -2760,7 +2743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2141 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -2778,7 +2761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2793,7 +2776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2180 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2808,7 +2791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2195 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -2819,12 +2802,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2835,12 +2818,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2230 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2216 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2857,7 +2840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2874,12 +2857,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2252 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2255 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2888,12 +2871,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2262 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2907,29 +2890,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2292 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2297 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2304 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2279 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " @@ -2946,12 +2929,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2311 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -2963,17 +2946,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2336 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2328 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2989,12 +2972,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2349 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -3003,7 +2986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2351 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -3021,12 +3004,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2374 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -3038,7 +3021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -3049,24 +3032,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2397 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2399 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -3078,12 +3061,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -3101,12 +3084,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -3120,7 +3103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2456 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -3131,7 +3114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -3140,24 +3123,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2479 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -3170,17 +3153,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2496 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2504 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2499 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -3204,12 +3187,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -3220,12 +3203,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2543 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2546 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -3234,12 +3217,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2564 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -3255,22 +3238,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2581 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -3286,12 +3269,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -3305,17 +3288,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2614 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3329,13 +3312,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2636 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -3346,12 +3329,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2646 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -3364,12 +3347,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2661 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -3378,7 +3361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -3392,7 +3375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -3402,17 +3385,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -3422,13 +3405,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2709 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -3443,12 +3426,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -3461,12 +3444,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -3484,7 +3467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2762 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -3495,12 +3478,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2775 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " @@ -3517,7 +3500,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2792 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3528,7 +3511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2800 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3536,7 +3519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2805 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3544,7 +3527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2810 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3557,7 +3540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3572,7 +3555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3581,19 +3564,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842 msgid "Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -3604,14 +3587,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2859 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3627,7 +3610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2880 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -3641,12 +3624,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2893 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3659,22 +3642,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2909 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3688,17 +3671,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2937 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2946 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2931 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -3715,22 +3698,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -3748,12 +3731,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " @@ -3766,12 +3749,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3785,22 +3768,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3030 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" @@ -3814,7 +3797,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3822,17 +3805,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3047 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3059 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -3848,12 +3831,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3866,7 +3849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3079 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3879,12 +3862,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3095 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3894,19 +3877,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3104 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3919,17 +3902,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3138 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3120 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3946,17 +3929,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " @@ -3972,19 +3955,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " @@ -3993,14 +3976,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3173 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -4016,7 +3999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3211 msgid "" "David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -4024,7 +4007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -4040,7 +4023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3221 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -4052,28 +4035,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3232 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3238 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3027 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -4089,12 +4072,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3268 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3258 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -4107,17 +4090,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3273 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -4138,19 +4121,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3309 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -4166,14 +4149,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -4187,13 +4170,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350 #, fuzzy msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "## Gemaakt met Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3352 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -4208,29 +4191,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3141 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3157 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3169 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3182 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3195 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3215 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3469 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3376 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -4239,12 +4222,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3385 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3390 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -4255,12 +4238,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3401 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -4268,12 +4251,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3413 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3418 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -4282,12 +4265,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3426 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -4295,12 +4278,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3439 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3444 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -4309,7 +4292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3451 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -4317,31 +4300,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3464 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471 msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3476 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -4354,7 +4337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3492 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -4369,7 +4352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -4384,7 +4367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3519 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -4393,7 +4376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3526 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -4407,12 +4390,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538 msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3541 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " @@ -4420,17 +4403,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3551 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -4442,7 +4425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3561 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -4452,24 +4435,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3570 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3573 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3578 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -4477,38 +4460,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3591 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5475 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5988 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6916 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7744 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8214 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3599 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -4524,7 +4507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3613 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -4535,7 +4518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623 msgid "" "<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " "Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " @@ -4546,7 +4529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3632 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -4558,7 +4541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -4569,7 +4552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4580,7 +4563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4595,7 +4578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3673 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4611,7 +4594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4622,7 +4605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4632,7 +4615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4646,7 +4629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3715 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4659,12 +4642,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3737 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3726 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4678,7 +4661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3742 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4693,7 +4676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4707,7 +4690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4719,7 +4702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4730,12 +4713,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3786 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4752,7 +4735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3805 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4762,7 +4745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " @@ -4773,7 +4756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4781,12 +4764,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3828 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4794,45 +4777,45 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3836 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3839 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3843 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5777 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7228 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8762 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9748 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3854 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4841,12 +4824,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3860 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3863 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -4859,7 +4842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3875 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4874,7 +4857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3888 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4887,7 +4870,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4898,7 +4881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4908,7 +4891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4918,7 +4901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3924 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4935,7 +4918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4945,7 +4928,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3948 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -4958,7 +4941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3959 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " @@ -4970,7 +4953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3969 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " "<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " @@ -4980,7 +4963,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3977 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4988,7 +4971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3982 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " "content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " @@ -5003,7 +4986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3996 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -5014,7 +4997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4005 msgid "" "<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " "<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " @@ -5024,7 +5007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4013 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -5034,43 +5017,43 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4025 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4030 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4033 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4038 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4049 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -5083,7 +5066,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4060 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -5095,7 +5078,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4070 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -5104,7 +5087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -5117,7 +5100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4088 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -5131,7 +5114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4101 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " @@ -5142,7 +5125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4110 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -5154,7 +5137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4120 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -5166,7 +5149,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4130 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -5176,7 +5159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4138 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -5191,7 +5174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -5203,7 +5186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -5214,7 +5197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4169 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -5231,7 +5214,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -5240,7 +5223,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -5251,7 +5234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -5260,7 +5243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4207 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -5272,46 +5255,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4221 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4224 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4229 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4232 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4236 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4240 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4248 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " @@ -5320,7 +5303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4254 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -5332,7 +5315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -5342,7 +5325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -5351,7 +5334,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4278 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -5361,15 +5344,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4286 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " -"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " -"cult following." +"download, the" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290 +msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4293 +msgid "the game a massive cult following." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -5384,7 +5376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4309 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -5392,7 +5384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4315 msgid "" "But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " "Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " @@ -5401,7 +5393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4321 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -5417,7 +5409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 msgid "" "<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " "fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " @@ -5425,7 +5417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4341 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -5434,7 +5426,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " "little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." @@ -5445,7 +5437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4356 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -5460,7 +5452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -5470,7 +5462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377 msgid "" "Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -5479,7 +5471,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -5494,7 +5486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -5507,7 +5499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4409 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -5520,7 +5512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -5530,7 +5522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4427 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " @@ -5541,7 +5533,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4436 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -5551,7 +5543,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4444 msgid "" "<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," "</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " @@ -5560,12 +5552,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4455 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -5573,12 +5565,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4460 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4463 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -5586,13 +5578,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4472 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4480 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5603,7 +5595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4490 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5613,7 +5605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5634,7 +5626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4518 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5649,7 +5641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4531 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5663,7 +5655,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4544 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -5675,12 +5667,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4559 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4555 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5697,7 +5689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4574 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -5711,7 +5703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4586 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -5721,7 +5713,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5732,7 +5724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4603 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5744,7 +5736,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5755,7 +5747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5765,7 +5757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4630 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5777,7 +5769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5787,7 +5779,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5795,7 +5787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 msgid "" "With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " "Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " @@ -5805,38 +5797,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4666 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4670 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4679 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4687 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " "adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " @@ -5847,7 +5839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4696 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5855,7 +5847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4701 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5867,7 +5859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4712 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5875,7 +5867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5893,7 +5885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4734 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5909,7 +5901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4748 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5921,7 +5913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4758 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5933,7 +5925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5948,7 +5940,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5958,7 +5950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4789 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5968,7 +5960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " @@ -5985,7 +5977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4812 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -6001,7 +5993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -6017,7 +6009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4842 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -6030,7 +6022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4853 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -6043,7 +6035,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -6056,7 +6048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4875 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -6069,7 +6061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4887 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -6079,17 +6071,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4895 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4899 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -6097,29 +6089,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4911 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4915 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4919 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4927 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -6132,7 +6124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4938 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -6140,7 +6132,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4943 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -6151,7 +6143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4952 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -6160,7 +6152,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4959 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -6168,7 +6160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4965 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -6179,7 +6171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -6189,7 +6181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4982 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -6198,7 +6190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4988 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -6208,7 +6200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -6217,7 +6209,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -6230,7 +6222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -6242,7 +6234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5025 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -6251,14 +6243,19 @@ msgid "" "this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data " "also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-" "through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and " -"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide " -"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and " -"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons " -"licenses for the data." +"researchers. Figshare now provides" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036 +msgid "" +"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " +"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " +"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5042 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -6270,7 +6267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5052 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -6282,7 +6279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -6296,7 +6293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5075 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -6308,7 +6305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -6319,21 +6316,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -6347,7 +6344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -6360,12 +6357,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5123 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -6379,7 +6376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -6389,7 +6386,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5146 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -6404,12 +6401,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5165 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -6417,37 +6414,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5170 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5173 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5177 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -6468,7 +6465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -6481,7 +6478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5222 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -6496,7 +6493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -6514,14 +6511,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5253 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -6539,7 +6536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5273 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -6554,7 +6551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -6574,7 +6571,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5305 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -6583,7 +6580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6600,7 +6597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5327 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6615,12 +6612,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5341 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6630,12 +6627,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5353 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -6644,7 +6641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5363 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6653,7 +6650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6667,7 +6664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5381 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6679,7 +6676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6694,7 +6691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5405 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. \"We " @@ -6705,7 +6702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 msgid "" "\"But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6713,7 +6710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421 msgid "" "\"The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6721,7 +6718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 msgid "" "\"Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6734,7 +6731,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 msgid "" "\"Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6743,7 +6740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5445 msgid "" "<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6755,7 +6752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -6763,7 +6760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5459 msgid "" "users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " "use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " @@ -6771,12 +6768,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5466 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5469 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6784,30 +6781,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5477 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5481 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5493 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6824,7 +6821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6833,7 +6830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6842,7 +6839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6860,7 +6857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6871,7 +6868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6882,7 +6879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6892,7 +6889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6905,35 +6902,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5589 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6942,7 +6939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5610 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6950,12 +6947,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5622 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5617 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6964,7 +6961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6976,14 +6973,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5642 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6997,7 +6994,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5654 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -7010,7 +7007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5666 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -7026,7 +7023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -7034,7 +7031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5687 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -7046,7 +7043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5697 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7054,7 +7051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5702 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7062,7 +7059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7074,13 +7071,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7093,7 +7090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5732 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7105,7 +7102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5743 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7115,7 +7112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7129,14 +7126,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7149,7 +7146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5779 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7162,48 +7159,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5795 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5807 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5827 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7227,7 +7224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7239,7 +7236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5856 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7250,7 +7247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5865 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7260,7 +7257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7275,33 +7272,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5889 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5895 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5908 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7311,7 +7308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5922 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7321,7 +7318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5930 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7330,7 +7327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7341,7 +7338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7359,7 +7356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5963 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7372,7 +7369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5974 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7385,7 +7382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7395,7 +7392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7408,7 +7405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7418,7 +7415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7432,7 +7429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6025 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7444,7 +7441,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7456,7 +7453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6045 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7467,7 +7464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7480,7 +7477,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7491,7 +7488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6074 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7500,7 +7497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6080 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7513,7 +7510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6092 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7525,26 +7522,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6104 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6107 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6115 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7552,12 +7549,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7571,7 +7568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7584,7 +7581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6152 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7593,7 +7590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6159 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7605,7 +7602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7622,7 +7619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7633,7 +7630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7644,7 +7641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7655,7 +7652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6212 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7667,7 +7664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7677,7 +7674,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7689,7 +7686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7703,7 +7700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6251 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7712,15 +7709,20 @@ msgid "" "thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then " "he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process " "really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his " -"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being " -"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should " -"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he " -"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy " -"getting lost in that process.</quote>" +"work is a song rather than news. \"There is something about being challenged " +"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung about" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 +msgid "" +"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,\" he said. <quote>I find " +"that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that " +"process.</quote>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7729,7 +7731,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6276 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7743,7 +7745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6288 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7754,7 +7756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7764,7 +7766,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7774,7 +7776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7782,12 +7784,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7795,30 +7797,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6338 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6346 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7826,7 +7828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7837,7 +7839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7847,7 +7849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6367 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7857,14 +7859,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6380 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6375 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7876,7 +7878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7886,7 +7888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7897,7 +7899,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7906,7 +7908,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6412 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7921,7 +7923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6426 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7934,7 +7936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6437 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7944,7 +7946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7960,7 +7962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7975,7 +7977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7983,7 +7985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7996,14 +7998,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6131 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6488 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -8012,7 +8014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -8021,7 +8023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6504 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -8036,7 +8038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6518 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -8046,7 +8048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8055,7 +8057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8066,7 +8068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8075,7 +8077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6547 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8087,7 +8089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8096,7 +8098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6564 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8108,7 +8110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6577 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8120,12 +8122,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6589 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6592 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8133,31 +8135,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6604 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8169,7 +8171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8183,7 +8185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6638 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8193,38 +8195,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6648 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6654 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8235,7 +8237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8245,7 +8247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8255,7 +8257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8265,19 +8267,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6711 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8292,7 +8294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8307,7 +8309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6743 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8318,7 +8320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8328,7 +8330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6760 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8339,13 +8341,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6769 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8353,7 +8355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8363,7 +8365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8372,7 +8374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6801 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8383,7 +8385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8396,14 +8398,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8411,7 +8413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8422,12 +8424,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8438,7 +8440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6853 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8447,7 +8449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8456,7 +8458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6866 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8475,7 +8477,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8483,7 +8485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8492,46 +8494,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6925 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6922 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6937 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8539,32 +8541,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6950 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8573,7 +8575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6968 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8591,7 +8593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8600,7 +8602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8613,7 +8615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7003 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8623,7 +8625,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8631,7 +8633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8641,12 +8643,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7029 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8655,7 +8657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7034 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8664,7 +8666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7041 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8676,12 +8678,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7051 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8694,7 +8696,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7065 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8702,14 +8704,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7070 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8717,14 +8719,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7089 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8732,7 +8734,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8741,14 +8743,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8757,24 +8759,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7123 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7130 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8787,34 +8789,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7146 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7153 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7163 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8822,7 +8824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8832,7 +8834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7187 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8843,7 +8845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8853,7 +8855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8863,12 +8865,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8880,7 +8882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8890,29 +8892,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7233 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7247 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8920,28 +8922,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7260 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7280 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8954,7 +8956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8964,7 +8966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7298 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8972,12 +8974,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7306 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8985,31 +8987,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7314 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7317 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7322 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -9023,7 +9025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -9036,7 +9038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -9050,14 +9052,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9070,7 +9072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9081,7 +9083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7392 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9091,7 +9093,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7400 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9100,12 +9102,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7407 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9115,7 +9117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9124,7 +9126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9137,7 +9139,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7435 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9149,7 +9151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9161,7 +9163,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9174,7 +9176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7467 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9184,7 +9186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9196,7 +9198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7485 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9211,7 +9213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9222,7 +9224,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7506 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9236,7 +9238,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7519 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9255,7 +9257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9267,7 +9269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7547 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9279,7 +9281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9291,34 +9293,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7589 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7595 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9327,7 +9329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9336,7 +9338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9346,7 +9348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7619 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9359,22 +9361,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7636 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7640 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9383,12 +9385,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9396,7 +9398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9405,7 +9407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7667 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9414,7 +9416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9425,7 +9427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9441,7 +9443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9454,7 +9456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9468,7 +9470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7720 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9482,7 +9484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9501,7 +9503,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7750 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9511,7 +9513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7758 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9523,7 +9525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7768 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9537,7 +9539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7780 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9549,7 +9551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7790 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9560,7 +9562,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7799 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9572,7 +9574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7809 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9584,7 +9586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7819 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9595,7 +9597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9607,7 +9609,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7837 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9622,7 +9624,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7850 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9634,7 +9636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7860 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9646,12 +9648,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7872 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9659,30 +9661,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7883 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7888 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7891 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9698,7 +9700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9712,7 +9714,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9726,7 +9728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9740,7 +9742,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9754,7 +9756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9766,7 +9768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9774,7 +9776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9792,7 +9794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9803,7 +9805,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9811,7 +9813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9822,7 +9824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8014 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9831,7 +9833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8020 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9842,7 +9844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9852,7 +9854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8037 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9876,7 +9878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9884,7 +9886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8066 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9893,7 +9895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8073 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9907,7 +9909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8085 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9916,7 +9918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9934,7 +9936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8110 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9946,17 +9948,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8126 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8134 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8120 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9972,7 +9974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9984,7 +9986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9996,7 +9998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -10004,24 +10006,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -10029,19 +10031,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10058,7 +10060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10074,7 +10076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10085,12 +10087,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8234 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10106,7 +10108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8252 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10120,7 +10122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10135,7 +10137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8279 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10148,7 +10150,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8290 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10164,7 +10166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8305 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10175,7 +10177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8313 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10190,12 +10192,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10206,7 +10208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10219,7 +10221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8351 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10228,7 +10230,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8358 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10241,14 +10243,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8380 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8369 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10262,7 +10264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10271,14 +10273,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8404 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10296,7 +10298,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8412 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10304,7 +10306,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8418 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10315,7 +10317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10330,7 +10332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8440 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10350,42 +10352,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10398,7 +10400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8498 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10412,7 +10414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10423,7 +10425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10436,7 +10438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8531 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10449,7 +10451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10462,7 +10464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10478,7 +10480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8570 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10494,7 +10496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10506,7 +10508,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8595 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10515,7 +10517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8602 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10527,7 +10529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10541,7 +10543,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10553,7 +10555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8635 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10563,7 +10565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10581,7 +10583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8659 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10590,12 +10592,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8667 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10603,29 +10605,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8682 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8685 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10635,7 +10637,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10644,7 +10646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10654,12 +10656,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8720 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8715 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10671,7 +10673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10681,7 +10683,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8736 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10690,12 +10692,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10707,7 +10709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10717,7 +10719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10733,12 +10735,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8778 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10750,7 +10752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8790 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10759,7 +10761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8797 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10770,7 +10772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10781,7 +10783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8813 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10792,7 +10794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10806,7 +10808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8835 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10815,7 +10817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8841 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10826,7 +10828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8850 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10838,7 +10840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10849,7 +10851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8868 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10858,7 +10860,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8874 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10869,7 +10871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8883 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10882,7 +10884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8894 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10893,7 +10895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8903 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10903,12 +10905,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8916 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8911 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10918,7 +10920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10930,7 +10932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10941,7 +10943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10954,7 +10956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8951 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10966,7 +10968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10976,7 +10978,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8969 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10989,7 +10991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10998,7 +11000,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -11008,7 +11010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8995 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -11024,42 +11026,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9022 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9026 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9038 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11069,7 +11071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9045 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11078,7 +11080,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9051 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11089,7 +11091,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11101,7 +11103,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9070 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11110,7 +11112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9076 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11122,7 +11124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9086 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11134,7 +11136,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11147,7 +11149,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11158,7 +11160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11169,7 +11171,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11179,7 +11181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11188,7 +11190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11201,7 +11203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11213,7 +11215,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11229,7 +11231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11241,7 +11243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11251,7 +11253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9193 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11265,7 +11267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9205 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11278,7 +11280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11290,7 +11292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9226 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11305,12 +11307,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9243 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11318,29 +11320,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9251 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9258 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11349,7 +11351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9272 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11364,7 +11366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9285 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11385,7 +11387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9305 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11399,7 +11401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9317 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11407,7 +11409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9323 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11424,7 +11426,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9339 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11435,7 +11437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9348 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11446,7 +11448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9357 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11462,7 +11464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9372 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11479,7 +11481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11499,7 +11501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11514,7 +11516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11527,7 +11529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11539,7 +11541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11554,7 +11556,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11565,7 +11567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11576,12 +11578,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11589,24 +11591,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11617,7 +11619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11629,7 +11631,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11641,7 +11643,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11651,7 +11653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11661,12 +11663,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11679,7 +11681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11700,7 +11702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11715,7 +11717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11725,12 +11727,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11743,7 +11745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11755,7 +11757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11768,7 +11770,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11778,7 +11780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9648 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11787,7 +11789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11797,7 +11799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11810,7 +11812,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11821,7 +11823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11835,7 +11837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11853,7 +11855,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9712 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11866,46 +11868,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9743 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11915,7 +11917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11923,7 +11925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9768 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11939,7 +11941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11948,7 +11950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9789 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11959,7 +11961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11973,7 +11975,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9810 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11996,7 +11998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9834 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -12013,7 +12015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9850 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -12027,14 +12029,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9876 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9862 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12054,7 +12056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9885 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12066,7 +12068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9895 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12078,7 +12080,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9906 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12090,7 +12092,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9915 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12099,7 +12101,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9921 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12108,7 +12110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9928 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12118,12 +12120,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9939 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9941 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12131,33 +12133,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9947 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9952 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9955 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9959 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9963 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12166,7 +12168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9970 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12174,7 +12176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9976 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12183,14 +12185,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9982 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9986 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12202,56 +12204,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9996 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10000 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10004 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10008 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10012 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10017 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10021 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10025 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12262,7 +12264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10032 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12270,21 +12272,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10037 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10042 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10046 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12293,7 +12295,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10052 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12302,14 +12304,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10059 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10063 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12317,7 +12319,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10068 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12326,21 +12328,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10074 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10078 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10083 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12348,91 +12350,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10088 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10092 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10096 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10100 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10105 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10109 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10113 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10117 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10121 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10126 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10130 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10134 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10138 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12440,28 +12442,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10143 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10147 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10151 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10155 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12469,7 +12471,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10161 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12477,7 +12479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10167 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12486,14 +12488,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10173 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10177 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12503,7 +12505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10185 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12512,7 +12514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10191 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12521,7 +12523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10197 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12529,7 +12531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10202 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12537,74 +12539,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10207 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10211 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10215 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10219 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10223 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10227 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10231 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10235 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10239 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10243 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10247 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12612,21 +12614,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10252 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10256 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10260 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12636,7 +12638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10268 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12644,7 +12646,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10274 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12652,19 +12654,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10279 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10284 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10286 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12674,7 +12676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10293 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12682,7 +12684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10298 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12692,7 +12694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10306 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12701,7 +12703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10312 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12750,7 +12752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:10363 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -13085,6 +13087,22 @@ msgid "" "ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" +#, fuzzy +#~ msgid "" +#~ "<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " +#~ "that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . " +#~ "essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but " +#~ "also reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more " +#~ "length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance " +#~ "to in our daily lives.</quote>" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "<span id=\"anchor-4\"></span>\"Ik weet niet veel van niet-fictieve " +#~ "journalistiek. . . De manier waarop ik aan dit soort dingen denk en wat " +#~ "ik ermee kan doen is. . . essays zoals deze zijn momenten waarop je een " +#~ "helder en redelijk gemiddeld iemand meer aandacht ziet tonen en dieper " +#~ "ziet denken over allerlei soorten dingen dan de meesten van ons in ons " +#~ "dagelijks leven.\"" + #~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" #~ msgstr "Gemaakt met Creative Commons"